Today, dear reader, we will talk about the stone bridge in the village of Yam. Personally, I am in love with him, because he is a true masterpiece of engineering; it has everything: bold engineering solutions, grandeur, beauty.

Its predecessor since 1864 was a bridge built on the basis of engineer Gau's trusses, which in Russia began to be used in the construction of wooden bridges with early XIX century.

For a long time, a floating bridge operated on Pakhra. In particular, on August 2, 1838, the highest approved regulation of the Committee of Ministers "On the consideration of the trade route from Moscow to Kashira as belonging to the composition of state property." Moscow to Kashira, the floating bridge over the Pakhra River since 1797 was maintained by the peasants of this village assigned to the Bronnitsky Palace Horse Farm, who from 1812 received benefits from the treasury for 60 rubles, and from 1852 for 300 rubles. according to the HIGHLY approved regulation of the Committee of Ministers on June 9, 1836, it was allowed to give the aforementioned bridge, among 11 others, for a ten-year lease with the right to make some collection from those passing by. (PSZRI, ed. 2, vol. XIII, p. 43)

Even earlier, a ferry service operated on Pakhra.

The project of a stone bridge across Pakhra was developed by the famous engineer N.I. Melnikov, who specialized in the construction of bridges. The author of the project personally supervised the construction work. The commissioning of the new bridge was carried out in 1928 - on the four-year anniversary of the death of V. I. Lenin.
The Melnikov bridge is mentioned in textbooks and monographs, including foreign ones. It has a significant length and length of spans of vaults, as well as the flatness of vaults 1/6 - 1/7. This is the only bridge in Russia with such a record flatness of arches.

Interesting:
Melnikov's project was significantly influenced technique from the heritage of French designers Jean-Rodolphe Perrone and Paul Sejournet. Engineers suggest that Melnikov intended to repeat the unrealized project of Jean-Rodolphe Perrone - a bridge across the Neva, presented in 1781 to Empress Catherine II. By appearance the bridge in the Pit is similar to the design of the Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge by Academician I. V. Zholtovsky and Professor P. V. Shchusev, who participated in the competition in Moscow in 1921, while the arch of the boldly implemented middle span of the bridge is closest to the "Sezhurne arch".
To implement his project, Melnikov needed to straighten the riverbed in the construction zone: in this place there was a small bend of Pakhra, facing the village of Yam with its convex side. Before the construction of the bridge, the Ochakovo settlement was located on the left bank of Pakhra, a new channel of the straightened river passed through its territory.

Facts in numbers:
The total length of the bridge is 113.06 m.
Width of all vaults - 8.5 meters
Width of spans of extreme vaults - 25 meters
Span width of the middle vault - 35 meters
The width of the outer walls - 0.8 meters
The flatness of the vaults of the extreme spans - 1/6
The flatness of the middle arch - 1/7

The knives of the caissons of the bridge supports go eight meters below the horizon of the minimum water level in the river (low level), reach the mainland white stone slab. In other words, the bridge with its supports does not stand on the ground, but much deeper - on the limestone slab of the coal system.

The bridge has three spans in total. The vault of the central span has a record flatness of 1/7. The vaults of the spans rest on two massive bulls with powerful ice cutters. The body of the bridge is not monolithic, for example, the internal volume of the central span is divided by three longitudinal brick walls 0.4 meters wide, and there are also four transverse diaphragm walls. The internal walls have archways for free movement during scheduled inspections during the operation of the bridge.

Brick, white stone, gray granite, rubble concrete, reinforced concrete were used in the construction of different parts of the bridge.

The main decoration of the bridge can be considered its facades, finished with noble red quartzite. Also, initially the bridge was decorated with a parapet, which had forked merlons, as if stepping over from the Kremlin walls. During the reconstruction, they were replaced with metal bars.

Engineer Melnikov succeeded in literate technical solutions, without any special embellishments and frills, to create an extremely elegant a stone bridge, which could become a real decoration of any big city, including capitals.

I think for many it will be a discovery that in 1998 we almost lost Melnikov's brainchild. By that time, the bridge, located on the rather busy Starokashirskoye Highway, had completely exhausted its capabilities in terms of traffic intensity and load, and it required major repairs, which had never been carried out since construction. At overhaul customers planned to completely rebuild it, but, fortunately, it was decided to keep such a prominent example of engineering.

Photo: 1-2. Project by I. V. Zholtovsky and P. V. Shchusev. 3. One of the bulls of the bridge. 4. Ice cutter of one of the bulls of the bridge. 5. Gray granite was used in the arches of the spans. 6-8. Finishing of facades with red quartzite. 9. Paraped bridge with merlons before reconstruction.

I am looking for information about the Nikitin family from the village of Novoe Syanovo, Domodedovo district, Moscow province, their ancestors from Novlinsky, Beleutovo and surrounding villages.

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Regional sites and forums for the Podolsky district of the Moscow province

