Did you know that english alphabet consists of 26 letters and 46 various sounds? The same letter can convey several sounds at the same time. Just don't panic! We will tell you how easy it is to remember English sounds without boring tables and cramming.
Usually in class English child maintains a separate dictionary, in which the pages are divided into three columns: "word", "transcription", "translation". New words are written there, which then need to be learned. And if everything is clear with the columns "word" and "translation", then with "transcription" there are often difficulties.
What is transcription? This is a kind of instruction on how to read the word. Usually it is written in square brackets. For example: . The characters that are inside square brackets are sounds in English. One character = one sound. Only these characters are not always similar to the letters of the alphabet. . Let's look at the English sounds that are most difficult for a child and how to learn them:
We select associations
It's no secret that complex things are easier to remember by association. This rule works especially well for children.
ʊ
- short [y] - very similar to the icon "horseshoe"
æ
- wide [e] - open your mouth wide and say "e". We call this symbol "bug icon" 🐞
ŋ
- [n] - a funny sound that is similar to how the Baby Elephant spoke in the cartoon "38 Parrots" 🐘. You need to say "n", but a little "on the nose", like you have a runny nose. Try pinching your nose with your fingers, open your mouth and say "n". Happened?
ð
- interdental [z]
θ
- interdental [s]
To remember this pair of sounds, the child can be told a whole fairy tale: “There was a little bunny (our tongue). But he was very shy, so he sat in a mink (in his mouth) all the time. But one day he dared to stick the very tip of his nose out of the mink (we put the tip of the tongue between the teeth). At first he said softly [θ], and then loudly [ð].
s, d, n, t- [s], [d], [n], [t] - remember the Yeralash series about English pronunciation? “You need to talk like you have a hot potato in your mouth,” is the best explanation for the baby. When you make these sounds the tongue touches the hard palate and alveoli, a little further than in Russian.
r- [r] - the English "r" is not like ours. In Russian, the tongue seems to tremble in the mouth. In English, language "wraps up" tip back to the soft palate.
w- [y] / [v] - there is no such sound in Russian either. First, we stretch our lips, trying to say "y", but then the lips should, as it were, "spring" without closing and returning to a smile. Remember how you say "Wow!".
e- narrow [e] - similar to the Russian "e" without "th". When pronunciation, open your mouth quite a bit.
ə
- deaf [e] - a deaf, slightly "stifled" sound, very short and almost indistinguishable. When you say the word "m about loco", then you pronounce this sound in place of the first "o". The symbol is called funny– "seam".
ɜ
- middle [e] - reads like the letter ё in the word "ice".
j- [th] - very important not to be confused with the letter Jj ("jay")! In transcription, this symbol does not mean at all what the letter means.
To make things even easier, we have drawn the main characters of the English transcription with the appropriate sounds of the Russian language.
Tip site: tell your child that he can handle sounds brilliantly. Indeed, at this stage, the baby should feel relaxed and not be shy to experiment. Otherwise, the child will think it looks funny and will refuse to continue.
If lessons at home do not bring the desired results, come to us. Teachers will always find the site easy way to even the most complex knowledge📚 Free!
We continue our lessons for learning to read in English. On the plate on the left, green arrows indicate the sounds that we have already passed. Since we have studied almost all consonants, in this lesson we will repeat 8 studied vowel sounds to consolidate their pronunciation. Of the consonant sounds, only 4 remained. Sounds [ r] and [ w] we go through in this lesson, and the sounds [j] and [ŋ] in the next. So, let's begin!
From Lesson 14 you will learn:
- how to read english consonants Rr and www;
- how to read letters wr, wh, rh, er/or,
Let's start with the pronunciation of sounds, and then move on to reading letter combinations.
So the letter www denotes a sound [w]. Letter Rr denotes a sound [r]. Both sounds are quite complex, because there are no similar sounds in Russian.
mouth exercise, which will help you learn how to pronounce the English sound [w]: pull your lips into a tube, as if you want to blow out a candle, and then sharply push the corners of your mouth to the sides, as if in a smile. And so many times: a tube - a smile, a tube - a smile, a tube - a smile ...
Pronunciation of the English sound [w]. Now that your mouth is prepared, let's start pronouncing the sound. For a moment, pull your lips into a tube, as if you want to make the sound "y", and when you start to say "y", immediately smile sharply. You get a sound, a bit like "v".
