What is the difference between business and personal relationships? Many. The format of communication main goal, tasks and even age characteristics. There are actually a lot of differences. And all of them are familiar to people who have even basic, minimal communication experience.

Features of business relations

First of all, it is clarity, accuracy, as well as structured speech. Business communication is carried out with purpose, which means that the conversation should be on the topic - without emotions, expressions of unnecessary feelings and inappropriate views.

There is also a place to be someone else's opinion. As part of official communication listen to each person and then decide whether it is advisable to use his ideas in the work.

The most important thing is punctuality. If a person is late, then he makes colleagues and partners wait. This shows him as an irresponsible employee and, moreover, slows down the entire workflow, affects the activities of the entire team.

Compliance with the status - that's another difference between business and personal relationships. That's etiquette. An employee of a reputable organization should come to the office in a suit, but certainly not in beach slates, shorts or a short skirt.

About personal relationships

Now we can briefly talk about them. Special emotional contact - that's what distinguishes business and personal relationships. In the first case, it is usually absent. But in a personal aspect, you can’t do without it. This includes friendship, love, relationships between children and parents, virtual pen pals, etc.

The nature of personal relationships is affected great amount factors. Here are just a small part of them:

• Individual characteristics of each opponent.
• The specificity of the worldview.
• value orientations.
• belonging to a particular culture.
• Communication skills and predisposition to social contact.
• Circumstances.

All this forms the attitude of people towards each other, mutual sympathy or hostility, and also determines the prospect of their connection. Everything is natural here. Personal relationships are established as if by themselves, without violating the inner comfort of a person. If people don't get along, they may end the conversation. And here business partners and colleagues in most cases have to continue contact, regardless of their hostility.

Examples

They are found everywhere. Examples of business and personal relationships accompany us constantly. The boss calls the subordinate to his office to talk about his promotion - this is the situation demonstrating the first case. On the face of a business relationship. This also includes the process of concluding a partnership or an employment contract. Even a buyer in a store, communicating with a sales assistant, carries out business relations. Because their dialogue has a goal - the implementation of the purchase and sale of goods. Each business contact leads to a specific result.

Personal relationships also have a purpose. But it is more sublime, since it is about getting the participants such contact joy from mutual communication. Two friends meet at a bar in the evening to discuss events. last days- this is a personal aspect. Just like the communication of husband and wife, boyfriend and girlfriend, parents and children.

Conclusion

So, the above was briefly said about the difference between business and personal relationships. Now we can summarize the conclusions. Convenient way will be short comparison table Business and Personal Relations. In it, too, only the main, most significant nuances are noted.

Business conversation- a form of communication interaction in the name of obtaining mutually beneficial results. The personal is selective in nature, in which the emotional attitude towards the partner comes first.

