The abundance of translated editions of puppet "notes" should not confuse those who are primarily interested in the history of Russian puppets and its representation in Russian books. Corpus of translated texts for children's reading received a long-term residence permit in Russian families from educated classes. Translations and retellings of puppet stories testify to the importance of objects and concepts that a fashionable doll brought with it to Russian life and leisure. culture XIX- the beginning of the 20th century. Deliberately emphasizing the foreign nature of the doll, its foreignness to Russian life, is nothing more than a polemical device, which contemporaries often resorted to, but which should not mislead researchers.

The last edition of the “doll notes” was published in the 1920s, after which the porcelain doll lost its status in Soviet literature for children. There were works about children of the new time and new toys, among which there was no place for a fashionable doll. But contrary to the ideological messages, industrial practices and the realities of life continued to live the dream of an expensive, beautiful and smartly dressed doll. How this childhood dream came true Soviet life and Stalinist culture (a children's book also belongs to its elements), is described in last section books.

The author of the first "puppet notes" was the French writer Louise Olney (Louise d'Aulnay, 1810-1891), who wrote under the pseudonym Julie Gouraud. Her book Memoires of a Doll (Mémoires d'une poupée) was published in France in 1839. The "doll's memoirs" became the same typical French "product" as the porcelain doll itself: they were translated, imitated, remade. In Germany, Memoirs of a Berlin Doll were published, and in England, Memoirs of a Doll, written on behalf of an English doll. Puppet "notes" were also successful in Russia: in 1841, the first Russian edition"Notes" ("Memorial notes of a doll. Stories for little girls taken from the French by V.K. Somogorov"), appeared five years later new translation books (Notes of a Doll / Translated from French by K.E. Olsky. St. Petersburg, 1846). A quarter of a century later, there was a surge of reprints of “notes” (Notes of a St. Petersburg Doll. St. Petersburg, 1872 (two editions); History of a Doll. M., 1878; Andreevskaya V. Notes of a Doll. St. Petersburg, 1898; she is. Doll Milochka and her girlfriends. St. Petersburg, 1911; Bulgakova E. From the doll's diary. M., 1908), culminating in the publication of doll "memoirs" in the 1920s.

When publishing "notes", Russian publishers did not consider it necessary to mention the name of the French writer. As a result of the hoax of authorship, the French doll and the French writer became like one person for the Russian reader. A similar hoax was played out by English and German publishers, placing two prefaces in their books: one on behalf of the publisher, and the other on behalf of the doll itself (and again without mentioning the name of the creator). This form of narration has not lost its charm even when young readers"Notes" grew up and wanted to re-read them to their children (new editions of "Notes" testified to this).

The attachment of the plot of the "notes" to the conditions of French life and the traditions of education did not prevent the popularity of L. Olney's books outside France. In everyday life and social life, Russian nobles were guided by European models. Similar in a decent society were the requirements of etiquette and behavior, as well as the norms of gender education. All-European types were also followed by doll manufacturers, and the toy itself was an international creation - porcelain heads were made in one country, fashionable clothes were borrowed from another, and the toy was sheathed in a third.

The first readers of the “doll notes” were children from the wealthy sections of French society (from families of aristocrats, wealthy merchants and high-ranking officials). Possession of an expensive toy served as a marker in this environment. material wealth and social status. Children 6-12 years old - in these age limits it’s decent for a girl to play with dolls - they met at children’s balls, name days and holidays, where they came with their toys. The restrictions imposed on girls by gender and age were redeemed by the freedom of communication among peers, the unity of interests, games and books. Adults encouraged this behavior. The traditions of the children's community were especially developed in France. The joint game of children was valued as highly as a conversation between adults, because in the process of playing girls gained secular experience and consolidated social contacts. “Little women's society”, as it was called in “doll's notes”, and L. Olney intended her publication (“little men” she dedicated other books that turned out to be less in demand).

"Notes of a Doll" is written in the tradition of French fiction publications. They were distinguished by plot novelty, a variety of narrative techniques and a slight opposition to educational dogmas and secular rules. What was the statement of the young heroine from the story of the Countess de Segur (nee Rostopchina) “The Adventures of Sonichka” worth: “I will try to improve, but obeying is such a bore!” Russian authors and publishers preferred to focus on German moralistic publications, sacrificing amusement in favor of edification. If the French style dominated fashion and entertainment, then it was necessary to educate children morally "in German." “Notes of a Doll” this tradition was pushed aside, not only in Russian publications for children, but also in German literature itself. Translator of "notes" into German became a popular writer Antonia von Cosmar (A. von Cosmar), she was also a publisher of fashion reviews ("Berliner Modenspiegel").

The genre of literary "notes" was also fashionable. Published on behalf of the great or small of this world, notes (memoirs) expressed a personal view of history and modernity, opened up what remained beyond the boundaries of the officially known. It could be "notes" of the real secular ladies or her imaginary maid, a famous writer or his learned cat - the position of the observer, located within the domestic, intimate space, was important. Such an observer of children's life in L. Olney's "notes" is a doll.

The story begins with a mother about to read "something special" to her daughters. She prefaces the reading with the words: "One smart doll learned to write and wrote her own notes." Such a fantastic assumption, expressed by an educated lady, is justified by the fact that the reading of the "notes" takes place during the Christmas holidays, with their atmosphere of celebration and play. The hoax ends at the end of the book with a discovery made by the girl who owns the doll: “Opening her desk, I found several small notebooks written so finely that I had to arm my eyes with a magnifying glass to read what was written. These notebooks are called: “Memorial notes of a doll”. Near them lay a feather from a hummingbird, on which the ink had dried.

