The use of pronouns in speech avoids tautologies and replaces proper names nouns. It is pronouns that are an integral part of any statement, since they replace the names of both animate and inanimate objects (Nominative case). As for object pronouns in English language, then they have a number of functions that need to be considered.
Case of personal pronouns in English
In English, there are only two subtypes of personal pronouns - subjective (nominative) and objective (objective). They have a number of differences and features in the language. The first answers the questions: who?, what? And the object case of personal pronouns in English will answer the questions of indirect cases of the Russian language, namely: whom? to whom? by whom? about whom? This makes learning English grammar a little easier in comparison with the Russian.
It is necessary to clearly distinguish between both forms of pronouns in order to be able to use them correctly in sentences. Therefore, you need to consider them in comparison.
Objective case
As can be seen from the table, each object pronoun in English refers to the corresponding form of the subject. The pronoun me refers to the first person singular and translates: me, me, me, about me. For example, tell me - tell me. In plural the pronoun we changes to us [ʌs] - us, us, us. For example, in the sentence: Let us come in - let us come in.
The pronoun of the second person you - you, you, does not lend itself to change, and acquires other meanings: you, you, you, you, you, you. For example, I will call you later - I will call you later.
Speaking of third parties, you need to use: him - him, him, them; her - her, her, her; it - his, her, him, her, them, her. For example, I am with him - I am with him; he loves her - he loves her; you have a paint, use it - you have paint, use it. At the same time, it should be noted that the possessive pronoun her - her, absolutely converges with the object pronoun, so you need to be careful about its use in speech. The pronoun them [ðəm] does not change either in pronunciation or in spelling: Let's go with them - let's go with them.
Place of object pronouns in a sentence
Only having mastered personal pronouns in the nominative case well, you can proceed to familiarize yourself with the objective case. In English, their use in sentences has a slightly different connotation, and it is not always clear how to translate a phrase with such pronouns correctly. That is why you need to clearly know their place in the proposal.
Unlike the first group, the second pronouns do not act as the subject, but are the complement of the predicate. Therefore, they usually come after the verb: they don't want to know us - they don't want to know us. But there are cases when object pronouns act as a predicate, for example: It "s me.
Often they appear in questions: Can you help me? - Can you help me? Comparisons also use object pronouns, for example: My brother is elder than me.
Several object pronouns in one sentence are not uncommon in English. This is characteristic of more complex expression constructions: he asked me to take her with us - he asked me to take her with us.
There are verbs after which it is necessary to use a preposition with an addition. Such verbs include: to agree, to look, to listen, to wait, etc. For example, will you listen to me? - Will you listen to me? In such cases, prepositions are used before pronouns: at, with, to, for, of, etc.
The following video will help you better understand the use of certain prepositions before object pronouns. Those who are just starting to learn English should focus on their pronunciation.
Exercises
The use of pronouns must be learned at the level of automatism. To do this, you need to develop your skills with the help of different exercises. Should start with simple exercises for the development of object pronouns in English.
Exercise 1. Replace these nouns with pronouns in the objective case.
Mother, table, Sam, book, cat, boy, children, flower, snow, friend, I and my father.
Exercise 2. Fill in the gaps with pronouns in the objective case.
- Why are you looking at that poster? Do you like ___?
- The girl is singing. Please, listen to ___!
- Dan asked you on date? Will you go with ___?
- Neighbors are having a party. Go and tell ___ to the music down.
- We are going to the picnic on Saturday. Will you go with ___?
- I'm very angry! Listen to ___!
- You are mad. I'm not going anywhere with ___!
Exercise 3. Fill in the gaps with object pronouns.
In order to clearly master the rules for using personal pronouns in English, they should be practiced in parallel in exercises. For example:
The correct and appropriate use of personal pronouns in speech indicates its rather high level, since they are part of such complex grammatical constructions how: complex object and complex subject.
Starting to study pronouns, you should immediately put everything about object pronouns in English "on the shelves". In this case further development language will flow without significant difficulties.
Personal pronouns in English occur in two cases - nominative (nominative case) and objective (objective case). In this article, you will get acquainted with those and others, look at the tables and do exercises on personal pronouns. Let's talk about personal pronouns in the nominative case first.
Personal pronouns in the nominative case.
