Usual life astronauts hides a lot of amazing things. Far outer spaces are completely different from the life to which people are accustomed. What are the differences between life in the cozy conditions of the Earth and the surrounding space?
First thing is to put on a spacesuit
The first thing you can't do in space is to be there without a special space suit. A person will not survive even a couple of minutes in the open. Since there is no external pressure, an unenviable fate awaits any living organism: the bubbles of the gas inside will begin to diverge evenly, while the lungs burst, and then the mucous membranes of the eyes and mouth boil.
What can't be done in space? Precise time and its slowdown
Still in space it is absolutely impossible to know exact time. All this happens according to the principles of Einstein's theory of relativity. But do not be afraid - not everything is so difficult. It's just that time on Earth flows a few seconds faster than on the ISS. This is related to the fact that earth orbit the gravitational force is very small (its complete absence is possible only in distant outer spaces, where there are no nearby at all celestial bodies). The speed of the ISS reaches incredible values - about 7.9 km / s. And according to the theory of relativity, the absence of gravity and high speed change the course of time. But all this passes relatively without consequences - if, for example, an astronaut spent several months on the ISS. If there is a long way to go interstellar travel, then, returning home, he is unlikely to find even his great-grandchildren.
What do stars look like when you look at them without an atmosphere?
From what on Earth seems familiar and ordinary? In open space, such pleasure as looking at the stars becomes inaccessible. Because from the surface the globe a person sees their flickering through the dense veil of the atmosphere. People look at the stars in much the same way as through the water column. Therefore, in space, the stars shine with all their might.
Simple things: boil a kettle, write with a pen
Write ballpoint pen- Another activity that cannot be done in space. The answer to this problem used to be of interest to many schoolchildren, especially in Soviet time. Why is this happening, and what then do the astronauts have to write to? The fact is that in outer space there is no gravity. It is necessary for an ordinary pen so that the ink gradually rises to its base, and writing becomes possible. In Soviet times, astronauts wrote with pencils made of wax. After all, graphite rods could break off, and their particles could become a threat to the breathing of astronauts. Astronauts from the United States used felt-tip pens.
And also in space it is impossible to do one more simple action - to boil a kettle. This is due to the physics of the open outer space. From the school course, everyone remembers that the higher you climb, the lower the boiling point of water will be. For example, at the top of the mountain, the kettle will boil faster than at the bottom, at the foot. And in space, in the absence of pressure, water will boil almost instantly.
True, the vapor particles will immediately turn into ice crystals, because it is very cold in space. On interplanetary space stations water is still boiled. After all, inside them, albeit artificially, pressure and temperature are created. The ISS does something that cannot be done in space - boil water in a kettle. But this happens at a temperature of 85°C.
Is it possible to use spirits in space?
This is another thing on the list that is impossible in circumplanetary space. Of course, you can suffocate, but the smell will be too sharp. In general, everything related to smells and tastes in space has its own characteristics. For example, food always seems unsalted. Therefore, astronauts are supplied with a variety of seasonings. The astronauts themselves say that space has the smell of fried steak. And the smell of the moon is similar to the smell of burning peas.
Game for the development of thinking
In many logic games and quizzes ask the question of what cannot be done in space. The game "Matryoshka" in "Odnoklassniki" is one of the examples of such games. On the Internet, of course, there is a large number of similar games. However, this game is distinguished by a variety of tasks and topics. New members join every day. One of the most entertaining questions in this game - "What can not be done in space?". "Matryoshka" is gaining its popularity due to the fact that with them you can significantly broaden your horizons.
“Space is not far from us, only an hour away, if your car is capable of going up,” said British astronomer Fred Hoyle. So, you have such a machine. So you are in orbit. Now forget everything you took for granted on Earth.
But stop. Not in outer space, of course, - on the ISS. AT airless space without a suit, you won't last even a couple of minutes. First, your lungs and digestive tract will be filled with expanding gases (due to the fact that there is no external pressure in space) that are inside the body. From this, the lungs will burst, the water on the mucous membranes of the eyes, mouth and nose will quickly boil and evaporate, and gas bubbles will fall into circulatory system. Solar radiation leave burns on the skin. And here comes the banal suffocation. And then the blood boils ... Well, okay, you're on the ISS. Everything is fine. But there are many "no" there. In addition to the obvious - walking, standing, lying down - it is impossible in space ...
