“Comrades, allow me to raise one more, last toast.

I'd like to raise a toast to our health Soviet people and, above all, the Russian people (Stormy prolonged applause, shouts of "Hurrah").

I drink, first of all, to the health of the Russian people, because they are the most outstanding nation of all the nations that make up Soviet Union.

I raise a toast to the health of the Russian people because they have earned general recognition in this war, as leading force Soviet Union among all the peoples of our country.

I raise a toast to the health of the Russian people, not only because they are the leading people, but also because they have a clear mind, persistent character and patience.

Our government made many mistakes, we had moments of desperate situation in 1941-1942, when our army retreated, left our native villages and cities of Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Leningrad region, the Baltic States, the Karelian-Finnish Republic, left because there was no other way out. Another people could say to the Government: you have not lived up to our expectations, go away, we will install another government that will make peace with Germany and ensure peace for us. But the Russian people did not agree to this, because they believed in the correctness of the policy of their Government and made sacrifices in order to ensure the defeat of Germany. And this is the trust of the Russian people Soviet government proved to be the decisive force that ensured historic victory over the enemy of mankind - over fascism.

Thanks to him, the Russian people, for this trust!

For the health of the Russian people! (Stormy, long-lasting applause.)

CONTEXT. On May 8, 1945, an act was signed in the Berlin suburb of Karlshorst. unconditional surrender Germany. On May 9, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief spoke with historical conversion to the Soviet people about the end of the war. A few days later he ordered General Staff start preparations for the parade of winners on Red Square with the participation of representatives of all fronts and all branches of the armed forces. They also expressed the desire to celebrate the victory, according to Russian custom, with a feast, arranging a gala dinner in the Kremlin in honor of the commanders of the fronts and other military men.

This reception took place in the St. George Hall of the Grand Kremlin Palace on May 24, 1945 - exactly one month before the famous victory parade. The choice of venue for the celebration was not accidental. This grandiose building of the Grand Kremlin Palace, built in 1838-1849, was considered Imperial Russia the main ceremonial premises of the Moscow Kremlin. The White Georgievsky Hall is one of the order halls, which embodies the idea of ​​remembering the generations of people who selflessly served Russia and gave their lives in battles for it. In this hall, which received its name in honor of the Order of St. George, there are marble plaques with the names of 546 regiments and the names of the Knights of St. George.

Stalin's toast to the Russian people sounded the last, final.

Stalin I. About the Great Patriotic War Soviet Union. M., 1947.

Opened at the end of December how-be-historical exhibition about Russian history in Perm...

Stalin makes a toast: "For the Russian people!"

At the recently opened exhibition in Perm, Russia is My History, Stalin’s quote is presented as brief retelling, completely perverted the meaning of the saying. At the exposition dedicated to the 20th century, on the stand entitled “The Toast of Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin”, there is next text: “I drink to the great Russian people. Another people would have kicked us out."

However, in reality, the famous toast delivered by I. V. Stalin at the Kremlin reception on May 24, 1945 in honor of the commanders of the Red Army, sounded completely different:

“Comrades, allow me to raise one more, last toast. I, as a representative of our Soviet government, would like to raise a toast to the health of our Soviet people and, above all, the Russian people. I drink, first of all, to the health of the Russian people, because they are the most outstanding nation of all the nations that make up the Soviet Union. I raise a toast to the health of the Russian people because in this war they deserved and previously deserved the title, if you will, of the leading force of our Soviet Union among all the peoples of our country. I raise a toast to the health of the Russian people, not only because they are the leading people, but also because they have common sense, general political common sense and patience. Our government made many mistakes, we had moments of a desperate situation in 1941-42, when our army retreated, left our native villages and cities in Ukraine, Belarus, Moldavia, the Leningrad Region, the Karelian-Finnish Republic, left because there was no another exit. Some other people could say: you have not justified our hopes, we will install another government that will make peace with Germany and ensure peace for us. It could happen, mind you. But the Russian people did not agree to this, the Russian people did not compromise, they showed boundless confidence in our government. I repeat, we made mistakes, for the first two years our army was forced to retreat, it turned out that we did not master the events, did not cope with the situation that had arisen. However, the Russian people believed, endured, waited and hoped that we would still cope with the events. For this trust in our government, which the Russian people have shown us, we thank him very much! For the health of the Russian people!”