Actually the sound [w] very often the letters "u" and "v" are transmitted in Russian. Even in official sources, the name William is sometimes spelled William, sometimes William. Because there is NO such sound in Russian.
If you still do not quite understand how to pronounce the English sound [w] correctly, then pronounce it like a short "y", but in no case, like "v".
Once again, note that when you pronounce "y" your lips are rounded and do NOT touch the teeth, the same position of the lips must be observed when pronouncing the sound [w].
When pronouncing the same sound "v" upper teeth concern lower lip. This should not be!
How to pronounce the English sound [r] correctly?
Let me tell you, it's very complex sound. By at least was like that for me.
What you need to do to pronounce an English sound [r] right and How does English [r] differ from Russian "r"?
- When making a sound [r] can come from the sound [ʒ], which you already know how to pronounce. Only the tip of the tongue needs to be bent even further back ringlet.
- Tip of the tongue when making a sound [r] located in the back of the upper palate, the tongue does not shake. It looks like a burry "r" sound.
- When pronouncing the Russian sound “r”, the tongue shakes at the upper teeth: “pppp-pp-p ...”
Hear how sounds [w] and [r] are pronounced correctly —
Reading letter combinations with sound R: wr, rh, er / or
2. Letter combinations er, or at the end of the word are read as [ə] : sister, doctor, etc.
3. wr, rh reads like [r]: wr ist - wrist, rh ythm [‘rɪð(ə)m], as well as in such common words that we still cannot read: wr ite (write), wr ong (wrong)
Reading letter combinations with the sound W: wh
1. wh reads like [w]: wh at - what, as well as in such common words that we still cannot read: wh y (why), wh ite (white), wh ile (while).
Exception. wh before o reads like [h]: wh o (who), wh ose (whose)
2. At the end of a word w unreadable: slo w
Phonetic exercises for practicing sounds [w] and [r] with audio recording (closed content)
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Description: Access to a course of lessons on learning to read in English and pronunciation at the same time. Author T.V. Nabeeva
For more information on what a dash, colon, round brackets and other symbols.
You can see another version of the English transcription and, if necessary, print or copy for editing in Microsoft Word
English transcription
Pronunciation of English sounds.
Pronunciation of English vowels.
Pronunciation English sounds presented in Russian letters, you should understand that it is not possible to convey the correct English pronunciation using the Russian alphabet.
- ɑː long, deep a
- ʌ short vowel a, as in the Russian word to run.
- ɒ = ɔ - short, open about
- ɔː - long o
- зː - long vowel ё, as in the Russian word hedgehog.
- æ - open e
- e - like e in the word these
- ə - obscure unstressed sound, similar to e
- iː - long and
- ɪ - short, open and
- ʊ \u003d u - short u, pronounced with a slight rounding of the lips.
- uː - long y pronounced without much rounding of the lips.
Two-vowel sounds
Pronunciation of English consonants.
- p - p
- b - b
- m - m
- f - f
- v - in
- s - with
- z - z
- t - resembles a Russian sound tpronounced with the tongue positioned at the gums.
- d - resembles a Russian sound dpronounced with the tongue positioned at the gums.
- n - resembles a Russian sound npronounced with the tongue positioned at the gums.
- l - resembles a Russian sound l, pronounced with the tongue positioned at the gums.
- r - very hard sound, pronounced without vibration of the tongue. Corresponds to the sound p in the word lot
- ʃ - soft Russian sh
- ʒ - soft Russian zh, as in the word yeast.
- tʃ- h
- ʤ - similar to the Russian sound j (voiced h)
- k - k
- h - breath, reminiscent of a weakly pronounced sound x
- ju - long yu in the word southern
- je - the sound e in the word spruce
- jɔ - sound ё in the word Christmas tree
- jʌ - sound i in the word pit
- j - resembles the Russian sound й before vowels. Occurs in combination with vowels.
English consonants that do not have approximate equivalents in Russianː
- w - formed with rounded lips (as in a whistle). It looks like a sound delivered with only lips. In translation, it is denoted by letters in or y ː W illiams - Williams, Williams.
- ƞ - Open your mouth and say n without closing your mouth.
