AT in full swing rural life

The opening line of the poem of the same name (1863) by N. A. Nekrasov (1821-1877).

Jokingly-ironically about the peak of violent activity, selfless work.

encyclopedic Dictionary winged words and expressions. - M.: "Lokid-Press". Vadim Serov. 2003 .

See what "In full swing the village suffering" is in other dictionaries:

See the rural suffering in full swing. Encyclopedic Dictionary of winged words and expressions. Moscow: Locky Press. Vadim Serov. 2003 ...

- (village) foreign language: field work (heavy) Cf. Village suffering is in full swing. Share you! Russian share female! Hardly harder to find... Nekrasov. Strada… Michelson's Big Explanatory Phraseological Dictionary

STRADA, suffering, suffering, pl. suffering, women 1. Heavy summer work during the period of mowing, reaping and harvesting. "The village suffering is in full swing." Nekrasov. 2. trans. Hard work, struggle (book). "The whole life of a peasant is continuous suffering." ... ... Dictionary Ushakov

suffering- uh. Intense summer work in the field, it's time for such work; strenuous activity (portrait.). Not only the peasants here are devoted to work, But even their children, pregnant women All suffer a common, as they say, suffering. // Nekrasov. Poems // ... Dictionary of forgotten and difficult words from works of Russian literature of the 18th-19th centuries

adv. to the merciless. [Onesimus] starts whipping the horses mercilessly. Serafimovich, On the way. The heat is unbearable; treeless plain, Niva, mowing and expanse of heaven The sun mercilessly scorches. N. Nekrasov, Village suffering in full swing ... Small Academic Dictionary

1) lu, only; incl. present scorching; incl. suffering past scorched, linen, lena, leno; nesov., trans. 1. (incorrect singe). Holding over the fire, burn, remove hair, fluff, etc. Burn the goose. □ A red flame flutters on the ice of the river: men ... ... Small Academic Dictionary

A, m. 1. Mowing. Taras mows and sings... Stacks grow. The mowing is coming to an end. I. Nikitin, Taras. The meadow has already been mowed and cleaned. Mowing was in the forest. Veresaev, V early years. Three weeks later, the grass had already grown for mowing and was so thick that mowers ... Small Academic Dictionary

I tremble, tremble; owls. (unsov. unravel). 1. Get into a mess, get stuck in different sides, confused. A cry is heard from the neighboring lane, Baba's scarves are disheveled there, It is necessary to swing the child! N. Nekrasov, In full swing ... ... Small Academic Dictionary

Aya, oh; salty, salty, salty. 1. Containing salt and having a characteristic taste attached to it (about moisture). Salty waves. □ On this wild coast, the steep swell is muddy and salty. Bunin, Galcyona. Strong wind was blowing from the side where Elena was sitting, small ... ... Small Academic Dictionary

From the poem "To an Unknown Friend" (1866) by N. A. Nekrasov (1821 1877). Allegorically: about a people who tolerate what is intolerable for people with a developed civic sense, a sense of dignity(ironic, disapproving). The poet himself more than once ... ... Dictionary of winged words and expressions

Books

• Small collected works, Nekrasov, Nikolai Alekseevich. Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov is one of the most interesting and significant figures in the history of Russian poetry. He entered literature with new poetic themes, rhythms and harmonies, proposed a new ...
• Nikolay Nekrasov. Small collected works, Nekrasov N. Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov is one of the most interesting and significant figures in the history of Russian poetry. He entered literature with new poetic themes, rhythms and consonances, proposed a new ...

“In full swing, the village suffering ...” Nikolai Nekrasov

Village suffering is in full swing...
Share you! - Russian female share!
Hardly harder to find.

No wonder you wither before the time
All-enduring Russian tribe
Long-suffering mother!

The heat is unbearable: the plain is treeless,
Fields, mowing and expanse of heaven -
The sun is beating down mercilessly.

The poor woman is exhausted,
A column of insects sways above her,
Stings, tickles, buzzes!

Lifting a heavy roe deer,
Baba cut her naked leg -
Once to calm the blood!

A cry is heard from the neighboring lane,
Baba there - kerchiefs were disheveled, -
Gotta rock the baby!

Why did you stand over him in a daze?
Sing him a song of eternal patience,
sing patient mother!..

Are there tears, is she sweating over her eyelashes,
Right, it's wise to say.
In this jug, stuffed with a dirty rag,
They sink - anyway!

Here she is with her singed lips
Eagerly brings to the edges ...
Are the tears salty, my dear?
With sour kvass in half? ..

