OGE 2018. Russian language. A set of materials for the preparation of students. Drabkina S.V., Subbotin D.I.

M.: 2018. - 208 p.

This manual is intended to prepare 9th grade students for the state final certification - the main state exam (OGE) in the Russian language. The manual outlines the necessary theoretical material, presented in a concise and optimally structured form, contains guidelines by writing summary, compositions, samples of compositions are given. A set of typical training tasks with guidelines and answers will allow you to consolidate your knowledge and prepare for passing the OGE in the Russian language. The manual contains exemplary options in OGE format 2018. The manual is addressed to ninth-graders, parents, teachers and methodologists.

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CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PREPARING FOR THE OGE 2018 4
TRAINING MATERIALS FOR PREPARING FOR THE OGE 2018 6
SECTION #1 GETTING READY TO WRITE A SUMMARY 6
SECTION № 2. WE ARE PREPARING TO PERFORM THE TEST PART OF THE EXAM WORK (TESTS AND ALGORITHMS FOR THEIR SOLUTION) 19
SECTION No. 3. GETTING PREPARED TO WRITE AN ESSAY-REASONING: 15.1, 15.2, 15.3 101
EXAMPLE OPTIONS OGE 2018 133
ANSWERS: 193
ANSWERS TO TRAINING MATERIALS 193
ANSWERS TO EXAMPLE OPTIONS 197

We hope that this manual will help you systematize the knowledge of the Russian language necessary for successful delivery OGE. Working according to the proposed method intensive training for the exam, you will gain self-confidence and get rid of fear and unnecessary excitement before the upcoming test final certification In Russian).
We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the structure of this manual so that you can comfortably work with it.
Section of the manual number 1 includes not only instructions for writing a concise presentation, but also a description of the main methods of text compression. The source text for writing the presentation is given, a sample of its compression and comments on it are given. Recommendations for the volume of the condensed presentation are provided. Samples of evaluation criteria for the first part of the examination work are placed separately.
In Section 2, you can get acquainted with test tasks with standardized answers (you are offered four options from which you should choose only one correct one; or you need to briefly formulate your answer in writing, not being able to choose from the proposed ones).
The proposed tasks test the knowledge of ninth-graders in the main sections of the Russian language course in high school.

USE 2016. Russian language. A set of materials for the preparation of students / S.V. Drabkina, D.I. Subbotin

Textbook "Unified State Exam. Russian Language. A set of materials for preparing students." Drabkina S.V. contains:

• analysis of ways to solve USE tasks in the Russian language
• templates and ready-made algorithms
• recommendations for essay-reasoning
• USE options-2016 in Russian
• answers to assignments independent work and tests

This guide presents turn system preparation for passing the exam in Russian, which is based on familiarity with the content examination tasks, algorithms and reasoning patterns for their correct implementation.

The necessary theoretical material is presented in a concise and optimally structured form.

A logically built sequence of actions necessary to select the correct answer is proposed, given in the form of algorithms.

Are being considered typical mistakes, which applicants allow when completing tasks of parts 1 and 2. Methodological recommendations for writing an essay-reasoning are contained, samples of essays are given. A set of typical training tasks with methodological instructions and answers allows you to consolidate your knowledge and prepare for passing the exam in the Russian language.

The manual contains exemplary versions of the USE 2016.

The manual is addressed to high school students and applicants, teachers and methodologists.

Dear readers our book!

We hope that this manual will help you systematize the knowledge of the Russian language necessary for the successful passing of the exam. By working on the proposed method of intensive preparation for the exam, you will gain confidence in own forces and get rid of fear and unnecessary excitement before the upcoming test (final certification in the Russian language).

We invite you to familiarize yourself with the structure of this manual so that you can work comfortably with it.

The main part of the book presents a step-by-step methodology for preparing for the exam in the Russian language. It is based not only on familiarity with the content of the examination tasks, but also provides a commentary on the implementation of each of them:

• the necessary theoretical material is presented, presented in a concise and optimally structured form, which contributes to its self-development and allows you to find the right answer to this question in the future;
• a logically built sequence of actions necessary to select the correct answer is proposed, given in the form of algorithms;
• considers typical mistakes that applicants make when completing assignments;
• in order to develop theoretical skills, it is proposed to complete 10 options for each task, and then check yourself according to the answers (keys) placed at the end of the manual.

So, the commentary for each of the tasks is built according to the following plan:

1) the wording of the task;

2) what students need to know to complete the task correctly;

3) task execution algorithm;

4) 10 options for each task.

