On August 26, 1896, a group of well-armed Armenians seized the building of the Ottoman Bank, took European staff hostage and, threatening to blow up the bank, demanded that the Turkish government carry out the promised political reforms. However, in response, the Turkish authorities ordered to launch attacks on the Armenians. Within two days, with the apparent connivance of the authorities, the Turks massacred or beat to death more than 6,000 Armenians.
The exact number of victims of the massacre of 1894-1896 cannot be calculated. Even before the end of the violent actions, the Lutheran missionary Johannes Lepsius, who was in Turkey at that time, using German and other sources, collected the following statistics: 88,243 people were killed, 546,000 people were devastated, 2,493 cities and villages were plundered, villages were converted to Islam - 456, desecrated churches and monasteries - 649, turned into mosques of churches - 328. Estimating total number killed, Kinross gives a figure of 50-100 thousand, Bloxham - 80-100 thousand, Hovhannisyan - about 100 thousand, Adalyan and Totten - from 100 to 300 thousand, Dadrian - 250-300 thousand, Syuni - 300 thousand people.
But the date April 24, 1915 takes special place in the history of the Armenian genocide. During World War I, Armenians fought on the side of the Turks. But when the Turkish troops suffered a severe defeat near Sarykamysh, the Armenians were blamed for everything.
The Armenians who were in the army were disarmed. At first, the authorities were collected in Turkish cities healthy men, declaring that a government benevolent towards them, based on military necessity, is preparing the resettlement of Armenians in new homes. Many law-abiding Armenians loyal to Turkey, having received calls from the police, came themselves.
The collected men were imprisoned, and then taken out of the city to deserted places and destroyed using firearms and cold weapons. Then the old men, women and children gathered and were also informed that they were to be resettled. They were driven in columns under the escort of gendarmes. Those who could not walk were killed; exceptions were not made even for pregnant women. The gendarmes chose as long routes as possible or forced people to go back along the same route, but they wound people until most of them died of thirst or hunger.
Muslims have been warned death penalty for the protection of the Armenians. Women and children from Ordu were loaded onto barges under the pretense of being transported to Samsun, and then taken out to sea and thrown overboard.
During the 1919 tribunal, the police chief of Trebizond testified that he had sent young Armenian women to Istanbul as a gift from the governor of the region to the Ittihat leaders. Armenian girls from the Red Crescent Hospital were abused, where the governor of Trebizond raped them and kept them as personal concubines.
The destruction of the Armenian population was accompanied by a campaign to destroy the Armenian cultural heritage. Armenian monuments and churches were blown up, cemeteries were plowed up for fields where corn and wheat were sown, Armenian quarters of cities were destroyed or occupied by the Turkish and Kurdish population and renamed
A telegram from US Ambassador Henry Morgenthau to the Department of State (July 16, 1915) describes the extermination of the Armenians as a "campaign of racial extermination."
Armenians at the fallen horse.
According to Johannes Lepsius, about 1 million Armenians were killed, in 1919 Lepsius revised his estimate to 1,100,000. According to him, only during the Ottoman invasion of Transcaucasia in 1918, from 50 to 100 thousand Armenians were killed. Ernst Sommer of the German Relief Association estimated the number of deportees at 1,400,000 and the survivors at 250,000.
If this is not genocide, then what is genocide?
The Armenian people did not bow their heads to the last and fought for their views, their freedom and their independence. The battles that took place in Musa Dagh, where the Armenians held the defense for more than fifty days, speak of the resistance of the Armenians; defense of the cities of Van and Mush. In these cities, the Armenians held out until the appearance of the Russian army on the territory of the cities.
The Armenians took revenge even after the end of all hostilities. They created an operation to destroy Ottoman rulers who decided to exterminate an innocent people. Thus, in 1921 and 1922, three pashas, who decided on genocide, were shot dead by Armenian soldiers and patriots.
It is not surprising that Germany recognized the Armenian Genocide (despite Turkey's hysteria). Russia also recognized it.
Putin in the memorial complex of the victims of the genocide.
Dönme - a crypto-Jewish sect brought Atatürk to power
One of the most destructive factors that largely determines the political situation in the Middle East and Transcaucasia for 100 years is the genocide of the Armenian population of the Ottoman Empire, during which, according to various sources, from 664 thousand to 1.5 million people were killed. And considering that the genocide of the Pontic Greeks, which began in Izmir, was almost simultaneously taking place, during which from 350 thousand to 1.2 million people were destroyed, and the Assyrians, in which the Kurds took part, which claimed from 275 to 750 thousand people, this factor is already For more than 100 years, it has kept the whole region in suspense, constantly fueling enmity between the peoples inhabiting it. Moreover, as soon as even a slight rapprochement between neighbors is planned, giving hope for their reconciliation and further peaceful coexistence, an external factor, a third party, immediately intervenes in the situation, and a bloody event occurs that further warms up mutual hatred.
For an ordinary person who has received a standard education, today it is absolutely obvious that the Armenian genocide took place and that it was Turkey that was to blame for the genocide. Russia, among more than 30 countries, has recognized the fact of the Armenian genocide, which, however, has little effect on its relations with Turkey. Turkey, on the other hand, in the opinion of an ordinary person, absolutely irrationally and stubbornly continues to deny its responsibility not only for the Armenian genocide, but also for the genocide of other Christian peoples - Greeks and Assyrians. According to Turkish media, in May 2018, Turkey opened all its archives to research the events of 1915. President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said that after the opening of the Turkish archives, if someone dares to declare the "so-called Armenian genocide", then let him try to prove it based on facts:
“In the history of Turkey there was no “genocide” against Armenians” Erdogan said.
No one will dare to suspect the inadequacy of the Turkish president. Erdogan is the leader of the great Islamic country, the heiress of one of the greatest empires, by definition cannot be like, say, the president of Ukraine. And the president of any country will not dare to go for a frank and open lie. So really, Erdogan knows something that is unknown to most people in other countries, or is carefully hidden from the world community. And such a factor really exists. It does not concern the genocide event itself, it concerns the one who produced this inhuman cruelty and is really responsible for it.
***
In February 2018, on the portal of the Turkish "electronic government" (www.turkiye.gov.tr ) an online service was launched where any citizen of Turkey could trace their genealogy, learn about their ancestors in a few clicks. Available recordings were limited to the early 19th century, at times Ottoman Empire. The service almost instantly became so popular that it soon collapsed due to millions of requests. The results were shocking great amount Turk. It turns out that many people who considered themselves Turks, in reality, have ancestors of Armenian, Jewish, Greek, Bulgarian, and even Macedonian and Romanian origin. This fact, by default, only confirmed what everyone in Turkey knows, but no one likes to mention, especially in front of foreigners. Speaking aloud about this in Turkey is considered bad form, but it is this factor that now determines the entire domestic and foreign policy, Erdogan's entire struggle for power within the country.
