Personal pronouns are one of the simplest and most important phenomena in the English language. They point to an object, and more often, a certain person, but do not name it at the same time. For easy memorization of English personal pronouns, we suggest you use the following simple and visual table for children (and adults):

Personal pronoun	Transcription (reading)	Russian analogue	Usage example	Translation of the example
I	[ai]	I		I know Mary.
you		you, you, you	You like cheese.	You love cheese. / You like cheese.
he		he	He never drinks tea.	He never drinks tea.
she	[ ʃ i]	she is	She never goes to parties.	She never goes to parties.
it	[ ɪ t]	it	That is my cat. It likes fish.	That's my cat. She loves fish. / This is my cat. He loves fish. (Here the gender of the animal does not matter)
we		we	We want to travel to Spain.	We want to take a trip to Spain.
they	[ ˈ ðeɪ ]	they	They are teachers.	They're teachers.

Features of individual personal pronouns

It is not enough to remember the meaning of personal pronouns - it is important to know some of their features and differences from their Russian counterparts.

Pronoun I always capitalized, even if it is in the middle of a sentence. Someone sees in this a manifestation of the arrogance and selfishness of the British. However, most historians of the English language tend to consider the emergence of spelling I with a capital letter in the 15th century, the result of the fact that in manuscripts they simply tried to make more noticeable such an inconspicuous, but undoubtedly important word as I. So don't forget to write I / I capitalized in any position in an English sentence:

I don't know anything about the secret.	I I don't know anything about this secret.
In the morning I wake up very early.	In the morning I I wake up very early.
Who are those people in this photo? – They are my mother and I.	Who are the people in this photo? This is my mother and I.

Pronoun you has three meanings - you, you, you– and matches both the singular and the plural of the second person. But even denoting courtesy to a person older in age and social status, it is not capitalized anywhere except at the beginning of a sentence.

You are very nice and friendly.	You very nice and friendly.
Mrs. johnson, you wanted to ask me in the next lesson.	Mrs. Johnson You wanted to ask me in the next lesson.
“This time you are going to make a mistake,” I said to my boss.	"This time You make a mistake,” I told my boss.

Pronoun he used only for males. In relation to objects (such as “table”, “chair”, “city”, etc.), phenomena (“refusal”, “space”, etc.), as well as animals, you should not use it, because in English language there is a coincidence male with a biological male. Although, if the author of the statement wants to emphasize the sex of the animal, then the use of the pronoun he will be justified.

My father is a driver. He drives a big lorry.	My father is a driver. He drives a big truck.
Tom is my classmate. He is a good friend of mine.	Tom is my classmate. He- my good friend.
It's Rex, my dog. He is very playful and funny.	This is Rex, my dog. He very playful and funny.

Pronoun she
applies only to females. Here the situation is similar to that described above with respect to the masculine gender in English. Here we can confidently assert that the grammatical feminine is "tied" to the biological feminine. In relation to animals, the use of the pronoun
she permissible only when the speaker deliberately emphasizes the sex of the animal.

Sarah's mother has a very stressful job. She is a nurse.	Sarah's mom has a very busy job. She is- nurse.
My baby sister is sleeping. She often sleeps during the day.	My little sister is sleeping. She is often sleeps during the day.
Can you see that female panda over there? She is rather old.	Do you see that female panda over there? She is pretty old.

Pronoun it is responsible for denoting objects, phenomena and animals whose gender the speaker does not want to emphasize in his sentence. It is important to remember that in Russian such concepts often correspond to nouns not only of the middle, but also of the masculine or feminine gender, therefore, when translating in a similar Russian sentence, pronouns may occur "it", "he" and "she" .

What happened with the windows? It is broken.	What happened to the window? It broken.
My love to him is very strong. It is stronger than I can control.	My love for him is very strong. She is stronger than I can control.
Look at this rabbit! It is so cute!	Look at this rabbit! He so cute!