Analysis of Nekrasov's poem "In full swing, village suffering ..."

Nekrasov's mother, Elena Andreevna Zakrevskaya, married without obtaining the consent of her parents. They did not want to give their smart and well-bred daughter in marriage to the lieutenant and wealthy landowner Alexei Sergeevich Nekrasov. As is often the case in life, in the end, the girl's parents were right. In marriage, Elena Andreevna saw little happiness. Her husband often dealt cruelly with the peasants, arranged orgies with serf girls. Both his wife and numerous children got it - Nikolai Alekseevich had thirteen sisters and brothers. The horrors seen and experienced at a young age had a strong influence on all of Nekrasov's work. In particular, love and compassion for the mother are reflected in numerous poems dedicated to the hard life of a simple Russian woman. One of the most popular is “In full swing the countryside suffering ...” (1862).

The action of the work takes place in the summer season - the most intense for the peasants. There was a lot of work, and often there were not enough hands. main character text - a peasant woman, forced into the unbearable heat, under the rays of the scorching sun to work in the field. At the very beginning of the poem, a thesis is given, which Nekrasov will later prove with vivid examples:
Share you! - Russian woman's share!
Hardly harder to find.
In the field, a woman is annoyed not only by the unbearable heat, but also by hordes of insects - buzzing, stinging, tickling. Raising a heavy scythe, the peasant woman cut her leg, but she does not even have enough time to calm the blood. Nearby cried her Small child who needs to be urgently calmed down, rocked. Near the cradle she stopped literally in a moment of confusion caused by inhuman fatigue. Lyrical hero, on whose behalf the story of the unfortunate peasant woman is being told, with pain and bitter irony advises her to sing to the child "a song about eternal patience." It is not clear that a woman has sweat or tears under her eyelashes. One way or another, they are destined to sink into a jug of sour kvass stuffed with a dirty rag.

The poem “In full swing the village suffering ...” was created after the cancellation in Russian Empire serfdom. Nekrasov was sharply negative about this reform. In his opinion, the life of a simple Russian worker has not changed much. Nikolai Alekseevich believed that the peasants got out of one bondage in order to immediately fall into another. In the text under consideration, such thoughts are not directly expressed, but implied. The heroine of the work is apparently a formally free woman, but did her hard labor become easier from this? For Nekrasov, the negative answer to the question is quite obvious.

In the image of a peasant woman, the features of a typical simple Russian woman were concentrated, who would stop a galloping horse, and enter a burning hut, cook food, and raise a child, and sometimes not one, but several. Her only drawback, according to Nekrasov, is overly patient, because there are times when it is simply necessary to object, to rebel. It is extremely important that a peasant woman is not only a good hardworking worker, but also caring mother. The image of a mother who endlessly loves her child and gives him all her tenderness runs through all of Nekrasov's work. The poet dedicated a number of works to his own mother - “”, “Last Songs”, “Mother”, because it was she who, depicted as a sufferer, a victim of a rough and depraved environment, brightened up the difficult hours of Nikolai Alekseevich’s childhood. It is not surprising that her features were reflected in a significant part female images, bred in his lyrics.

Nekrasov's poems, dedicated to the fate of a peasant woman, are filled with motives of mournful sympathy, surprise and admiration for her daily feat. Of course, the poet cannot call this share a happy one, but there are moments of happiness and joy even in such difficult life, which the author described, for example, in the poem "Frost, Red Nose". If in peasant family knew how to work and strived to ensure prosperity, it was possible to achieve prosperity.

The heroine of the poem Daria lived in peace and harmony with her husband Proclus, was not afraid of hard work, raised children. However, after the unexpected, early death of her husband, the peasant woman is left alone with misfortune and difficulties that are beyond the reach of a single woman. Plowing and sowing, working in the field, mowing grass, reaping and threshing rye, harvesting firewood in winter - this is strong man alone is not easy. Therefore, Daria feels that she is doomed, that the family now knows both need, and hunger, and insurmountable longing. The life of a young peasant woman ends tragically: tired of overwork, she falls asleep and freezes in the forest, where she went alone to chop firewood.

Russian women, sung by Nekrasov, were not weak-willed and defenseless, despite the fact that they often remained powerless under serfdom or traditional family life. However, peasant women considered it a sin to succumb to despondency, they tried not to show their fatigue to anyone, avoided heavy thoughts about their unfortunate fate, and only alone with themselves could they drop mean tears into a jug, quenching their thirst during field work, as described in the poem "In full swing, the countryside suffering ...".