Consider a table:
Everything seems to be simple, but let's make some clarifications.
- role in the proposal.
Personal pronouns in the nominative case in English most often play the role of the subject:
She lives in Bristol. – She lives in Bristol
I am not scared. - I'm not scared.
It should also be noted that personal pronouns in the nominative case can act as nominal predicate:
It was she who did it. It was she who did it.
AT similar cases in more informal speech it is permissible to use pronouns in the objective case:
It was her who did it.
- Gender of personal pronouns.
Some personal pronouns clearly indicate gender. These are pronouns he - masculine(animated) and she - feminine(inanimate). Pronoun it used instead of all inanimate objects, as well as animals and the word baby (baby).
Molly sees a cat. It is black. Molly sees a cat. He's black.
Where is the baby. It's with me. - Where is the baby? He's with me.
In some cases, many objects can be animated (especially in fiction) and be replaced by she and he. Read more in the article about in English.
- Pronouns I and you.
The pronoun I is always written with capital letter regardless of the place in the sentence.
You must have noticed that the pronoun you translated as you and you and is always plural. In fact, there is no pronoun you in modern English. It used to sound like thou. Today, a similar form can only be found in poetry. Remember: in English, everyone should be addressed to you and use the pronoun you, which has the plural.
You are a good boy. - You're a good boy.
Note that after you is the plural verb - you are.
It looks like about personal pronouns in the nominative case I said everything, let's do some strengthening exercises. You will find the answers at the end of the article.
Exercises for personal pronouns he, she, it, etc.
Exercise 1. What personal pronouns can replace the following nouns? Fill the table.
Kate, my parents, auntie, Jacob, car, sister, cousins, two chairs, chair, the Queen, Ann, brother, uncle, Bill, cat, table, my father, my house, cars, balls.
Exercise 2. Add he, she, it, we, or they
- Molly is very nice. _____"s my best friend.
- Molly and I aren "t English. ______" re from Sydney.
- Greg is my brother. ______"s 25 years old.
- Greg and Alison are married. _______"ve got two children.
- Emily is 22 years old. ______"s a nurse in
Exercise 3. Write in he, she or they.
- This is Maria. _____ is having lunch in the canteen.
- Look at the children! _____ are playing football in the snow!
- Vanya is my friend. ______ is riding a bike now.
- Look at Pavel's parents. _________ are reading a book.
- Lisa is Pavel's friend. Listen! ______ is singing!
Personal pronouns in the objective case (Objective Case).
Objective case English pronouns corresponds to oblique cases of the Russian language. Consider the table.
A few examples:
Ask him to stay for dinner. Ask him to stay for dinner.
Give him a pen. - Give him a pen.
Don "t speak about him like this. - Don't talk about him like that!
This was done by him. - It was made by him.
You should not have any difficulties in using the object case of pronouns. The only moment– use of I and me.
I or me?
Usually these pronouns are used in accordance with the rules: I in the nominative case, me in all the rest.
I give you a present. - I'm giving you a present.
You give me a present. - You're giving me a present.
- However, if I is in the nominative case and plays the role of a predicate, both options are possible here.
It "s I / It's me - It's me!
The first option is more bookish, the second is colloquial.
- You can also use both I and me in comparison structures:
Molly is as old as I / as old as me.
Molly is older than I /than me.
- Short answers use both pronouns.
- I or me after and?
Both options are possible, although the expression you and I already outdated, you will look a bit conservative while using it. However, sir (madame), if you like ... use.
Exercises on personal pronouns in the objective case.
Exercise 4 the correct object pronoun. Fill in the gaps using personal pronouns in the object case.
- Who is that lady? — Why are you looking at __________?
- Do you know that young handsome man?-Yes, I study with __________.
- Please listen to _______. I want to express my point of view.
- These puppies are so nice! Do you want to look at ______.
- We like this house. We're going to buy _________.
- He can't see _______ because we are sitting in the last row.
- Where are the keys to our flat? I can't find _______.
- Where is Ann? I want to talk to _________.
- This snake is poisonous. I "m very afraid of _______.
- Don "t wait for _______ for dinner. I" ll return very late at night.
- He left Polotsk long ago. I haven't seen _______ since.
- You can fully rely on _______. We won't let you down.
Exercise 5. Fill in the gap with the correct object pronoun.