The Ottoman Empire, by the standards of its time, pursued a relatively tolerant policy towards national and religious minorities, preferring, again, by the standards of that time, non-violent methods of assimilation. To some extent, she repeated the methods of the Byzantine Empire she defeated. The Armenians traditionally led the financial area of the empire. Most of the bankers in Constantinople were Armenians. Very many finance ministers were Armenians, just remember the brilliant Hakob Kazazyan Pasha, who was considered the best finance minister in the history of the Ottoman Empire. Of course, throughout history there have been inter-ethnic and inter-religious conflicts that have even led to the shedding of blood. But nothing like the genocides of the Christian population in the 20th century happened in the Empire. And suddenly a tragedy happens. Any sane person will understand that out of the blue this does not happen. So why and who carried out these bloody genocides? The answer to this question lies in the history of the Ottoman Empire itself.
***
In Istanbul, in the Asian part of the city across the Bosphorus, there is an old and secluded Uskudar cemetery. Visitors to the cemetery among traditional Muslims will begin to meet and be surprised by graves that are not like others and do not fit into Islamic traditions. Many of the tombs are covered with concrete and stone surfaces rather than earth, and have photographs of the dead, which is not in keeping with tradition. When asked whose graves these are, you will be informed almost in a whisper that representatives of the Donmeh (new converts or apostates - Tour.), a large and mysterious part of Turkish society, are buried here. The grave of a judge of the Supreme Court is located next to the grave of the ex-leader of the Communist Party, and next to them are the graves of a general and a famous educator. The Dönme are Muslims, but not really. Most of today's Dönme are secular people who vote for Atatürk's secular republic, but in every Dönme community, secret religious rites still take place, more Jewish than Islamic. No dönme will ever publicly acknowledge their identity. The dönme themselves only find out about themselves when they reach the age of 18, when their parents reveal the secret to them. This tradition of zealously maintaining dual identities in Muslim society has been passed down for generations.
As I wrote in the article"Island of the Antichrist: a springboard for Armageddon" , Dönme, or Sabbatians are followers and students of the Jewish rabbi Shabbtai Zvi, who in 1665 was proclaimed the Jewish messiah and brought the biggest split in Judaism in almost 2 millennia of its official existence. Avoiding execution by the Sultan, together with his numerous followers, Shabbtai Zvi converted to Islam in 1666. Despite this, many Sabbatians are still members of three religions - Judaism, Islam and Christianity. The Turkish dönme were originally founded in Greek Thessaloniki by Jacob Kerido and his son Berahio (Baruch) Russo (Osman Baba). Subsequently, the dönme spread throughout Turkey, where they were called, depending on the direction in Sabbatianism, izmirlars, karakashlars (black-browed) and kapanjilars (owners of scales). The main place of concentration of the dönme in the Asian part of the Empire was the city of Izmir. The Young Turk movement was largely made up of Dönmeh. Kemal Atatürk, the first President of Turkey, was a Dönmeh and a member of the Veritas Masonic Lodge, a division of the Grand Orient de France lodge.
Throughout their history, the Dönme have repeatedly turned to rabbis, representatives of traditional Judaism, with requests to recognize them as Jews, like the Karaites who deny the Talmud (oral Torah). However, they always received a refusal, which in most cases was of a political nature, not a religious one. Kemalist Turkey has always been an ally of Israel, which was not politically advantageous to admit that this state is actually run by Jews. For the same reasons, Israel categorically refused and still refuses to recognize the Armenian genocide. Foreign Ministry spokesman Emanuel Nahshon recently stated that official position Israel has not changed.
“We are very sensitive and responsive to terrible tragedy Armenian people during the First World War. The historical debate about how to regard this tragedy is one thing, but the recognition that something terrible happened to the Armenian people is quite another, and this is much more important.”
Initially, in the Greek Thessaloniki, which was part of the Ottoman Empire at that time, the Dönme community consisted of 200 families. In secret, they practiced their own form of Judaism, based on the "18 Commandments" supposedly left by Shabbtai Zevi, along with a ban on intermarriages with true Muslims. The Dönme never integrated into Muslim society and continued to believe that Shabbtai Zvi would one day return and lead them to redemption.
According to very low estimates of the dönme themselves, now in Turkey their number is 15-20 thousand people. Alternative sources talking about millions of dönme in Turkey. The entire officer and general staff of the Turkish army, bankers, financiers, judges, journalists, policemen, lawyers, lawyers, preachers throughout the 20th century were dönme. But this phenomenon began in 1891 with the creation of the political organization of the Donme - the Committee "Unity and Progress", later called the "Young Turks", responsible for the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the genocide of the Christian peoples of Turkey.
***
In the 19th century, the international Jewish elite planned to establish a Jewish state in Palestine, but the problem was that Palestine was under Ottoman rule. The founder of the Zionist movement, Theodor Herzl, wanted to negotiate with the Ottoman Empire about Palestine, but failed. Therefore, the next logical step was to take control of the Ottoman Empire itself and destroy it in order to liberate Palestine and create Israel. That is why the Unity and Progress Committee was created under the guise of a secular Turkish nationalist movement. The committee held at least two congresses (in 1902 and 1907) in Paris, at which the revolution was planned and prepared. In 1908, the Young Turks launched their revolution and forced Sultan Abdul Hamid II into submission.
The notorious "evil genius of the Russian revolution" Alexander Parvus was the financial adviser to the Young Turks, and the first Bolshevik government of Russia allocated Ataturk 10 million rubles in gold, 45 thousand rifles and 300 machine guns with ammunition. One of the main, sacred, causes of the Armenian genocide was the fact that the Jews considered Armenians to be Amalekites, descendants of Amalek, the grandson of Esau. Esau himself was the elder twin brother of the founder of Israel, Jacob, who, taking advantage of the blindness of their father, Isaac, stole the birthright from his elder brother. Throughout history, the Amalekites were the main enemies of Israel, with whom David fought during the reign of Saul, who was killed by the Amalekite.
The head of the Young Turks was Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk), who was a donme and a direct descendant of the Jewish messiah Shabbtai Zvi. The Jewish writer and rabbi Joachim Prinz confirms this fact in his book The secret Jews on page 122:
“The Young Turk uprising in 1908 against the authoritarian regime of Sultan Abdul Hamid began among the intelligentsia of Thessaloniki. It was there that the need for a constitutional regime arose. Among the leaders of the revolution that led to a more modern government in Turkey were Javid Bey and Mustafa Kemal. Both were ardent dönmeh. Javid Bey became finance minister, Mustafa Kemal became the leader of the new regime and took the name Atatürk. His opponents tried to use his dönme affiliation to discredit him, but without success. Too many of the Young Turks in the newly formed revolutionary cabinet prayed to Allah, but their true prophet was Shabbtai Zvi, the Messiah of Smyrna (Izmir - author's note)."