Everything is simple here. As said " universal man” Leonardo da Vinci, “the blue of the sky is due to the thickness of the illuminated particles of air, which is located between the Earth and the blackness above.” For the same reason, stars do not twinkle in space. Because of the "thickness of air particles", that is, the atmosphere. Looking through it at the stars is about the same as looking through the water. The water moves, so the stars begin to "tremble". But the air in our atmosphere is continuous movement, and also different density and there is no air in space. And there is no flicker.
Have you ever wondered why a pen stops writing on a wall or ceiling? Of course - due to the fact that the ink does not flow to the tiny ball at the end of the rod. A regular pen needs gravity to "push" the ink to the base of the pen so you can write. But what do they write in orbit? Soviet cosmonauts wrote with wax pencils (graphite rods could break off and become a threat to equipment and respiratory system of people). American astronauts markers were used.
There is famous legend like NASA gave $1 million to build a pen that could write in the absence of gravity. It is not true. The “weightlessness pen”, or Space Pen, was indeed developed (and is actively used on the ISS today), but not by NASA, but by the American inventor and entrepreneur Paul Fisher. And it really took more than $1 million to create it, but from the personal funds of a businessman. The ink in the "space pen" is in a special cartridge pressurized with compressed nitrogen. And they can write, according to the developers, not only in zero gravity, but also under water, on wet and greasy paper, at any angle and at extreme temperatures. The price of such a pen for the Apollo program (the one when the Americans flew to the moon) was $6.
In the "earthly" sense of the word. Let's remember school course physics. The higher we climb, the lower the boiling point of water. It's all about atmospheric pressure. At the top of the mountain, it will be less than at its foot. Therefore, in the absence of pressure, as in space, water will boil almost instantly (and only then particles of its vapor will freeze, since it is very cold in space). But on the ISS, pressure (and temperature, of course) is created artificially (without it, the astronauts would simply die), though not the same as on Earth, but you can still boil water with it. It will boil at 85°C. But not all.
In boiling, not only pressure is important, but also convection - simply mixing the liquid when heated (due to the action of gravity). There is no convection on the ISS (including air convection, so powerful fans work there; otherwise, the astronauts would be forced to inhale the air that they just exhaled and would soon simply suffocate), so water in weightlessness begins to boil only in place heating, and the rest remains cold. Therefore, a special "smart" kettle is installed on the ISS. The most expensive in the world.
According to Einstein's theory of relativity. Don't be scared. Everything is simple. There is no gravity in orbit (or rather, it is, but very small - complete absence gravity is possible only in deep space, where there is no nearby major planets and stars). But on the other hand, the ISS itself revolves around the Earth at a frantic speed - 7.9 km / s. And based on the theory of relativity, gravity and high speed change the flow of time, slowing it down. You don't need to delve into. Just accept it as a fact - time on the ISS and on Earth flows differently. Faster on Earth, slower on the ISS. For a fraction of a second. What nonsense? If the astronaut stayed in orbit for a couple of months. But if he returned from a trip to another star, he would not even find his great-grandchildren on Earth - by that time they would have died.
It is simply forbidden to take them to the ISS. And that's why. In space, the sense of smell and taste changes. Not necessarily strong, and everyone is different. But mostly in the direction of a more insipid taste and a more pungent smell. That is, the borscht will be somehow unsalted, and the smell of roses will be somehow very sharp. First of all, because in conditions of weightlessness more blood accumulates in the upper part of the body than it does on Earth. Because of this, olfactory and taste buds give a "failure". Taste is weaker, so the ISS is supplied with a lot of all sorts of hot sauces and seasonings. Olfactory - on the contrary. So no perfume or cologne.
By the way, space itself has a fragrance. Despite all its vacuum, in which, as you know, smells do not spread (but the vacuum is far from empty, there is a certain number of atoms in it). They say it looks like the smell of either fried steak or welding. And the moon smells of gunpowder burning.
No load - muscles atrophy. By full program. Our body is lazy, in a state of weightlessness it very quickly gets used to the fact that everything is “easy and simple”. You don't have to bother to walk: swim among the countless wires and buttons. Therefore, at one time, after returning to the "Valley of Tears", the astronauts could not even walk for some time - their muscles were so weakened. Today in their mode - daily and obligatory physical exercises. And still, after the flight, they do not feel like a cucumber at all.
