/ / / Analysis of Zabolotsky's poem “On Beauty human faces»

Having lived through many difficult situations- a link to the camps, a break with his wife, - N. Zabolotsky learned to subtly feel human nature. He could guess what the interlocutor was thinking by facial expression or intonation. AT adulthood the poet wrote the work "On the Beauty of Human Faces" (1955).

The theme of the poem is the human face as a mirror of the soul. The poet claims that the sculptor of our faces is internal state, which can give greatness or pity. Reading the work carefully, it is not difficult to guess which faces are the ideal of beauty for the author himself.

The key images of the verse are human faces. The author creates a whole gallery of them, drawing parallels with architectural structures magnificent portals, miserable shacks, dungeons and towers. N. Zabolotsky originally describes human loneliness: "Others are like towers in which for a long time // No one lives and looks out the window." It seems that in the lines of the poem they lose their faces human form turning into masks.

Among all the "houses" - guises N. Zabolotsky singles out the "small hut". She is not distinguished by beauty or elegance, but radiates the “breath of a spring day”, which, as it were, hints at spiritual wealth. Finally, the poet speaks of faces like songs that emit notes like the sun. The last two types of faces are the standard of beauty for the author, although he does not directly talk about this.

The work “On the Beauty of Human Faces” by N. Zabolotsky is built on the contrast: “pathetic” - “great”, “unsightly” - “likeness of jubilant songs”. Between opposite images, the author tries to maintain a smooth transition that can be observed between faces in a crowd of people. He does not criticize ugly "huts", realizing that very often appearance is the result of life circumstances.

The main thing artistic medium in the work - a metaphor. In almost every line, the author creates a metaphorical image of a house, symbolizing a face. Important role Comparisons also play, performing in this verse the same functions as a metaphor: "faces like magnificent portals", "... faces closed with bars, like a dungeon." Additional trope - epithets: "small hut", hut "unprepossessing, not rich", "miserable shack". They help to clarify the details, to convey the author's idea more clearly, to realize the idea.

The poem “On the Beauty of Human Faces” is not divided into stanzas, although quatrains are clearly distinguished in its meaning. Such a composition probably symbolizes the totality of different faces that we can observe on a daily basis. The rhyme in the verse is parallel, poetic size- tetrameter amphibrach. The calm intonation pattern of the work is interrupted only once by an exclamation expressing the admiration of the author. The rhythmic and intonation organization of the text is harmoniously intertwined with its content and composition.

N. Zabolotsky's verse "On the beauty of human faces" reveals eternal theme interdependence of the soul and appearance, but the author does not follow the paths trodden by other writers, dressing his thoughts in an original artistic form.

The poem "On the beauty of human faces" was written by Zabolotsky in 1955 and published for the first time in the magazine " New world» for 1956, in No. 6.

In the last years of his life, Zabolotsky was extremely suspicious. He was afraid that he would be arrested again, he was afraid of the betrayal of his friends. It is not surprising that the poet peered into the faces of people, reading their souls from them and trying to find sincere ones.

Genre of the poem

The poem belongs to the genre philosophical lyrics. The problem of true, spiritual beauty worried Zabolotsky during this period of time. She, for example, is dedicated to one of the most famous poems poet - textbook " Ugly girl».

In 1954, the writer experienced his first heart attack and faced the insincerity and hypocrisy of his loved ones. Last years In life, he greatly appreciated everything real, true, including beauty.

Theme, main idea and composition

The philosophical theme is stated in the title of the poem.

Main idea: the beauty of human faces is not in external features, but in the soul, reflected in the look, in the expression.

The poem consists of four stanzas. The first two describe four types of unpleasant faces. In the third stanza, a face appears that gives joy. The last stanza is a generalization: the lyrical hero is delighted with the grandeur and harmony of the universe, in which there are faces of divine, heavenly beauty, reflecting the divine nature of man.

Paths and images

The main trope of the poem is a comparison formed using the words “likeness” (2 times), “like” and “like” (1 time each).

The first type of faces are "like magnificent portals." With the help of antonyms in the second line, the lyrical hero reveals the "mystery" of these faces: "The great is seen in the small." Impersonal verb"strange" immediately betrays the "secret" of such a Significant Person (the Gogolian parallel suggests itself), which consists in the fact that in fact there is no secret, there is only pompous impudence. The “beauty” of such faces is external, hypocritical.