- ɵ - Move the slightly flattened tip of the tongue between the teeth and pronounce Russian with
- ð - Push the slightly flattened tip of the tongue between the teeth and say Russian
It seemed like an impenetrable jungle with 26 dangerous predators hiding in the wilds. However, now you will surely easily name and arrange in right order all the letters, and even flash a few facts that are not known to every philologist.
After reading this article, the topic of English transcription and pronunciation will be transferred from the room of fear to the room of laughter. Today's program:
Getting rid of the fear of reading and the study of graphic symbols
. acquaintance, memorization and memorization of diphthongs, vowels and consonants (classification of sounds), arranged in unique tables
. pause for downloading and printing English transcriptions in pictures
. a clear and concise explanation of the use of English sounds by comparing them with Russian relatives
. consolidation of the material covered with a 10-minute video about English transcription
Are you still afraid? Then we are coming to you!
Graphic symbols of transcription in English
Before you plunge into the pool English reading with your head, we strongly recommend that you heed the advice of experienced divers. Naturally, the child learns to sit first, and then to walk, and not vice versa - the same thing will happen to us: first learn to read the transcription, and then pronounce it (in the head or out loud). You should not get carried away only by reading, otherwise you risk digging into the jungle of theory and breaking away from practice.
First you need to learn and clarify all the questions regarding each transcription symbol. Then listen to online as many examples as needed for a clear and clear idea of how given symbol sounds like live speech. Learn strictly from examples of sounds not taken out of context (like Rian's "uh-uh" in the hit "Umbrella"), but in a specific combination of letters found in words. Then, first listen to each new word and only then check what you catch with your ears with the alphabetic dictionary transcription enclosed in square brackets. By the way, about them and other essential companions of transcription:
Square brackets. They signal that inside is exactly transcription.
For example, English is a word, and ["ɪŋglɪʃ] is its transcription;
‘ - main emphasis. Placed BEFORE the stressed vowel: around [əˈraʊnd];
, - secondary accent. Placed BEFORE the vowel: ["hæmˌbɜːgə];
: - vowel length.
The proposed option will seem at first glance not the fastest, but the wise one will not go uphill - the wise one will bypass the mountain. As a result, the time spent is converted into the comfort of speech perception: you no longer need to painfully strain your ears, trying to recognize unfamiliar sounds. And soon unfamiliar "squiggles" will acquire a meaningful sound. Isn't it magical? This is the secret of not only the correct pronunciation, but also the ease of listening to speech.
Foundation of English transcription
Since “it’s great that we are all here today” about the study of transcription, let's get to know it better. There are two types of transcription: phonetic and phonemic. You are mistaken if you think that you have taught/will learn phonetic transcription to a more familiar ear. She, as a rule, is of interest to serious uncles and aunts of linguists, our choice is the study of phonemes (sound language units). Simply put, if two sounds are very similar, but the difference between them can change the meaning of the word, then they form two different phonemes. In Russian, this is not so noticeable, because if you call a cat at least “cat”, even “koooooot”, he will still come, but the meaning of the word will not change. One phoneme for two different sounds. AT English number will not work: "cot", "caught" and "coat" contain different phonemes. Why so many smart letters"? In addition to the fact that dictionaries contain phonemic transcriptions, remember this and do not let yourself be confused:
Pope(dad, papal):
1) is a phonetic transcription, it is emphasized here that the first [p], unlike the second, is pronounced with aspiration (aspiration after consonants sounds p,t,k before vowels)
2) is a dictionary (phonemic) transcription.
What else do you need to know about transcription? That there is a different syllable in it:
- open(there is no consonant after the vowel) - New
- closed(after the vowel there is a consonant) - York
- vowel: single - [e], diphthong - [ɔʊ], triphthong - [ɑiə]
- consonant:[d]
English vowel sounds (with online pronunciation)
There are fewer vowels in English than consonants, but more than diphthongs. This picture clearly shows the difference, for example, between the sounds [I] and. Anyone who has even heard of the existence of the imagination will distinguish between the words "fish" and "tree", which, like rebuses, contain the sounds mentioned. You can reread the rules as much as you like, or you can study the transcription in pictures in detail once, which visualizes examples of the use of sounds. For memory training, you can download and even print a picture, this option is provided. For audials, it is possible to hear every sound online in a word after clicking on the speaker icon.
