To the question of the Red Guard, who is this? given by the author Valentina Kosheleva the best answer is the Hongweibings (Chinese traditional 紅衛兵, simplified 红卫兵, pinyin hóngweìbīng, “red guard”, “red guard”) - members of student and school youth detachments created in 1966-1967 in China, one of the most active participants Cultural revolution. The Hongweiping organizations were autonomous and acted in accordance with own understanding Marxism, and they also tried to follow the general instructions of Mao and some other leaders of the party. There were serious contradictions among the Red Guards. Some of the Red Guards were the children of wealthy people and cadres, while the majority were the children of workers and peasants. In accordance with this, the organizations of the Red Guards were divided into "red" (conditional children of the rich) and "black" (conventional children of the poor). Serious enmity existed between these organizations. In August 1966, the 11th plenum of the 8th CPC Central Committee was convened, in which many members of the Central Committee who were victims of persecution did not participate. On August 5, Mao Zedong personally wrote and posted his dazibao "Fire at headquarters!" in the meeting room, he announced to the plenum participants that there was a "bourgeois headquarters" in the party, accused many party leaders in the center and in the localities of exercising "dictatorship bourgeoisie", and called for "fire on the headquarters", intending to completely defeat or paralyze the leading party bodies in the center and locally, people's committees, mass organizations of workers, and then create new "revolutionary" authorities. "those in power and following the capitalist path", "black revisionists", "opponents of Chairman Mao", professors and intellectuals; destroyed cultural values during the Crush the Four Remains Campaign. Carried out mass criticism with the help of dazibao To suppress opposition forces in the party, Mao Zedong and his supporters used politically immature youth, from which they formed assault squads Red Guards - "Red Guards" (the first Red Guards appeared at the end of May 1966 in a secondary school at Beijing Tsinghua University). The first "Manifesto" of the Red Guards said: "We are the guards defending the red power, the Central Committee of the Party. Chairman Mao is our support. The liberation of all mankind is our duty. The ideas of Mao Zedong are the highest guidelines in all our actions. We swear that for the sake of protection of the Central Committee, the protection of the great leader Chairman Mao, we will not hesitate to give last drop"After the" reorganization "of the party leadership at the plenum of the five vice-chairmen of the Central Committee of the party, one Minister of Defense, Lin Biao, was left, who was spoken of as the "successor" of Mao Zedong. As a result of Mao Zedong's flirting with the Red Guards before and during the plenum (meaning his correspondence with the Red Guards, meetings with them), calls to open "fire on the headquarters", the atrocities of the Red Guards after the plenum assumed even greater proportions. public organizations, party committees. The Red Guards were placed, in essence, over the party and state bodies. By 1969, they were mainly resettled in rural areas China in the "High to the Mountains, Down to the Villages" Campaign We are Chairman Mao's Red Guards Our red hearts are tempered by the wind and waves Armed with the ideas of Mao Zedong We boldly cross mountains of swords and seas of fire and the mountains will be red for ten thousand years! We are the Red Guards of Chairman MaoTverda, our proletarian class position! revolutionary path of our fathers We carry out important task of our timeChorusWe are the Red Guards of Chairman MaoVanguard cultural revolution!We rally the masses and lead them to fight We exterminate freaks and monsters clean!

Long Live Chairman Mao Badge

There were serious contradictions among the Red Guards. Some of the Red Guards were the children of wealthy people and cadres, while the majority were the children of workers and peasants. In accordance with this, the organizations of the Red Guards were divided into "red" (conditional children of the rich) and "black" (conventional children of the poor). Between these organizations there was a serious enmity.

The Red Guards were subjected to "criticism" (that is, humiliation and physical violence, as a rule, in public) of the so-called. "those in power and following the capitalist path", "black revisionists", "opponents of Chairman Mao", professors and intellectuals; destroyed cultural property in the Crush the Four Remains campaign. They carried out mass criticism with the help of dazibao (wall newspapers). The Red Guards could stop any person on the street and demand to show Mao's quotation book or to recall some saying from there.

The "report" further states that the "revolutionary students" used a wide variety of methods of perverted physical torture in order to extract from the victims the confessions they wanted. They dragged the man into a dark room and beat him, and then asked if he was a "city committee agent." If he denied it, the bullying continued. The tortured was dragged out into the yard, put on a stool under the scorching sun with a bent back and outstretched arms, while saying: "The sun of Mao Zedong, evil spirits have fallen." Then the Red Guards knocked the stool out from under their feet, again dragged it into the room and beat; those who lost consciousness were stabbed with needles. The detainees were not allowed to eat or drink.