Relationships are the feelings that people have for each other. Basically, feelings during communication are positive (likes) or negative (dislikes).
Sympathy (Greek sympatheia - “internal disposition, attraction”) is a feeling of a person’s stable emotional predisposition to other people.
Antipathy (Greek antipatheia, from anti against, and pathos passion) is a feeling of dislike, dislike or disgust, an emotional attitude of rejection of someone or something. The opposite of affection. Antipathy, like sympathy, is largely an unconscious feeling and is not determined by a volitional decision, but it can also arise consciously, as a result of a moral assessment in relation to those people, creatures or phenomena that are condemned by the adopted in this society system of views.
Antipathy has as its source an idea of ​​the harmfulness, danger, ugliness, inferiority of the object of antipathy, acquired by personal or hereditary experience or instilled in education. This feeling may also be based on a special excitability nervous system individual (see Idiosyncrasy).
The hereditary or acquired antipathy of man and animals to certain objects often has an instinctive or reflex nature and, according to some authors, is associated with the task of self-preservation of the individual, species, group or ethnic group.
In sociology and psychology, antipathy, like sympathy, serves as one of the motivational regulators of interpersonal and intergroup relationships. At the same time, feelings of like and dislike can be more or less independent or even complementary, that is, they can naturally be combined in an emotional relationship to another person (the severity of one pole with the simultaneous severity of the opposite) [Wikipedia].
The emergence of likes or dislikes depends on:
* physical attractiveness;
* similarities and similarities;
* character, skills, success in various types activities;
* joint work, action for the benefit of another;
* Respect for others.
Appearance, physical attractiveness
If a external features We like a person, we involuntarily sympathize with him. He is perceived by us for external physically beautiful qualities, and slovenly, untidy people often cause antipathy.
similarity, resemblance
Similarity and similarity can be external and internal.
The similarity is external - the same age, gender, cultural level, material security.
Internal similarity - a commonality of interests, views, values, norms of behavior, character traits.
The "otherness" of a person to others prevents us from understanding him and feeling sympathy for him. For the "dissimilarity" of a person, he is often hung with offensive nicknames and labels.
Character traits, skills
When entering into relationships with others, the consolidation of sympathies is influenced by various qualities character, success in various activities, skills, hobbies. They make a person attractive to others. If a person is disposed to others, sympathetic, attentive, kind and knows how to sometimes give in to others, then he causes them the greatest sympathy.
Antipathy and alertness, on the contrary, are caused by constrained, timid, shy, insecure people.
Psychologists asked schoolchildren to describe which guys they dislike the most. And here's what happened.
The "winner" is the one who counts without any good reason. that he should always be first in everything.
"The most beautiful" ("first beauty") - the one who is most interested in the question: "Am I the sweetest in the world, all blush and whiter?"
"Rich" - the one who believes: "I can buy and sell everything. I am the best because I have more money."
"Hooligan" - "I like to feel the defenselessness of others."
"Overconfident" - "I'm always right!"
"Suck" - "I will only do what others like!"
"Weakling, Quiet" - "Don't touch me, I'm small and weak!"
"Crybaby, sneak" - "I will complain to adults"
All the guys described are focused on themselves, they think only about themselves, they don’t take into account others, they can use other people to achieve their goals. They are constantly
demonstrate that they are better than others - smarter \. more beautiful; others - that they are worse (weaker, more defenseless) than others. Both others do not like it, cause antipathy.
Joint work, actions for the benefit of another
A common cause brings people together best. Common, joint and especially business relationships create favorable conditions for the formation of people's ability to coordinate their actions, to help each other, especially if they are useful to everyone personally.
In the cartoon "Winter in Prostokvashino", the cat Matroskin explains this: "Because joint work - for my benefit - unites."
Lazy and incompetent cause us antipathy.
Respectful attitude to another
Respect - the position of one person in relation to another, recognition of the dignity of the individual. Respect prescribes not to harm another person, either physical or moral.
Respect is one of essential requirements morality. In the moral consciousness of society, respect implies justice, equality of rights, attention to the interests of another person, his convictions. Respect implies freedom, trust. Suppressing these demands is a breach of respect. However, the meaning of these qualities that make up respect is determined by the nature of society and the accepted paradigms. Understanding of human rights, freedom, equality in different centuries was completely different. According to the ethics dictionary edited by I. Kohn, the greatest opportunities for deep respect, elimination of exploitation, as well as conditions for the highest measure real freedom of the individual gives the communist formation.
According to Kant, respect sets the standard human relations even more than sympathy. Only on the basis of respect can there be mutual understanding.
Also, respect is a moral duty and the only correct position of a person in the face of everything valuable, in the face of any person (Wikipedia).
Goodwill - comprehends the activity associated with disinterested concern for the well-being of others; correlates with the concept of selflessness - that is, with the sacrifice of one's own benefits in favor of the good ...
If people treat us kindly, respectfully. If all this is manifested in a person in facial expressions, behavior, actions - this makes us sympathetic.
Antipathy is caused in us by indifferent, unfriendly people.
With benevolence, a person:
* looks directly at the person, the look expresses friendliness;
*smiles warmly;
* sits close;
* expresses interest in what the person likes and is passionate about;
* friendly brawls are possible;
* listens attentively;
* expresses approving, understanding judgments;
* the person is benevolent open;
* gestures are calm, friendly, expressing the attitude towards the interlocutor (1, p. 110-111).
Literature:
1. Psychology. 4th grade. A.D. Andreva, I.V. Dubrovina, D.V. Lubovskaya, A.M. Parishioners. Voronezh: Modek, 2001.

Friendship
Material Each of us needs friends, everyone appreciates friendly relations, but in science the phenomenon of "friendship" and "friendly relations" is still poorly understood. Perhaps it was best analyzed by Igor Semenovich Kon, who even wrote a book called Friendship. She came out in the 70s.
Generally speaking, friendship is a "non-sexual marriage". In the sense that people do not marry each other, but all other relationships, minus sexual ones, remain with them. This is help, support, devotion, interest in each other, spending time together. At the same time, this happens more in marriage, and in friendship it is often more interesting and better. Friendship is the satisfaction of our needs for participation, support, sharing our impressions.
Friendly relations can be between people close and not, friends and buddies. And maybe between them - and not to be.