The words “would kick out”, which are indicated as a quote, are absent in Stalin’s real quote. The text, presented as Stalin's saying, is thus understood in a Russophobic vein: passive and the most narrow-minded of all peoples, the Russian people are ready to endure anything over themselves. In reality, however, Stalin extols the Russian people as leading, self-possessed, outstanding from other peoples.

Recall that earlier in Perm, at the exhibition “Russia is my history”, at the exposition dedicated to the 20th century, Lenin’s “quote” was found, which is fake, in which Lenin allegedly calls for the shooting of the clergy. In fact, the source of this “quote” is the white émigré Bulletin of the Russian Student Christian Movement for 1970, No. 98; such words are absent in the actual party archives and collected works of Lenin.

Here, some may think that they say, there was a mistake. Well, think about it, well, they quoted it incorrectly. However, this is not true, this is clearly intentional misinformation, simply a lie, with completely separate malicious intentions.

The war with our history, as part of the fight against Russia and the Russians, continues systematically. This is from the same series as the Urengoy Boy, or the myths of one rifle for six, and they threw corpses and won in spite of 60 million shot personally by Stalin and other things in the same vein ...

In fact, the people and the state draw strength, wisdom, experience from their history, and we have it - a clear success story. Centuries of progressive development, hundreds of victories over dozens of invaders and opponents from the West, South and East, economic, demographic, scientific development. Actually, the best witness to this, even the territory of Russia itself, is still even after two collapses of the remaining one-ninth territory all over the land of the planet.

Russia is the largest state in the world by area (17,075,400 km² or 11.46% (1/9) of the entire land area of ​​the Earth, or 12.65% (1/8) of the land inhabited by humans, which is almost twice as much as that of the second place of Canada).
https://answer.mail.ru/question/11294784

Considering a strong army with a mass of components, especially nuclear forces and we can be defeated not by military means, but by psychological special operations - including, first of all, instilling in us that all our leaders and leaders, especially great and successful ones, are exclusively negative personalities for the country and humanity in general, to pervert everything - declare white to be black, forgetting to exaggerate achievements and even come up with terrible shortcomings and etc. Make you repent, be ashamed of your history, great ancestors, in the end make you want to stop being Russian and, the damned "occupiers" and "imperialists" (though for some reason, on the contrary, they built factories and spaceports for the "colonies" and peripheries, at their own expense, and drove our resources to them, but they won't write this in textbooks.)

It is the achievements of such leaders of our state in various times, such as Grozny, Peter the Great, Catherine the Second, Stalin, especially enrage our external opponents, and therefore they are presented as complete madmen, cruel tyrants, perverts and maniacs, misinforming and mythologising their activities in every possible way. What do dozens and hundreds of all kinds of Svanidz, Nevzlinov, Solzhenitsyn and other "objective historians" help them with ...

Therefore, we must try to teach well and know our history. This is the basis for understanding and what is happening today, in our country and in the world as a whole, for the development of both the individual, the personality, and society as a whole...

And of course, in a good way the first important task for the state - precisely that the opposition to the corrosive foundation national identity pseudo-history, like Russophobic inclusions in the aforementioned exhibition, or n. n. images of fascist weapons on the monument to Kalashnikov in Moscow, and vice versa, enlightenment and cultivation of that more sane, positively objective history of Russia and the Russian people ...

Historians are still arguing what this toast, delivered by Stalin two years after the Victory in the Kremlin, really means. Moreover, there are three significantly different versions of this speech - recorded in a transcript, edited personally by the Supreme Commander-in-Chief and published in the central press in a newspaper report on the event, where a historical toast was pronounced.

Why did Stalin correct his text?

The famous speech for the health of the Russian people was made in the Grand Kremlin Palace during a reception in honor of the command of the Red Army. The very next day it was published in the Soviet press. For decades, only a printed version of Stalin's toast was available to historians, although its source existed all this time - only at the end of the 90s were declassified part of the archives of Stalin and Molotov, where, among other things, there were typewritten copies of the texts of this speech.

