AT English language There are five types of questions:
I. General Question - General Question(for convenience of notation in further formulas, we denote this type of question by the letter T).
II. Alternative Question(question-choice).
III. Special Question Special Question
IV. Disjunctive question(question-request, declarative sentence + short question to him ( Question Tags)).
V. Question to the subject.
Characteristics of question types
I - applied to the whole offer, and it can be given short answer "yes" or "no":
Do you live in Kyiv? - Yes.
He is a student? - Not.
II - question-choice that cannot be answered with "yes" or "no" you have to choose an answer:
Do you live in Kyiv or Lvov? - I live in Kyiv.
Is he a student or a worker? - Student.
III - put to some single word(member) of the proposal(requires a specific answer). Based on this characteristic, we can put a question to the word - subject in the sentence, and this will also be a special question. But the construction of a question to the subject differs from the construction of all other special questions, so the question to the subject is taken out as an independent type of questions ( V).
Where do you live?
Who is he?
IV - corresponds to Russian questions - questions like "is not it?", "it's true?". These questions, as well as general questions, require an affirmative or negative answer, that is, the affirmation or denial of the thought expressed in the question.
I live in Kyiv, right?
He's not a student, is he?
V - to questions to the subject or to its definition short answers are usually given, which consist of the subject and the appropriate auxiliary verb in the required person, number, tense.
Who lives on Kiev? My sister does.
Building questions
1. The basis for constructing all types of questions(except the last one) is general question . There are two ways to construct a general question:
First way refers to all sentences whose predicate is any form of verbs "to be", "to have" or modal verbs (if included in compound predicate). The general question according to the first method is built according to the rule of the verb "to be".
Is not a student.
Is he a student?
I have read the book.
Have I read the book?
Second way applies to all other sentences (when the verbs listed above are not included in the predicate). The general question for the second method is built according to the formula:
Everyone knows this phrase without error, even those who cannot say anything else in English. It is taken as an example, a standard of a general question.
Using the substitution method according to this formula, you can put a general question to any sentence that fits the second method of constructing a question.
I live in Kiev.
Do I live in Kiev?
We lived in Kiev last year.
Did we live in Kiev last year?
He lives in Kiev.
Does he live in Kiev?
Having mastered the construction of the general question (which we T), we can proceed to the construction of all other questions.
2. An alternative question consists of a general question plus a choice given through the word "or" ("or").
Do you live in Kiev or in Lvov?
Briefly, this construction can be written as follows: T + "or".
3. A special question consists of a special word plus a general question.
Special questions are:
what- what, who
who- who
whose- whose, whose
where- where, where
when- when
why- why
which- which one, etc.
In all these special words the first two letters are common "wh", so the special question formula can be written as follows: "wh" + T
4. Separation questions consist of 2 parts: First part represents narration(declarative sentence) - affirmative or negative, a the second is a short general question for the first part (Question Tags), which consists of:
a) auxiliary (or modal) verb in the required form
b) subject (always in the form of a pronoun)
c) between the first and second parts always inverse relationship: if the 1st part is positive, then the 2nd is negative and vice versa.
The tag question formula: S, + start T.
I live in Kiev.
I live in Kiev, don't I?
My friend is a student, isn't he?
Examples of the use of tag questions are discussed in scene 11.
5. To build question to subject(or its definition) is needed in declarative sentence just replace the subject with question word who "who" or what "what", "which", whose "whose", which "which the". No more build changes.
Question words who, what, which usually agree with the verb-predicate in the 3rd person singular.
I live in Kiev?
Who lives in Kiev?
My friend is a student.
Who is a student?
5 types of questions in English are sometimes incomprehensible to pupils, students and all those who study English. Therefore, all types are considered here. interrogative sentences in English.
1. General Questions
The general question in English is the simplest. This is a question that provides either "yes" or "no" as an answer. That is the question, to get general information. Therefore, sometimes this question is called "yes / no question".