Different people invest in the word Friends and Friend different content. Friends should not be confused with only friends. Friends are people you can have fun with.
time, but no more. They differ from friends in that friends can be asked for help in difficult moment but friends don't. Necessary people needed, useful contacts useful, but it's not the same as friends. A separate conversation about what a true friend is, as opposed to just a friend. One thing is certain: Good friends go to someone who knows how to be a good friend.
Why do people make friends and Why do people make friends?
For most people, their friendship answers the "why" question: they are friends because... See Friendship Basics. Some people make friends so that their friendship has meaning and purpose.
Friendships are right, promising and superfluous.
The absence of a friend or friendship with anyone at all usually speaks of personal trouble and creates the prerequisites for personal trouble.
Circle of friends

The circle of friends is a matter of both quantity and quality of friends. The choice of friends is the most important life task on which a lot depends on the fate of everyone. "Tell me who your friends are and I'll tell you who you are."
Friendship between a man and a woman

Friendship between a man and a woman is possible, but very often a man next to a woman only pretends to be her friend, having completely different views on her; If you love each other, then learn to be friends. It is difficult to say that people love each other if the relationship between them cannot be called friendly. good friendship is the foundation of true love.
If you are friends, then think many times before bringing love and sex into your relationship. The traditional idea of ​​friendship excludes the expressiveness sexual attraction, and in our culture, making love and sexual relationships into friendships is a dangerous moment.
Women Friendship
The fact that there can be no friendship between women is a myth. Another thing is that if a man stands between women who both like, this female friendship usually does not stand up.
friends and money
How to solve money issues with friends? Can friends be used?
Friendship: nonsense and myths

Nonsense and myths associated with the concept of "friendship":
"Real, faithful, male friendship" (this concept formed the basis of many literary works), which is based on trust and commitment to commitment to self-sacrifice. Friendship between men is contrasted with relationships between women, where it is believed that true friendship impossible.
Contrasting "friendship" and "love". It is believed that love excludes friendship, and friendship excludes love.

Expediency: what friendship works for

The expediency of friendship is the attitude of friendship towards life goals. Like friendship with specific person(or, for example, with a group of classmates) is working towards my life's purpose?
You already have your goals for the year, three and five years. Your goals are written down. Look, in what column, under what goal and task does friendship with this person fit? And with this? If it does not fit any of the goals, you have at least two options: either to formulate it as independent goal: "continue to be friends with N to the extent and with the frequency that N needs", or reconsider the need for this friendship.
It is possible, at least to change her character: to continue to meet pleasantly, but not in a bar, but in a gym.

In psychology, starting with V.N. Myasishchev, founder domestic concept relations of the individual, "relationship" is defined as "the psychological connection of a person with the surrounding world of things and people." Personal relations form a system that includes attitudes towards objects and phenomena. outside world(subject-object relations), attitude towards other people (subject-subject, interpersonal relations) and attitude towards oneself (self-attitude). Traditionally, the relationship of the individual to various social objects and situations is studied in psychology as social attitudes, or attitudes, of the individual. In Western psychology, the history of the study of attitudes began in 1918, when attitudes were defined as " psychological experience individual value, meaning, meaning social object". Since then in foreign psychology considerable experience has been accumulated in the study of attitudes, their functions and structure have been determined. AT domestic psychology V. A. Yadov proposed a “hierarchical scheme of dispositional regulation social behavior Personality”, which unites personality attitudes of different levels: 1) elementary fixed attitudes (formed in the simplest situations on the basis of vital needs); 2) social fixed attitudes (formed in small group based on the human need for communication); 3) basic social attitudes (formed in a wider social areas- in the labor sphere, the sphere of leisure - on the basis of fundamental need person in activity); 4) value orientations personality.

In addition to relationships in line with the social attitudes of the individual, psychology also studies relationships in the context of such phenomena as attraction and affiliation. Attraction is the appearance, when one person is perceived by another, of his attractiveness for the subject of perception. When studying attraction, the main attention is paid to elucidating the factors that influence the formation of sympathy or antipathy for the object of perception; Thus, it has been established that one of the main factors in the emergence of attractive relationships is external attractiveness, the competence of people. Affiliation is the desire of a person to be in the society of other people, the orientation of a person to support from another person. As a result of numerous experiments, it was revealed that people have different levels the severity of affiliative tendencies that determine their relationship to each other.