English consonants
Consonant sounds in English are not twin brothers in Russian at all. The articulation of their creation is seriously different. However, we are here not to intimidate clever words, but on the contrary, to make life easier for novice Anglo-lovers, so they painted the voiced consonants in purple, and the deaf ones in blue. During the formation of the same plural nouns is very important to feel and know the difference. 24 new words serve as a bonus to the learned sounds. We train visual memory and save the English transcription in pictures for re-use when needed! Audials still click on the speaker icon under each letter to pronounce sounds in online transcription.
Diphthongs (double vowels) of English
And it would be scary from the presence of 8 diphthongs in English, if not for the wonderful pictures, thanks to which the study turns into an entertaining charade. It is enough to look at the picture, hold your eyes, sound the diphthong by pressing the speaker icon under the letter and practice correct pronunciation. To all who appreciated creative approach to the point to download a picture for a long memory is allowed!
From theory to practice
Some time will pass, the dictionary will be covered with a thick layer of dust or removed from bookmarks (in the electronic version), because the translation the right words famous, sounding familiar - what other America can you discover there? Do not believe it, it is precisely the clarification of the transcription of what seems to you well-known words that is the very unplowed field that is worth crossing in order to improve the sound of speech.
Let's give an everyday example: the frequently used word "real" has a phonemic transcription a), b) or c)?
The first option is fictional and erroneous, the second and third are British and American pronunciations. What is the moral of this fable?
So that you are not painfully ashamed of your reading, we recommend that you at least briefly familiarize yourself with these tables as follows:
- read the line from left to right;
- listen to the perfect pronunciation of the sound;
- we take a mirror in our hand and train hard (you will surely like to train [æ] or [ð]).
Table of English sounds similar to Russian
These sounds in English transcription do not have to be explained on the fingers.
| Sound | Example | Explanations |
|---|---|---|
| [ɑː] | car, far, garage | Sounds like a long "ahh". Remember the cartoon about Mowgli, where was the wise Kaa? |
| [ʌ] | up, but, love | Short sonorous "a". Something similar in Russian "ai". |
| [ɔː] | more, board, floor | Sounds like a long "oo". Imagine surprise. |
| [b] | book, board, tab | Russian energetic "b". When you are walking down the hallway in the dark and suddenly you stumble |
| [g] | green, grace, agree | Russian "g", but not as energetic. |
| [f] | forest, atmosphere, enough | Very energetic Russian "f". |
| [k] | kill, cord, school | Russian "k". It is breathy before a stressed vowel (if you put your hand in front of your lips and say “keel”, then your palm should feel your fresh breath) |
| [m] | mother, lamb | Russian "m". |
| [n] | nine, note, intrusion | Russian "n". |
| [p] | pub, gallop, open | Russian energetic "p". Before a stressed vowel - with aspiration. |
| [v] | vest, vocal, give | Russian "in". |
Now let's look at some tricky examples in practice:
subtle - hardly distinguishable
"Sutl" and only like that, no "subtle" with a drum "b" in the middle.
palm -
palm
Naturally, everyone wants to be under a palm tree, but here it does not smell like it. Not “palm”, not “by:lm”, but “pa:m”, as in “car” and “path”. In company with a palm turn out to be calm- "calm" and balm- "balm".
halt - stop
Drive away the analogy with the German "halt" - the correct pronunciation is "ho: lt".
won - won, won in the past from "win"
Wonderful if you pronounce "won" like "one" - .
of - preposition of belonging
Only a botanist would think of checking the sound of a two-letter word? Oh well. "Of" and no nails? Remember: "Of" is pronounced with "v" at the end. Full form- [ɔv], reduced - [əv]. Always.
Table of English sounds that have something in common with Russian
These sounds cause the greatest temptation and at the same time danger: the relative similarity with the usual pronunciation in Russian threatens with an absolutely wrong sound. Pay enough attention and understand the differences well.