Another type of person is ugly even outwardly. They are like miserable shacks, but inside they are disgusting, filled with stench and dirt, offal (a metaphor for "the liver is boiled and the abomasum gets wet").

The second quatrain is entirely dedicated to dead faces and dead souls. Here is the third type of person: their lyrical hero characterizes them with the epithets "cold, dead". They are compared to the closed bars of a dungeon. These are the faces indifferent people. But there are souls that are “even deader” (and here Gogol’s artistic logic is again traced), and this is the fourth type: abandoned towers (a fresh metaphor) of a once mighty fortress built for centuries, now, alas, meaningless and uninhabited. In the windows of these towers (metaphorical image human eyes) no one has been watching for a long time, because “no one lives in the towers” ​​- and who could live there? Of course, the soul. Means, mental life of a person, physically still alive, ceased long ago, and his face involuntarily betrays this death of the soul.

The development of the metaphor of windows (in the meaning of eyes), but already in a positive sense, we see in the third stanza, which describes the face of a person who remains alive not only in body, but also in soul. Such a person does not build fortresses with impregnable towers with his face, there is no ostentatious greatness in his face, his “hut” is “unsightly” and “not rich”, but the context of the entire poem gives these seemingly purely negative epithets the opposite - positive - meaning, and the metaphor “breath of a spring day”, which “flows” from the window of the hut, completes the image of a delightful, spiritualized face.

Finally, the fourth stanza begins with a line of faith and hope lyrical hero: "Truly the world is both great and wonderful!" Both epithets in this context shimmer with all shades of their meanings. These are not only evaluative epithets: "great" in the sense of greatness and "wonderful" in the sense of "beautiful". But this is the belief that the world is so huge (“large” in the sense of size) and durable that the dull reality surrounding the lyrical hero is, as it were, very special case caused by the current unfortunate circumstances. Truly human faces are a miracle (and in this sense "wonderful"), they similar songs, made of notes, each of which shines, like a sun(two comparisons strung on top of each other).

Size and rhyme

The poem is written in four-foot amphibrach, the rhyme is adjacent, feminine rhymes alternate with men.

The name of Nikolai Zabolotsky is associated with the realistic tradition in literature, which was developed by poets who are members of the Real Art Associations group. Years of work were devoted to Detgiz, a publishing house that produces works for children, and Zabolotsky, in addition, had Teacher Education. That is why many of his poems can be addressed and perfectly understood by children and adolescents, while they do not contain boring didacticism and respond to the first philosophical questions exciting young readers.

The poem "On the beauty of human faces" appeared at the end of the writing activity of Nikolai Zabolotsky - in 1955. There was a period of "thaw", Zabolotsky experienced a creative upsurge. Many of the lines that are on everyone's lips were born precisely at this time - "Ugly girl", "Do not let your soul be lazy", many are united by a common problem.

The main theme of the poem

The main theme of the poem is the idea that life path, character traits, habits and inclinations - all this is literally written on a person's face. The face does not deceive, and tells everything to a person who is able to think and analyze logically, making up not only an external, but also an internal portrait. The ability to make such portraits, reading the fate of the interlocutor, like a book, is called physiognomy. So, for an observant physiognomist, one person will appear pretentiously beautiful, but empty inside, another may turn out to be modest, but contain the whole world. People are also like buildings, because each person "builds" his life, and each one turns out differently - either a luxurious castle or a dilapidated shack. The windows in the buildings we have built are our eyes to read inner life- our thoughts, intentions, dreams, our intellect.

Zabolotsky and draws these several images-buildings, resorting to detailed metaphors:

It is quite clear that the author himself likes such discoveries - when a real treasure trove of positive human qualities, talents. Such a "hut" can be opened again and again, and it will delight with its versatility. Such a "hut" is outwardly inconspicuous, but experienced person who can read faces may be lucky enough to meet such a person.

The author resorts to the methods of extended metaphor and antithesis (“portals” are opposed to “miserable shacks”, arrogant “towers” ​​to small but cozy “huts”). Greatness and earthiness, talent and emptiness, warm light and cold darkness are opposed.

Structural analysis of the poem

Among stylistic means artistic depiction, chosen by the author, one can also note the anaphora (the single line of the lines “There is ..” and “Where ...”). With the help of anaphora, the disclosure of images is organized according to a single scheme.