The Kg were mostly resettled in rural areas of China during the "Up to the Mountains, Down to the Villages" campaign.

Soviet lyrics dedicated to the Hongweiping theme

Subject Red Guards and the Cultural Revolution in China was used by Russian bards in the 1960s as an Aesopian language for permitted criticism of the arbitrariness of the totalitarian regime. [ source unspecified 283 days]

• Song by V. Vysotsky "Hongweibing" (1966):

: hongweibing, "Red Guards", "Red Guards") - members of the detachments of student and school youth created in -1967 in China, one of the most active participants in the Cultural Revolution.

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✪ 1971 "Night over China." Soviet propaganda. Anti-Maoist Doc. USSR film.

✪ China 1962-1976. Mao Zedong and the Cultural Revolution.

✪ Cultural Revolution in China

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Story

Red Guard detachments were created to fight the opponents of Mao Zedong during the cultural revolution. The Red Guard groups were legally considered autonomous and operated in accordance with their own understanding of Marxism; in fact, they acted according to the general instructions of Mao and some other leaders of the party. The Hongweiping groups were distinguished by their extreme disregard for traditional culture, extreme cruelty towards people and disrespect for individual rights.

They were used by the authorities for repression and suppression of freedoms. Subsequently, the activities of the Red Guards were sharply condemned not only by the world community, but also in China.

There were serious contradictions among the Red Guards. Some of the Red Guards were the children of wealthy people and cadres, while the majority were the children of workers and peasants. In accordance with this, the organizations of the Red Guards were divided into "red" (conditionally "children of the rich") and "black" (conditionally "children of the poor"). Between these groups there was a serious enmity.

The “Decree of the CPC Central Committee on the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution” of August 8, 1966 stated:

The Red Guards were subjected to "criticism" (that is, humiliation and physical violence, as a rule, in public) of the so-called. "those in power and following the capitalist path", "black revisionists", "opponents of Chairman Mao", professors and intellectuals; destroyed cultural property in the Crush the Four Vestiges campaign. They carried out mass criticism with the help of dazibao (wall newspapers).

The "report" further states that the "revolutionary students" used a wide variety of methods of perverted physical torture in order to extract from the victims the confessions they wanted. They dragged the man into a dark room and beat him, and then asked if he was a "city committee agent." If he denied it, the bullying continued. The tortured was dragged out into the yard, put on a stool under the scorching sun with a bent back and outstretched arms, while saying: "The sun of Mao Zedong, evil spirits have fallen." Then the Red Guards knocked the stool out from under their feet, again dragged it into the room and beat; those who lost consciousness were stabbed with needles. The detainees were not allowed to eat or drink.

June 1, 1966 after reading the dazibao on the radio, composed by Nie Yuanzi, a philosophy teacher Peking University: “Resolutely, radically, completely and completely eradicate the dominance and malicious plans of the revisionists! Let's destroy the monsters - the Khrushchevite revisionists!" millions of schoolchildren and students organized themselves into detachments and easily began to look for “monsters and demons” to be eradicated among their teachers, university leadership, and then among local and city authorities who tried to protect teachers. They hung datsibao on “class enemies”, put on a jester’s cap, sometimes put on humiliating rags (more often on women), painted their faces with black ink, forced them to bark like a dog; they were ordered to walk bent over or crawl. The dissolution on July 26, 1966 of students of all schools and universities for a six-month vacation contributed to the revelry of youth and the replenishment of the ranks of the Red Guards with an additional 50 million underage students.

New Minister public safety Xie Fuzhi said in front of a meeting of Chinese police officers, “We cannot depend on routine legal proceedings and the criminal code. The one who arrests a person for beating another is mistaken ... Is it worth arresting the Red Guards for killing? I think like this: I killed like that, it’s none of our business ... I don’t like it when people kill, but if populace hate someone so much that their anger cannot be contained, we will not interfere with them ... People's Militia should be on the side of the Red Guards, unite with them, sympathize with them, inform them ... "

A dazibao posted at Xiamen University in Fujian Province reads: “Some [teachers] can't stand the meetings of criticism and struggle, start to feel bad and die, let's face it, in our presence. I have no pity for them, nor for those who throw themselves out of windows or jump into hot springs and die by being boiled alive.”