Territorial affiliation and history of the area

• Archaeologists have revealed the most ancient cultural monuments bronze age relating to the second millennium BC. These are barrowless burial grounds located on the high banks of the rivers of the Moscow land, the so-called Fatyanovo culture. The early Iron Age (beginning of the 1st millennium BC - 5th century AD) includes ancient settlements (places of human settlement) - archaeological monuments of the Dyakovo culture. One of the oldest human sites in the area security zone The nature reserve near the Syanovsky forest park dates back to the 5th century BC. Scientists attribute these settlers to the Finno-Ugric tribes of the Dyakovo culture.
• The first settlements of the Slavs - Vyatichi on Domodedovo land date back to the 8th-9th centuries. Vyatichi on the banks of Rozhai and Pakhra remained free community members longer than others, not subject to princely tributaries. Domodedovo Vyatichi were friendly, but also warlike people. In the 11th and first half of the 12th century. Moscow Vyatichi still kept tribal system, tribal life and pagan rites, even adopting Christianity, i.e. lived in a primitive communal system.
• Only in the middle of the 12th century. Moscow Vyatichi became part of the Great Rostov-Suzdal Principality. Mined in adits near the villages of Syanovo and Novlinskoye, the stone began to be used to build the walls of such architectural masterpieces of the principality as the Transfiguration Cathedral in Pereyaslavl-Zalessky (1152-1157), Uspensky (1158-1160) and Dmitrovsky (1194-1197). .d.) cathedrals in Vladimir, the one-domed Church of the Intercession on the Nerl (1165), the castle fortifications and the cathedral in the residence of Andrei Bogolyubsky in the village of Bogolyubovo (XII century); and in the thirteenth century - Cathedral of the Nativity of the Virgin in Suzdal (1222-1225), St. George's Cathedral in Yuryev-Polsky (1230-1234). From the second half of the XIII century. main consumer white stone becomes Moscow. White stone Kremlin in size it was close to modern, its towers and gates were erected almost in the same places where they still stand today.
• When the Muscovite princes received grand princely power, the responsibility for paying tribute to the khans of the Golden Horde from the whole great reign and the obligation to maintain constant contact with it fell heavily on them. To receive various "agents" of the khan's power, the Moscow princes created pit settlements and kept a large number of coachmen, cart workers, charioteers, saddlers and others business people. The Kashirsky tract began at the Kotlov and passed through the Florovsky Pit, the inhabitants of which were obliged as a duty to provide carts for princely and state needs, to maintain order on the road.
• According to Garin’s book, “In the records of the Simonov Monastery for 1494, it is noted that the minor owner of the lands of the devastated village of Korobovo, Fyodor Neplyuy, handed over a charter to the land to the local landowner Grigory Syanov with the condition that he would call people to that land. But, since "robbery and tatba were great," Gregory failed to fulfill this condition. Under the heirs of Gregory, the Church of the Assumption was erected here, and the village was also called Assumption. In another book it is written that the first mention of the village of Syanov in Pakhra, which belonged to Gavril Syanov, dates back to 1435 (later it is the village of Staroye Syanovo) ( Pospelov E.M. place names Moscow region. 2008). According to another, Old and New Syanovo have been known since the 15th century, the names were given by the name of Elka Syanov, who lived here in the 15th century, who is mentioned in the annals as the main arbiter in land litigations of that time. Here stood the Church of the Assumption. During the Lithuanian invasion at the beginning of the 17th century, the church burned down and was not restored. According to legend, the domes of the church spread a golden glow throughout the area, which gave rise to the second version of the origin of the name Syanovo.
• On Domodedovo land in the first quarter of the fifteenth century there was the Principality of Przemysl with the famous camp "Rastovets". In 1462, it was annexed to the Moscow principality, becoming the Przemysl volost.
• The village of Beleutovo has been documented since the 14th century. The name was given by the name of the owner, Alexander Andreevich Belout. Later, the village was listed as the property of the sovereign.
• Since the middle of the 16th century, these places have been part of Domodedovo Volost. Here for a long time to the vast and rich meadows in summer time whole herds of Nogai horses, herds of Little Russian oxen, flocks of Russian and Horde sheep were brought for fattening. Hay and straw were prepared here for the royal stables. Even under Ivan the Terrible, the old stable Domodedovo volost was identified as one of the places where the guardsmen's horses were kept. In the XVI century. here was the village of Pakhorsky Yam, in which twenty families of coachmen lived, but at the end of the century eighteen households were relocated to Moscow, to the Kolomenskaya Yamskaya settlement, located next to the Danilov Monastery. The first mention of the village of Yam in documents dates back to 1543.
• According to church division - Domodedovo and settlements along the Kashirskaya road from the 16th century. referred to Pekhryanskaya tithe Moscow district.
• In 1541-42, the village of Syanovo with the villages surrounding it went under the deed of purchase to the Nikolo-Ugreshsky Monastery. (RGADA, f. 1209, Columns in Moscow No. 288/32750, sheets 3-5.).
• According to the data of 1646, there were 14 peasant households and 33 male residents in Beleutovo.
• According to the receipt books of the Patriarchal State Order for 1628, it says "The Church of Flora and Laurus in the sovereign's palace village on the Old Pit, on the Kashirskaya road." Among her parishioners were residents of the palace villages of Pavlovskaya and Beleutov, the villages of Gorki Upper and Gorki Lower, the villages of Staroe and Novoe Syanovo of the Nikolo-Ugreshsky Monastery and the village of Pakhrino, which belonged to Prince A. M. Lvov.
• According to the administrative-territorial division of the XVII century Domodedovo volost (stable) was part of the Zaretsk half (western part of the Moscow district). According to the census of 1627-28. in the village of Yamskaya there were only two coachmen's yards, but the land, mostly meadows, remained with the coachmen. There was no bridge across the Pakhra then, but the ferry worked. Volosts were brought into villages and villages peasant families not only from the nearby Khatun, Myachkovskaya, Kuntsevo palace volosts, but from the Nizhny Novgorod, Vladimir and Kostroma districts.
• Settlements along the Kashirskaya road were part of Ratuev Stan. Yam was in Ratuev Stan, Pakhrino and Novlinskaya in Zhdansky Stan (RGADA, f. 1209, from 1, file 689. No. 41)
• In the second half of the XVII century. the villages of Pakhrino, the villages of Kamkino, Kiselikha, Novlinskaya were included in the structure of the Domodedovo volost.
• In the 17th century, the current village of Yam was called Pakhra: the village of Pakhra on the Old Yamu, the village of Pakhra on the Pakhra River. It was at the intersection of the Bolshaya Kashirskaya road with the Pakhra river that this ancient village arose with a resting place for coachmen, inns and stables. It is interesting that the old name Pakhra is mentioned even in the book of 1913 (“the village of Pakhra, also called Starofrolovskiy Yam”).
• Tsar Fyodor Alekseevich Romanov loved to rest in Pakhrino, the Palace estate. Now the village of Pakhrino does not exist, approximately at this place is New Syanovo. Archaeological excavations have led to a find that is considered the remains of the royal court.
• In 1706, the volost passed into the patrimony of Alexander Danilovich Menshikov, who owned it for more than twenty years. In total, in the volost, according to the house books of 1709, Menshikov had 807 households with 6190 inhabitants, including Syanovo, Novlinskoye and Beleutovo. In other years, the area belonged to the Palace Department.
• The Moscow province was formed on December 18, 1708.
• Domodedovo and Ermolinsk volosts were renamed into Pakhrin parish in the middle of the 18th century.
• ?Novosyanovo is part of the former palace village of Pakhrino. on the plan General Survey The 18th century New Village on the other side of the Pakhra is the modern New Syanovo. There are no buildings on the cape yet.
• Since 1782 - in the composition Nikitsky district Moscow province. Nikitsky uyezd existed until 1796. Administrative center- the city of Nikitsk (the village of Kolychevo). After the abolition of the Nikitsky district by Paul the First in 1796, it became a provincial town. Then, after the reforms of Alexander the First, it lost the status of a provincial town and began to be called by its former name - the village of Kolychev.
• Since 1796 - in the composition Podolsky district Moscow province
• In 1812, the main Russian units passed through here, and then the French. The inhabitants hid in the forests and quarries, and then until December they collected the corpses of people and horses around the district and burned them at the stake.
• New Syanovo - ... 1830-1840 Zaborskaya volost, 1840-1868 Dobryatinskaya volost, since 1869 Domodedovo, In the middle of the 19th century: Nikolskaya - Stanislavskaya volost, Beleutovo, Novlinskaya, Yakovleva - Domodedovo volost
• The Gorki estate belonged to the Savior family for several centuries. In the latest quarter XVIII century in the village of Vyshnye Gorki, M. A. Spassiteleva built a residential complex in brick and laid out a regular garden. When ownership was transferred to the Durasovs at the turn of the 18th-19th centuries, the building of the estate was completely renovated. The estate often changed owners, passed from hand to hand. Since the winter of 1921-22. and until his death, V. I. Lenin lived here. After Lenin's death, the estate was occupied until 1949 by the family of his brother Dmitry Ilyich. Now it is a museum-reserve "Gorki Leninskie".
• Before the construction of the railways, Yam lay on a large horse-drawn trade route called "Kashirki". Carriages with bread went along this route to Moscow from Yelets, through Venev - Kashira - Pakhra and from Kozlov, through Ryazan - Zaraysk. The village was of great commercial importance. With the construction of railways, the trade route was closed, goods, instead of horse-drawn delivery, went by rail. The closure of the horse-drawn tract caused damage to the village, reduced the liveliness and significance of the village. ( "Ryazan-Ural railway and its region" 1913) . Kashirka initially started at Zatsepa, passed through the Bolshoi ravine to the Frolovskiy Yam in Pakhra, then to Shebantsevo, Kupchinino, Knyazevo and Kashira. Merchants from Orel, Tula, Yelets and other cities drove herds of cattle and small cattle to Moscow along the old Kashirsky tract. In 1765, for example, 28,453 heads of cattle passed through it.
• In the middle of the 19th century, the Pakhra Volost administration was transferred to the village of Stary Yam in the early thirties, but it still long time continued to work in the same vein, and the volost itself again became known as Domodedovo. Beleutovo was part of the Domodedovo volost of the Podolsk district. But until 1868, part of the territories, including Novoe Syanovo, belonged to the Dobryatinsky volost. Since when and the size of the territory is still unclear.
• At the end of the 19th century, the population of the region was reluctant to engage in agriculture, preferring crafts, transportation and work in factories and factories of the district and Moscow. In the Staro-Frolovsky Pit, a brick factory of the peasant Fyodor Vasilyevich Nedonoskov (8 workers) worked, in Gorki - the merchant Nikolai Osipovich Sushkin. (Memorial book of the Moscow province 1890). In the village of Novo-Syanovo - the factory of buta and marble of the merchant Vasily Nikolaevich Rakhmanov (14 people), the village of Novlinskaya 0 the factory of buta and marble of the peasant Vasily Tarasovich Lapshin (14 people) () Since 1906, the Porcelain Flower Products Factory C .Ya. Zhukova (97 employees in 1912) (Memorial book of the Moscow province, 1912). Later, a similar production was opened by Mityukov.
• In 1898, the merchants, the Gerasimov brothers, obtained permission to build a platform with a station room for 28 seats two versts from their property, spending 150 gold rubles on the construction and calling it Gerasimovo. In 1924, after the death of V.I. Lenin, the platform was renamed Leninskaya.
• Staro-Frolovsky village council arose in the early years Soviet power arose. In 1920, the Staro-Frolovsky s / s was renamed the Yamskoy village council. In 1926, the Yamskaya s / s was renamed Staro-Yamskaya s / s, but in 1927 it was renamed back. In 1929, the Yamskoy s / s was assigned to the Podolsky district of the Moscow district of the Moscow region. On June 14, 1954, the Syanovsky village council was attached to the Yamsky s / s. On February 1, 1963, the Podolsky district was abolished and the Yamskoy s / s entered the Leninsky rural area. On January 11, 1965, the Yamskoy s/s was transferred to the restored Podolsky district. On May 13, 1969, the Yamskoy s/s was transferred to the new Domodedovo district.
• Domodedovo district, formed in 1969 by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, included most Podolsky and Mikhnevsky districts. Since 2005 - this area is part of the Yamsky administrative district as part of the urban district of Domodedovo
• Gorki Leninsky is currently part of the Leninsky district of the Moscow region.
• The village of Yakovlevo (formerly the Sukhanovskaya volost) is currently part of the Strelkovskoye Rural Settlement