Of course you can. But with other consequences. More serious than on Earth. If you sneeze hard in zero gravity, it will be created reactive effect, which will spin a person and then there is a great risk of getting hit on the back of the head with a “wall”, “ceiling” or “floor” (none of these concepts are on the ISS, of course).
By the way, for the same reason, we do not recommend you shoot in space (not on the ISS, where this will primarily lead to depressurization of the station, but in an airless space). Remember Newton's third law. The force acting on the bullet equally will exert a reaction force on the gun that is in your hands. And that means you too. But there are almost no atoms in space holding you back. opposite side. So get ready for what will carry you in this very direction. Although at a speed much slower than a bullet (after all, you weigh much more). And yes, the bullet will move forever. And you too. Because, as astronomer Matia Cook says, "The universe is expanding faster than a bullet."
It is possible to light, for example, a match on the ISS (if you do not take into account the ban on the "smuggling" of such things). But it will burn differently. In weightlessness, hot air does not rise, so the flame of a match will not be elongated, as on Earth, but rounded, like a bathing cap. And also, due to the absence of gravity, there will be no processes of transition of combustion particles from the region with high temperature to areas with a lower one, so the match will quickly go out.
“Space is not far from us, only an hour away, if your car is capable of going up,” said British astronomer Fred Hoyle. So, you have such a machine. So you are in orbit. Now forget everything you took for granted on Earth. In space, you can't just take and...
But stop. Not in outer space, of course, - on the ISS. In an airless space without a space suit, you won't last even a couple of minutes. First, your lungs and digestive tract will be filled with expanding gases (due to the fact that there is no external pressure in space) that are inside the body. From this, the lungs will burst, the water on the mucous membranes of the eyes, mouth and nose will quickly boil and evaporate, and gas bubbles will enter the circulatory system. Solar radiation will leave burns on the skin. And here comes the banal suffocation. And then the blood boils... Well, okay, you're on the ISS. Everything is fine. But there are many "no" there. In addition to the obvious - walking, standing, lying down - it is impossible in space ...
See the stars twinkle
Everything is simple here. As the “universal man” Leonardo da Vinci said, “the blue of the sky is due to the thickness of the illuminated particles of air, which is located between the Earth and the blackness above.” For the same reason, stars do not twinkle in space. Because of the "thickness of air particles", that is, the atmosphere. Looking through it at the stars is about the same as looking through the water. The water moves, so the stars begin to "tremble". But the air in our atmosphere is in constant motion, and even of different densities, but there is no air in space. And there is no flicker.
Write with a ballpoint pen
Have you ever wondered why a pen stops writing on a wall or ceiling? Of course - due to the fact that the ink does not flow to the tiny ball at the end of the rod. A regular pen needs gravity to "push" the ink to the base of the pen so you can write. But what do they write in orbit? Soviet cosmonauts wrote with wax pencils (graphite rods could break off and become a threat to equipment and the respiratory system of people). American astronauts used felt-tip pens.
There is a well-known legend that NASA allocated $1 million to create a pen that can write in the absence of gravity. It is not true. The “weightlessness pen”, or Space Pen, was indeed developed (and is actively used on the ISS today), but not by NASA, but by the American inventor and entrepreneur Paul Fisher. And it really took more than $1 million to create it, but from the personal funds of a businessman. The ink in the "space pen" is in a special cartridge pressurized with compressed nitrogen. And they can write, according to the developers, not only in zero gravity, but also under water, on wet and greasy paper, at any angle and at extreme temperatures. The price of such a pen for the Apollo program (the one when the Americans flew to the moon) was $6.
Boil the kettle
In the "earthly" sense of the word. Recall the school physics course. The higher we climb, the lower the boiling point of water. It's all about atmospheric pressure. At the top of the mountain, it will be less than at its foot. Therefore, in the absence of pressure, as in space, water will boil almost instantly (and only then particles of its vapor will freeze, since it is very cold in space). But on the ISS, pressure (and temperature, of course) is created artificially (without it, the astronauts would simply die), though not the same as on Earth, but you can still boil water with it. It will boil at 85°C. But not all.