October 14, 1922TheThe Literary Digest published an article titled "The Sort of Mustafa Kemal is" which stated:
"Spanish Jew by birth, orthodox Muslim by birth, trained at a German military college, patriot who studied the campaigns of the world's great generals, including Napoleon, Grant and Lee—these are said to be just a few of the outstanding personality traits of the new Man on Horseback, who appeared in the Middle East. He is a real dictator, correspondents testify, a man of the type who immediately becomes the hope and fear of peoples torn to pieces by unsuccessful wars. Unity and power returned to Turkey largely due to the will of Mustafa Kemal Pasha. Apparently no one has yet called him the "Napoleon of the Middle East", but probably some enterprising journalist will sooner or later; for Kemal's path to power, his methods are autocratic and elaborate, even his military tactics are said to be reminiscent of Napoleon."
In an article entitled "When Kemal Ataturk Recited Shema Yisrael", Jewish author Hillel Halkin quoted Mustafa Kemal Atatürk:
“I am a descendant of Shabbtai Zvi - no longer a Jew, but an ardent admirer of this prophet. I think every Jew in this country would do well to join his camp."
Gershom Scholem wrote in his book "Kabbalah" on pp. 330-331:
“Their liturgies were written in a very small format so that they could be easily hidden. All sects hid their internal affairs from the Jews and Turks so successfully that long time knowledge about them was based only on rumors and reports from outsiders. The Dönme manuscripts revealing the details of their Sabbatian ideas were only presented and examined after several Dönme families decided to fully assimilate into Turkish society and handed over their documents to Jewish friends in Thessaloniki and Izmir. As long as the Dönme were concentrated in Thessaloniki, the institutional framework of the sects remained intact, although a few members of the Dönme were active in the Young Turk movement that arose in that city. The first administration that came to power after the Young Turk revolution in 1909 included three Dönme ministers, including Finance Minister Javid Bek, who was a descendant of the Baruch Russo family and was one of the leaders of his sect. One claim commonly made by many of the Jews of Thessaloniki (denied, however, by the Turkish government) was that Kemal Atatürk was of Dönmeh origin. This view was eagerly supported by many of Atatürk's religious opponents in Anatolia.
The Inspector General of the Turkish Army in Armenia and the military governor of the Egyptian Sinai during World War I, Rafael de Nogales, wrote in his Four Years Beneath the Crescent on pages 26-27 that main architector Armenian Genocide Osman Talaat (Talaat) was dönme:
“It was a renegade of Hebrew (donme) from Thessaloniki, Talaat, the main organizer mass murder and deportations, who, while fishing in muddy water, succeeded in a career from a postal clerk humble rank to Grand Vizier of the Empire."
In one of Marcel Tinaire's articles in L "Illustration in December 1923, which was translated into English and published as "Saloniki", it is written:
"Today's Free Masonry-affiliated dönme, trained in Western universities, often professing total atheism, became the leaders of the Young Turks revolution. Talaat Bek, Javid Bek and many other members of the Unity and Progress Committee were donme from Thessaloniki.
The London Times on July 11, 1911, in the article "The Jews and the situation in Albania" wrote:
“It is generally known that under Masonic patronage, the Thessaloniki Committee was formed with the help of the Jews and Dönmeh or Crypto-Jews of Turkey, whose headquarters are in Thessaloniki, and whose organization, even under Sultan Abdul Hamid, took on a Masonic form. Jews such as Emmanuel Carasso, Salem, Sassoun, Farji, Meslach and Dönmeh, or crypto-Jews such as Javid Beck and the Balgy family, were influential in both the organization of the Committee and its work. central authority in Thessaloniki. These facts, which are known to every government in Europe, are also known throughout Turkey and the Balkans, where there is an increasing trend to hold the Jews and the Dönme responsible for the bloody blunders committed by the Committee».
On August 9, 1911, the same newspaper published a letter to its editors in Constantinople, in which there were comments on the situation from the chief rabbis. In particular, it was written:
“I will simply note that, according to the information that I have received from genuine Freemasons, most of the lodges founded under the auspices of the Grand Orient of Turkey since the Revolution were from the very beginning the face of the Unity and Progress Committee, and they were not then recognized by British Freemasons. . The first "Supreme Council" of Turkey, appointed in 1909, contained three Jews - Caronry, Cohen and Fari, and three Dönme - Djavidaso, Kibarasso and Osman Talaat (the main leader and organizer of the Armenian genocide - author's note)."
To be continued…
Alexander Nikishin for
In order to clarify the essence of the Armenian issue and the concept of "Armenian genocide", we will cite a number of excerpts from the book of the famous French historian Georges de Maleville "Armenian tragedy of 1915", published in Russian by the Baku publishing house "Elm" in 1990, and will try to comment on it.
In chapter I, Historical Frame of Events, he writes: geographically great Armenia constitutes a territory with indefinite boundaries, the approximate center of which was Mount Ararat (5.165 m) and which was bounded by three large lakes of the Caucasus: Sevan (Goycha) - from the northeast, Lake Van - from the southwest and Lake Urmia in Iranian Azerbaijan- from the southeast. It is impossible to determine the borders of Armenia in the past more accurately due to the lack of reliable data. As you know, today in the Central Caucasus there is an Armenian core - the Armenian SSR, 90% of the population of which, according to Soviet statistics, are Armenians. But it was not always so. The "six Armenian provinces" of Ottoman Turkey (Erzerum, Van, Bitlis, Diyarbekir, Elaziz and Sivas) were inhabited until 1914 by a large number of Armenians, who, however, were by no means the majority. Today, Armenians no longer live in Anatolia, and it is their disappearance that is blamed on the Turkish state.". However, as Georges de Maleville writes on p. 19, “ since 1632 the border has been changed as a result of the Russian invasion of the Caucasus. It became clear that political plans Russians were in the annexation of the Black Sea coast. In 1774, an agreement in Kuchuk-Keynar confirmed the loss of dominance over the Crimea by the Ottomans. On the eastern coast of the Black Sea, according to the 1812 treaty concluded in Bucharest, Abkhazia and Georgia ceded to Russia, annexed, however, since 1801. The war with Persia, which began in 1801, ended in 1828 with the transfer to Russia of all the territories of Persia north of the Araks, namely the Erivan Khanate. Under the Treaty of Turkmenchay, signed in March, Russia had a common border with Turkey, and, pushing back Persia, she gained dominance over part of the territory of Armenia(which has never existed there in history - ed.).