In the fall of 1966, the Ministry of Transport allocated free trains for the Red Guards to travel around the country in order to "exchange experience."

The Red Guards burned the scenery and costumes for the performances of the Peking Opera: only “revolutionary operas from modern life". For ten years, they were the only genre of performing arts allowed by official censorship. The Red Guards smashed and burned temples and monasteries, demolished part of the Great Wall of China, using the bricks taken out of it to build "more necessary" pigsties.

Detachments of the Red Guards cut off the braids and shaved off the dyed hair of women, tore open trousers that were too tight, broke off high heels on women's shoes, broke pointed shoes in half, forced the owners of shops and shops to change their name. The Red Guards stopped passers-by and read them quotes by Mao Zedong, searched houses in search of "evidence" of the unreliability of the owners, while requisitioning money and valuables.

In the autumn of 1967, Mao used the army against the Red Guards, whom he now denounced as "incompetent" and "politically immature." Sometimes the Red Guards offered resistance to the army. So, on August 19 in Guilin city after a long trench warfare 30 thousand soldiers and fighters of the people's peasant militia entered. Within six days, almost all the Red Guards were exterminated in the city. Mao threatened that if the Red Guards would fight the army, kill people, "destroy vehicles' or 'burn fires', they will be 'destroyed'. In September 1967, the detachments and organizations of the Red Guards disbanded themselves. Five leaders of the Red Guards were soon sent to work on a pig farm in a remote province. April 27, 1968 several leaders of the "rebels" in

Monday, May 16, marked the 50th anniversary of the start of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution in China. 10 years of rampage of youth gangs - Red Guards (students - "Red Guards") and zaofans (young workers - "rebels") - cost the country 100 million victims and almost 2 million killed. “The Cultural Revolution, launched at the initiative of the national leader and used for their own purposes by the reactionaries, grew into chaos, which became a catastrophe for the party, country and people,” the statement says. policy article leading party newspaper "People's Daily" published for the anniversary. "The Chinese Communist Party has acknowledged, analyzed and corrected the mistakes made by party officials and state leaders, as well as the excesses on the ground." One of these excesses is mass cannibalism in Wuxuan County of Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, a story that is regularly remembered in the West, is almost unknown in Russia, and in China is considered a fiction. Lenta.ru tried to figure out what is true and what is false in this story.

Reforged Red Guard

“In the dead of night, the killers went on tiptoe to find their victim, cut it up and pulled out the heart and liver. Since they were inexperienced and frightened, they took the lungs by mistake and had to return again to the scene of the murder. Finally, the organs were cooked, someone brought vodka from home, someone brought spices ... Several people ate silently and hastily while the fire was dying out under the pan ... "

This is how the Chinese dissident Zheng Yi describes the events that took place in the third year of the revolution in Wuxuan County. He himself was a Red Guard and, as part of the “Up in the Mountains, Down in the Villages” program, volunteered to go to the province to bring the peasants the light of knowledge and the right ideology.

After the Cultural Revolution, Zheng Yi decided to become a writer. He published several novels and short stories, but soon he was dragged into the millstone political struggle, which led in 1989 to famous events on Tiananmen Square. Zheng was among the losers. For three years he hid from the police and intelligence agencies, then moved to the then British Hong Kong, from there to Taiwan and the United States.

There, the former Red Guard published first in Chinese, and then in English book"Scarlet Memorial", which immediately became a bestseller. A group was even formed to nominate Zheng for Nobel Prize on literature. Zheng Yi claimed that in the early 1980s he repeatedly visited Wuxuan County, where he collected materials - official documents, eyewitness accounts, rumors and legends - about what was happening there during the "cultural revolution". Most of all, Zheng was interested in cannibalism practiced then. These materials formed the basis of the book that glorified him.

Small Civil War

In 1968, youth gangs rampaged throughout the country, killing teachers and "class enemies", destroying cultural institutions and universities. Increasingly, the persecution of dissidents degenerated into ordinary inter-clan showdowns: Red Guard units in Canton fought for control of the city, using artillery. Mao Zedong, who himself sanctioned rampant terror, was forced to throw the army and detachments of the people's militia against the "Red Guards": the city of Guilin had to be taken by storm, and almost all the Red Guards were killed there.

A small civil war was also going on in the Wuxuan county of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. On the one hand, the Red Guards from the April 22 Group, on the other, the provincial party bureaucracy, which was supported by the 1st political commissar of the Guangxi military region, Wei Guoqing. Wei had at his disposal local security forces and the authority of the authorities, and the "Red Guards" relied on terror.