Due to the fact that tasks 1-3 are related to the analysis linguistic phenomena presented in one text, the authors of the manual considered it possible to give an extended training material for their independent development as a single block, coming after the analysis of the content of task 3.

Tasks 20-24 are also performed on the basis of one text, therefore, the training material for their independent development also comes as a single block after a meaningful analysis of task 24.

In addition to analyzing the tasks of the Unified State Examination in the Russian language and comments on their implementation, this manual includes detailed recommendations for writing an essay-reasoning. This section contains the following materials:

• evaluation criteria by experts creative task, knowledge of which will help graduates to avoid typical shortcomings in its implementation;
• an approximate plan for writing an essay-reasoning, compiled on the basis of the requirements for completing the assignment;
• algorithm for preparing for writing an examination essay, taking into account the plan and evaluation criteria:

a) practical advice for writing each part of the essay-reasoning;

b) analysis of typical mistakes made by graduates when formulating a problem, writing a comment and presenting arguments;

c) a dictionary of cliched phrases that help to enter a comment into the text of an essay-argument, formulate the author's position, express his agreement or disagreement with the author;

d) a list of problems most frequently encountered in USE texts In Russian;

e) familiarity with the classification of speech and grammatical errors, which should not be allowed in writing;

f) samples of essays-reasonings on different problems presented in the texts of the Unified State Examination in the Russian language.

At the end of the manual are five full options USE in Russian. If you have gone through our training step by step, then completing these final tasks will not cause you any particular difficulties and will create successful situation in the upcoming exam.

Remember: success is a colossal work multiplied by luck.

The authors hope that this manual will allow graduates to improve their speech culture, improve spelling and punctuation literacy and, most importantly, successfully pass the exam in the Russian language, because the road will be mastered by the walking one.

We wish you good luck!

S.V. Drabkina, D.I. Subbotin.

Section 1. ADVANCED PARSING AND SOLUTION ALGORITHMS

TASKS OF PART 1 USE IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE .................................................................. ........................5
TASK 1. DETECTION OF MAIN INFORMATION,
CONTAINED IN THE TEXT ............................................... ................................................. ..5
TASK 2. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION OF PROPOSALS IN THE TEXT .............................................. .eight
TASK 3. CONTEXT DEFINITION OF LEXICAL MEANING
POLYSEMINAL WORDS .................................................................. ................................................. ......fifteen
TASK 4. SPELLING RULES OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE..................................................................27
TASK 5. PARONYMS AND THEIR LEXICAL COMPATIBILITY .............................................36
TASK 6. RUSSIAN GRAMMAR STANDARDS.................................................................59
TASK 7. RUSSIAN SYNTAX STANDARDS .................................................................. 83
TASK 8. SPELLING OF THE VOICES IN THE ROOT OF THE WORD .............................................. 108
TASK 9. SPELLING OF PREFACES. LETTERS I. Y AFTER PREFACES.
SEPARATORS Ъ AND Ь SIGNS .................................................................. .........................................115
TASK 10. LETTERS E. AND IN THE SUFFIXES OF ADJECTIVES.
NOUNS AND VERBS .............................................................. .................................124
TASK 11. SPELLING OF PERSONAL VERB ENDINGS
AND SUFFIXES OF PARTICIPLES .............................................. ...............................................131
TASK 12. SPELLING NOT AND NOR WITH DIFFERENT PARTS OF SPEECH .................. 138
TASK 13. SPELLING OF DERIVATIVE PREPOSITIONS.
UNIONS. ADVERB.................................................................. ................................................. ...........146
TASK 14. SPELLING -Н- AND -НН- IN VARIOUS PARTS OF SPEECH .............. 162
TASK 15. Punctuation B COMPOUND SENTENCE And
A SIMPLE SENTENCE WITH HOMOGENEOUS TERMS.................................................................170
TASK 16. PUNICATION IN SENTENCES
WITH SEPARATE MEMBERS.................................................................. ................................................178
TASK 17
TASK 18. PUNICATION SIGNS IN COMPLEX
OFFERS.................................................................. ................................................. ...................191
TASK 19. PUNCTATION IN A COMPLEX SENTENCE
WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF COMMUNICATION.................................................................. .............................................194
TASK 20. TEXT AS A SPEECH PRODUCT.
SEMANTIC AND COMPOSITIONAL INTEGRITY OF THE TEXT .............................................203
TASK 21. FUNCTIONAL AND SENSITIVE TYPES OF SPEECH.
DESCRIPTION - NARRATORY - REASONING .............................................. .......205
TASK 22
TASK 23. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION OF OFFERS IN THE TEXT .............................................. 209
TASK 24. FINE AND EXPRESSIVE MEANS
RUSSIAN LANGUAGE................................................ ................................................. ...............217