A month later, in April 1828, Loris-Melikov's army, which had come to end the Armenian campaign, occupied Turkish Anatolia as part of the operations of the Fifth Russo-Turkish War and laid siege for the first time in front of the fortress in Karey. It was during these events that for the first time the Armenian population of Turkey came out in support of the Russian army, which consisted of volunteers recruited in Erivan, driven to fanaticism by the Catholicos of Etchmiadzin and called upon to terrorize the Muslim population, raising the Armenian population of Turkey to revolt. The same scenario played out imperturbably for ninety years every time the Russian army made another breakthrough in the same territory, with the only nuance that, over time, Russian propaganda improved its methods, and starting from the moment when the "Armenian question" became an object of constant excitement, the Russian army was sure that it could count on Turkish territory and on the rear of the Turkish army, that is, on the assistance of bands of armed rebels who were waiting for a breakthrough Russian army will wear down the Turkish army and try to destroy it from the rear. After that there were more Russian-Turkish wars in 1833, 1877. 36 years passed before the next conflict, which began with the declaration of war on November 1, 1914. However, a long period of time was not in any way peaceful for Turkish Anatolia. Beginning in 1880, for the first time in its history, Turkish Armenia experienced riots, banditry and bloody riots that the Ottoman state tried to stop without much success. The riots followed a chronology that was not accidental: there were systematic riots, and the suppression of them, necessary to establish order, evoked enduring hatred in response.
Throughout the territory enclosed between Erzincayim and Erzerum in the north and Diyarbekir and Van in the south, sedition has been carried out for more than twenty years, with all the consequences that may flow from it, in a region remote from the center and difficult to govern.". Here, as evidenced Russian sources, the river flowed weapons from Russia.
“On the first of November 1914, Turkey was forced to enter the war,” continues Georges de Maleville. In the spring of 1915, the Turkish government decided to resettle the Armenian population of eastern Anatolia to Syria and the mountainous part of Mesopotamia, which were then Turkish territory. They prove to us that it was allegedly about a beating, about a measure of disguised destruction. We will try to analyze whether this is so or not. But before setting out and studying these events, it is necessary to consider the disposition of forces along the front line during the war. At the beginning of 1915, the Russians, without the knowledge of the Turks, take a maneuver and, bypassing Ararat, descend south along the Persian border. It was then that the rebellion of the Armenians inhabiting Van broke out, which led to the first significant deportation of the Armenian population during the war. This should be considered in more detail.
A telegram from the governor of Van, dated March 20, 1915, reports an armed uprising and specifies: " We believe that there are more than 2000 rebels. We are trying to suppress this uprising.". Efforts were, however, in vain, since on March 23 the same governor reports that the mutiny was spreading to nearby villages. A month later, the situation became desperate. Here is what the Governor telegraphed on April 24: 4,000 rebels gathered in the region. The rebels cut off roads, attack nearby villages and subdue them. Currently, many women and children are left without a hearth and a home. Should these women and children (Muslims) not be transported to western provinces? » Unfortunately, they couldn’t do it then, and here are the consequences.
« The Caucasian army of Russia begins an offensive in the direction of Van, - tells us the American historian Stanford J. Shaw. (S. J. Shaw, vol. 2, p. 316). — This army includes a large number of Armenian volunteers. Departing from Yerevan on April 28, ... they reached Van on May 14, organized and carried out a massacre of the local Muslim population. Over the next two days, an Armenian state was established in Van under the protection of the Russians, and it seemed that it could hold on after the disappearance of representatives of the Muslim population, killed or put to flight.«.
« The Armenian population of the city of Van before these tragic events was only 33,789 people, i.e., only 42% of total population". (S. J. Shaw p. 316). The number of Muslims was 46,661 people, of which, apparently, the Armenians killed about 36,000 people, which is an act of genocide (author's note). This gives an idea of the scale of the beatings carried out on the unarmed population (Muslim men were at the front) for the simple purpose of making room. There was nothing accidental or unexpected in these actions. Here is what another historian, Valiy, writes: “ In April 1915, Armenian revolutionaries captured the city of Van and established an Armenian headquarters there under the command of Aram and Varelu.(two leaders of the revolutionary party "Dashnak"). the 6th of May(perhaps according to the old calendar) they opened the city to the Russian army after the cleansing of the area from all Muslims... Among the most famous Armenian leaders (in Van) was the former member of the Turkish parliament Pasdermajian, known as Garro. He led the Armenian volunteers when clashes broke out between Turks and Russians". (Felix Valyi "Revolutions in Islam", Londres, 1925, p. 253).
On May 18, 1915, the tsar, moreover, expressed " gratitude to the Armenian population of Van for their devotion”(Gyuryun, p. 261), and Aram Manukyan was appointed Russian governor. The show continues the description of the events that followed.
« Thousands of Armenian residents of Mush, as well as other important centers of the eastern regions of Turkey, began to flock to the new Armenian state, and among them were columns of fugitive prisoners ... In mid-June, at least 250,000 Armenians were concentrated in the area of the city of Van ... However, in early July Ottoman units pushed back the Russian army. The retreating army was accompanied by thousands of Armenians: they were fleeing punishment for the murders that the stillborn state allowed(S. J. Shaw, p. 316).
The Armenian author Khovanesyan, who is violently hostile towards the Turks, writes: “ The panic was indescribable. After a month of resistance to the governor, after the liberation of the city, after the establishment of the Armenian government, everything was lost. More than 200,000 refugees fled with the retreating Russian army in Transcaucasia, losing the brightest thing they had, and falling into endless traps set by the Kurds” (Hovannisian, “Road to independence”, p. 53, cite par Shaue).
We dwelled in such detail on the events in Van because, unfortunately, they are a sad example. First, it is clear to what extent armed uprisings in regions with a significant Armenian minority were widespread and dangerous for the Ottoman troops who fought against the Russians. Here it is quite clear and obvious we are talking about betrayal in the face of the enemy. By the way, such behavior of the Armenians today is systematically obscured by authors who are favorable to their claims - all this is simply denied: the truth bothers them.
On the other hand, the official telegrams of the Turks confirm the opinion of all objective authors that the Armenian leaders systematically suppressed the Muslim majority local population in order to be able to seize the territory (that is, they simply cut out all the children, women, old people - ed.). We have already spoken about this and we repeat it again: nowhere in ottoman empire the Armenian population, which resettled itself voluntarily, did not even make up a small majority, which could allow the creation of an autonomous Armenian region. Under these conditions, for the success of their policy, the Armenian revolutionaries had no choice but to turn the minority into a majority by destroying the Muslim population. They resorted to this procedure every time they had a free hand, besides with the support of the Russians themselves, finally, and this is the main element in our evidence, when trying to calculate the number of Armenians allegedly destroyed by the Turks, an honest observer would by no means must equate the number of missing persons with the number of victims; throughout the war, the insane hope of achieving the establishment of an autonomous Armenian state under the auspices of the Russians turned for the Armenian population of Turkey into obsession. Khovanesyan, an Armenian author, also tells us about this: “ A reckless armed rebellion in Van brought 200,000 Armenians from all points of eastern Anatolia to him, who then fled from there, overcoming 3,000-meter mountains, to then return to Erzurum and again escape from there with other Armenians, and so on.". It is inevitable that a population that has experienced such severe suffering in the midst of a war will be greatly reduced in numbers. However, justice does not allow the Turks to be blamed for these human losses, which occurred solely due to the circumstances of the war and the insane propaganda that for decades poisoned Turkish Armenians and forced to believe that they will be able to create an independent state through rebellion or murder, while they were everywhere a minority. Let's return to the history of battles.