It is formed by moving an auxiliary verb or modal verb to the first position in a sentence. Full rule:
Auxiliary verb + subject + semantic verb+ addition
The auxiliary verb depends on what tense you want to ask:
Past Simple - Did
Present Simple - Do / Does
Future Simple - Shall / Will
Past Continuous - Was / Were
Present Continuous - Am / Is / Are
Future Continuous - Shall / Will
Past Perfect-Had
Present Perfect - Have/Has
Future Perfect - Shall / Will + goes after the subject auxiliary have
Past Perfect Continuous- Had + after the subject comes the auxiliary verb has been
Present Perfect Continuous - Have / Has + after the subject comes the auxiliary verb has been
Future Perfect Continuous - Shall / Will + after the subject comes auxiliary have verbs been
Future in the Past - Would
Answers to a general question can be either short (Yes / No + subject and auxiliary or modal verb) or complete. The time remains unchanged. examples:
Have you been to London? - Yes, I have (Yes, I have been to London). - Have you been to London? Yes (I was in London).
Did you buy this car? - Yes, I did (Yes, I bought this car). — Did you buy this car? — Yes (I bought this car).
Do they play football? - No, they do not (No, they do not play football). - They play football? No (they don't play football).
Could you do that? - No, I could not (No, I could not do that). - Could you do it? — No (no, I can do it).
2. Special Questions
A special question is a question to get additional information. This question always begins with an interrogative word (except for the interrogative words What and Who - they are used in questions to the subject).
The word order in special questions is the same as in general questions, with one exception: the auxiliary verb is preceded by an interrogative word. Examples:
What did you visit in Kyiv last time? — What are you in recent times visited in Kyiv?
Where do they go? — Where are they going?
How did you manage to get tickets? How did you manage to get tickets?
3. Question to the subject (Who ...? What ...?)
If there is a need to put a question to the subject, then use the interrogative words Who? and What?. The word order in the question is slightly changed from the previous two, since the subject itself is not used in relation to the subject. That is, the formula will be as follows:
Who / What + semantic verb + object
Who is he? - Who is he?
What is that? - What is it?
4. Alternative Questions
An alternative question involves two or more choices through the use of the word or. The word order in such a question is the same as in the general question.
Does she like coffee or tea? Does she like coffee or tea?
Did he buy motorbike or bicycle? Did he buy a motorcycle or a bicycle?
5. Questions with punctuation marks (Disjunctive Questions)
The dividing question is called so because it is divided into two parts by means of a coma. In the first part of the question there is a statement, and in the second - a question to this statement. The purpose of the disjunctive question is to test the veracity of the statement. These questions are often used in colloquial speech when the interlocutor "inadvertently" tries to find out some information based on the available facts.
Part 1 - part of the dividing question - this is a typical affirmative sentence with a typical word order in it: subject - verb - application.
Part 2 is an auxiliary verb in the tense indicated in part 1 and the subject. If we build a question from a statement, then there will be objections in part 2. If we build a question from negation, then there will be an affirmation.
Example:
You are playing tennis not you? You play tennis, don't you?
He goes to the gym, does not he? He goes to the gym, doesn't he?
Bill is not famous person, is he? Bill is not a known person, is he?
They have not been to Paris, have they? They haven't been to Paris, have they?
There are 5 types of questions in English. All types have common feature, is the word order, which is reversed. For comparison, let's look at examples. There are 5 types of questions in English.
- General question, to which you can only answer "yes" or "no":
Do you like movies? - Do you love movies?
- Special question, starting with a question word and requiring a more detailed answer:
Where did you go on holidays? - Where did you go on vacation?
- Separated question, whose "tail" is a construction translated into Russian as "isn't it?":
Harry went to that meeting, didn't he? - Harry went to the meeting, didn't he?
- Alternative question, implying the choice of an answer from the proposed options:
Is you book in English or in Russian? - Is your book in English or in Russian?
- Question to the subject differing in that it does not have an auxiliary verb:
Who wants to meet with them? - Who wants to meet them?
Let's take a closer look at the functions various types question.
General question
This question has reverse order words and the answer to this question will be “yes” or “no”. Also, this question can begin with auxiliary verbs and modal verbs. In order to correctly compose a question, you need to know the rules of education of all times.
Have you tried this new dish? - Have you tried this new dish?
Did you get a good mark? - Did you get a good grade?
Are you serious? - Are you serious?
Do you like cherry ice cream? - Do you like cherry ice cream?
Special question
The next type of question requires a detailed answer and can be asked to any member of the sentence. Word order in this type the question is also reversed, except that the question word comes first. ( Where, why, what, who, etc.)
Interrogative word + auxiliary verb + subject + semantic verb
Where did you travel last time? - Where did you travel last?
When will you visit your parents? - When will you visit your parents?
why are you so sad? - Why are you so sad?