It would seem that the narration on behalf of the doll is the same conventionality as the story on behalf of any other character. However, the puppet hoax in the eyes of children claimed plausibility. It is easy for someone who plays with a doll to believe in her ability to write. And so it happened when the "notes" saw the light. The discussion of their authorship in the children's reading circle was a real event. “Some, moreover, the majority, say that it is not Snezhana [doll's name. - M.K.] wrote these notes; others attribute them to their mother, still others finally say that he intervened here brownie; everywhere they only talk about Snezhana and her Memoirs. I had to dissuade too gullible readers who naively think that the doll is alive. “So I myself read the notes of some doll, but was she able to see and understand anything, but meanwhile she assured me in writing that she understands everything and sees everything. – Do you believe it? - Of course I believe. How can a doll write? - She was engaged in writing at night and hid her notes, written with a hummingbird pen, under her bed. - Do not believe these nonsense, my poor Liza, the doll's notes were written by some lady, for greater interest she called herself a doll, and under this name she gave out a book. “So you think the note writer wasn’t a real doll?” “Of course not real. Well, how can a lifeless doll made of wood, huskies and stuffed with bran, how can she reason, see, hear and write? It is noteworthy that the conversation about plausibility is conducted in a book called "Notes of a Donkey" by S. de Segur. The conventionality of narration on behalf of such a character was not questioned, but reasoning on behalf of a doll could mislead gullible lovers of puppet play.

Every girl in childhood had a favorite doll. A doll that you remember even as an adult girl. Do you have such a doll? Has she survived? Or lives only in your memories?

Ah, dolls! For girls, they are like living things. Real girlfriends! If the doll could speak, it could tell us a lot. Something that is sometimes hidden from our eyes. Indeed, in the game, girls lose their emotions and feelings, family relationships, pain and joy.

The protagonist of the book is the doll Milochka. The story is told from her perspective. From her words, we learn about the characters of the hostesses, about the feelings of the doll and its difficult fate.

The story begins with a store. From a cramped and dark box. The doll was bought as a gift for the girl Nate. At first, Nata was very upset, and even cried: the doll was not dressed. But beautiful. Mom convinced the girl that they were together a lot beautiful clothes. And so it happened. The doll received the name Milochka and beautiful outfits sewn by mother and daughter.

Nata took care of Milochka. She told her stories, kissed her on both cheeks, dressed her up. I took with me to visit and taught to write. Sweetie was happy! Everything was fine, until Nata knocked on the door poor woman, a carpenter's wife.

She came to Vera Andreevna, to Natasha's mother for help. She needed money because her husband was in the hospital. And Nata, with her sympathetic and kind heart, also wanted to help. But how? She has no money, only toys ... And Nata decided to arrange a lottery. Girlfriends convinced Nata to put Milochka in the number of prizes, otherwise no one will participate. Nate was sad to part with her beloved, but she also wanted to help. And she made up her mind. Nata really hoped that Milochka would be won by one of her relatives, and the doll would stay with her. But this did not happen. And Milochka moved to live with Mana.

How did Sweetie feel? Fear, bitterness and pride Natu. How will she live with her new owner? Will Manya also love her?

Thus began the adventures of the doll Milochka. Manya will not become the last mistress of the doll. Mila will visit Parasha, Sonya, Louise, will return to Sonya again, then she will live with Ninochka, she will be on the verge of death, but everything will end well!

Every girl has different character, and miscellaneous social status. Together with Mila we

learning to distinguish good from evil. Understand what is good and what is bad.

There are so many pressing issues covered in The Doll's Notebook!

This is love for people, compassion, humanity.

This is poverty and wealth.

Cruelty! Yes, not all mistresses of Milochka turned out to be gentle and kind, like Nata.

Theft, torment of conscience and remorse for what they have done.

Mercy and compassion, on the example of Natasha.

Blackmail! We can talk to the child about this after reading the book, and teach him to recognize such things and not give in to them.

Envy. Attitude towards people and towards things too.

Very good and interesting, informative book ^_^)

Evgenia 0

Advantages: original text the 1898 editions have been preserved, but the illustrations, unfortunately, are not. But in vain ... The illustrations from this book are too "clumsy". Disadvantages: The relation of the "blue blood" to the common class is depicted too idealistically. In reality, things were somewhat different. Commentary: The doll's adventures are presented in the first person. Good stories, but not in this performance.

Margo 0, Moscow

Pros: Great book for little girls, written with child psychology in mind. Teaches the right things. Gave to my niece New Year, girl 8 years old. I read it in two days. I liked it very much. The book is in a hard, bright cover, large letters, good pictures. Cons: Didn't notice. Comment: Thanks to the Ozon team for the timely delivery before New Year's Eve.

Glukhan Vladimir0, Simferopol

Pluses: A wonderful book for girls, in the evenings it is very good to read in the family circle. Cognitive and teach to speak beautifully, and a good attitude. Such books are very necessary for girls in childhood.

drogaleva olga, 43

Bought this book for my 9 year old daughter. She read it in one gulp. crazy interesting book. I advise everyone.

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