Locations: New Syanovo

Locations: Pakhrino

Places: Old Syanovo

Locations: Novlinskoe

Location: Beleutovo

Locations: Yakovlevo

Locations: Staro-Nikolskoe

The determinant of the parishes of the Domodedovo volost

Parish of St. Nicholas Church Domodedovo

• Domod dovo village. Nicholas Church 1852 - Village of the Yard Department, peasants 410 souls, 411 women, 93 yards. 1874 arrival of 309 households. 1913 - 126 households.
• Included villages of other volosts

Parish of the Trinity Church in Pakhrino(Deanery of the Znamenskaya Church in the village of Zakharyina).

• Pakhrino village. Trinity Church (Deanery of the Znamenskaya Church in the village of Zakharyina). The church was built in 1677. 1852 - Village of the 2nd camp of the Stable Department, 45 souls, m.p., 48 women. 1874 parish 49 households. 1913 - 3 yards.
• Syanovo Staroe village (partially Floro-Lavra parish) 1852 - Village of the 2nd camp of the specific department, 109 souls, mp, 110 women, 27 yards. 1913 - 27 yards.
• Syanovo New village 1852 - Village of the 2nd camp of the Specific Department, 101 souls, mp, 105 women, 30 households. 1913 - 38 yards

Parish of the Floro-Lavra Church in the village of Stary Yam(Deanery of the Znamenskaya church in the village of Zakharyina)

• Staro-Frolovsky Yam (Old Yam) village. Floro-Lavrskaya (Deanery of the Znamenskaya church in the village of Zakharyina). Church built in 1791 1852 - Starofrolovskoyam, village 2 camp, Palace department. 1874 arrival of 254 households. 1913 - 136 households.
• Pavlovskaya (Pavlovskoye) village 1852 - Village of the 2nd camp, Palace department, 399 souls, m.p., 408 women .. 1913 - 89 households
• B%loutovo village 1852 - (B%lyautova) Village of the 2nd camp, Palace department, 285 souls, mp, 294 women, 33 yards. 1913 - 68 yards
• partly Old Syanovo
• Villages of the neighboring Sukhanovskaya volost, including Gorki, Pavlovskaya, Vasilyevskaya