Separated question
This type of question is used to clarify any information and express various emotions (surprise or doubt). This type of question consists of two parts, where the main sentence can be affirmative or negative, and the second part of the sentence will be the opposite of the first. It should be noted that for education this issue need to be well acquainted with grammar rules of all times.
Also, in the main part of the sentence, we retain the direct word order, and in the second - the reverse.
Subject + auxiliary verb + semantic verb + object + circumstance + (tail) auxiliary verb + subject
You haven't heard from him, have you? - You haven't heard of him, have you?
Lucy was busy, wasn't she? - Lucy was busy, wasn't she?
They went to the nightclub, didn't they? - They went to night club, is not it?
Alternative question
The next type of question in an answer involves a choice between two options. This type of question contains the word “ or". However, the word order is reversed.
Auxiliary verb + subject + semantic verb + object + or + object (adverb + or + circumstance)
Have you tried red or white wine? - Have you tried red or white wine?
Did you travel to Africa or Brazil? - Have you traveled to Africa or Brazil?
Do you think I should buy flowers or sweets for her? - Do you think I should buy flowers or sweets for her?
Question to the subject
The main difference of this type of question is that the word order in the sentence is direct, and this type of question begins with the words what(to inanimate noun) or who(to the animated one). It should be noted that in this type of question, we always refer the verb to the singular.
Lucy and Mary were at the Spanish class.
Who was at the Spanish class?
Who speaks Spanish?Lucy and Mary were in Spanish class.
Who was in the Spanish class?
Who speaks Spanish?
What/Who + semantic verb
What happened to her? - What happened to her?
Who invites candidates to the interview? - Who invites candidates for interviews?
To the question Compose 5 types of questions in English. given by the author dewdrop the best answer is five types:
Wh- questions or Special questions (questions to the subject);
General questions (general questions);
Disjunctive questions or otherwise question tags (separating questions);
Alternative questions (alternative questions);
Questions with prepositions at the end.
Wh- questions or Special questions (Special questions)
The first type is special questions, in English they sound Wh- questions or Special questions. Sometimes they are also called questions to the subject. A special question always begins with an interrogative word, for example, what, who, when, why, where (What? Who? When? Why? Where?).
When did you come home? (When you came home?)
Why don't you believe me? (Why you do not believe me?)
All of these questions begin with WH, which is why the special questions are called Wh- questions. interrogative words in this type of questions also include how, how much, how long (How? How much? How long?).
How much money should we pay? (How much money do we have to pay?)
If a special question begins with who / what, then the word order in the question is direct, since the interrogative word replaces the subject.
Who is your doctor? (Who is your doctor?)
In this case, who/what is treated as 3rd person singular. number.
If the interrogative word in a special question does not replace the subject, then an auxiliary verb is placed after it (do/does, will(shall), did, have/has, etc.).
Compare:
Who is standing there? (Who is standing there?)
Who did you talk to? (With whom did you talk?)
General questions
They are called general because the answer to such a question can be either “yes” or “no”.
The second name of the general questions is yes/no questions. A general question begins with an auxiliary verb. After that, the subject or subject of the statement, then the semantic verb. Minor members sentences come to an end.
Do you see me? (Can you see me?) - No, I don't.
Have you been there? (Were you there?) - Yes, I have.
Will you be here when I'm gone? (Will you be here when I leave?) - Yes, I will.
Thus, the answer to a general question contains "yes" or "no", and sometimes an auxiliary verb.
But! The verb to be in the present and past tense does not require auxiliary verbs.
Is he your friend? (Is he your friend?) - No, he isn't.
Disjunctive questions
The second name is question tags (questions with a tail). A tag is a kind of tail that is placed after the whole sentence. These questions are of the type denial - affirmation, and vice versa.
The second part of the sentence must correspond to what is included in the predicate.
You are ok, aren't you? (You're all right, aren't you?)
He knows my real name, doesn't he? (He knows my real name, doesn't he?)
These people don't know me, do they? (These people don't know me, do they?)
Tag or tail can be translated different ways. Mostly, possible translations: is not it? is not it? right? But in the Russian translation it is possible not to use the tail, inserting the word "because" in the middle of the sentence.
We are young, aren't we? (Are we young?)
The emphasis in such matters should fall on the second part.
Alternative questions (alternative questions)
A distinctive feature of such questions is the presence of the union "or" (or). This question cannot be answered in one word, it is necessary to make a choice.