Pronoun we fully corresponds to the Russian personal pronoun “we” in terms of its functions and features of use, therefore it should not cause any particular difficulties when using it.

Tom and I are old friends. We spend a lot of time together.	Tom and I are old friends. We we spend a lot of time together.
In the evening we usuallygo out, go to the cinema, to the café or just walk.	In the evening we we usually go somewhere, go to the cinema, to a cafe or just take a walk.
Can we help you?	We can we help you?

Also the pronoun they should not cause difficulties, since it fully corresponds to the Russian personal pronoun "they".

Jim and Dennis like extreme sports. They go parachuting and mountain cycling.	Jim and Denis love extreme sport. They are skydiving and mountain biking.
In the summer they took a lot of photos.	Summer they took a lot of photos.
Don't buy these trousers. They are too expensive.	Don't buy these pants. They are too expensive.

Object case of personal pronouns

In English, the category is very poorly represented declination, that is cases, for example, there are no nouns as such. But personal pronouns have a small ability to change their form - objective case, which is a form of personal pronoun corresponding to Russian personal pronouns in any of indirect cases. Consider them and examples of their use:

Personal pronoun in its original form	An example of a sentence with a personal pronoun in its original form	An example of a sentence with a personal pronoun in the objective case	Personal pronoun in the objective case	Transcription
	I know Ann. / I know Ann.	Ann knows me. / Ann knows me.	me (me, me, me)	[ miː]
	We want to see John. / We want to see John.	John wants to see us. / John wants to see us.	us (us, us, us)	[ʌs]
	You love George. / You love George.	George loves you. / George loves you.	you(you, you, you; you, you, you; you, you, you)	[ ju]
	He is talking to Mary. / He is talking to Mary.	Mary is talking to him. / Mary is talking to him.	him (him / him, him / him, them / him)	[ hɪm]
	She takes photos of the children. / She photographs children.	The children take photos of her. / Children take pictures her.	her (her / her, her / her, her / her)	[ hə:]
	It(the town) is proud of its citizens. / It (the city) is proud of its inhabitants.	The citizens are proud of it(the town). / Residents are proud them(city).	it(him, him, them)	[ ɪt]
	They like the history teacher. / They love the history teacher.	The history teacher likes them. / History teacher loves them.	them (them / them, them / him, them / them)	[ ðəm]

If the personal pronoun in its original form plays the role of the subject in the sentence, then the pronoun in the objective case acts as an object. In this case, it can be both direct and indirect or prepositional.

direct	addition	take them to the city centre.	take me them to the city center.
indirect		Give them this medicine.	Give them it's a cure.
prepositional		Don't tell anybody about them.	Don't tell anyone about them.

Although it is impossible to speak of an exact analogy, since in Russian and in English to express the same sentences, sometimes completely various designs, nevertheless, the objective case of a personal pronoun is the actual analogue of all indirect cases of the Russian language:

genitive	You should go there without me.	You should go there without me.
dative	Give to me your phone number, please.	Give me your phone number, please.
accusative	Animals don't see me and I can take pictures of them.	The animals don't see me and I can take photos of them.
instrumental	The teacher is pleased me.	The teacher is pleased with me.
prepositional	All the people in the city are talking about to me.	All the people in the town are talking about me.

Mein meaning "I"

In general, the rule for using personal pronouns in the object case and in the original form is quite simple: if the pronoun acts as a subject, we use the original form, if as an object - the object case. But here colloquial speech throws us a number of difficulties associated with the “illegal” use of the pronoun from the point of view of this rule me. Surely, many have come across such examples in speech, songs, etc.:

— Who is there? — Me. / It's me.	- Who's there? - I am me.
You and me We used to be together… No Doubt. Don't speak	You and me We used to be together... GroupNo Doubt. SongDon't speak
Jim is older than me.	Jim is older than me.