| Sound | Example | Explanations |
|---|---|---|
| [i] | fit, bit, symbol | The middle between "s" and "i". Pronounced very briefly, as at the end of "apchi". |
| cheese, tree, sea | What photographers ask us to say on camera. As in the Russian word "syyyr", but with a touching smile. | |
| [ɒ] | hot body rock | Average between "o" and "a". That is, by no means the Vologda “o”. |
| [u] | cook, foot, woman | It looks like a Russian short "u", but it is easier to pronounce and the lips are slightly stretched. It turns out like "y" with a half smile. No pouty lips. |
| true fool shoes | Like the previous sound, but longer. | |
| [e] | get, bed, head | Intelligent "e". As in the Russian word "tin". |
| [ə] | about, until, alias | Average between unstressed "e" and "a". |
| [l] | let, laughter, illegal | Softened Russian "l". Something between the sound of the word "la" and "la". |
| [s] | stress, sunday, citizen | Muted Russian "s". He never whistles. Remember the song "Girl" by the Beatles? Now, if their famous inhalation “sssss” is pronounced with an exhalation and briefly, then you get beautiful English [s]. |
| [z] | zero, cosmonaut, xenon | Everything is the same as about the sound [s], only loudly. |
| [t] | tree, trunk, receipt | Looks like Russian "t". But the tip of the tongue should not be put to the teeth, but to the tubercle behind the upper teeth. |
| [d] | drink, ad, diligent | Similarly: like the Russian "d", only the tip of the tongue rests on the tubercle immediately behind the upper teeth. |
| [ʃ] | ship, action, special | Between the Russian "sh" and "sh". Does not whistle, because the tongue does not rest with force on the teeth, but gently touches them. |
| [ʒ] | pleasure, visual, garage | Softened Russian "zh". Doesn't ring or whistle. |
| jump, jungle, logic | We connect English [d] with [ ʒ ] and get a soft "j". | |
| inch, chance, catch | We connect English [t] with [ ʃ ] and get something similar to the Russian "h". As in the word "kitsch". | |
| [j] | yes, yet, you | Average between "y" and "i". |
| [ɪə] | hear, fear, beer | It looks like the Russian "ie" with an accent on "i". |
| air, hair, care | Russian "ea" with an accent on "e". | |
| make, tray, ace | Russian "ei" with an accent on "e". "I" is pronounced very short. | |
| hi, sky, bye | Russian "ai" with an accent on "a". "I" is pronounced very short. | |
| [ɔɪ] | boy, joy, coin | Russian "oi" with an accent on "a". "I" is pronounced very short. |
| how, cow, hour, our | Russian "au" with an accent on "a". "U" is pronounced very short. | |
| fire, wire | Russian "aye" with a strong accent on the first "a". Pronounced quickly and fluently. | |
| our flower | Russian "aua" with a strong accent on the first "a". Pronounced quickly and fluently. |
were - were
"Were" is not the same as "where" - . Instead of a diphthong, we use a neutral vowel - , an abbreviated form -.
debt - debt and doubt - doubt
Fans of the group "No doubt" had more than a dozen years left to clarify how the name of their favorite group sounds right. "Debt" and "daubt" are not so easy to pronounce. In English, there is no such Russian-speaking phenomenon as stunning or voicing a consonant, but throw away their words for a sweet soul: it is pronounced and.
good - good, book - book and look - look
The double "o" does not become a long "y" in these words. Therefore, you should not copy the howl of wolves to the moon - speak correctly with a short vowel -,,.
Table of English sounds that have nothing to do with Russian
Practice well in pronouncing these sounds online, at least your speech apparatus must get used to playing them correctly.
| Sound | Example | Explanations |
|---|---|---|
| [ɜː] | earn, her, first | If the Russian "o" wanted to become "ё", it would sound exactly like that. Something like the sound when children tease by sticking out their tongue. But you need to achieve this sound without protruding anything anywhere. To do this, silently prepare your mouth to pronounce "yo", and say "oo" out loud. |
| [əu] | go, joke, own | Between the Russian "ou" and "yo" (without "y") with an emphasis on the first sound. "U" is pronounced very short. |
| [æ] | cat, apple, compact | It is very important not to confuse this sound with [e], otherwise instead of “bad” (bad) you get “bed” (bed). You need to stretch your lips wide, lower your lower jaw and say “uh” from the heart. |
| [h] | hot, head, uphill | Every Russian man knows how to pronounce this sound. When they ask you “come on, breathe,” then all the men begin to speak English, because they pronounce [h] exactly as they should: easy exhalation vaguely resembling "x". |
| [r] | red, random, orange | Russian bears are fluent in English [r]. Try to growl, bending your tongue up. |
| [w] | well, what, windows | Fold your lips into a tube and stretch sharply. And now the same thing, but with sound. |
| [ŋ] | strong, sing, sink | Children are scolded for talking to stuffed mouth. But if you listen to the sounds made, then there many consonants sound exactly like [ŋ] . Open your mouth and, without closing it, say "n". |
| [θ] | thanks, ethical | Stick your tongue between your teeth and say "s". |
| [ð] | they, there, others | Stick your tongue between your teeth and say "h". The best practice is to say "Is this" 100 times. Never later confuse "z" with [ð]. |
folk - people, folk
The letter "l" has become a victim and is not pronounced at all -.