Are you going to go there by plane or by car? (Are you going to get there by plane or by car?) - I'm going to go there by plane.
Is she your wife or not? (Is she your wife or not?) - She is my wife.
Questions with prepositions at the end
They could not be singled out in a separate category, but their compilation differs in some features.
Put the preposition at the end if the semantic verb has a special preposition. For example, to look for(look for something), look at (see
Marina Marina
(4407)
why did you give so much unnecessary information to a person ??? and why did you translate special questions as a question to the subject? this is a special question, and it can begin with the words how much, for example. in short, so much superfluous writing.
Every day we ask questions. For example, we often ask:
- How are you?
- What did you do yesterday?
Who will go to the store?
Are you going to the cafe or not?
Everyone who is learning English should know how questions are formed, because without them you will not be able to communicate. In English there is 5 types of questions.
In the article I I will explain how they differ from each other, when they are used and how they are formed.
Special questions in English
The word "special" means "designed exclusively for something." Accordingly, this question needed to find out the specific information you are interested in. Therefore, it is called special, that is, you want to clarify special information.
For example
Where are you going to rest?
We will find out specific information- the place where the person will go.
How to build a special question?
It is asked using the following question words:
- what - what,
- where - where,
- when - when
- who - who,
- why - why,
- how (much/often/long) - how (many/often/long).
A special question is built according to the scheme:
Interrogative word + auxiliary verb + actor+ action being taken?
Examples
Walkthrough
>> How to ask specific questions.
Question to the subject in English
The subject calls who or what the sentence is about.
In a survey, the subject is asked with the interrogative words who and what, which replace the character or object referred to in the sentence. For example
Who will pack your suitcase for you?
Therefore, we ask the question to the subject when we do not know who performed the action or has a sign.
How to construct a question to the subject?
The peculiarity of this question will be the order of words in the sentence. In this type of question, the word order never changes and goes as in affirmative proposal. The scheme of such a proposal would be as follows:
Who + action?
For example, we have an affirmative sentence
They played tennis.
They played tennis.
We just substitute the question word who instead of they.
Who played tennis?
Who played tennis?
In doing so, we imagine that who / what is a person in singular, about which in question(he she). Therefore, the sentence should be constructed as if in place of who/what costs he/she.
For example, we have an offer
They were in the car.
They were in the car.
When asked, we forget about they and represent he in its place, therefore, we replace were with was
Who were in the car?
Who was in the car?
Examples
Who likes to sing?
Who loves to sing?
What was in the box?
What was in the box?
Who is a doctor?
Who is the doctor?
Walkthrough:
>> How to build a question to the subject? .
Alternative questions in English
True to its name, this question involves an alternative, that is, the right to choose. Asking him we give the interlocutor two options to choose from.
Example
Will you fly to England or Germany?
In this matter, always there is a union or (or). The question itself is built as a general question, only at the end with our or we add a choice clause.
Scheme for constructing an alternative question:
Auxiliary verb + actor + action performed + ___ or ___?
Examples
Will they go to the park or to the cinema?
Will they go to the park or to the cinema?
Did buy apples or pears?
Did you buy apples or pears?
Does he work or study?
Is he working or studying?
Walkthrough:
>> How to build an alternative question correctly.
Separating questions in English
This type of question is also called a "tail question". A question expresses doubt or desire for confirmation of something.
For example
You've already packed your suitcase, haven't you?
It is divisive because consists of 2 parts, separated by a comma.
The first part is built as an affirmative or negative sentence with normal word order.
The second part (“tail”) looks like a short question. It consists of:
- auxiliary verb (depends on the time used in the first part);
- character (I, you, he, she, they, it, we, you) used in the first part.
We translate such a "tail" into Russian as "isn't it so" / "isn't it true."
1. If the first part of the sentence is affirmative, then the second part is negative.
Affirmative sentence + auxiliary verb + not (abbreviated) + character?
Examples
He called you yesterday didn't he?
He called you yesterday, didn't he?
They play tennis every weekend don't they?
They play tennis every weekend, don't they? Examples
So, we have analyzed all five types of questions in English. Now let's move on to practice.
Reinforcement task
Make 5 types of questions from the following affirmative sentences:
1. He went to school yesterday.
2. She gave me a phone.
3. We will read this book.
4. They bought a car.
5. She doesn't like to cook.
Leave your answers in the comments below the article.