These examples do not mean that it is possible to replace everywhere and everywhere I on the me. These are examples where the use of these two pronouns would be equally valid due to the traditions of colloquial speech. It would be equally correct to say:

As can be seen from the examples above, the use of I usually requires the presence of a predicate after itself, while after me the predicate cannot be used - after all, it cannot act as a subject.

Apply these simple rules practice and speak English competently and beautifully!

A pronoun, instead of a name, helps to replace a noun in speech to avoid annoying repetitions. In English, as in Russian, there are several types of pronouns. We will talk today about what these pronouns are, how they are expressed and how to learn them easily and quickly. How easy is it to learn English pronouns?

Getting to know the types of pronouns in English

The first type and the most important Personal Pronouns (personal). This type of pronoun is the most common in speech. Everyone, both beginners and people who have been practicing English for a long time, knows simple and short words:

I - I You - you / you
He - he She - she
It - it, it
We - we They - they

Pay attention to the suggestions:

• I'm busy now. - I'm busy now.
• They are going to take their sister with them. They are going to take their sister with them.
• We must learn English pronouns. We must learn English pronouns.

The same Personal Pronouns, but in the genitive and dative cases:

Me - me, me
You - you, you / you, you
Him - him, him
Her - her, her Its - him, him
Us - us, us
Them - them, them For example:

• tell us that you are not guilty! Tell us you're not to blame!
• Allow them to pass, please. “Let them pass, please.
• take me with you. - Take me with you.

The next type of English pronouns is Possessive Pronouns(possessive):

My - mine (mine, mine)
Your - yours / yours
His - his
Her - her Its - his
Our - our
Their - their

• Give me my copy-book, please. Give me my notebook, please.
• Where is your coat? - Where is your coat?
• She is walking with her dog. — She walks with her (her) dog.

Reflexive Pronouns or reflexive pronouns, look like this:

Myself - I myself / myself (myself, myself, etc.)
Yourself - you yourself / yourself
Himself - he himself
Herself - she herself
Itself - it is itself
Ourselves - ourselves
Yourselves - you yourself
Themselves - they themselves

• It switches itself off. - It turns itself off.
• She does everything herself. She does everything herself.
• You should think about yourselves. “You should think about yourself.

And finally, the absolute form or Absolute Pronouns, which is used without nouns:

Mine - mine, mine, mine
yours - yours
His - his
Hers - her Its - his
Ours - our
Theirs - their For example:

• Do not touch this bag; it's mine! Don't touch this bag, it's mine!
• This is our classroom; where is yours? This is our class, where is yours?
• My flat is on the first floor, theirs is on the last floor. My apartment is on the first floor, and theirs is on the top.

We will not dwell on each type of English pronouns, because we examined them in detail in our past articles. We will just focus on how to learn them quickly and effectively.
Demonstrative pronouns in English

Learn English pronouns quickly and effectively!

So, you have decided to master the pronouns in English, remember them once and for all! Highly the right decision, because not a single dialogue, not a single conversation can do without these words. We want to offer you several ways to quickly and firmly learn all these types of English pronouns. Moreover, this can be done without interrupting work, household chores or leisure.

To begin with, make yourself such a tablet, in which there will be all of the above types of "substitutes" for English nouns. For example, this one:

PersonalPronouns	Genitive and Dative	PossessivePronouns	ReflexivePronouns	AbsolutePronouns
I - I You - you / you He - he She - she It - it, it We - we They - they	Me - me, me You - you, you / you, you Him - him, him Her - her, her Its - him, him Us - us, us Them - them, them	My - mine (mine, mine) Your - yours / yours His - his Her - her Its - his Our - our Their - their	Myself - I myself / myself (myself, myself, etc.) Yourself - you yourself / yourself Himself - he himself Herself - she herself Itself - it is itself Ourselves - ourselves Yourselves - you yourself Themselves - they themselves	Mine is mine yours - yours His - his Hers - her Its - his Ours - our Theirs - theirs

Make several copies of this tablet, each type of pronoun separately and all together. Fortunately, English pronouns are short words, and each type is consonant with the previous one, that is, they are similar in sound and even in spelling.