In boiling, not only pressure is important, but also convection - simply mixing the liquid when heated (due to the action of gravity). There is no convection on the ISS (including air convection, so powerful fans work there; otherwise, the astronauts would be forced to inhale the air that they just exhaled and would soon simply suffocate), so water in weightlessness begins to boil only in place heating, and the rest remains cold. Therefore, a special "smart" kettle is installed on the ISS. The most expensive in the world.
Find out the exact time
According to Einstein's theory of relativity. Don't be scared. Everything is simple. There is no gravity in orbit (or rather, it is, but very small - the complete absence of gravity is possible only in deep space, where there are no large planets and stars nearby). But on the other hand, the ISS itself revolves around the Earth at a frantic speed - 7.9 km / s. And based on the theory of relativity, gravity and high speed change the flow of time, slowing it down. You don't need to delve into. Just accept it as a fact - time on the ISS and on Earth flows differently. Faster on Earth, slower on the ISS. For a fraction of a second. What nonsense? If the astronaut stayed in orbit for a couple of months. But if he returned from a trip to another star, he would not even find his great-grandchildren on Earth - by that time they would have died.
perfume
It is simply forbidden to take them to the ISS. And that's why. In space, the sense of smell and taste changes. Not necessarily strong, and everyone is different. But mostly in the direction of a more insipid taste and a more pungent smell. That is, the borscht will be somehow unsalted, and the smell of roses will be somehow very sharp. First of all, because in conditions of weightlessness more blood accumulates in the upper part of the body than it does on Earth. Because of this, the olfactory and taste buds fail. Taste is weaker, so the ISS is supplied with a lot of all sorts of hot sauces and seasonings. Olfactory - on the contrary. So no perfume or cologne.
By the way, space itself has a fragrance. Despite all its vacuum, in which, as you know, smells do not spread (but the vacuum is far from empty, there is a certain number of atoms in it). They say it looks like the smell of either fried steak or welding. And the moon smells of gunpowder burning.
abandon sports
No load - muscles atrophy. Full program. Our body is lazy, in a state of weightlessness it very quickly gets used to the fact that everything is “easy and simple”. You don't have to bother to walk: swim among the countless wires and buttons. Therefore, at one time, after returning to the "Valley of Tears", the astronauts could not even walk for some time - their muscles were so weakened. Today in their regime - daily and mandatory physical exercises. And still, after the flight, they do not feel like a cucumber at all.
sneeze
Of course you can. But with other consequences. More serious than on Earth. If you sneeze heavily in weightlessness, a reactive effect will be created that will spin the person and then there is a great risk of getting hit on the back of the head with a “wall”, “ceiling” or “floor” (none of these concepts are on the ISS, of course).
By the way, for the same reason, we do not recommend you shoot in space (not on the ISS, where this will primarily lead to depressurization of the station, but in an airless space). Remember Newton's third law. The force acting on the bullet will equally exert a reaction force on the gun that is in your hands. And that means you too. But in space, there are almost no atoms holding back your movement in the opposite direction. So get ready for what will carry you in this very direction. Although at a speed much slower than a bullet (after all, you weigh much more). And yes, the bullet will move forever. And you too. Because, as astronomer Matia Cook says, "The universe is expanding faster than a bullet."
Long look at the flames
It is possible to light, for example, a match on the ISS (if you do not take into account the ban on the "smuggling" of such things). But it will burn differently. In weightlessness, hot air does not rise, so the flame of a match will not be elongated, as on Earth, but rounded, like a bathing cap. And also, due to the absence of gravity, there will be no processes of transition of combustion particles from an area with a high temperature to areas with a lower one, so the match will quickly go out.
“Space is not far from us, only an hour away, if your car is capable of going up,” said British astronomer Fred Hoyle. So, you have such a machine. So you are in orbit. Now forget everything you took for granted on Earth. In space, you can’t just take and ...
But stop. Not in outer space, of course, - on the ISS. In an airless space without a space suit, you won't last even a couple of minutes. First, your lungs and digestive tract will be filled with expanding gases (due to the fact that there is no external pressure in space) that are inside the body. From this, the lungs will burst, the water on the mucous membranes of the eyes, mouth and nose will quickly boil and evaporate, and gas bubbles will enter the circulatory system. Solar radiation will leave burns on the skin. And here comes the banal suffocation. And then the blood boils ... Well, okay, you're on the ISS. Everything is fine. But there are many "no" there. In addition to the obvious - walking, standing, lying down - it is impossible in space ...