Parish of the Kazan Church in the village of Bogorodskoye(Deanery of the Znamenskaya church in the village of Zakharyina)

• Kazanskoe (Bogorodskoe) village. Kazan Church built in 1700. 1874 parish 191 yard http://temples.ru/card.php?ID=2633. 1913 - 22 yards.
• Grigorchikovo der. (H% Mchinova) 1913 -13 yards.
• Prudki (Prudkovskaya) der. 1913 - 65 yards
• R%dkino village 1913 - 20 yards
• Savrasovo Small village 1913 - 12 yards
• Savrasovo Big village 1913 - 25 yards
• Yusupovo Big village 1913 - 35 households, the estate of A.K. Matveev
• Yusupovo Small village 1913 - 39 yards

Parish of the Resurrection Church in the village of Kolychevo(Deanery of the Znamenskaya Church in the village of Zakharyina).

• Kolychevo village. 1913 - 45 yards. Church of the Resurrection (Deanery of the Znamenskaya Church in the village of Zakharyina). The church was built in 1697. 1874 parish 252 yards
• Vojvodina der. 1913 - 23 courtyards, the estate of E.P. Alekseeva.
• Vyalkovo der. 1913 - 26 yards
• Zherebyatevo der. 1913 - 16 yards
• Kamkino der. 1913 - 36 yards
• Kiselikha der. 1913 - 27 yards.
• Kotlyakovo der. 1913 - 23 yards
• Krasino der. 1913 - 18 yards.
• Novlinskaya der. 1913 - 53 yards
• Semivrag der. 1913 - 69 yards
• Tatar (Sumarokovo) village. 1913 - 13 yards, estates of P.S. Karamzin, M.T. Fon-Veren
• Churilkovo der. 1913 - 42 yards
• Shestovo village 1913 - 41 yards
• Shishkino der. 1913 - 18 yards

Other parishes

• Novlyanskaya der. 1913 - 83 yards - the arrival of the Georgievsky churchyard of the Ruza district
• Fence der. 1913 - 102 yards - the parish of the village of Bityagovo (Temple of the Resurrection of the Word) of another volost

Sources:

1. Map of the Podolsky district with the borders of volosts and parishes

Sources genealogical information in the Podolsk district of the Moscow province

• CIAM - below
• RGIA Fund number 577 Name MAIN REPURCHASE INSTITUTION OF MF Abbreviated name Main REPURCHASE OFFICE OF MF Cases on the redemption of land plots by temporarily liable peasants.
  Moscow province. (op. 20)
• Index of villages and residents of districts of the Moscow province. Moscow, 1852 Download
• Spravoch_kniga_Moskva_1890_opisanie_uezdov.pdf Download
• [Newspaper] Moskovsky V?domosti / Moskovskie Vedomosti Updated 04.11.2016 Torrent
• [Newspaper] Moskovsky V? domosti / Moskovskie Vedomosti Torrent
• It is convenient to search by Garin's book
• Project "Voenkomat" (Podolsky) And also here:
  • PODILSKY SPECIAL CAMP (SPECIAL CHECK CAMP AFTER STAY INCAPTURE AND ENVIRONMENT) - see Information
  • Podilsk draft board - see Information

CIAM funds for the Domodedovo volost (in the process of compilation)