Thus, "relationship" is a broader concept than " social attitude”, “attraction” or “affiliation”. personality relationships as psychological phenomenon are characterized by the following essential features:
1) a person's relationships are related to his needs (physiological and, first of all, psychological). Attitude arises as a kind of connection between the subject (person) in need, and the object (whether it be a person or an object of the surrounding world) capable of satisfying this need. This connection, or, in other words, the relation of the subject to the object, is manifested, according to V.N. Myasishchev, in "the experience of attraction to the object and in the active striving to master it." For example, the relationship of a child to his mother is determined both by his physiological needs and psychological needs for protection and safety. In psychology, consider the following psychological needs, mediating a person's relationship to himself and another: the need to establish close relationships; in control of oneself and others; the need to be included in various social groups; the need for self-esteem;, in a positive assessment; the need for understanding, sympathy, care; the need to be needed, significant;
2) in communication, the attitude is interconnected with the reflection and interaction of a person with a person. The emergence of a relationship is preceded by the stage of perception (reflection) by the subject of the object and assessment (based on reflection) of its potential in terms of satisfying one or another of its needs. Thus, as a result of the personality's reflection of the Surrounding reality, an attitude is formed, which then manifests itself in the forms of interaction fixed in the speech and expressive behavior of the personality;
3) relationship is both a process and a result of communication and interaction; its structure consists of cognitive, emotional and behavioral components. Based on their combination, the type and type of relations are determined. Attitude as a process goes through certain stages in its development: the formation of an attitude, the development of an attitude, the stabilization or disintegration of a relationship. The attitude as a result has certain parameters: sign, intensity, modality, awareness, etc.

Along with the concept of "attitude" in psychology, the concepts of "interpersonal relationship", "relationship", "intergroup relations" are used.

An interpersonal relationship is a type of personality relationship that reveals itself in relation to another, it is a subject-subject relationship. It is one of the components of the system of personality relations along with self-attitude and attitude to the objects of the surrounding world. To designate interpersonal relationships in psychology, the term "relationship" is used; in order to emphasize that interpersonal relationships, or relationships, are the result of mutual perception, knowledge, impact, influence, evaluation, is, according to K.A. Abulkhanova Slavskaya, "some ideal product of mutual efforts". Sometimes the term "relationship" is reduced to the concept of "relationship"; so, V.I. Paniotto writes in The Structure of Interpersonal Relations (1975) that “the relationship L and B is the totality of the relationship L to B and the relationship B to A (more precisely, the system of these relationships, because they, as a rule, are closely interconnected and represent some integrity, and not just a set). Finally, the terms "relationship" and "relationship" are used to refer to different stages relationship dynamics. For example, L.Ya. Gozman (1987) shows that at the stage of origin, the relationship is an "individual phenomenon", characterized by an orientation from the subject of the relationship to the object of the relationship; as it develops, the individual relationship becomes a relationship, or "dyadic relationship."

Unlike interpersonal relations, intergroup relations are understood as “a subjective reflection (perception) of the diverse relationships that arise between social groups, as well as the mode of interaction of groups due to it.

On the this moment in psychology, two main directions in the study of personality relations are distinguished: structural and dynamic. As part of structural direction work is underway to study the various components of the relationship, a search is being made for methodological tools for measuring them. It is generally recognized that there are emotional, cognitive and behavioral components in the structure of the relationship.

The dynamic direction of studying human relations involves considering them as a process from the moment of inception to disintegration. The basis of this direction is the fundamental position on the dynamic nature of personality relations, developed by V.N. Myasishchev, L.I. Antsiferova, K.A. Abulkhanova Slavskaya, I.S. Konom and others. In the framework of the dynamic direction, information was obtained on the forms of the dynamics of relations. For example, two forms of relationship dynamics are identified: development, which includes new formations in the sphere of relationships, irreversible changes in the system of personality relationships (progress and regression), and functioning, which includes reversible changes within the established personality organization. This type Dynamics are also called rhythms of relations, which are understood as a periodic change in the parameters of relations (sign, intensity, modality, etc.) over time.

Thus, among the concepts of "relationship", "interpersonal relationship", "relationship", "intergroup relations" the concept of "relationship" is the broadest, which is considered as a psychological connection of the subject with the object (which can be the subject himself, another person, objects and phenomena of the surrounding world or a social group). The concept of "interpersonal relations" covers the field of relations between people, and "intergroup relations" - between social groups. The concept of "relationship" reflects the quality of existing relations, namely: their reciprocity, the degree of symmetry.