Section 3. EXAMPLE OPTIONS FOR THE USE 2016 ............................................ ......................262

Section 4. ANSWERS............................................... ................................................. ......................306

ANSWERS TO TASKS FOR INDEPENDENT WORK.................................................................306

ANSWERS TO EXAMPLE OPTIONS ............................................... ...............................315

This manual presents a step-by-step system of preparation for passing the exam in the Russian language, which is based on familiarity with the content of examination tasks, algorithms and reasoning patterns for their correct implementation. The necessary theoretical material is presented in a concise and optimally structured form. A logically built sequence of actions necessary to select the correct answer is proposed, given in the form of algorithms. Typical mistakes that applicants make when completing tasks of parts 1 and 2 are considered. Methodological recommendations for writing an essay-reasoning are given, samples of essays are given. A set of typical training tasks with guidelines and answers allows you to consolidate your knowledge and prepare for passing the exam in the Russian language.
The manual contains exemplary versions of the USE 2016.
The manual is addressed to high school students and applicants, teachers and methodologists.

Examples.
Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) Moscow patrons - representatives of the richest industrial and merchant dynasties Russia.
2) Moscow patrons, as a rule, representatives of the richest industrial and merchant dynasties of Russia, went down in history national culture because they contributed to its development.
3) Moscow patrons entered the history of national culture, as they were representatives of the richest industrial and merchant dynasties in Russia.
4) Moscow patrons, being great artists and brilliant artists, contributed huge contribution in the development of Russian industry.
5) Representatives of the richest industrial and merchant dynasties of Russia, being patrons of the arts, did a lot for the development of national culture.

Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the second (2) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
That's why
So,
Despite this,
Besides,
Firstly,

CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
Section 1. EXTENDED ANALYSIS AND ALGORITHMS FOR SOLVING TASKS OF PART 1 USE IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE
TASK 1. REVEALING THE MAIN INFORMATION. CONTAINED IN THE TEXT
TASK 2. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION OF OFFERS IN THE TEXT
TASK 3. CONTEXT DEFINITION OF THE LEXICAL MEANING OF MULTIPLE-SEMINATED WORDS
TASK 4. SPELLING RULES OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE
TASK 5. PARONYMS AND THEIR LEXICAL COMPATIBILITY
TASK 6. GRAMMAR STANDARDS OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE
TASK 7. RUSSIAN SYNTAX STANDARDS
TASK 8. SPELLING OF THE VOICES IN THE ROOT OF THE WORD
TASK 9. SPELLING OF PREFACES. LETTERS I. Y AFTER PREFACES. SEPARATING Ъ AND Ь SIGNS
TASK 10. LETTERS E, AND IN SUFFIXES OF ADJECTIVES, NOUNS AND VERBS
TASK 11. SPELLING OF PERSONAL ENDINGS OF VERBS AND SUFFIXES OF PARTICIPLES
TASK 12. SPELLING NOT AND NOR WITH DIFFERENT PARTS OF SPEECH
TASK 13. SPELLING OF DERIVATIVE PREPOSITIONS. UNIONS. ADVERB
TASK 14. SPELLING -Н- AND -НН- IN VARIOUS PARTS OF SPEECH
TASK 15. Punctuation in a Compound Sentence and a Simple Sentence with Homogeneous Members
TASK 16. PUNCUNCATION IN SENTENCES WITH SEPARATE PARTS
TASK 17
TASK 18. PUNCTATION IN COMPLEX SUBJECT SENTENCE
TASK 19
TASK 20. TEXT AS A SPEECH PRODUCT. SEMANTIC AND COMPOSITIONAL INTEGRITY OF THE TEXT
TASK 21. FUNCTIONAL AND SENSITIVE TYPES OF SPEECH. DESCRIPTION - narration - reasoning
TASK 22. LEXICAL MEANS OF EXPRESSION
TASK 23. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION OF OFFERS IN THE TEXT
TASK 24. RUSSIAN LANGUAGE DESIGN
Section 2. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR WRITING AN ESSAY-REASONING (TASK 25)
Section 3. EXAMPLE OPTIONS FOR THE USE 2016
Section 4. ANSWERS
ANSWERS TO TASKS FOR INDEPENDENT WORK
ANSWERS TO EXAMPLE OPTIONS.

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