The first skirmishes took place in January 1968: “ flying units The Red Guards attacked the "oppositionists and deviationists", beating them to death with sticks and fists, cutting off their heads, burying them alive, drowning them and even blowing them up. In one of the cities, there was a female gang of minors who called each other "sisters" and took pseudonyms according to the number of those killed - "Sister Six", "Sister Nine" and so on.

On April 15, a local Red Guards Revolutionary Committee was created in the county, and at the same time the first cases of cannibalism were recorded. According to Zheng, the anthropophagy epidemic "spread like a plague."

Heart, liver, penis

On May 14, 1968, a group of 11 people led by the Wei brothers attacked a certain Chen Guozhong, killed him with a large knife, and cut out his liver, dividing it among 20 gang members. In the same month, the Red Guards - students high school- geography teacher Wu Shufang was beaten to death, her colleague was forced to cut out her liver and heart at gunpoint, fried and solemnly eaten. Soon, cannibalism was adopted and opposite side.

Zheng singled out three stages in the growth of the cannibalism epidemic: the initial phase, when organs were secretly removed from the dead; madness, when cannibalism was already perceived as the norm.

It took the inhabitants of Wuxuan quite a bit of time to reach the third stage. Already in June, cases of cannibalism were noted throughout the province. In the days of mass psychosis, not only the heart was eaten, but also other parts of the body, including even the soles of the feet. Sometimes human meat was served with wine and beer, dishes from it were served in the dining room of the revolutionary committee.

The victims were former landowners, "right deviators", degraded officials and "counter-revolutionaries". Far from always, cannibalism was caused by ideological jealousy: for example, Zheng gives a story about how a male teacher, having learned that the heart of a young woman helps to cure illnesses, accused one of his students of counterrevolutionary behavior, achieved her execution, and then secretly cut out the right one. organ.

Victims of the "cultural revolution" who became the leaders of the PRC

During the Cultural Revolution in total about five million members of the Chinese Communist Party and their families were persecuted. Future leader PRC Deng Xiaoping was removed from all posts and sent as a simple worker to a tractor factory in the province. His son was tortured by the Red Guards and thrown out of the window of the third floor, as a result of which he remained disabled for the rest of his life. The current leader of the PRC, Xi Jinping, as the son of a disgraced official, was sent to "labor re-education" in the poor province of Shaanxi. According to Xi, there he learned on his own skin how ordinary people live.

Those who refused to eat human meat were punished - expelled from schools, suspended from work. Those who demonstrated strength of spirit and flesh received promotion along the party line - for example, one of the teachers, Wang Wenliu, became deputy chairman of the local revolutionary committee thanks to cannibalism. She tortured her victims and then ate their reproductive organs.

The village is being defended

The epidemic has also spread to the village. The peasants had no time for internal party struggle: people remembered old grievances to each other. One of the cannibals, the elderly Yi Wansheng, described what happened to Zheng in the 1980s: “I do not hide the fact that I killed the son of a local landowner. I killed him with a knife. The first knife was too dull and I threw it away. With another knife, I managed to cut open his stomach. But when I tried to pull out the heart and liver, his blood was too hot - it burned my hands, and I had to cool them in water. When I took out his organs, I cut them into pieces and shared them with the villagers." Yi Wansheng explained his actions by the fact that the former landowner closed the barns during the great famine, and his fellow villagers begged in neighboring villages.

The psychosis of cannibalism did not affect everyone. To save people from pangs of conscience, the authorities of one of the villages decided to organize a general distribution of food from a cauldron where pieces of pork and human meat were cooked together. Those who did not want to eat human flesh could console themselves with the fact that they came across only pork; the rest rejoiced that they were eating the meat of class enemies.

The madness was stopped only in July thanks to local party veteran Wang Zujian. Using his old connections at the top of the CCP, he sent word to Beijing. The Chinese authorities were shocked. Upon inquiry, Wei Guoqing confirmed Wang's information and asked for more troops to be sent to deal with the cannibals. By personal order of Premier Zhou Enlai, troops were sent to Wuxuan, who finished off the Red Guards and put an end to rampant cannibalism. Most of the instigators were executed, and the long-awaited calm reigned in the county.