Nekrasov depicts the everyday life of a peasant woman with hard strokes:

Lifting a heavy roe deer,
Baba cut her naked leg -
Once to calm the blood!

And therefore the conclusion of the poet is disappointing:

No wonder you wither before the time
All-enduring Russian tribe
Long-suffering mother!

The poet calls the woman a patient mother, since she has to overcome not only mortal fatigue from overwork, but also pity for the small, infants who were taken with them into the field. Sometimes the need to abandon a child because of field trips or haymaking turned into a tragedy: children died, as happened in the family of Matryona Timofeevna, the heroine of the poem “Who Lives Well in Russia”.

Matryona Timofeevna was considered lucky, and therefore happy, by her fellow villagers, who also noted external beauty this woman, and strength of character, and her mind. However, Matryona herself told a lot about her share that you won’t envy: she endured slander, and unfair, cruel attitude mother-in-law to her:
Whatever they say, I work
No matter how they scold - I am silent ...

The birth of a child brought joy, but motherhood also gave new challenges, since no one freed them from everyday peasant labor in the field, at home, and in the forest. And yet it is precisely Matryona Timofeevna earned the respect of people, because she managed to fight for the future of her family, achieved the return home of the father of the family, her husband Philip, who was illegally taken into the soldiers.

“Russian female share” is difficult, difficult, but the peasant woman depicted by N.A. Nekrasov remains beautiful both externally and in her soul, her inner world, surprising strong character, tempered will, the ability to raise good children, worthy citizens of the Fatherland.

Nekrasov's poem “In full swing the village suffering ...” tells about the difficult lot of a Russian woman, mother, peasant woman. This theme is generally characteristic of Nekrasov's work, its occurrence is explained biographically. The poet grew up in a family where his father was a "domestic tyrant" who tormented his mother. From childhood, Nekrasov saw the suffering of his beloved women, mother and sister, whose marriage, by the way, also did not bring her happiness. The poet was very upset by the death of his mother and blamed his father for it, and a year later his sister died ...

The theme of motherhood sounds in such poems by Nekrasov as “Motherland”, “Listening to the horrors of war ...”, “Orina, mother of a soldier”, “Mother”; The theme of the suffering of a woman is devoted to the poems “Troika”, “Peasant Woman”, “Am I Riding along the Dark Street at Night ...”, the poem “Frost, Red Nose” and other works by Nekrasov.

Nekrasov's poem “In full swing the village suffering ...” is named after the first line. It is interesting that the poet represents a peasant woman, a mother woman, against the background of suffering, harvesting, the hottest time in the village. At this time, the peasants have to work especially hard (so much that from one meaning of the word “suffer” - to harvest - another immediately follows for them - to experience physical or moral pain, torment); at the same time, for the author, a woman, perhaps, is generally associated with the feminine principle in nature.

The poem has a plot (for Nekrasov this is a common occurrence), and in the first line the author shows the place and time of the action. In the next few lines, the poet defines main theme poems are the suffering of a Russian woman, and she does it in a very pretentious manner: “... the long-suffering mother of the all-enduring Russian tribe! ” Vocabulary inherent high style, long words with the sounds “s” and “u”, stress on the latter, keyword"mother" give the impression of a poetic take-off.

It is followed by a description of the landscape, as is often the case with Nekrasov, which does not attract attention by the beauty of the views. Feeling some kind of oppressive external force, conveyed in the previous lines (“all-enduring”, “long-suffering”), the tension is preserved: “unbearable heat”, “the sun mercilessly burns”.

Further, the author moves from the collective image of a long-suffering mother to a specific woman. The peasant woman, exhausted, works in the field in the very heat, and a whole column of insects “sways” above her. To the tension from work and the scorching sun, this “stings, tickles, buzzes” that surrounded her from all sides is added. The very sound of these words is overwhelming.

The whole next scene - how, having cut herself with a scythe, a peasant woman does not have time to calm the blood and runs to a crying child - is retold in a completely different style. Instead of high and pretentious, we see such colloquial words as “woman”, “roe deer”, “leg”. The very situation when a woman works in the sweat of her brow, exhausted, and her child (despite all this) is malnourished or, as in this case, in such heat lies “near the neighboring lane”, is found more than once in the work of Nekrasov. It is enough to recall the song “Salty” from “A Feast for the Whole World” (by the way, “salty tears” are also in this poem: “are salty tears delicious, dear ...”).