In the archive of I. V. Stalin, a typewritten version of his speech with Stalin's corrections was found - Iosif Vissarionovich threw out from the text the words about the forced retreat of the Red Army in the early years of World War II, about the temporary loss of control over the situation. The version edited by his hand was later published in print.

Only in the 90s domestic historians got the opportunity to compare and analyze three documents that contained Stalin's speech in the Kremlin on May 24, 1947 - a verbatim report on the event, a text edited by Joseph Vissarionovich himself, and the actual newspaper publications about that solemn reception. Researchers’ assessments of what Stalin wanted to say and said when he toasted “For the Russian people!” vary so much that today there are up to a dozen independent versions of the meaning of this toast.

Historians' opinions

The main stumbling block in the debate about the meaning of Stalin's historical toast is its mono-ethnicity - for some reason the head of state wanted to drink for the Russian people, although representatives of dozens of nationalities of the USSR fought in the Great Patriotic War. According to professor Faculty of History Saratov State University Grigory Burdey, the toast was still the Soviet Union as such. Bringing to the fore the long-suffering of the Russian people, Stalin thereby belittled the dignity of other ethnic groups. At that time, it had been abolished for three years Chechen-Ingush ASSR, and its population was deported - by official version, due to unreliability and collaborationism during the Great Patriotic War. Stalin also knew about the nationalist movements in the Baltics, on Western Ukraine and Western Belarus. According to Burdei, this toast was the beginning of a future policy to revive the nationalist Russian idea.

Historian William Pokhlebkin considered Stalin's toast as an analogy to the manifesto of the Russian Emperor Alexander I, published in 1812 - thus, William Vasilyevich believed, Stalin drew parallels between the two Patriotic Wars in order to emphasize their special significance. But this subtext, according to Pokhlebkin, no one discerned, mainly in the analysis of speech Supreme Commander limited themselves to the "packaging" of the Soviet people into the main (Russian) and secondary ones.

According to the doctor historical sciences Vladimir Nevezhin, Stalin needed serious editing of the text of the speech before sending it to print in order to once more demonstrate their own infallibility in order to shift the blame for the catastrophic blunders of the first years of the war onto the Soviet government.

What do journalists and writers think about it?

Candidate philosophical sciences senior Researcher Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences S. N. Zemlyanoy, in his article “The Past That Does Not Pass”, published in Literaturnaya Gazeta, expresses the opinion that Stalin, with his toast, was forced to recognize the victory in the Second World War of Russian patriotism (nationalism), and not communist ideology. Valery Ganichev, Chairman of the Board of the Union of Writers of Russia, agrees with this point of view. special role Russian people in Victory.

In his book The Russian People at the Turn of the Millennium, the scientist and publicist Igor Shafarevich expresses his opinion about Stalin's desire to stimulate the national feelings of the Russian people in this way. Although, as Igor Rostislavovich believed, this toast was nothing more than external effect that did not affect the foundations of the existing system.

There are such, rather condo, talks that Stalin, paying tribute to the role of Russians in the Great Patriotic War, through his teeth said a few words about them in the 45th year, this famous toast "For the Russian people" ...

March 1917. One of the articles says that the great Russian people are the most faithful and best ally of the progressive revolutionary forces, and only the Russian people can finally solve the question of Marxism. About the victory of Marxism. March 17th! Can you imagine?

Yes, he is there in parallel discussing something on national question that the bourgeoisie is grasping at him, already in the 17th year a toast was uttered to the Russian people.

May 2, 1933. At a meeting with participants of the May Day military parade. I quote: "Russians are the main nationality of the world."

“Russian is the main nationality of the world. They were the first to raise the flag of the Soviets. The Russian nation is the most talented nation in the world. Russians used to be beaten by everyone - the Turks, and even the Tatars, who had been attacking for 200 years. And they failed to capture the Russians, although they were poorly armed. If the Russians are armed with tanks, aircraft, navy“They are invincible.”

February 1931, even earlier. Speaking at the All-Union Conference of Socialist Industry Workers: "I call for a return to the concept of the Fatherland, which we will have to defend."

1934th. Bring back teaching high school Patriotic history. Without understanding what the Fatherland is, we cannot develop further, carry out the necessary transformations and move forward and win the war.