• F.42. Podolsky city magistrate 1813-1867
• f. 51 Inventory 8 Revision tales
  • 43 Podolsk district 6 revision landowners M-Yu 1811 =SF=
  • d.44 Podolsky district 6 revision landowners A-L 1811 =SF=
  • d.346 Podolsk district 9 revision landowners A-G =SF=
  • d.349 Podolsk district 9 audit landowners П-С =SF=
  • d.352 Podolsky district 9 revision peasants of the factory Domodedovo volost =SF=
  • d.353 Podolsky district 9 audit clergymen and clergymen of the county =SF = EFP =
  • 354 Podolsky district 9 revision landowners D-K=SF=
  • house 355 Podolsky district 9 audit landowners T-Ya
  • house 356 Podolsky district 9 audit landowners L-O
  • d.602 Podolsky district 9 revision landowners K-R =SF=
  • house 604 Podolsk district 9 audit landowners R-Y
  • house 605 Podolsky district 9 revision landowners A-K=SF=
  • d.606 Podolsky district 9 revision Peasants of the household department of the Domodedovo volost of Podolsky district
  • d.888 Podolsky district 10 revision Peasants of the household department of the Domodedovo volost of Podolsky district
  • d.889 Podolsk district 10 revision landowners A-K =SF=
  • house 891 Podolsky district 10 revision landowners L-P=SF=
  • house 893 Podolsky district 10 revision Landowners R-Y
• f. 63 Inventory 3 File 204 Information about the call of recruits in the Podolsk district in 1914
• F.102. Podolsky district court 1795-1866
• F.192. Podolsk district zemstvo council 1886-1918
• f. 184 Inventory 12
  • e.30zh Family lists and household censuses for Domodedovo, Shchebantsevskaya and Dobryatinskaya volosts of Podolsky district. 1869
  • d.962 Alphabetical book of policyholders for the Podolsk district 1908-1918
  • d.1923 The book of household surveys of peasant farms in different volosts of Podolsky district. 1880
  • d.1928 The book of household surveys of peasant farms in different volosts of Podolsky district. 1880,. 133 l.
    f. 199. Inventory 2.
• d. 481 Census sheets of the Podolsky district 1897 =OTs=
• d. 658 Lists of landowners of the Podolsky district =SF=
• Fund 203 Moscow Spiritual Conquistory
  • Inventory 747 Confessional paintings of churches in Moscow and the Moscow province
    • house 1361 IR of Podolsky district, 1839
    • house 1362 IR of Podolsky district, 1839
    • file 1604 IR of Podolsk and Podolsk district, 1850
    • file 1605 IR of Podolsk and Podolsky district, 1850
    • d.1708 IR Podolsk district, 1855
    • d.1709 IR Podolsky district, 1855
    • d.1811 IR Podolsky district, 1860
    • file 1830 IR of Podolsk and Podolsk district, 1861
    • file 1849 IR Podolsk district, 1862
    • file 1869 IR of Podolsk and Podolsk district, 1863 =SF= (film 21 - Stary Yam)
    • d.1889 IR of Podolsk and Podolsk district, 1864
    • d.1909 IR of Podolsk and Podolsk district, 1865 =SF=
  • Inventory 780 Metric books
    • d.2764 - 1891 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • d.2775 - 1892 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • d.2793 - 1893 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • d.2791 - 1894 Registers of births of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • d.2812 - 1895 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • d.2821 - 1896 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam) viewed
    • d.2829 - 1897 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam) viewed
    • d.2838 - 1898 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • d.2850 - 1899 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam) viewed
    • d.2855 - 1900 Registers of births of St. Flora and Lavr (Stary Yam village) (film 2 - Old Yam birth, marriage,
    • film 3 - Old Yam marriage, death) viewed
    • d.
    • d.3420 - 1902 Registers of births of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • d.1490 - 1903 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • 3434 - 1904 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • d.3446 - 1905 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • d.3711 - 1906 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • d.3722 - 1907 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • d.3854 - 1908 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • 3972 - 1909. Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • d.4096 - 1910 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • d.4229 - 1911 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • d.4366 - 1912 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • d.4508 - 1913 Registers of St. Flora and Lavra (v. Stary Yam)
    • 4959 - 1914-1917 Registers of births of St. Flora and Lavr (Stary Yam village) =SF = (film No. 3 born in 1914, No. 4 1914 marriages, deaths, 1915 births No. 5 1915 marriages, deaths, 1916 births, No. 6 1916 births, deaths, marriages, film No. 7 - 1917 births, marriages, No. 8 - 1917 deaths) viewed
• F.393. Office of the Podolsky marshal of the nobility 1812-1853
• F.484 Podolsk district police department 1877-1907
• F.526. Podolsk sewing machine plant of the joint-stock company "Singer and Company" 1897-1917
• F.560. Podolsky zemstvo court 1814-1858
• F.599. Podolsk city public administration 1873-1876, 1917
• F.604. Podolsk spiritual board. inventory 1 "Metric books of the churches of the Podolsk district of 1780-1918"
  • 134 - Revision tales about the spiritual at the churches of the city of Podolsk and the district of 1816
• F.936. Podolsky Optical Plant 1910-1917
• F.1072. Podolsk Orphan's Court 1883
• F.1237 Podolsk district for elections in State Duma Commission 1-2 convocations 1905-1906
• F.1318. Podolsk district noble guardianship 1824-1884
• F.1554 State Central Savings Bank No. 173 under the Podolsk Treasury 1899-1919
• F.1657. Podolsky district congress
• F.1801. Podolsky city headman 1859
• F.2140. Office of the mediator Podolsk district 1841-1847
• F.2143. Podolsk district land management commission
• F.2192. Churches of the Podolsky district of the Moscow province 1814-1908. inventory 1 "Metric books 1814-1918"
• f. 2336. Inventory 10. Lists of voters of the Podolsky district in the county zemstvo
  • 66 B.Yusupovo, Voevodino, B.Savrasovo, Beleutovo
  • d.67 Vyalkovo, Vasyunino, Voevodino
  • d.71 Kolychevo, Kotlyakovo, Krasino, Kiselino
  • 72 Malaya Yusupova, Malaya Savrasova
  • d.73 Novlinskoe, Novlyanskoe, Novo-syanovo
  • d.74 Pavlovskoe, Prudki
  • 75 Redkino, Razbegaevka, Ryabushkin ravine quarry
  • 77 Old Syanovo
  • 78 Staro-Frolovsky Pit
• F.2283 Tax inspector of the Podolsk district 1896-1918

Archive of the Moscow Region

• F.2510 op.1 Acts of registration of volost registry offices and rural registry offices of the Domodedovo volost
  • D. 186 - births, marriages, deaths 1918 (50l)
  • D. 187 - born 1918-1920 (309l)
  • D. 188 - death 1918 (52l)
  • D. 511 - death 1919 (238l)
  • D. 953 - born 1920-1921 (363l)
  • D. 954 - marriages 1920 (22l)
  • D. 955 - death 1920 (109l)
  • D. 1988 - born 1922-1923 (672 years old)
  • D. 1989 - marriages 1922 (101l)
  • D. 1990 - death 1922 (138l)
  • D. 2560 - marriages 1923 (97l)
  • D. 2561 - death 1923 (161l)
  • D. 3208 - born 1924 (434l)
  • D. 3209 - marriages 1924 (107l)
  • D. 3210 - death 1924 (213l)
  • D. 3767 - born in 1925 (429l)
  • D. 3768 - marriages 1925 (71l)
  • D. 3769 - death 1925 (143l)
  • D. 4608 - born 1926 (373l)
  • D. 4609 - marriages 1926 (116l)
  • D. 4610 - divorces 1926-1927 (30l)
  • D. 4611 - death 1926 (109l)
  • D. 5372 - born 1927 (512l)
  • D. 5373 - marriages 1927 (99l)
  • D. 5374 - death 1927 (177l)
  • D. 6252 - born 1928 (388l)
  • D. 6253 - marriages 1928 (101l)
  • D. 6254 - divorces 1828 (46l)
  • D. 6255 - death 1828 (193 l)