The Turkish breakthrough turned out to be short-lived, and in August the Turks were forced to cede Van again to the Russians. The Eastern Front until the end of 1915 was established along the Van-Agri-Khorasan line. But in February 1916, the Russians launched a powerful offensive in two directions: one around Lake Van with south side and further to Bitlis and Mush, the second - from Kars to Erzrum, which was taken on February 16. Here, too, the Russians were accompanied by irregular columns of Armenians, determined to crush everything in their path.
Shaw writes: This was followed by the worst beating of the entire war: more than a million Muslim peasants were forced to flee. Thousands of them were cut to pieces while trying to escape with the Ottoman army retreating to Erzincan."(Show S. Pzh, p. 323).
One can only wonder at the magnitude of this figure: it gives an idea of the reputation for brutality that the Armenian auxiliaries have acquired and maintained through constant terror (the Russian army, of course, has nothing to do with this).
On April 18, Trabzon was taken by the Russians, in July - Erzincan, even Sivas was under threat. However, the Russian offensive in the south around Lake Van was repulsed. In the autumn of 1916, the front was in the form of a semicircle that included Trabzon and Erzincan in Russian territory and reached Bitlis in the south. This front remains until the spring of 1918.
Of course, the Armenian revolutionary organizations believed that the victory of the Russians was assured, and imagined, " that their dream would come true, especially since the port of Trabzon was part of the newly occupied territories. A huge number of Armenians flocked to the Erzrum region - refugees from Van, as well as emigrants from Russian Armenia. Throughout 1917, the Russian army was paralyzed by the St. Petersburg revolution. On December 18, 1917, the Bolsheviks signed a truce in Erzincan with the Ottoman government, and this was followed by the conclusion of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk on March 3, 1918, which announced the return of Turkey eastern territories taken from her in 1878. The Russians returned Kara and Ardagan, and "Armenia" was thus reduced to its natural densely populated territory - Russian Armenia, which Armenian gangs created in 1905-1907. as a result of the massacre of Azerbaijanis(However, it should be noted that here, too, the Armenians did not make up the majority at that time, until the end of the forties of the twentieth century - ed.).
But the Armenians did not agree on this. Starting on January 13, 1918, they began to acquire weapons from the Bolsheviks, who recalled their units from the front.(TsGAAR, D-T, No. 13). Then, on February 10, 1918, together with the Georgians and Azerbaijanis, they formed a single socialist republic of Transcaucasia with Menshevik tendencies, which rejected in advance the terms of the agreement that were to be accepted in Brest-Litovsk. Finally, taking advantage of the decision of the Russian army, non-combatant Armenian units organized a systematic beating of the Muslim population in Erzinjan and Erzrum, accompanied by indescribable horrors, which were then told by outraged Russian officers". (Khleboc, journal de guerre du 2nd regiment d'artillerie, cite par Durun, p. 272).
The goal was still the same: to make room in order to provide Armenian immigrants with the exclusive right to the territory in the eyes of international public opinion. Shaw states that the Turkish population of the five provinces of Trabzon, Erzincan, Erzrum, Van and Bitlis, which was 3,300,000 in 1914, became 600,000 refugees after the war (ibid., p. 325).
On June 4, 1918, the Caucasian republics signed an agreement with Turkey, which confirmed the terms of the Brest-Litovsk agreement and recognized the borders of 1877, thus allowing Turkish troops to bypass Armenia from the south and recapture Baku from the British, which they did on September 14, 1918. The Mudros Agreement of October 30, 1918 found Turkish troops in Baku. In the subsequent period of the expansion of the Ottoman Empire, the Armenians tried to take advantage of the retreat of the Turkish troops: on April 19, 1919, they again occupied Kars (Georgians - Ardagan). This means that the front line was again pushed to the west almost along the 1878 border. From there, for eighteen months, the Armenians made countless raids on the outskirts of the territories they occupied, namely in northwest direction to the Black Sea and Trabzon (Gyuryun, 295 - 318), who refers to the memoirs of General Kazim Karzbekir and two witnesses - Rawlinson (English) and Robert Dan (American).
And, of course, they again tried to increase the Armenian population of Kars, and they did it by well-known methods, that is, through total terror and murders. Fate decreed otherwise. Thanks to Mustafa Kemal, Turkey restored its forces, and on September 28, 1920, General Kazim Karabekir launched an offensive against the Armenians. On October 30, he took Kars, and on November 7, Alexandropol (Gyumri). For the third time in 5 years of war, a huge mass of Armenians fled before the onset of the Turkish army, thus expressing in their own way their refusal to submit to the Turkish government.
Thus ends the story of the migration of the Armenian population on the Eastern Front. However, this population could never actually be taken into account in the statistics of the notorious "beatings" committed by the Turks against the Armenians. All that is known about him is that the survivors, their number is very unclear, after terrible trials, reached Soviet Armenia. But how many of these unfortunate people were sent by human and criminally absurd propaganda at the height of the war to the line of fire in order to build a chimerical state there by exterminating the indigenous local population?
However, in order to more clearly imagine what happened in 1915, let us return to the events unfolding around the Armenians in the pre-war period, that is, before the start of the First World War of 1914-1918.
About who worked for the promotion and use of the Armenians for their own purposes, it is quite eloquently stated in the letter of the tsar's governor in the Caucasus, Vorontsov-Dashkov, which we present below.
On October 10, 1912, the governor of Nicholas II in the Caucasus, I.K. Vorontsov-Dashkov, wrote to the emperor Russian Empire: « Your Majesty knows that in the entire history of our relations with Turkey in the Caucasus up to the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878, which ended with the annexation of the present Batum and Kars regions to our territory, Russian policy has been constantly based on a benevolent attitude towards the Armenians since Peter the Great, who paid for it to us during the hostilities active assistance troops. With the accession to our possessions of the so-called Armenian region, in which Etchmiadzin, the cradle of Armenian Gregorianism, was located. Emperor Nikolai Pavlovich used a lot of effort to create a trustee of the Turkish and Persian Armenians from the Patriarch of Etchmiadzin, rightly believing that he would thereby achieve beneficial influence for Russia among the Christian population of Asia Minor, through which the path of our primordial offensive movement to the southern seas ran. Patronizing the Armenians, we acquired loyal allies who always rendered great services to us ... It was carried out consistently and steadily for almost a century and a half"(" Red Archive ", No. 1 (26). M., pp. 118-120).