View from the ISS
Everything is simple here. As the “universal man” Leonardo da Vinci said, “the blue of the sky is due to the thickness of the illuminated particles of air, which is located between the Earth and the blackness above.” For the same reason, stars do not twinkle in space. Because of the "thickness of air particles", that is, the atmosphere. Looking through it at the stars is about the same as looking through the water. The water moves, so the stars begin to "tremble". But the air in our atmosphere is in constant motion, and even of different densities, but there is no air in space. And there is no flicker.
Write with a ballpoint pen
Astronaut Sunny Williams works on the first treadmill installed on the ISS
No load - muscles atrophy. Full program. Our body is lazy, in a state of weightlessness it very quickly gets used to the fact that everything is “easy and simple”. You don't have to bother to walk: swim among the countless wires and buttons. Therefore, at one time, after returning to the "Valley of Tears", the astronauts could not even walk for some time - their muscles were so weakened. Today in their regime - daily and mandatory physical exercises. And still, after the flight, they do not feel like a cucumber at all.
Crew of Expedition 37 to the ISS
Of course you can. But with other consequences. More serious than on Earth. If you sneeze heavily in weightlessness, a reactive effect will be created that will spin the person and then there is a great risk of getting hit on the back of the head with a “wall”, “ceiling” or “floor” (none of these concepts are on the ISS, of course).
By the way, for the same reason, we do not recommend you shoot in space (not on the ISS, where this will primarily lead to depressurization of the station, but in an airless space). Remember Newton's third law. The force acting on the bullet will equally exert a reaction force on the gun that is in your hands. And that means you too. But in space, there are almost no atoms holding back your movement in the opposite direction. So get ready for what will carry you in this very direction. Although at a speed much slower than a bullet (after all, you weigh much more). And yes, the bullet will move forever. And you too. Because, as astronomer Matia Cook says, "The universe is expanding faster than a bullet."
Long look at the flames
Candle flame on Earth and in weightlessness
It is possible to light, for example, a match on the ISS (if you do not take into account the ban on the "smuggling" of such things). But it will burn differently. In weightlessness, hot air does not rise, so the flame of a match will not be elongated, as on Earth, but rounded, like a bathing cap. And also, due to the absence of gravity, there will be no processes of transition of combustion particles from an area with a high temperature to areas with a lower one, so the match will quickly go out.
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Life in space is fundamentally different from life on earth and the astronauts plowing it endless expanses, this will be confirmed. Yes, being on a spaceship is not an easy task due to the lack of gravity, which we need so much on Earth and which is so lacking in space.
Astronauts have to forget about many familiar things that they did before they left their home planet. Going on a trip to outer space(of course, not directly into the open, but to the ISS) you can’t just take it and ...
See the stars twinkle
Everything is simple here. As the “universal man” Leonardo da Vinci said, “the blue of the sky is due to the thickness of the illuminated particles of air, which is located between the Earth and the blackness above.” For the same reason, stars do not twinkle in space. Because of the "thickness of air particles", that is, the atmosphere. Looking through it at the stars is about the same as looking through the water. The water moves, so the stars begin to "tremble". But the air in our atmosphere is in constant motion, and even of different densities, but there is no air in space. And there is no flicker.
Write with a ballpoint pen
Have you ever wondered why a pen stops writing on a wall or ceiling? Of course - due to the fact that the ink does not flow to the tiny ball at the end of the rod. A regular pen needs gravity to "push" the ink to the base of the pen so you can write. But what do they write in orbit? Soviet cosmonauts wrote with wax pencils (graphite rods could break off and become a threat to equipment and the respiratory system of people). American astronauts used felt-tip pens. There is a well-known legend that NASA allocated $1 million to create a pen that can write in the absence of gravity. It is not true. The “weightlessness pen”, or Space Pen, was indeed developed (and is actively used on the ISS today), but not by NASA, but by the American inventor and entrepreneur Paul Fisher. And it really took more than $1 million to create it, but from the personal funds of a businessman. The ink in the "space pen" is in a special cartridge pressurized with compressed nitrogen. And they can write, according to the developers, not only in zero gravity, but also under water, on wet and greasy paper, at any angle and at extreme temperatures. The price of such a pen for the Apollo program (the one when the Americans flew to the moon) was $6.