comb - comb
No "comb" - only "koum". The English "m" and "b" are quite insidious guys who will mess things up more than once. Be alert!
won't - will not - short for "will not"
They were tormented by the question of how the cunning English distinguish between "want" and "won't" in oral speech? It’s just worth pronouncing the negation in the future tense correctly -. That's all the magic.
salmon - salmon
Not "Salmon" and certainly not "Solomon". Salmon is on your mind - as in "cat" and "apple".
Bonus for the most patient
The human brain is the eighth wonder of the world, the deep possibilities of which we can only guess so far. Something important for us now is known for certain: there is a speech center in the brain. There is no special center responsible for reading, but there is for speech. That is why we strongly recommend repeating the words out loud for the hundredth time. It is out loud, and not to yourself, because in this case also connects muscle memory. Naturally, words can "live and sound" in your head. The main thing is not to get stuck and stop at the stage of deciphering the transcription symbols, choosing for each sound necessary rule. In this case, only the speed of a snail is ensured.
If the language is still alive after previous exercises, then we bring to your attention a video that is better to see once than to hear about it 100 times. All phonetic transcription of English in 10 minutes. Clear, concise and very clear.
English transcription is a sequence of phonetic symbols that helps us understand how to read a particular sound, word. The concept of transcription is quite difficult for the perception of native speakers of the Russian language, because. in our language, although there is such a category, it is used extremely rarely.
Why is transcription necessary?
The phonetics of the English language has a noticeable feature: it has historically developed that words are often read differently from how they are written, that is, it is not always possible to guess how it is pronounced from the spelling of a word. Of course, there are common ones, but still there are plenty of exceptions. For example, there is a large number of words that have either unreadable or readable letters, depending on the environment. And the rules themselves are difficult for students to remember. Therefore, in almost any dictionary, after writing an English word in square brackets its reading in transcription symbols is given.
Often, schoolchildren and students are faced with transcription at the beginning of language learning, when it is still quite difficult to read even quite well. simple words. Then, as the transcription marks are studied, it becomes easier and easier to perceive the contents of the square brackets.
How are transcription marks read?
There are 48 sounds in the English pronunciation system, therefore, there are 48 transcription marks. Let's analyze their pronunciation depending on the letters of the English alphabet denoting them.
| Letter | Designation in transcription |
Sounds | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| More sounds
[ θ ] – soft letter(c), the tongue is between the front teeth of the upper and mandible accent icon- if a word is transcribed, in which there is more than one syllable, stress must be indicated with an apostrophe (a comma at the top). It is placed before the stressed syllable. For example: - decision. |
|||
| aa | Sounds like a Russian sound (hey) | p a ge — [p eɪ dʒ] - page | |
| [æ] | Middle sound between (e) and (a) | b ank — [b æŋk] - bank | |
| [ɑː] | Looks like a long Russian (a) | c a r — [k ɑː ] — a car | |
| [ɔː] | Long sound (oh) | h a ll — [h ɔːl] - hall, foyer | |
| bb | [b] | Approximately like a Russian sound (b) | b e d — [b e d] — bed, bed |
| CC | [k] | similar to Russian sound (k) | with amera — [ˈk am(ə)rə] — camera, camera |
| [s] | similar to Russian sound (c) | bi c ycle — [ˈbʌɪ s ɪk(ə)l] - a bike | |