Compositionally, the poem contains growing emotionality, turning into triumph (“Truly, the world is both great and wonderful!”). The author's position in the finale is expressed by the enthusiastic realization that there are many great and wonderful people in the world. You just need to find them.

The poem is written in the size of a four-foot amphibrach, contains 4 quatrains. The rhyme is parallel, feminine, mostly exact.

"On the beauty of human faces" Nikolai Zabolotsky

There are faces like magnificent portals
Where everywhere the great is seen in the small.
There are faces - the likeness of miserable shacks,
Where the liver is cooked and the abomasum gets wet.
Other cold, dead faces
Closed with bars, like a dungeon.
Others are like towers in which
Nobody lives and looks out the window.
But I once knew a small hut,
She was unsightly, not rich,
But from her window on me
The breath of a spring day flowed.
Truly the world is both great and wonderful!
There are faces - the likeness of jubilant songs.
From these, like the sun, shining notes
Compiled a song of heavenly heights.

Analysis of Zabolotsky's poem "On the beauty of human faces"

The poet Nikolai Zabolotsky felt people very subtly and knew how to characterize them according to several features or accidentally dropped phrases. However, the author believed that most of all about a person can tell his face, which is very difficult to control. Indeed, the corners of the lips, wrinkles on the forehead or dimples on the cheeks indicate what emotions people are experiencing even before they directly say it. Over the years, these emotions leave their indelible imprint on faces, “reading” which is no less fun and interesting than a fascinating book.

It is about such a “reading” that the author talks in his poem “On the Beauty of Human Faces”. This work was written in 1955 - at the dawn of the poet's life. Experience and natural intuition allowed him by this moment to accurately determine the internal "content" of any interlocutor just by the movement of his eyebrows. In this poem, the poet classifies different people, and it turns out to be surprisingly accurate. Indeed, even today one can easily meet faces “like magnificent portals” that belong to people who are nothing special, but at the same time trying to look more weighty and significant. Another variety of such individuals, according to the author, instead of faces has "the semblance of miserable shacks." Unlike pompous persons, such people are aware of their worthlessness and do not try to disguise it under intelligent glances and skeptically twisted lips. Face-towers and face-dungeons belong to those who are almost completely closed to communication. on various reasons. Alienation, arrogance, personal tragedy, self-sufficiency - all these qualities are also reflected in facial expressions and eye movements, not going unnoticed by the poet. The author himself is impressed by the faces that resemble small huts, where “the breath of a spring day flowed” from the windows. Such faces, according to Zabolotsky, are like a “jubilant song”, because they are filled with joy, open to everyone and so friendly that you want to look at them again and again. “From these, like the sun, shining notes, a song of heavenly heights is composed,” the author notes, emphasizing that the inner, spiritual beauty of each person is always necessarily reflected on the face and is a certain barometer of the well-being of the whole society. True, not everyone knows how to "read" facial expressions and enjoy knowing people through their faces.

"On the beauty of human faces"

In the poem "On the beauty of human faces" II.L. Zabolotsky acts as a master psychological portrait. Various human faces described by him in this work correspond to different types characters. Through the external mood and emotional expression of N.A. Zabolotsky seeks to look into the soul of a person, to see him inner essence. The poet compares faces with houses: some - lush portals, others are miserable shacks. The reception of contrast helps the author to more clearly outline the differences between people. Some are lofty and purposeful, filled with life plans, others are miserable and miserable, while others generally look aloof: everything is in themselves, closed to others.

Among the many different faces-houses of N.A. Zabolotsky finds one unsightly, poor hut. But "the breath of a spring day" flows from her window.

The poem ends with an optimistic finale: “There are faces - likenesses of jubilant songs. From these notes, like the sun shining, the song of heavenly heights is composed.

The metaphor "song of heavenly heights" symbolizes the high spiritual level development. ON THE. Zabolotsky uses in the poem an enumerative intonation, a contrast technique (“the great is seen in the small”), an abundance of colorful epithets (“magnificent portals”, “miserable shacks”, “cold, dead faces”, etc.), comparisons (“notes, shining like the sun", "faces like towers in which no one lives", "faces closed with bars, like a dungeon").

It is easy to remember and creates a bright, joyful mood, a poetic image of the “breath of a spring day”. This breath flows, resembling an inexhaustible stream of positive energy that the author gives to people.