Boil the kettle
In the "earthly" sense of the word. Recall the school physics course. The higher we climb, the lower the boiling point of water. It's all about atmospheric pressure. At the top of the mountain, it will be less than at its foot. Therefore, in the absence of pressure, as in space, water will boil almost instantly (and only then particles of its vapor will freeze, since it is very cold in space). But on the ISS, pressure (and temperature, of course) is created artificially (without it, the astronauts would simply die), though not the same as on Earth, but you can still boil water with it. It will boil at 85°C. But not all. In boiling, not only pressure is important, but also convection - simply mixing the liquid when heated (due to the action of gravity). There is no convection on the ISS (including air convection, so powerful fans work there; otherwise, the astronauts would be forced to inhale the air that they just exhaled and would soon simply suffocate), so water in weightlessness begins to boil only in place heating, and the rest remains cold. Therefore, a special "smart" kettle is installed on the ISS. The most expensive in the world.
Find out the exact time
According to Einstein's theory of relativity. Don't be scared. Everything is simple. There is no gravity in orbit (or rather, it is, but very small - the complete absence of gravity is possible only in deep space, where there are no large planets and stars nearby). But on the other hand, the ISS itself revolves around the Earth at a frantic speed - 7.9 km / s. And based on the theory of relativity, gravity and high speed change the flow of time, slowing it down. You don't need to delve into. Just accept it as a fact - time on the ISS and on Earth flows differently. Faster on Earth, slower on the ISS. For a fraction of a second. What nonsense? If the astronaut stayed in orbit for a couple of months. But if he returned from a trip to another star, he would not even find his great-grandchildren on Earth - by that time they would have died.
perfume
It is simply forbidden to take them to the ISS. And that's why. In space, the sense of smell and taste changes. Not necessarily strong, and everyone is different. But mostly in the direction of a more insipid taste and a more pungent smell. That is, the borscht will be somehow unsalted, and the smell of roses will be somehow very sharp. First of all, because in conditions of weightlessness more blood accumulates in the upper part of the body than it does on Earth. Because of this, the olfactory and taste buds fail. Taste is weaker, so the ISS is supplied with a lot of all sorts of hot sauces and seasonings. Olfactory - on the contrary. So no perfume or cologne. By the way, space itself has a fragrance. Despite all its vacuum, in which, as you know, smells do not spread (but the vacuum is far from empty, there is a certain number of atoms in it). They say it looks like the smell of either fried steak or welding. And the moon smells of gunpowder burning.
abandon sports
No load - muscles atrophy. Full program. Our body is lazy, in a state of weightlessness it very quickly gets used to the fact that everything is “easy and simple”. You don't have to bother to walk: swim among the countless wires and buttons. Therefore, at one time, after returning to the "Valley of Tears", the astronauts could not even walk for some time - their muscles were so weakened. Today in their regime - daily and mandatory physical exercises. And still, after the flight, they do not feel like a cucumber at all.
sneeze
Of course you can. But with other consequences. More serious than on Earth. If you sneeze heavily in weightlessness, a reactive effect will be created that will spin the person and then there is a great risk of getting hit on the back of the head with a “wall”, “ceiling” or “floor” (none of these concepts are on the ISS, of course). By the way, for the same reason, we do not recommend you shoot in space (not on the ISS, where this will primarily lead to depressurization of the station, but in an airless space). Remember Newton's third law. The force acting on the bullet will equally exert a reaction force on the gun that is in your hands. And that means you too. But in space, there are almost no atoms holding back your movement in the opposite direction. So get ready for what will carry you in this very direction. Although at a speed much slower than a bullet (after all, you weigh much more). And yes, the bullet will move forever. And you too. Because, as astronomer Matia Cook says, "The universe is expanding faster than a bullet."
Long look at the flames
It is possible to light, for example, a match on the ISS (if you do not take into account the ban on the "smuggling" of such things). But it will burn differently. In weightlessness, hot air does not rise, so the flame of a match will not be elongated, as on Earth, but rounded, like a bathing cap. And also, due to the absence of gravity, there will be no processes of transition of combustion particles from an area with a high temperature to areas with a lower one, so the match will quickly go out.