So you've made a table; now place the leaves or funny colored stickers with a sign wherever possible: on the desktop, on the bookshelf, in the work bag, in the case along with the mobile phone, in the kitchen near your favorite cup, near the cupboard with dishes. Let these pronouns be in front of your eyes until you “click” them like seeds.

Seeing English pronouns at every step before your eyes, just repeat them out loud several times. Also, substitute auxiliary words with which pronouns will be more firmly deposited in memory: my book, his cup etc. Make the task more difficult, add more auxiliary words: this is our house, that is their car etc.

Name objects around you with pronouns

“Run through” English pronouns with your eyes at every opportunity and free minute: on the way to work, from work or from school, at night before going to bed, etc. You yourself will not notice how your visual memory will serve you well, and you learn pronouns in just a few days.

Good afternoon dear friends!

Have you ever wondered how to address in English to a stranger What should you say to your friend? After all, in Russian everything is very simple: there is you and you. So that none of you get into awkward situation, I’ll tell you everything about the forms of personal pronouns in English today.

From this article you will learn:

Let's get acquainted

In English, unlike Russian, there are no declensions at all, and there are much fewer cases. One of the parts of speech that obeys them is the pronoun. First, for the general picture, I will present you a table with all cases:

Pay attention to a few things:

1. The pronoun I is always written with capital letter regardless of the place in the sentence.
2. In English, there is no distinction between "you" and "you", you are used in both cases, which you will agree is convenient. After all, sometimes we doubt how best to contact a person. Also, you is used for the second person plural- you.
3. Inanimate nouns do not differ in gender, they are all called it. For example, I bought a new house. It is nice and big. We replaced the word house in the second sentence with it, although in Russian we would use it.

But, surprisingly for us, animals also belong to it, although they are animate. However, you can make an exception for your pets and apply he or she to them.

Personal pronouns

Now I will tell you how to learn these four simple cases. In the first column you see the subject. It corresponds to our nominative. That is, when the subject of our story performs an action. Examples: We are swimming. She went to the cinema. You are watching TV.

Don't forget to subscribe so you don't miss anything and get a phrase book in English, German and French as a gift. It has Russian transcription, so even without knowing the language, you can easily master colloquial phrases.

subjective case

The objective case performs the functions of several Russian cases at once. In fact, it replaces the object in the sentence, that is, what the action is directed at. But it can be translated into Russian.

you repeated our last lesson about?

For example, I gave them some water (I gave them water). They stands in the subjective, action is directed at them. We will translate into Russian as they say. In our language, this function is performed by the Dative. In another way, it is also called the indirect addition function.

But here it’s different: I saw him at the cinema (I saw him in the cinema). Here it is still the same subjective, but we are already translating it as it is and putting it in Genitive. More examples: Andy drove us to the supermarket (Andy drove us to the supermarket). Luke runs so fast, nobody can beat him (Luke runs so fast, no one can beat him).

As we can see, object English combines the functions of Dative and Genitive. Agree, so much easier? No need to learn many different forms.

Examples of the object case

The third column of our table contains possessives. That is, those that indicate ownership. For example, My sister is two years older than me (My sister is two years older than me). They answer the question: Whose? Whose sister? My.
More possessive examples: Jessica really likes her job (Jessica loves her job very much). Ann and Paul are going to pick up their children from school at 4 (Ann and Paul will pick up their children from school at 4).

Examples of possessive adjectives

As you noticed in the table, they are called adjectives, that is, adjectives. And they really perform their functions: they determine the sign of the subject, and the setting of the object after them is obligatory, that is, mandatory. Unlike the next column. It also denotes ownership, but after pronouns, you no longer need to put an object. For example, Our flat is bigger than theirs (Our flat is bigger than theirs). In the first case, we have a possessive adjective, in the second - a pronoun. As we can see, there is no object after it.