So, the policy of using Armenians in the fight against the Turks and Azerbaijanis by Russia began from the time of Peter 1 and has been going on for about 250 years. By the hands of the Armenians, who, as the prosecutor of the Etchmiadzin Synod aptly put it. A.Frenkel, "only superficially touched civilization«, Russia is implementing the precepts of Peter I. « And the infidels of these zealously quietly reduce so that they do not know this". Yes, history, which no matter how much you hush up or distort, has preserved true position things in the Caucasus of the so-called Armenian region, in which Echmiadzin (Uch muAdzin - Three Churches) is located, and Iravan, i.e. Yerevan. By the way, the flag of the Iravan Khanate is in Baku, in the museum.
In 1828, on February 10, according to the Turkmenchay Treaty, the Nakhchivan and Iravan khanates became part of the Russian Empire. The Iravan Khanate offered heroic resistance to the Russian hordes for 23 years. Armenians also fought as part of the Russian troops. In 1825, the population of the Iravan Khanate was made up of Muslim Azerbaijanis (more than 95%) and Kurds. In 1828, Russia, having spent huge material resources, resettled 120 thousand Armenians within the borders of the defeated Iravan Khanate.
And from 1829 to 1918, about 300 thousand more Armenians were settled there, and even after that, the Armenians in the Erivan, Etchmiadzin provinces and in other regions of the so-called Russian Armenia nowhere constituted the majority of the population. Their national composition nowhere exceeded 30-40% of the total local population in 1917. So, the table of the population of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, compiled according to the "Caucasian calendar for 1917", shows that in the part of the Erivan province, which is part of Azerbaijan, 129,586 Muslims lived, and 80,530 Armenians, which accounted for 61% and 38%, respectively. And in the document submitted to the Chairman of the Paris Peace Conference - a note of protest. The Azerbaijani Peace Delegation dated August 16/19, 1919 on the recognition of the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan (given with abbreviations - author's note) says: “ Being deprived of the opportunity to receive regular and private relations with their capital, the city of Baku, the Azerbaijani peace delegation learned only from the latest half-hearted official reports about the sad fate that the Karskaya region, the Nakhchivan, Sharuro-Daralagezsk, Surmalinsky districts and part of the Erivan district of the Erivan province were subjected to , with the exception of the Ardagan district, to the Kars region forcibly to the territory of the Armenian Republic. All these lands were occupied by Turkish troops, who remained in them until the armistice was signed. After the departure of the latter, the Kars and Batumi regions, together with the Akhaliih and Akhalkalaki districts of the Tiflis province, formed an independent republic of the South-Western Caucasus, headed by a provisional government in the city of Kars.
This provisional government was composed by the then-convened parliament. Despite such a clearly expressed will of the population of the aforementioned regions, the neighboring republics, in violation of the principle of free self-determination of peoples, made a number of attempts and forcibly seized part of the Republic of the South-Western Caucasus and in the end achieved that the Kars parliament and government were dissolved by a decree of General Thomson, and members government arrested and sent to Batumi. At the same time, the dissolution and arrests were motivated by the fact that the Kars parliament and government seemed to be holding a hostile orientation, which, by the way, the Allied Command was incorrectly informed by the parties interested in this region. After that, the Kars region, under the guise of settling refugees, was occupied by Armenian and Georgian troops, and the occupation of the region was accompanied by armed clashes. Deeply sympathizing with the cause of the resettlement of refugees in their places, the Azerbaijani Foreign Minister, in his protest dated April 30 of this year, wrote to the commander of the Allied Forces that this placement should take place with the assistance of the British troops, and not the Armenian military forces, striving not so much to settle refugees to places, how much to the forcible capture and consolidation of this area.
As a simple spectator, the Republic of Azerbaijan cannot and should not be indifferent to such a fate of the Kars region. At the same time, one should not forget that it was in the Kars region, which relatively recently belonged to Turkey (until 1877), that the attitude of Armenians towards Muslims always left much to be desired. During the last war, however, these relations became very aggravated in connection with the events of December 1914, when Turkish troops temporarily occupied the Ardagan district, the city of Ardagan and part of the Kars district; after the retreat of the Turks, Russian troops began to destroy the Muslim population, betraying everything to fire and sword. And in these bloody events that fell on the heads of the innocent Muslim population, the local Armenians expressed a clearly hostile attitude and in places, as was the case, for example, even in the cities of Kars and Ardagan, they not only incited the Cossacks against the Muslims, but they themselves slaughtered the latter mercilessly. All these circumstances cannot, of course, speak of a calm living together Muslims of the Kars region under the control of the Armenian authorities.
Realizing this, the Muslim population of the region itself, through deputations and with the help of written requests, has recently repeatedly addressed the Azerbaijani government with a statement that it cannot and will not be able to submit to the power of the Armenians, and therefore asks for the annexation of the region to the territory of the Azerbaijan Republic. Even less can the Republic of Azerbaijan reconcile with the transfer of control of the counties of Nakhichevan, Sharuro-Daralagez, Surmalin and part of the Erivan county to the government of Armenia ...
She finds that the transfer of control of an integral part of the territory of Azerbaijan allowed a clear violation of the undoubted right of the Azerbaijan Republic to the counties: Nakhichevan, Sharuro-Daralagez, Surmalinsky and part of the Erivan county. This act creates a source of constant misunderstandings and even clashes between the local Muslim population and the Armenian Republic.
These regions are inhabited by Muslim Azerbaijanis, who are one people, one nationality with the indigenous population of Azerbaijan, completely homogeneous not only in faith, but also in ethnic composition, language, customs and way of life.
It is enough to take the ratio of Muslims and Armenians to resolve the issue of the ownership of these lands in favor of Azerbaijan. Thus, there are not only more than half of the Muslim Azerbaijanis, but their significant majority in all districts, especially in the Sharuro-Daralagez district - 72.3%. For the Erivan uyezd, figures are taken that refer to the population of the entire uyezd. But that part of this county, which was transferred to the administration of the Armenian government and which consists of the regions of Vedi-Basar and Millistan, contains about 90% of the Muslim population.
This is precisely the part of the Erivan district that suffered the most from the Armenian military units under various names - "Vanians", "Sasunians", who, like the gangs of Andronicus, slaughtered the Muslim population, not sparing the elderly and children, burned entire villages, subjected villages to shelling from cannons and an armored train, dishonored Muslim women, ripped open the stomachs of the dead, they gouged out eyes, and sometimes burned corpses, they also robbed the population and generally committed unheard-of atrocities. By the way, an outrageous fact took place in the Vedi-Basar region, when the same Armenian detachments in the villages of Karakhach, Kadyshu, Karabaglar, Agasibekdy, Dehnaz slaughtered all the men, and then took several hundred handsome men into captivity. married women and girls who were handed over to the Armenian "warriors". The latter kept these unfortunate victims of the Armenian atrocities with them for a long time, despite the fact that after the protest of the Azerbaijani government even the Armenian parliament intervened in the matter ”(TsGAOR Az. SSR, f, 894. from 10, d. 104, fol. 1-3) .