My husband and I are very lucky. We have many close friends in this city, and they are all interesting people.
Our friend Andrew is a scientist. We see (1) _____ when he isn't busy in his laboratory. When we get together with (2) _____, he always tells (3) ______ about his new experiments. Andrew is a very close friend. We like (4) _______ very much.
Our friend Maggie is an actress. We see (5) _______, when she isn't making a movie in Hollywood. When we get together with (6) _______, she always tells (7) ______ about her life in Hollywood. Maggie is a very close friend. We like (8) ______ very much.
Our friends Bobby and Marlin are journalists. We see (9) ______,when they are not traveling around the world. When we get together with (10) ______, they always tell (11) _____ about their meetings with famous people. Bobby and Marlin are very close friends. We like (12) ____ very much.
Exercise 6
- Jack is hungry. Bring _______ a sandwich.
- Ann is ill. Take _______ these flowers.
- Fred and Jane are in the country. Write _______ a letter.
- I am thirsty. Bring _________ a bottle of Coca-Cola.
- Jimmy is in class. Give __________this book.
- The children are hungry. Bring _______ these red apples.
- Alan is at home. Ask ________ to come to the yard.
- We are at table. Give _______ tea and cakes.
Answers:
Exercise 1.
Exercise 2.
1 she, 2 we, 3 he, 4 they, 5 she.
Exercise 3
1 she, 2 they, 3 he, 4 they, 5 she.
Exercise 4
1 her, 2 him, 3 me, 4 them, 5 it, 6 us, 7 them, 8 her, 9 it, 10 me, 11 him, 12 us
Exercise 5
1 him, 2 him, 3 us, 4 him, 5 her, 6 her, 7 us, 8 her, 9 them, 10 them, 11 us, 12 them
Exercise 6
1 him, 2 her, 3 them, 4 me, 5 him, 6 them, 7 him, 8 us
It may seem that they are one and the same, but this is a deep delusion. We think that this is probably how it should be, because in mother tongue two different phrases use the same word: his coat" and "meet his In the underground". But in English there are two different types pronouns. Oh, how lucky we are with Russian!
Object and possessive pronouns in English. What is the difference?
Let's see what they look like first object and possessive pronouns in English.
If we pay attention to examples of possessive pronouns in English, we will see that they are found in tandem with nouns.
1. His father was very angry. “His father was very angry.
2. My pencil isn't broken. My pencil is not broken.
3. Where are their children? – Where are their children?
4. We want to see our results! We want to see our results!
5. Who is her husband? - Who is her husband?
6. What is your name? – What is your name? (literal translation)
The task of the so-called "object pronouns" to complement the verb (action), that is, to be an “object”. In other words, object and possessive pronouns in English perform different roles in a sentence.
Object pronouns in English table with examples
To sort out this confusion, nothing less than " object pronouns in English table with examples».
|
pronoun |
example |
translation |
|
Give this bag to me ! |
Give me that bag! |
|
|
He is willing to call you . |
He is ready to call you. |
|
|
Talk to him . |
Talk to him. |
|
|
I didn't see her yesterday. |
I didn't see her yesterday. |
|
|
They don't love us . |
They do not like us. |
|
|
Them |
I want to invite them to the party. |
I want to invite them to a party. |
|
Nobody is watching TV. turn it off! |
Nobody watches TV. Turn off His! |
Object pronouns in English table showed us that in this case We are not talking about the expression of an object's belonging to something or someone. In such sentences, we specify to whom or what the speaker's action is directed to. It turns out something like this.
Possessive pronouns+ noun
Verb + object pronouns
We invite you to online English courses via Skype!
If the article seemed very complicated to you, we suggest giving more attention your English by signing up for online courses English via Skype. We will help you understand what has remained incomprehensible since school, we will teach you to speak and love the English language!
It may seem that they are one and the same, but this is a deep delusion. We think that this is probably how it should be, because in the native language in two phrases different in meaning, the same word is used: “ his coat" and "meet his In the underground". But in English, two different kinds of pronouns are used here. Oh, how lucky we are with Russian!
Object and possessive pronouns in English. What is the difference?
Let's see what they look like first object and possessive pronouns in English.
If we pay attention to examples of possessive pronouns in English, we will see that they are found in tandem with nouns.