| [ʃ] | Medium sound between (w) and (w). | o c-ean — [ˈəʊ ʃ(ə)n] - ocean | |
| Dd | [d] | how (e) pronounced with the tongue at the gums | d id — [dɪd] - made |
| ee | Long sound(s) | sh e — [ʃ i] - she is | |
| [ɪ] | and | z e ro — [z ɪə rəʊ] - zero, null | |
| [e] | Reminds the sound (e) with a hint of (e) | t e n — [t e n] - ten | |
| [ɜː] | Similar to the sound (ё) in the words m e d, l yo n. | f e rn — [f ɜːn] - fern | |
| FF | [f] | Like (f) . | four — [fɔː] - four |
| gg | [g] | Looks like Russian (g). | go ot — [ˈɡɒt] - receive |
| hh | [h] | Short exhalation (x). | how — [ˈh aʊ] — how, in what way |
| II | Sounds like a Russian sound (ah) | f i ve — [f aɪv] - five | |
| [ɪ] | Similar to Russian (and) with a slight touch (s) and (e), as in the word outside and | l i ttle — [l ɪt(ə)l] - little | |
| [ɜː] | Similar to the sound (ё) in the words m e d, l yo n. | g i rl — [ɡ ɜː l] — girl, girl | |
| Long sound(s) | mach i ne — [məˈʃ iːn] — machine, mechanism | ||
| jj | Looks like (j) | j ourney — [ˈdʒəːni] - travel | |
| Kk | [k] | Like the sound (to) | k ind — [kand] - kind, genus |
| Ll | [l] | how (l), pronounced with the tongue at the gums | leg — [leɡ] - foot, foot |
| mm | [m] | As M) | m an — [mæn] - the male |
| Nn | [n] | How (n) | no — [nəʊ] - No |
| Oh | [əʊ] | Like the sound (oh) | m o st — [m əʊst] — majority, greatest |
| [ɔː] | Long sound (oh) | m o re — [m ɔː ] - more, more | |
| [ɒ] | A short sound that sounds like both (o) and (a) at the same time | n o t — [n ɒt] - not no | |
| Long (y) without rounding the lips. | wh o — [h uː] - who | ||
| [ʊ] | Looks like a short (y) | g ood — [ɡ ʊd] - good, kind | |
| [ʌ] | c about me — [k ʌm] — come, arrive | ||
| [ɜː] | Similar to the sound (ё) in the words m e d, l yo n. | w or rk — [w ɜː k] - Job | |
| pp | [p] | Looks like Russian (p). | p en — [p en] - pen |
| [k] | Looks like Russian (k). | head q uarters — [hɛdˈ kwɔːtəz] headquarters, center | |
| Rr | [r] | Like a Russian (p) without vibration. | r ed — [r ed] - red |
| Ss | [s] | Looks like Russian (s). | s o — [ˈsəʊ] — so, thus |
| Tt | [t] | Similar to Russian (t), pronounced with the tongue at the gums | tea — [t iː] - tea |
| Uu | [ʊ] | Looks like a short (y) | p u t — [p ʊt] — put, put, put |
| [ʌ] | Reminds me of an indistinct short sound (a) | c u t — [k ʌt] - cut, incision | |
| Long (yu) | t u ne — [t juː n] — ringtone, tune, tune | ||
| [ɪ] | Similar to Russian (and) with a slight touch (s) and (e), as in the word outside and | b u sy — [b ɪzi] — busy, busy | |
| [ɜː] | Similar to the sound (ё) in the words m e d, l yo n. | t urn — [t ɜːn] — turn around, turn around | |
| vv | [v] | Sounds like (in) | very — [ˈv eri] - very much |
| www | [w] | A sound similar to (y) lips are drawn out and rounded. | world — [wəːld] - world |
| xx | sound like (ks) | X-ray — [ˈe ks reɪ] — X-ray | |
| [z] | similar to Russian sound (h) | X erox — [ˈzɪərɒks] — copier | |
| Yy | Like (ay) in the word m ah | b y — [b aɪ] - by, on, to, at | |
| [j] | Looks like a weak Russian - (th) | yes — [jes] - yes, consent | |
| [ɪ] | Similar to Russian (and) with a slight touch (s) and (e), as in the word outside and | dut y — [ˈdjuːt ɪ ] — obligation, debt | |
| Zz | [z] | Looks like Russian (h). | z ip — [zɪp] - zipper |
Use to consolidate knowledge of transcription.
You can practice pronunciation with the help of this video:
Is it possible to write English words in Russian letters?
Sometimes on websites or even in books you can see " English transcription in Russian" or "pronunciation English words Russian letters" - that is, writing English words in Russian letters. The point is that schoolchildren are encouraged not to learn tricky icons, because. it is possible to convey sounds in Russian letters. I find this approach extremely stupid. The phonetics of the Russian language differs from English phonetics so strong that the sound can only be conveyed very, very approximately. We simply do not have some sounds of English speech, as well as vice versa.