LITERATURE
1. Abulkhanova Slavskaya K.A. Personal aspect of the problem of communication in psychology. M., 1981. S. 218-241.
2. Andreeva I.M. Social Psychology. M., 1996. S. 288-303.
3. Antsyferova L.I. Personality from the standpoint of a dynamic approach // Psychology of personality in a socialist society "personality and its life path. M., 1990. S. 7-17.
4. Gozman. Psychology of emotional relations. M., 1987. S. 75-101.
5. Myasishchev V.N. Psychology of relations: Selected psychological works. M., 1995. S. 1527.
6. Smirnova E.O. Formation of interpersonal relations in early ontogenesis // Questions of psychology. 1994. No. 6. S. 5-15.

Interpersonal relationships are relationships between individuals . They are often accompanied by emotional experiences, express inner world person.

Interpersonal relationships are divided into the following types:

1) official and unofficial;

2) business and personal;

3) rational and emotional;

4) subordinate and parity.

official (formal) they call relations that arise on an official basis and are regulated by charters, decrees, orders, laws. These are relationships that legal basis. People enter into such relationships out of position, and not out of personal likes or dislikes for each other. Informal (informal) relationships are formed on the basis of personal relationships between people and are not limited by any official framework.

Business relationships arise from joint work of people. They can be service relationships based on the distribution of responsibilities between members of the organization, the production team.

Personal Relationships are relationships between people that develop in addition to their joint activities. You can respect or disrespect your colleague, feel sympathy or antipathy for him, be friends with him or be at enmity. Therefore, the basis of personal relationships are the feelings that people have in relation to each other. Therefore, personal relationships are subjective character. Allocate relationships of acquaintance, camaraderie, friendship and intimate relationships. Acquaintance- these are such relationships when we know people by name, we can make superficial contact with them, talk with them. Partnership is a closer positive and equal relationship that develops with many people on the basis of common interests, views for the sake of spending leisure time in companies. Friendship is an even closer selective relationship with people based on trust, affection, common interests. intimate relationship are a kind of personal relationship. An intimate relationship is a relationship in which the other person is trusted with the most intimate. These relationships are characterized by closeness, frankness, affection for each other.

Rational relationships are relationships based on reason and calculation, they are built on the basis of the expected or real benefits of the established relationship. emotional relationships, on the contrary, are based on the emotional perception of each other, often without taking into account objective information about the person. Therefore rational and emotional relationship most of the time they don't match. So, you can feel hostility towards a person, but enter into a relationship with him. rational relationship for the benefit of common purpose or personal gain.

subordinate relations are relations of leadership and subordination, i.e. unequal relations in which some people have more high status(position) and more rights than others. It is a relationship between a leader and subordinates. In contrast to this parity relationships mean equality between people. Such people are not subordinate to each other and act as independent individuals.

• 1.6. Types of communication
  Distinguish between direct and indirect communication. Direct communication involves face-to-face contact and direct perception communicating with each other. Indirect communication is carried out through intermediaries, for example, during negotiations between warring
• 14.3. Attachment and friendship
  Attachment is a feeling of closeness based on sympathy for someone, a mutual attraction to each other. As a result, such people prefer communication among themselves to contacts with other people.
• 17.5. Personal characteristics of the teacher that make it difficult to communicate with students
  These features include irascibility, straightforwardness, harshness, haste, heightened pride, stubbornness, self-confidence, lack of a sense of humor, touchiness, innocence, slowness, dryness, disorganization. Hot temper and self-confidence are more characteristic of senior teachers.
• 1.2. With whom do we communicate, or in what case should we talk about communication?
  When considering the essence of communication, there are two erroneous, in my opinion, positions: in some cases, some acts of human interaction are not included in the category of communication, and in other cases they are considered communication
• 8.5. Guilt
  Guilt is complex psychological phenomenon, closely related to moral quality, as conscience, and in the implicit consciousness is designated as "remorse of conscience." Western psychologists single out the state of guilt and the vinuality. AT
• Commandments of pedagogical communication (according to V. A. Kan-Kalik, 1987)
  Pedagogical process is based on the relationship of the teacher with the children, it is they - the relationship - that are primary in pedagogical interaction. When organizing pedagogical communication can not be based solely on pedagogical goals

Comments are closed at this time.