1936th. Nikolai Bukharin gave birth in the Izvestia newspaper with an article where he mocked backwardness pre-revolutionary Russia and its wretched peoples. He called the Russians the Oblomov nation. The Pravda newspaper reacted very sharply to this publication. The editor, an old associate of Stalin, Lev Mekhlis, wrote: “Only lovers of verbal tricks, who know little about Leninism, can argue that in our country Oblomovism was the most universal character trait, and the Russian people were the Oblomov nation. The people who gave the world such geniuses as Lomonosov, Lobachevsky, Popov, Pushkin, Mendeleev, Chernyshevsky, the people who under the leadership of the Bolshevik Party October Revolution, such a people can be called the Oblomov nation only by a person who is not aware of what he is saying. Mekhlis compared Bukharin's opuses to fascist propaganda, in which Russians were portrayed as a racially inferior people.

1939 year, November, during a conversation with Soviet diplomat Alexandra Kollontai. Stalin: (I quote) "The Russian people - great people. Russians are kind people. The Russian has a clear mind, as if he was born to help other nations. The Russian people have great courage, especially in hard times, in dangerous times. He is proactive. He has a strong character, he is a dreamy people, he has a goal, and therefore it is harder for him than other nations, but you can rely on him in any trouble.

I emphasize again, this is the 39th year, there is no war.

In 1941, a call to the soldiers of the Red Army leaving for the front: "to fight for Russia, inspired by the images of Nevsky, Dmitry Donskoy, Suvorov and Kutuzov."

1943, the anthem "The Union of the indestructible republics of the free rallied forever Great Russia».

May 24, 1945, a toast made at the Kremlin reception (there is more toast in the transcript than in the newspaper version, so I read it in full):

“Comrades, allow me to raise one more, last toast.
I would like to raise a toast to the health of our Soviet people, and above all the Russian people.
(Stormy, prolonged applause, shouts of "hurrah".)
I drink, first of all, to the health of the Russian people, because they are the most outstanding nation of all the nations that make up the Soviet Union.
I raise a toast to the health of the Russian people because in this war they have earned general recognition as the leading force of our Soviet Union among all the peoples of our country.
I raise a toast to the health of the Russian people, not only because they are the leading people, but also because they have a clear mind, steadfast character and patience.
Our government made many mistakes, we had moments of desperate situation in 1941-1942, when our army retreated, left our native villages and cities of Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, the Leningrad region, the Baltic states, the Karelian-Finnish Republic, left, because. that there was no other way. Another people could say to the government: you have not lived up to our expectations, go away, we will install another government that will make peace with Germany and ensure peace for us. But the Russian people did not agree to this, because they believed in the correctness of the policy of their government and made sacrifices in order to ensure the defeat of Germany. And this confidence of the Russian people in the Soviet government turned out to be the decisive force that ensured the historic victory over the enemy of mankind - over fascism.
Thanks to him, the Russian people, for this trust!
For the health of the Russian people! [Stormy, prolonged applause]."

For many, it will be a great discovery that these words about the false theory of Marxism, about the personal freedom of citizens, about the great Russian people, world Zionism and the future of Russia were spoken by Joseph Stalin ...

About how to live:

“It is necessary to achieve such a cultural growth of society that would provide all members of society comprehensive development their physical and mental capacity so that members of society have the opportunity to receive an education sufficient to become active agents of social development.

So that they have the opportunity to freely choose a profession, and not be chained for life, due to the existing division of labor in any profession.

What is required for this?

It would be wrong to think that it is possible to achieve such a serious cultural growth of the members of society without serious changes in current situation labor.

To do this, first of all, it is necessary to reduce the working day by at least to 6 and then to 5 o'clock. This is to ensure that members of the society have enough free time to receive a comprehensive education.

For this it is necessary, further, to radically improve living conditions and raise the real wages workers and employees at least twice, if not more, both through a direct increase in money wages, and, especially, through a further systematic reduction in the prices of consumer goods.