RGADA funds

1. Fund 350. DESCRIPTION 1:
   1. 248 1-649 pp. 1709 Census book of clergy, coachmen and landlord peasants of Chernoy, Sosensky, Tarakmanov, Lukomsky, Zhdansky, Luzhetsky Stans, Przemyslsky, Zamytsky, Konopelsky, Tukhachevskaya, Khatunskaya, Domodedovo, Ermolinskaya volosts of the Moscow district. The census data of 1678 and 1709 are compared. Geographical and nominal alphabet (ll. 1-18).
   2. 249 1-21, 1-517 pp. 1709 Census book of clergymen and landlord peasants of Setunsky, Medvensky, Vyazemsky, Gogolev, Shakhov, Molotsky, Ratuev Stans, Rastov volost of Moscow district. (list). The data of the 1678 and 1704 censuses are compared. Nominal and geographical alphabet (ll. 1-21).
   3. 250 1-490 pp. 1710 Tales of landowners, palace, patriarchal, clergy peasants, tales of coachmen from Dorogomilovskaya and Berezhkovskaya settlements? keepers of quitrent mills of Setunsky, Medvensky, Vyazemsky, Gogolev, Shakhov, Molotsky, Ratuev mills and Rastovsky volost of Moscow district.
   4. 254 1-603 pp. 1710. Tales of landowners, patriarchs, bishops, clergy, merchant (guests) peasants, tales of clergymen, coachmen of Chernoy, Sosensky, Tarakmanov, Lukomsky, Zhdanovsky, Luzhitsky camps, Przemyslsky, Zamytsky, Khotunsky, Domodedovo, Tukhachevskaya volosts of the Moscow district.
   5. 255 1-387 pp. 1710 Census book of clergy, landlords and / palace / peasants of Khatun, Domodedovo, Peremyshl, Zamytskaya volosts of the Moscow district.
   6. 261 1-390 pp. 1715-1716 Census book of clergymen and monastic peasants of Ratuev, Molotsky, Zamytsky, Shakhov, Gogolev, Zhdanovsky, Tukhachevsky camps of Perekheshl, Khotun volosts of Moscow region.
2. Fund 350. DESCRIPTION 2:
   1. 1802. pp. 1-361 1722-1726 1. Tales of the townspeople of Barashevskaya, Luzhnitskaya, Koshelskaya, Sadovaya, Novaya Sloboda of Moscow. Tales of capital, hidden, profitable, waning landlord peasants Goretov, Manat'in, Bykov, Korovin, Ratuev, Bokhov Stans of the Moscow District.
      Materials of the Office of the certificate of inclusion and exclusion from the capitation salary, interrogations of fugitives, etc.
   2. 1805.1-? ll. 1722-1725 Tales of profit, loss, capital, hidden landlord peasants Domodedovo, Ermolinskaya, Myachkovskaya volosts, Ratuev, Manatin, Bykov, Korovin, Goretov, Surozh, Bokhov camps of the Moscow district.
      Listing list (ll. 35-36). Documents of the Office of the certificate: promemoria on inclusion and exclusion from the capitation salary, copies of passports issued to recruits, receipts for fugitive peasants, etc.
   3. 1816. pp. 1-1095 1722-1727 Census book of landowners, monasteries, palace peasants, clergymen, coachmen of Moscow, Shakhov, Molotsky, Rattsev, Zhdansky Stans, Khatunskaya, Zamytskaya, Peremyshlskaya, Domodedovo, Ermolinskaya, Myachkovskaya, Tukhachevskaya, Gzhelskaya, Salizhskaya, Ramenskaya, Rostov Moscow region.
   4. 1817. 2-571 pp. (1722-1727) Census book of landowners, monastic peasants of Bokhov, Zamytsky, Radonezhsky and Beli, Sherensky, Obyevzhye, Ratuev, Koshelev, Kamensky Stans and Vokhonsky volost of Moscow district.
   5. 1840. part I, pp. 1-828. 1748. Census book of landowners, unsubscribed, monastic, palace peasants and peasants of the Palace Stable Office of Domodedovo, Ermolinskaya, Myachkovskaya volosts, Molotsky and Ratuev camp of Moscow district. Nominal alphabet (ll. 1-12).
   6. 1869. pp. 1-548 1773-1775 Tales of the artisans and workers of the silk and cloth factories of Ratuev Stan, the linen factory of Bokhov Stan, the tinsel and tinsel factories of the Moscow District, the merchants of Bronnaya, Ogorodnaya, Syromyatnaya, Taganskaya and other settlements of Moscow.
   7. 1870. pp. 1-1062 1773-1775 Tales about courtyard, working people of the silk factory Mikh. Milyutin of Moscow landlord, palace, economic, synodal peasants of Sosensky, Goretov, Gogolev, Ratuev, Surozhsky, Vyazemsky, Medvensky, Setunsky, Bokhov, Tarakmanov, Manatin, Zamytsko, Vasilkovsky, Rogozhsky, Molotsky, Kamensky, Obornichye, Radonezh and Beli, Doblinsky, Koshelev, Zhdansky, Sherensky, Departure camp, Ramenskaya, Peremyshlskaya, Tukhachevskaya, Rostovskaya, Rastovlenskaya volosts of the Moscow region.
   8. 1871. pp. 1-947 1775-1777 Tales about craftsmen and workers in the cloth and silk factories of Moscow, economic, landlord, palace and bishop peasants of Sherensky, Otezzhy, Ratuev, Manatin, Pochernev, Zamytsky, Bokhov, Setunsky, Obornichye, Kamensky, Sosensky, Vasiltsevsky, Rogozhsky, Kopotinsky, Ostrovetsky, Molotsky, Zhdanovsky, Tarakmanov Stans, Tukhachevskaya, Khotunskaya, Taninskaya, Kopotinsky volosts of the Moscow region. Authentic.
   9. 1872. pp. 1-1464 1773. Tales of artisans and workers of linen, cloth, tinsel and cantilever, silk, rope factories of sulfur, vitriol and colorful factories of the Gzhel volost, Bokhov, Ratuev camp; about the Tatars of the Tatar settlement and the courtyard people of Moscow.
      Tales about the palace, landowners and economic peasants Sherensky, Koshelev, Tarakmanov, Ostrovetsky, Zamytsky, Zhdanovsky, Setunsky, Vyazemsky, YVasiltsevsky, Sosensky, Manatin, Bykov, Korovin, Otezzhy, Lukomsky, Chermnev, Medvensky, Doblinsky, Surozh, Shakhov, Goretov Stans, Rostov, Przemysl, Safyanskaya, Palace Gzhalsky, Bykovsky volosts of the Moscow district. Authentic.
   10. 1874. 1-812 pp. 1775 Tales of landlord peasants, craftsmen and workers of the paper and button, bakery and wire factories of Manatin, Bykov, Korovin, Koshelev, Surozhsky, Medvensky, Goretov, Pekhorsky, Tarakmanov, Setunsky, Ratuev, Radonezhsky and Beli, Zaiytsky, Bokhov, Doblinsky, Bor and Korzenev, Guslitsky, Tukhachevsky, Ramensky, Kamensky, Shakhov, Zhdanovsky, Lukomsky, Sherensky, Pochernev Stans, Rostov, Zagarsky, Przemyslsky volosts of Moscow district.
   11. 1876. 1-107 pp. 1773-1774 Tales of the landowners and economic peasants of Manat'in, Bykov, Korovin, Ratuev, Sosensky Stans of the Moscow District. Authentic.
   12. 1877. 1-3?3 pp. after 1771. Tales of the palace peasants of the Domodedovo, Ermolinskaya volosts of the Moscow region.