1. His father was very angry. “His father was very angry.
2. My pencil isn't broken. My pencil is not broken.
3. Where are their children? – Where are their children?
4. We want to see our results! We want to see our results!
5. Who is her husband? - Who is her husband?
6. What is your name? – What is your name? (literal translation)
The task of the so-called "object pronouns" to complement the verb (action), that is, to be an “object”. In other words, object and possessive pronouns in English perform different roles in a sentence.
Object pronouns in English table with examples
To sort out this confusion, nothing less than " object pronouns in English table with examples».
|
pronoun |
example |
translation |
|
Give this bag to me ! |
Give me that bag! |
|
|
He is willing to call you . |
He is ready to call you. |
|
|
Talk to him . |
Talk to him. |
|
|
I didn't see her yesterday. |
I didn't see her yesterday. |
|
|
They don't love us . |
They do not like us. |
|
|
Them |
I want to invite them to the party. |
I want to invite them to a party. |
|
Nobody is watching TV. turn it off! |
Nobody watches TV. Turn off His! |
Object pronouns in English table showed us that in this case we are not talking about expressing the belonging of an object to something or someone. In such sentences, we specify to whom or what the speaker's action is directed to. It turns out something like this.
Possessive pronouns + noun
Verb + object pronouns
We invite you to online English courses via Skype!
If the article seemed very difficult to you, we suggest that you pay more attention to your English by signing up for online english courses via skype. We will help you understand what has remained incomprehensible since school, we will teach you to speak and love the English language!
object pronouns
Pronouns in the objective case
When some action is directed to personal pronouns or there is a preposition in front of it, then we can no longer use the nominative case: I, he, she, etc. In this case, they must be put in the so-called object case. For example, you cannot say She loves he or Do you see I? All we need to do is memorize the object pronouns and use them correctly in a sentence. Let's put them in the form of a table.
| I-me you - you he - him she-her it - it we-us they - them |
me, me you, you him, him her, her him, him, her, her, this us, us them, them |
Examples:
Bring me the key - Bring me the key
Do you see him? - Do you see him?
It is for them - This is for them
Give it to her - Give it to her
Don't say: Do you see he? or It is for they.
Say it yourself in English:
This is for me?
They talk about us
Can you tell him that I'm waiting for him?
I can't live without her
As you can see, object pronouns are equivalent to Russian pronouns in different cases, except for the nominative. This topic is completely simple and does not require special deepening. However, there are special cases of using object pronouns. For example, when we need to use a pronoun in combination with the construction it´s ... .
It´s me - This is me
It´s him - This is him
Or if we want to use the pronoun not in a connected sentence, but separately. But this only applies to the pronoun me.
Who wants to ride a bicycle? - Who wants to ride a bike?
- Me - I
We like playing basketball - We love to play basketball
- Me too - Me too
However, if we want to use several pronouns at once that act as the subject, then these pronouns will only be in the nominative case.
You and I - You and I
He and she - He and she
Don't say: you and me (if it's the subject)
Exercises
Exercises
Exercise 1
Write the correct pronouns in the objective case
1.
Do you want to go to Spain with ... (I)?
2.
Where are you? I don't see ... (you);
3.
She doesn't listen to ... (he);
4. Tell ... (I) the truth;
5.
These dictionaries are very small. I don't need ...;
6.
Your parents know where your bicycle is. ask ... ;
7.
We don't know anything about ... (she);
8. Do you remember ... (we)?
Exercise 2
Answer the questions in the affirmative and then in the negative using object pronouns
1. Does she know you?
- ... ;
2. Do you live with them? - ... ;
3.
Does Pete read books about war? - ... ;
4.
Do your friends call you and your brother? - ... ;
5. Does Jack love Mary? - ... ;
6. Will you write to Patrick? - ... ;
7. Is she looking for a new job? - ... ;
8.
Do you remember your grandparents? - ... ;
9.
Does Mr. Smith teach you English? - ... ;
10.
Can you bring me the money, please? - ... .
Exercise 3
Translate the sentences into English
1. Do you believe me?
2. Look at her;
3.
Now we are waiting for them;
4. I hate him;
5.
Do you want to go with me?
6.
I do this only for you;
7.
Give me this book;
8.
Are you going to call him?
9.
I will never forget them;
10.
Jason thinks about her.