Photo: Red Private Reporting book by Li Zhenshen

Tea for assassins

In 1983, when the passions subsided, they conducted a closed investigation. It was found that out of 220,000 inhabitants of Wuxuan, 528 people died in the first half of 1968. Officially recorded 76 cases of cannibalism. Zheng Yi refers to investigation documents, according to which 56 victims had their hearts and livers eaten, and 13 had their genitals eaten. 18 people were gnawed “to the feet”, seven had their insides pulled out while they were still alive. Some of the dead fell into several categories at once. In total, about 200 cannibals were identified, 91 were expelled from the party, 34 were sentenced to various terms - from 2 to 14 years, about 100 more suffered various punishments, mostly administrative.

In general, the punishments were rather mild: according to Zheng Yi, local authorities they did not want to stir up the past, especially since many of the party leaders at the county level were themselves involved in cannibalism or covered it up. For example, the already mentioned Wang Wenliu was stripped of her membership card and removed from all posts, but there were no further reprisals, since the investigation failed to prove that she ate the reproductive organs of her victims. Basically, they staked on consent and reconciliation: for example, three former Red Guards, who tortured to death in 1968 a preschooler, the son of a class enemy (he was tied to a truck and dragged behind a car on a rope), accompanied by a local party official, came to the house to his mother and offered their deepest apologies. It all ended with a joint tea party.

According to Zheng, who visited the region two decades after the events described, he managed to collect the names and surnames of 56 victims of cannibalism, in total there were about 100 people. Zheng Yi estimates the number of cannibals in Usuan at 10-20 thousand people.

Zhuang and methodology

Almost immediately, Zheng's work was criticized by Western scholars. He was scolded for the fact that the study does not correspond scientific criteria. There is too much blood, speculation and unfounded assumptions in the "Scarlet Memorial", too clearly the former Red Guard declares his main goal- to condemn communism as an ideology (as a result, Zheng's work was raised to the shield and replicated, for example, by the Falun Gong sect, although Zheng Yi directly states that only local party leaders who acted without Beijing's sanction bear responsibility for what happened).

Many are also confused by Zheng Yi's approach to sources - he lumps documents, interviews, rumors and gossip into one pile, without distinguishing between them in terms of reliability. As a result, it is difficult to separate the wheat from the chaff. Surprise and creative method- Zheng is trying to create the impression that he wrote his investigation in hot pursuit, although in reality, 15 years have passed since the events described by that time. literary critic Gan Yue even called the book “purely artwork despite the author's claims to scientific credibility and data accuracy.

In addition, Zheng Yi abuses amateur anthropology, explaining the events in Wuxuan by the traditions of the person living there. national minority- Zhuang who once practiced ritual cannibalism. It is not clear why suddenly the Zhuang, who had long been mixed with the titular majority of China - the Hans, had to return to a long time ago. forgotten traditions ancestors. Critics recall that most of the excesses took place in urban areas and suburbs, where the Red Guards were active, and in ethnic Zhuang villages similar cases recorded relatively rarely. Moreover, the Zhuang was political commissar Wei Guoqing, who put an end to rampant cannibalism.

Lies and provocation

In turn, the CCP categorically denies cannibalism in Wuxuan. The usual "the authorities are hiding something!" here it can hardly serve as an explanation: after the “cultural revolution” in the PRC, numerous trials were held against those guilty of “excesses”, those who tortured and killed the innocent are known almost by name. Cases of massacres in Wuxuan were also recognized. In the course of the inner-party struggle, the most terrible episodes of reprisals against objectionables became public. It is difficult to understand why exactly the cannibalism that Zheng Yi writes about turned out to be a silent figure.

Domestic sinologists take a balanced position on this issue: without denying that this, in principle, could take place, they note that cannibalism was not widespread anywhere, as Zheng claims. Not a single report of cannibalism in Wuxuan appeared in those years either in the Chinese or in the foreign press, although the Chinese media informed the population in detail about other massacres of the Red Guards and Zaofans against the objectionable, and then the army with the Red Guards and the Zaofans.

Agence France Presse's recent attempts to corroborate Zheng's information were generally unsuccessful: the agency organized an expedition to Wuxuan, but most local residents told reporters that they had not heard and did not know anything about cannibalism in the county during the years of the "cultural revolution".

Only one official, who said he was involved in the 1983 investigation, told reporters that commission of inquiry established 38 cases of cannibalism. When this unnamed source tried to initiate a publicity campaign, local party leaders in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region wrote a collective letter to Beijing, demanding that the truth-seeker publicly refute the slander, repent and come out with self-criticism. He refused to do this, instead sending a book compiled from the materials of the investigation to one of the Chinese publishing houses. If it goes out of print soon, as French reporters suggest, then the dispute over cannibalism in Wuxuan may finally be put to rest.