Modern view of Yam village

The beginning of the history of the village and its church, according to specialists from the State historical museum Moscow, goes back to the 13th century. It is this time that two settlements on the modern territory of the village, identified in 1995, date back. The word “yam” itself is of Turkic origin and denotes a village located on the postal road, where coachmen with their families live. One of the first documented information about the village dates back to 1543, when the archimandrite of the Simonov Monastery complained to the Grand Duke Ivan Vasilyevich about the Frolov (more correctly, Florov) coachmen, who, from the peasants of the Korobovo village belonging to the monastery, “take many carts under the messengers every day, and in that the peasants from the coachmen are in need and a great insult.

Obviously, already at that time there was a parish churchyard with a church in the name of the martyrs Florus and Laurus, who were revered in Russia as patrons of livestock, and especially horses. According to a long tradition, on the day of remembrance of the saints on August 18 (31), a “horse festival” was organized near the church, on which horses decorated with red calf ribbons, under embroidered colored blankets in the best harness, were brought from all over the area, bathed in the Pakhra River and in lakes called yamsky . In the church itself, according to custom, a solemn prayer service was served that day, after which the horses were sprinkled with holy water. This holiday was especially revered, since for many centuries the horse was the breadwinner and indispensable assistant not only to coachmen, but to all peasants.

Yam is also mentioned in the digit book for 1579. “On the 7th day of October, according to the news that the Crimean people came to Tula and Dedilov and fought the Tula places and crossed the river above Lyublino, two hundred people, and according to those news the sovereign sent to Pakhra governor of Prince Ivan Lobanov-Rostovsky, and Fyodor Golovin, and stood near Kolychev and on the Frolovsky Pit of October on the 12th day.

From the inventory of the lands of the Moscow Yamskaya Kolomna Sloboda in 1627, it follows that the Frolovsko-Pakhorsky Yam was an adjunct to the Yamskaya Kolomna Sloboda and in late XVI in. there were 20 yards of Yamsky hunters in it, but 18 of them under Tsar Feodor Ivanovich were transferred near Moscow to the Kolomenskaya Yamskaya settlement, and the land of that Yam on the Kashirskaya road on both sides of the river. Pakhry.

By the time of the census, only two coachmen's yards remained here, in which the coachmen of the Kolomenskaya Sloboda lived, replacing each other, cultivating arable land here on a run-in and storing hay for their horses. On the drawing of the area located between the Pakhra and Rozhaya rivers (compiled in the early 60s of the 17th century), the village of Yamskaya is marked on the site of the former Yam. She was located on right side Kashirskaya road, if you go from Moscow, and at some distance from the river. Pakhra, and no information about the village was found in the documents of later years, while the land (about 350 dessiatins) remained behind the Kolomenskaya Yamskaya Sloboda until the beginning of the 20th century, which subsequently caused many disputes between the coachmen on the one hand, the palace department and local peasants, on the other hand, often allowed "with the highest permission."

When in the 60s. 17th century by order and personal participation of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, an intensive settlement of the stable Domodedovo volost began, the population of which was greatly reduced during the raid Crimean Khan Devlet Giray in 1571 and during the years of unrest, along with other innovations on the lands of the parish, it was decided to cultivate flax crops for its sale. On the land of coachmen, 28 yards of “linen trepets” were settled, and even a small market was opened to sell flax to the sovereign. After the death of Alexei Mikhailovich, the coachmen asked the tsars Ivan and Peter Alekseevich to return the land taken from them. The duma nobleman Vikul Izvolsky and clerk Peter Zvezdin, who arrived at the place for inspection, found that the land taken from the pit was located on the right bank of the river. Pakhry on both sides of the Kashirskaya road and adjacent to the land with. Pahrino. “And on the land where the coachmen lived, hired beans now live, that there were linen trepets in 28 yards,” they noted, “and under their yards and gardens of the manor land there are three acres. According to the scribe books of 1628, 350 acres of arable land, mowing and forests were recorded for the coachmen, and according to the current land survey, 268 acres are in their possession.

According to the royal charter of July 19, 1682, it was ordered to return the land confiscated from them to the Kolomna coachmen, “and to bring the trepts from that land and settle them in the village. Pakhrin, but there will be a torzhka on that land and a duty on the great sovereigns to collect the Pakhrin kissers as before. As can be seen from other documents, this royal command was not fully implemented: the former trepets remained in their place. Moreover, the stable office in the report to the ringmaster L.A. Naryshkina suggested that the land occupied by the estates of the trepets should not be given to the coachmen, because, “if the return is made, then the trepets living here for a long time will be followed by extreme ruin, and the coachmen have their claim illegally, repairing their impudent whims, because the land is given to them in insufficient the number is good and touches their lands.”

Familiarity with numerous archival documents on the history of the village indicates that from the second half of XVII in. the possession of its lands by the coachmen of the Kolomna Yamskaya Sloboda served as a serious obstacle to its development. Indeed, in order to settle here, it was necessary to obtain the consent of the coachmen, to pay them far from a symbolic rent for the land.

However, the location of the village on the busy Kashirskaya road gave rise to the need to create certain conditions for numerous travelers. Therefore, wealthy peasants of neighboring villages set up yards here “to accommodate passing people”, opened tea houses and taverns, small shops, becoming residents of the village. Since their land shares were retained by them in their native villages, here they were considered "plowless bobs".

In 1706, the village, like the entire volost, was granted by Peter I to Prince A.D. Menshikov. According to the 1709 census, there were already 32 households in the village, incl. 3 - church clergy and 21 bobylsky, who paid dues to the most illustrious, and 8 bobyl yards stood on the other side of Pakhra.

After the disgrace of the prince, the village again passed into the palace department and long years turned out to be connected with the neighboring village of Pakhrino, where the imperial consolidated stable was built. Some of her servants were settled in the village, and some of the villagers were taken to serve in the court office. One of them was identified as a solicitor groom, the three Fedoseev brothers were transferred to a gold-weaving factory at the palace of Catherine II in St. Petersburg. The latter, passing through the village in Pakhrino in 1767, drew attention to the traces of a fire that had recently occurred here and, having learned that this was a palace village, “mercifully ordered to build a stone hut for the fire victims, granted them some money and expressed the wish that others residents built stone houses for strength and safety from fire at home. The will of the Empress was fulfilled in the same year. Who knows, maybe it was the first stone building in the village.

“P akhra, Old Yam, also,” a document from the beginning of the 19th century says, “is a village of the palace department on both sides of the big Kashirskaya road and the Pakhra river. It has a wooden church and more than 50 peasant households. Through Pakhra - a wooden bridge on stilts. There are weekly auctions on Fridays, where visiting merchants sell silk fabrics, food and other small items in small quantities. On the steep bank of the river, limestone is broken, which, having been hewn to various measures and sizes, is taken to Moscow for sale .... From the village to the state horse farm, a plantation of birch trees was planted.