The information contained in the note of protest of the Republic of Azerbaijan, which they quote, presented to the Chairman of the Paris Peace Conference, eloquently testifies that Armenians have never had a homeland in Armenia (Russian), since they did not form a majority anywhere. This document testifies that in Batumi, Akhalsalaki, Akhaltsikhe, Kars, Nakhichevan, Echmiadzin, Yerevan, etc., Muslim Azerbaijanis have always lived, moreover, in the majority.
Contrary to common sense, the Armenian Republic was established in 1918 by the will of England in the territories that belonged to Azerbaijanis from time immemorial.
England thus solved a double task: “created a buffer Christian state between Turkey and Russia and cut off Turkey from the entire Turkic world (and in 1922, by the will of the leadership of the USSR, Zangezur was taken from Azerbaijan and transferred to Armenia. Thus, Turkey finally lost direct land access to to the Turkic world, which stretches in a wide strip from the Balkans to the Korean Peninsula. What motivated England and the Entente in deciding to create an Armenian state from scratch? Apparently, anti-Turkism and anti-Islamism! And besides this, the successful development of the brilliant Porte, which stretched from Asia Minor to the middle of Europe and organically combined the interests of both Muslim and Christian peoples subject to it.It is not without reason that for the first time in world practice the Ottoman Empire created the institution of the "Ombudsman" - the defender of human rights, regardless of the religious, national and property affiliation of the subjects of the empire, which effectively protected the entire population from the will of the bureaucratic apparatus of power.
Excerpt from the book GREAT LIE ABOUT "GREAT ARMENIA" Takhira Mobil oglu. Baku "Araz" -2009 pp.58-69
I want to live in big country,
There is no such thing, you need to create it
There is a desire, the main thing is to manage
And I will surely get tired of exterminating the people.
Timur Valois "Mad King"
These events took place in 1915, when the Armenian people were subjected to genocide, about 1.5 million people were killed. The defenseless people were torn to pieces by the Turks and the bloodthirsty Kurds.
The bloody drama was preceded by a whole chain of events, and until very recently the poor Armenian people still hoped for salvation.
"Unity and Progress"?
The Armenian people lived in the valleys, were engaged in agriculture, were successful businessmen, had good teachers and doctors. Often they were attacked by the Kurds, who played a terrible role in all Armenian pogroms, including in 1915. Armenia is a strategically important country. Throughout the history of wars, many conquerors have tried to capture North Caucasus how important geographical feature. The same Timur, when he moved his army to the North Caucasus, dealt with the peoples living in those territories where the foot of the great conqueror stepped, many peoples fled (for example, Ossetians) from their original places. Any forced migration of ethnic groups in the past, in the future will serve as armed ethnic conflicts.
Armenia was part of the Ottoman Empire, which, like a colossus on clay feet, lived out its last days. Many contemporaries of that time said that they did not meet a single Armenian who did not know Turkish language. This only shows how closely the Armenian people were tied to the Ottoman Empire.
But what was the fault of the Armenian people, for which they were subjected to such terrible trials? Why dominant nation always trying to infringe on the rights national minorities? To be realistic, the wealthy and wealthy class always acted as interested people, for example, the Turkish Effendi were the richest caste of that time, and the Turkish people themselves were illiterate, typical Asian people of that time. It is not difficult to create an image of the enemy and incite hatred. But after all, every nation has the right to its existence and survival, the preservation of its culture and traditions.
The saddest thing is that history has taught nothing, the same Germans condemned the massacre of Armenians, but in the end, there is no need to describe what happened on Kristallnacht and in the Auschwitz and Dachau camps. Looking back, we find that already in the 1st century AD, about a million Jews were subjected to genocide when the Roman troops took Jerusalem, according to the laws of that time, all the inhabitants of the city should be killed. According to Tacitus, about 600 thousand Jews lived in Jerusalem, according to another historian Josephus Flavius, about 1 million.
The Armenians were not the last in the "list of the elect", the same fate was prepared for the Greeks and Bulgarians. They wanted to exterminate the latter as a nation, through assimilation.
At that time, there were no people in all of Asia Minor that could resist Armenian education, they were engaged in crafts, trade, built bridges to European progress, were excellent doctors and teachers. The empire was falling apart, the sultans were not able to govern the state, their rule turned into agony. They could not forgive the Armenians that their well-being is growing, that the Armenian people are getting richer, that the Armenian people are raising the level of education in European institutions.
Turkey was really very weak at that time, it was necessary to abandon the old methods, but the national dignity was hurt most of all, that the Turks were not able to show independence for creation. And then there is the people who are constantly declaring to the whole world that they are being exterminated.
In 1878, at the Berlin Congress, under pressure from the West, Turkey was supposed to ensure a normal life for the Christian population within the empire, but Turkey did nothing.
The Armenians were daily waiting for extermination, the reign of Sultan Abdul-Hamid was bloody. When internal political crises occur in the country, in fact, uprisings were expected in some parts of the country, in order for them not to happen, the peoples did not raise their heads too high, the empire was constantly shaking from repressions. You can, if you want to draw an analogy with Russia, in order to distract people from economic and political problems, they arranged Jewish pogroms. To incite confessional hatred, Armenians were credited with sabotage, the Muslim people went berserk when many "brothers in faith" died as a result of sabotage. Again, I would like to give an example from Russian history, when there was the so-called "Beilis Case", when the Jew Beilis was accused of ritual murder 12 summer boy.
In 1906, a revolution broke out in Thessaloniki, uprisings broke out in Albania, Thrace, the peoples of these regions sought to free themselves from the Ottoman yoke. The Turkish government is at an impasse. And in Macedonia, young Turkish officers revolted, generals and many spiritual leaders joined them. The army was moved into the mountains, and an ultimatum was issued that if the government did not resign, the troops would enter Constantinople. What is most remarkable, Abdul-Hamid failed and became the head of the revolutionary committee. This military mutiny is rightly called one of the most amazing. The rebellious officers and the entire movement itself are usually called the Young Turks.
At that daylight hours Greeks, Turks and Armenians were like brothers, together they rejoiced at new events and waited for changes in their lives.
Thanks to his financial capabilities, Abdul-Hamid raised the country against the Young Turks in order to discredit their rule, the first mass genocide in the history of the Armenian people was committed, which claimed the lives of more than 200 thousand people. Meat was torn from the men and thrown to the dogs, thousands of people were burned alive. The Young Turks were forced to flee, but then the army under the command of Mehmet Shovket Pasha, which saved the country, marched on Constantinople and captured the palace. Abdul-Hamid was exiled to Thessaloniki, his brother Mehmed Reshad took his place. An important point is that the terrible extermination served to form the Armenian party "Dushnaktsutyun", which was guided by democratic principles. This party had much in common with the Young Turks' Unity and Progress party, wealthy Armenian leaders helped those who, in fact, as history will show, were simply eager for power. It is also important that the Armenian people helped the Young Turks, when the people of Abdul-Hamid sought out the revolutionaries, the Armenians hid them at home. Helping them, the Armenians believed and hoped for a better life, later the Young Turks will thank them ... in the Kemakh gorge.