The current version of the page has not yet been reviewed by experienced members and may differ significantly from the one reviewed on November 9, 2018; checks are required.

The "report" further states that the "revolutionary students" used a wide variety of methods of perverted physical torture in order to extract from the victims the confessions they wanted. They dragged the man into a dark room and beat him, and then asked if he was a "city committee agent." If he denied it, the bullying continued. The tortured was dragged out into the yard, put on a stool under the scorching sun with a bent back and outstretched arms, while saying: "The sun of Mao Zedong, evil spirits have fallen." Then the Red Guards knocked the stool out from under their feet, again dragged it into the room and beat; those who lost consciousness were stabbed with needles. The detainees were not allowed to eat or drink.

On June 1, 1966, after reading a dazibao composed by Nie Yuanzi, a professor of philosophy at Peking University, on the radio: “Resolutely, radically, completely and completely eradicate the dominance and evil designs of the revisionists! Let's destroy the monsters - the Khrushchevite revisionists!" millions of schoolchildren and students organized themselves into detachments and easily began to look for “monsters and demons” to be eradicated among their teachers, university leadership, and then among local and city authorities who tried to protect teachers. They hung datsibao on “class enemies”, put on a jester’s cap, sometimes put on humiliating rags (more often on women), painted their faces with black ink, forced them to bark like a dog; they were ordered to walk bent over or crawl. The dissolution on July 26, 1966 of students of all schools and universities for a six-month vacation contributed to the revelry of youth and the replenishment of the ranks of the Red Guards with an additional 50 million underage students.

The new Minister of Public Security, Xie Fuzhi, told a meeting of Chinese police officers, “We cannot depend on routine justice and the criminal code. The one who arrests a person for beating another is mistaken ... Is it worth arresting the Red Guards for killing? I think this way: I killed like that, it’s not our business ... I don’t like it when people kill, but if the masses hate someone so much that their anger cannot be contained, we will not interfere with them ... The people’s police should be on the side of the Red Guards, unite with them, sympathize with them, inform them…”

A dazibao posted at Xiamen University in Fujian Province reads: “Some [teachers] can't stand the meetings of criticism and struggle, start to feel bad and die, let's face it, in our presence. I have no pity for them, nor for those who throw themselves out of windows or jump into hot springs and die by being boiled alive.”

In the fall of 1966, the Ministry of Transport allocated free trains for the Red Guards to travel around the country in order to "exchange experience."

The Red Guards burned the scenery and costumes for the performances of the Peking Opera: only "revolutionary operas from modern life" written by Mao's wife should be shown in theaters. For ten years, they were the only genre of performing arts allowed by official censorship. The Red Guards smashed and burned temples and monasteries, demolished part of the Great Wall of China, using the bricks taken out of it to build "more necessary" pigsties.

Detachments of the Red Guards cut off women's braids and shaved off dyed hair, tore at too tight trousers, broke off high heels on women's shoes, broke pointy shoes in half, forced the owners of shops and shops to change their name. The Red Guards stopped passers-by and read them quotes from Mao Zedong, searched houses in search of "evidence" of the unreliability of the owners, while requisitioning money and valuables.

In the autumn of 1967, Mao used the army against the Red Guards, whom he now denounced as "incompetent" and "politically immature." Sometimes the Red Guards offered resistance to the army. So, on August 19, after a long positional war, 30 thousand soldiers and fighters of the people's peasant militia entered the city of Guilin. Within six days, almost all the Red Guards were exterminated in the city. Mao threatened that if the Red Guards fought the army, killed people, "destroyed vehicles" or "burned fires", they would be "destroyed". In September 1967, the detachments and organizations of the Red Guards disbanded themselves. Five leaders of the Red Guards were soon sent to work on a pig farm in a remote province. April 27, 1968 several leaders of the "rebels" in Shanghai

near the city Beijing Red Guards walk and roam
And the Red Guards are looking for old paintings
And it's not that the Red Guards love statues-pictures -
Instead of statues there will be urns of the cultural revolution.

And most importantly, I know very well,
How they are pronounced.
But something very indecent
It asks me on the tongue:
Hong-wei-bins…

I'm the head of culture here, like a Red Guard. What do you want f * I in kind? Fuck go!