On September 5, 1812, the main forces of the Russian army as part of the 2nd Corps under the command of General K.F. passed through the village. Baggovut, 4th Infantry Corps of Count A.I. Osterman-Tolstoy, 6th Infantry Corps of General D.S. Dokhturova. Murat's cavalry followed in their footsteps a few days later. However, the village survived, they only plundered the state drinking house.

In the period after Patriotic War In 1812, the village developed especially rapidly. In the early 20s. there were 64 capital houses, four of which were stone. Almost all of them had cellars, cellars and shops. However, the land under them still belonged to the coachmen. The inhabitants of the village in 1821 asked to provide the estate land in their "eternal and hereditary possession", pledging beyond the usual peasant duties"send forever in that pit and pit chase." The coachmen, having learned about this, began to terminate the previously concluded agreements on the lease of arable and hay land by the peasants and even obtained a decision from the county court to seize the estate land from those and demolish all the courtyard buildings. But the villagers were supported at the very top: on May 4, 1824, Emperor Alexander I approved the proposal of the Minister of Finance to dissociate 29 acres of land from the coachmen's possession and provide them to the peasants who settled here free of charge. At the same time, a two-story stone building of the postal station, which has survived to this day, was built in the village.

After the liquidation of the Pakhrinskaya consolidated stable in 1824, some of its servants settled in Stary Yamu, but mostly residents of neighboring villages continued to move here. During the peasant reform of 1861, among the male population of the village, 88 came from the village of Beleutovo, 66 from the village of Pavlovskaya, 16 from the village of Novlenskaya, 12 from the village. Domodedovo and the village of Kiselikhi. Stone houses were built here by V.M. Anikeev from the village of Pavlovskaya, brothers Ivan and Efim Rastorguev from the village of Domodedovo, F.V. Nedonoskov from the village of Beleutovo, S.V. Beketov from the village of Novlenskaya. The latter was elected a volost headman and as such, among seven other elders of the palace volosts, in 1856 participated in the coronation of Alexander II, in connection with which he was granted the highest caftan of dark green cloth with gold lace, a hat and boots. The elders presented the Emperor with a gilded silver dish and a salt shaker and were invited to the dinner table on the boyar platform of the Grand Kremlin Palace.

In the village all year round The market continued to operate on Fridays. Trade was conducted in shops located in a large stone building, as well as in dozens of wooden shops that belonged to the villagers and merchants who regularly came from other places, as well as directly from carts. In the description of the bazaar of those years, it is said that especially large bargaining was carried out on the eve of Shrovetide, "when the horses of the merchants stood 100 fathoms on both sides of the road." Here for food and goods came from Podolsk, residents of the district and even Okhotny Ryad Moscow. It was always lively in six taverns, tea and wine shops, eight inns, in the smithy. Merchants, "specialists" on dozens of wagons delivered young pigs from the "steppe provinces", which buyers carried away from the market in willow baskets. At once in several warehouses they traded white hewn stone, bricks from a local factory. through the village to autumn months up to a dozen herds of cattle and small cattle were driven daily to Moscow.

The trade function of the village was sharply reduced by the construction of the Moscow-Kursk railway when goods from the southern provinces began to be delivered through it. “The cast-iron killed the passage on the highway,” the villagers testified. The 70s became sadly memorable for them. In 1871, a strong fire broke out in the village, in the fire of which 88 residential buildings and 80 outbuildings were destroyed. Many of the victims of the fire had not yet had time to properly rebuild when, six years later, a new fire started from a spark that flew out of the chimney. This time, 32 courtyards were damaged, but since most of them were made of stone, their charred walls could be restored.

From what the village of Stary Yam was at the beginning of the 20th century. Houses, for the most part two-story, densely crowded near a narrow road. Their owners occupy the upper floors, and below shops, warehouses, taverns. There is a brisk trade going on. Carts scurry around for various needs and with different loads. Several wagons have accumulated at the tavern: there is time for rest, for a leisurely conversation. At some distance there are wooden houses, one-story, with small windows and a vast yard, but closed from the street, where a lot of cattle are kept. During the day, chickens run the yard. At dawn, cows and sheep are released into the common herd, which is pastured by shepherds hired by the residents. In front of the yards, in the front gardens, lilacs. There is so much of it that in spring the village is buried in a lilac cloud. There are especially many lilacs near the temple.

Khram is located a little away from the road, not far from the Pakhra River. It was erected at the expense of the inhabitants of the Yamskaya settlement, was repeatedly rebuilt and acquired its current appearance (excluding the bell tower lost in 1940) at the beginning of the 20th century. The main throne is in the name of the holy martyrs Florus and Laurus, the left one is in the name of the holy chief apostles Peter and Paul, the right one is dedicated to St. Nicholas. The church building is built of white stone and brick. The temple was rich and elegant and was considered one of the largest in the near Moscow region.

A beautiful view opens from the temple: water meadows, a river and a forest in the distance. In front of the massive fence is a square where the common life of the village is concentrated. There are fairs, festivities, carousels. But during the fasts, the cheerful movement freezes and the center common life focuses on the temple itself. The whole village is awake at the Easter service, including the little ones who have barely learned to walk. In the temple, a person began his life with Baptism, here he was married at one time, and here he was escorted on his last journey. The cemetery was located right there, inside the church fence.

The highway was paved with stone, and the pavement of the village was also paved. In addition to the brick factory that had been working in the village for a long time, in 1906 V.Ya. Zhukov built a porcelain flower factory in the village, which employed up to 70 people, mostly women.

The beginning of the 20th century was marked by the creation of a voluntary fire brigade in the village, in 1913 a savings and loan cooperative was established, and two years later, a consumer society. Before the First World War, there were 136 households in the village; In the first years of Soviet power, the factory of artificial flowers was nationalized and stopped working, and at the end of 1923 police officers settled in its premises. The 1920s were marked by the opening of an outpatient clinic of the Mosgubzdravdepartment in the village, the opening of a reading room with the first 4-lamp radio receiver and a pharmacy, and the receipt of electricity from the Kashirskaya hydroelectric power station. In 1930, the collective farm "Yamskoy" was created in the village with 406 hectares of land, on the basis of which and neighboring collective farms in 1961 the state farm "Yamskoy" was created. AT last years The village is the center of the Yamsky rural district.