And what is the author's reaction to this scene, to this situation? “Why did you stand over him in a daze? // Sing him a song about eternal patience // Sing, patient mother! Instead of “poor woman”, “mother” appears again, and the last two lines are again pathos and are accompanied by a poetic rise with an emphasis on the last, key word “mother”. In these lines, the peasant woman is associated with the Muse, singing about the eternal patience of the Russian people (recall Nekrasov's poem of the same name).

In the last two quatrains, the heroine, on the one hand, is perceived as a very specific peasant woman drinking sour kvass from a jug, shutting herself up with a dirty rag, and on the other hand, as a collective image of a Russian woman, all tears and sweat, all suffering and labors of which “sink .. . doesn't matter".

Presented here:

• the full text of the poem by N. A. Nekrasov "In full swing, village suffering ...",
• a detailed analysis of the poem by Nekrasov N. A. "In full swing, the village suffering ..."
• video: Kuban Cossack choir performs the song "In full swing the countryside suffering".

Nekrasov N. A. "In full swing the suffering of the village ..."

Village suffering is in full swing...
Share you! - Russian female share!
Hardly harder to find.

No wonder you wither before the time
All-enduring Russian tribe
Long-suffering mother!

The heat is unbearable: the plain is treeless,
Fields, mowing and expanse of heaven -
The sun is beating down mercilessly.

The poor woman is exhausted,
A column of insects sways above her,
Stings, tickles, buzzes!

Lifting a heavy roe deer,
Baba cut her naked leg -
Once to calm the blood!

A cry is heard from the neighboring lane,
Baba there - kerchiefs were disheveled, -
Gotta rock the baby!

Why did you stand over him in a daze?

Sing, patient mother!

Are there tears, is she sweating over her eyelashes,
Right, it's wise to say.
In this jug, stuffed with a dirty rag,
They sink - anyway!

Here she is with her singed lips
Eagerly brings to the edges ...
Are the tears salty, my dear?
With sour kvass in half? ..

Analysis of the poem by Nekrasov N. A. "In full swing, the village suffering ..."

The work of Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov is addressed to the long-suffering Russian people. The images of ordinary peasants live in the works of the Russian poet. These people, oppressed and poor, evoke sympathy in the soul of the poet.

The poem "In full swing the village suffering" became a literary hymn to a simple Russian woman. The poet's childhood can hardly be called happy, because he had to see the suffering of his own mother, who worked hard and endured cruel temper father. These experiences found a response in the work, combining her image with similar fates of other mothers, tormented by poverty and hopelessness of peasant life.

The work is written in the genre philosophical lyrics. This is a prime example"folk" poetry. The "nationality" of Nekrasov's poetic style lies in the use of a "non-poetic" language, saturated with vernacular and colloquial forms. The poet not only spoke the language of the people, but also made it sound so harmonious that many of his poems were set to music.

Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov wrote a poem, alternating the three-foot and four-foot dactyl, it is these sizes and rhythm that give the sound a melodiousness, similarity to a woeful lamentation.

Using metaphors and epithets, the author colorfully and truthfully describes the suffering of a Russian woman: “you wither before the time, long-suffering, poor, unbearable heat, scorched lips”, expressing his pity for her with the help of diminutive suffixes: “legs, scarves, share”.

All difficult fate Russian woman can be traced in this short work: her untimely withering, overwork, the pain and meekness with which she endures the hardships of life. It is no coincidence that the presence crying baby, after all, the share of peasant children in everyday life is almost as difficult as the life of their parents. What was in store for them in the future? Most often - work from dawn to dusk, poverty, survival, hunger. The patience with which a woman continues to work despite monstrous conditions, causes the poet both admiration and spiritual protest at the same time.

Sing him a song of eternal patience,
Sing, patient mother!

So is it worth it? This is main question and the idea of ​​Nekrasov's work.

The poem ends with lines riddled with both sharp pity and bitter irony:

Delicious, sweetheart, tears are salty
With sour kvass in half? ..

Despite the fact that the poem was written and published after the abolition of serfdom, it found a warm response from readers, because the life of the common people was still hard.

The Russian poet enriched art with new poetic forms, special artistic techniques, thanks to which poetic style became especially recognizable. In the works of Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov, simple language acquires a special grace, becomes part of art.

Nekrasov used his poetic talent to show hard life Russian people. In this we find the meaning and role of Nekrasov's poetry.

Kuban Cossack choir - "In full swing, rural suffering ..."