Source: I.V. Stalin" Economic problems socialism in the USSR. (Remarks on economic issues related to the November discussion of 1951) Gospolitizdat 1952

Also in this political testament a different understanding of socialism was expressed and guiding instructions were given to the Soviet economics abandon the conceptual terminological apparatus Marxism in political economy, first of all:

On the false theory of Marxism:

“Moreover, I think that it is necessary to discard some other concepts, taken from Marx's Capital, which are artificially glued to our socialist relations. I mean, among other things, such concepts as “necessary” and “surplus” labour, “necessary” and “surplus” product, “necessary” and “surplus” time.

I think that our economists must put an end to this discrepancy between the old concepts and the new state of affairs in our socialist country, replacing the old concepts with new ones corresponding to the new situation.

We could tolerate this discrepancy until a certain time, but now the time has come when we must finally eliminate this discrepancy”

On the future of Russia:

“Many deeds of our party and people will be perverted and spat on, primarily abroad, and in our country too. Zionism, striving for world domination, will cruelly take revenge on us for our successes and achievements.

He still views Russia as a barbarian country, as a raw material appendage. And my name will also be slandered, slandered. Many evil deeds will be attributed to me.

World Zionism will strive with all its might to destroy our Union so that Russia can never rise again. The strength of the USSR is in the friendship of peoples. The edge of the struggle will be directed primarily at breaking this friendship, at tearing the border regions away from Russia. Here, we must admit, we have not done everything yet. There is still a lot of work to be done here.

Nationalism will raise its head with particular force. It will crush internationalism and patriotism for a while, only for a while. There will be national groups within nations and conflicts. Many pygmy leaders will appear, traitors within their nations.

In general, in the future development will go more difficult and even frenzied paths, the turns will be extremely steep. The point is that the East will be especially agitated. There will be sharp contradictions with the West.

And yet, no matter how events unfold, time will pass and the eyes of new generations will be turned to the deeds and victories of our socialist Fatherland. Year after year new generations will come. They will once again raise the banner of their fathers and grandfathers and give us their due in full. They will build their future on our past.

All this will fall on the shoulders of the Russian people. For the Russian people are a great people. The Russian people are a kind people. The Russian people have a clear mind. It is as if he was born to help other nations. The Russian people have great courage, especially in difficult times, in dangerous times. He is proactive.

He has a strong character. They are dreamy people. He has a purpose. That is why it is harder for him than for other nations. You can rely on him in any trouble. The Russian people are invincible, inexhaustible.”

Conversation with A.M. Kollontai, November 1939

Source: Extracts from the diaries of A.M. Kollontai, stored in the Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, were produced by the historian M.I. We crush. (c. 611)

On the state monopoly on the production of vodka:

“Did we do the right thing by handing over the production of vodka to the hands of the state? I think that's right. If vodka were transferred to private hands, then this would lead to:

firstly, to the strengthening of private capital,

secondly, the government would lose the ability to properly regulate the production and consumption of vodka, and,

thirdly, it would make it difficult for itself to abolish the production and consumption of vodka in the future.

Now our policy is to gradually curtail the production of vodka. I think that in the future we will be able to completely abolish the vodka monopoly, reduce the production of alcohol to the minimum necessary for technical purposes, and then completely eliminate the sale of vodka.”

Source: Stalin I.V. Works. - T. 10. Gospolitizdat, 1949, pp. 206-238. Notes 58-60: Ibid. Page 386

About freedom:

“It is difficult for me to imagine what kind of “personal freedom” an unemployed person who goes hungry and does not find a use for his labor can have.

Real freedom exists only where exploitation has been abolished, where there is no oppression of some people by others, where there is no unemployment and begging, where a person does not tremble because tomorrow he may lose his job, home, bread. Only in such a society is real, and not paper, personal and any other freedom possible.

Conversation with the chairman of the American newspaper association "Scripps-Howard Newspapers" Roy Howard. March 1, 1936

Source: Stalin I.V. Works. - T. 14. Publishing house "Writer", 1997. S. 103–112.

“Under capitalism, there are no and cannot be real “freedoms” for the exploited, if only because the premises, printing houses, paper warehouses, etc., necessary for the use of “freedoms”, are the privilege of the exploiters.

Under capitalism, there is not and cannot be a real participation of the exploited masses in the government of the country, if only because under the most democratic conditions under capitalism, governments are not set up by the people, but by the Rothschilds and Stinneses, Rockefellers and Morgans.