In 1911, the Young Turks deceived the Armenians and did not give them the 10 seats promised in the parliament, but the Armenians put up with this, even when Turkey entered the First World War in 1914, the Armenians considered themselves the defenders of the Turkish fatherland.
The parliament was formed only from the Turks, there were no Arabs, no Greeks, and even more so Armenians. What was going on in the Committee, no one could know. Dictatorship came to Turkey, nationalist mentality in Turkish society grew. The presence of incompetent people in the government could not give the country development.
Extermination according to plan
- The gray hair of your hair inspires confidence,
You know a lot, you reject ignorance.
I have a problem, can you tell me the answer?
- Get rid of the problem, there will be no headache!
Timur Valois "Wisdom of gray hair"
What else can be called, the craving for the birth of an empire, the conquest of the world? I use lexical wealth Russian language, you can pick up a lot of words, but let's focus on the generally accepted ones - imperial ambitions or great-power chauvinism. Unfortunately, if a person has a desire to create an empire, even if he does not create one, then many lives will be laid in the foundation of an initially fragile building.
Germany already had her own thoughts about Turkey, but the incessant slaughter forced her to send her representatives in order to reason with the government of the Turks. Anvar Pasha, the leader of the Young Turks, amazed everyone by showing what an amateur he was in political affairs, and apart from conquering the world, he saw nothing more. Turkish Alexander the Great already saw the borders of the future Turkey next to China.
Mass agitation began, calls for ethnic revival. Something from a series of the Aryan nation, only in the title role with the Turks. The struggle for national revival began with enthusiasm, poems about the power and strength of the Turkish people were ordered from poets, signs of companies in European languages, even in German, were removed in Constantinople. The Greek and Armenian press were punished with fines, then they were closed altogether. They wanted to make the city a kind of sacred place for all Turks.
The first massacre awaited the Armenians, as the most defenseless people, then the turn was to reach the Jews and Greeks. Then, if Germany loses the war, expel all Germans. They didn’t forget about the Arabs, but after thinking they decided to forget it, because although there were amateurs in politics, but after analyzing that the Arab world would not allow impudent treatment of itself and could put an end to the nascent ghostly empire of the Turks, they decided not to touch the Arabs. Of course, the religious issue also played a role, the Koran forbids Muslims from war with each other, the war of brother against brother, whoever hits his brother will burn in hell forever. It is impossible to cancel the laws of religion, if you give up religion and neglect, then all plans will fail, and especially in the Muslim world, where for many there are only laws written in the Koran. Thus, leaving the Arabs alone, deciding once and for all to put an end to the presence of the Christian religion in their country, the authorities decided to deport the Armenians. By arresting 600 Armenian intellectuals in Constantinople and expelling them all from Anatolia, the Turkish government deprived the Armenian people of leaders.
On April 21, 1915, a plan for the extermination of Armenians was already drawn up, both military and civilians received it.
Armenian Genocide
The Armenian question is a set of such fundamental issues of the political history of the Armenian people as the liberation of Armenia from foreign invaders, the restoration of a sovereign Armenian state in the Armenian Highlands, a targeted policy of extermination and eradication of Armenians through mass pogroms and deportations in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. from the Ottoman Empire, the Armenian liberation struggle, international recognition Armenian Genocide.
What is the Armenian Genocide?
The Armenian Genocide is the massacre of the Armenian population of the Ottoman Empire during the First World War.
These beatings were carried out in different regions of the Ottoman Empire by the government of the Young Turks, who were in power at that time.
The first international reaction to the violence was expressed in the joint statement of Russia, France and Great Britain in May 1915, where the atrocities against the Armenian people were defined as "new crimes against humanity and civilization". The parties agreed that the Turkish government should be punished for the crime.
How many people died during the Armenian Genocide?
On the eve of World War I, two million Armenians lived in the Ottoman Empire. About one and a half million were destroyed during the period from 1915 to 1923. The remaining half a million Armenians were scattered throughout the world.
Why was the genocide against the Armenians carried out?
With the outbreak of the First World War, the Young Turk government, hoping to preserve the remnants of the weakened Ottoman Empire, adopted the policy of pan-Turkism - the creation of a huge Turkish empire, absorbing the entire Turkic-speaking population of the Caucasus, Central Asia, Crimea, the Volga region, Siberia, and extending to the borders of China. The policy of Turkism assumed the Turkization of all national minorities of the empire. The Armenian population was considered the main obstacle to the implementation of this project.
Although the decision to deport all Armenians from Western Armenia(Eastern Turkey) was adopted at the end of 1911, the Young Turks used the outbreak of the First World War as an opportunity to implement it.
Genocide Implementation Mechanism
Genocide is an organized mass destruction groups of people, requiring central planning and the creation of an internal mechanism for its implementation. This is what makes genocide a state crime, since only the state has the resources that can be used in such a scheme.
On April 24, 1915, with the arrest and subsequent extermination of about a thousand representatives of the Armenian intelligentsia, mainly from the capital of the Ottoman Empire, Constantinople (Istanbul), the first stage of the extermination of the Armenian population began. Today, April 24 is celebrated by Armenians around the world as a day of remembrance for the victims of the Genocide.
The second stage " final decision» Armenian Question about three hundred thousand Armenian men were drafted into the Turkish army, later disarmed and killed by their Turkish colleagues.
The third stage of the Genocide was marked by massacres, deportations and "death marches" of women, children and the elderly into the Syrian desert, where hundreds of thousands of people were killed by Turkish soldiers, gendarmes and Kurdish gangs, or died of starvation and epidemics. Thousands of women and children were subjected to violence. Tens of thousands were forcibly converted to Islam.
The last stage of the Genocide is the total and absolute denial by the Turkish government of the massacres and extermination of Armenians in their own homeland. Despite the process of international condemnation of the Armenian Genocide, Turkey continues to fight against its recognition by all means, including propaganda, falsification scientific facts, lobbying, etc..
Commemorative events dedicated to the centenary of the Armenian Genocide in the Ottoman Empire will be held in different countries of the world in the coming days. Divine services will be held in churches, memorial evenings will be held in all organized Armenian communities with concerts, the opening of khachkars (traditional Armenian stone steles with the image of a cross), exhibitions of archival materials.
In addition, 100 bells will be heard in Christian churches around the world.
It was the first genocide of the 20th century. I am ashamed and regretful that Israel has not yet officially recognized him for political reasons. Forgive us, Armenians, and blessed memory of those who died. Amen.
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