Democracy under capitalism is a capitalist democracy, a democracy of an exploiting minority, based on restricting the rights of the exploited majority and directed against this majority.

Source: "On the Foundations of Leninism" Vol.6, p. 115

On nationalism in general and Ukrainian nationalism in particular:

“No, we are doing the right thing by punishing nationalists of all stripes and colors so severely. They are the best helpers our enemies and worst enemies own peoples.

After all cherished dream nationalists - to split the Soviet Union into separate "national" states, and then it will become an easy prey for enemies. The peoples inhabiting the Soviet Union, for the most part, will be physically exterminated, while the rest will turn into dumb and miserable slaves of the conquerors.

Not by chance despicable traitors Ukrainian people- leaders Ukrainian nationalists, all these millers, konovaltsy, bandera - have already received a task from German intelligence incite among Ukrainians, who are the same Russians, hatred for Russians and seek the separation of Ukraine from the Soviet Union.

The same old song of ancient times from the period of the Roman Empire: divide and conquer.

The British were especially successful in inciting national hatred and inciting some peoples against others.

Through such tactics, bribing pathetic and corrupt leaders different peoples, capitalist island England - the first factory in the world, negligibly small in size

- managed to capture huge territories, to enslave and rob many peoples of the world, to create a “Great” british empire, in which, as the British boastfully declare, the Sun never sets.

With us, this number, while we are alive, will not work. So it is in vain that the Hitlerite fools call the Soviet Union a “house of cards”, which supposedly will fall apart at the first serious test, count on the fragility of friendship between the peoples inhabiting our country today, hope to quarrel them with each other.

In the event of a German attack on the Soviet Union, people of different nationalities, who inhabit our country, will defend it, not sparing their lives, as their dearly beloved Motherland.

However, the nationalists should not be underestimated. If they are allowed to act with impunity, they will bring a lot of trouble. That's why they need to be kept iron bridle not to let them undermine the unity of the Soviet Union.”

Source: complete collection essays. V. 15, “Conversation with A. S. Yakovlev on March 26, 1941”, p. 17.

About abstract art:

“Today, under the guise of innovation in musical art trying to break into Soviet music formalist direction, and in artistic creativity- abstract painting.

Sometimes you can hear the question: “Do such great people as the Bolshevik-Leninists need to deal with trifles - spend time criticizing abstract painting and formalist music. Let the psychiatrists do it.”

In such questions, there is a lack of understanding of the role in ideological sabotage against our country and especially the youth that these phenomena play. After all, with their help, they are trying to oppose the principles of socialist realism in literature and art. It is impossible to do this openly, so they act undercover.

In the so-called abstract paintings, there are no real images of people whom one would like to imitate in the struggle for the happiness of the people, in the struggle for communism, along the path of which one would like to follow. This image has been replaced with an abstract mystic that obscures class struggle socialism versus capitalism.

How many people came during the war to be inspired by the exploits to the monument to Minin and Pozharsky on Red Square! And what can inspire a pile of rusty iron, given out by “innovators” from sculpture as a work of art? What can inspire abstract paintings of artists?

This is the reason why modern American financial tycoons, propagandizing modernism, pay fabulous fees for such “works”, which the great masters of realistic art never dreamed of”

Source: Complete Works, Volume 16.

About literature and art in modern society:

“Foreign agents have been given the task of promoting pessimism, every kind of decadence and moral decay in works of literature and art.

One zealous US senator said: “If we could show our horror films in Bolshevik Russia, we would certainly disrupt their communist construction.” No wonder Leo Tolstoy said that literature and art are the most powerful forms of suggestion.

We need to seriously think about who and what inspires us today with the help of literature and art, to put an end to ideological sabotage in this area, until the end it is time, in my opinion, to understand and assimilate that culture, being an important integral part dominant ideology in society, always class.

And it is used to protect the interests of the ruling class, in our country to protect the interests of the working people - the state of the dictatorship of the proletariat.

There is no art for the sake of art, there is not and cannot be any "free", independent of society, as if standing above this society of artists, writers, poets, playwrights, directors, journalists. They just don't need anyone. Yes, such people do not exist, cannot exist.

Speech at a meeting with the creative intelligentsia, 1946