Compare again:
His children study at Oxford University (His children study at the University of Oxford).
These children are not mine. They are hers (These are not my children. These are hers).
What do you think, in which case is the adjective, and in which - the pronoun?
Most often, pronouns answer the question Whose? (Whose?). Whose book is it? It's mine (Whose book is this? This is mine). Whose phone is it? It's ours (Whose phone is this? This is ours).

I suggest you on past topics - test your knowledge.

Possessive pronouns

I was with you, a philologist of the English language, Ekaterina Martynova.
Good mood to you all!

Any student who starts learning English from scratch on his own or with a teacher will learn how to answer the question “ What's your name?”(Russian. What is your name?).

Answering " My name is…“(Rus. My name is ...), he doesn’t even think that he already knows two possessive pronouns: my(mine, mine, mine. mine) and your(Russian yours, yours, yours, yours), without which it is impossible to build communication in English.

We use the same possessive pronouns for everything, but do we own our lives or sisters or husbands in the same way we own our shoes? Do we own any of them at all?

We use possessive pronouns for everything, but do we really own our lives, sisters or husbands as much as we own our shoes? Do we own all this?

~ Samantha Harvey

They can cause some misunderstanding on the part of those who are just starting to learn English and have encountered Possessive pronouns for the first time.

AT English grammar peacefully coexist two varieties of possessive pronouns: Possessive adjectives(possessive adjectives) and Possessive Pronouns(possessive pronouns). Today we will talk about them in this article.

Possessive pronouns in English

Possessive pronouns help us understand that someone or something owns something. Signature on key chains: I am yours (Russian I am yours), And you are mine (Russian And you are mine)

Let's first remember what a possessive pronoun is.

Possessive pronouns(mine, yours, ours, and others) indicate the sign of belonging to a certain person and answer the question whose? In Russian, they agree with the noun in number, gender, and case.

What about English possessive pronouns? There are two forms of possessive pronouns in English ( Possessive adjectives and Possessive pronouns), which differ in spelling and how they are used in a sentence.

Let us consider in more detail both forms of possessive pronouns in English.

Possessive Adjectives

Possessive pronouns in English, resembling an adjective in their role in a sentence, and which are always used with a noun, are called Possessive adjectives(rus. possessive adjective).

Below is a table of the formation of possessive pronouns in English and their comparison with personal pronouns.

Possessive pronouns dependent form (Table 1)

Possessive pronouns dependent form (Table 2)

When we want to indicate ownership, we cannot use !

Sentence He name was Carl(Russian. His name was Karl) sounds strange and wrong in both English and Russian. He is a personal pronoun. Replace it with a suitable possessive adjective his and get grammatically and logically correct sentence: His name was Car l (Russian. His name was Karl)

Sometimes this form possessive pronouns or Possessive adjectives called dependent, since it cannot be used on its own, without a noun.

Remember!

Possessive pronouns-adjectives (Possessive Adjectives) in English they are used only in conjunction with a noun and always come before it.

Since dependent possessive pronouns resemble adjectives in their functionality, they also play the role of a definition in a sentence.

Examples of sentences with possessive adjectives in English

English beginners often confuse possessive adjectives with contracted forms of the verb. to be:

your and you're (= you are)

its and it's (= it is)

Compare the use of possessive pronouns and the contracted form of the verb:

Possessive Pronouns

Possessive pronouns in English that can be used in a sentence without a noun are called Possessive Pronouns(Russian possessive pronoun).

Possessive Pronouns also called absolute or independent form of possessive pronouns. In this form, nouns are never placed after possessive pronouns, since these pronouns are used instead of nouns.

Remember!

Absolute possessive pronouns ( Possessive Pronounss) in English are used without a noun and perform the function of the subject, object or nominal part of the predicate in the sentence.

Below is a table of the formation of absolute possessive pronouns in English and their comparison with personal pronouns.

Possessive pronouns in English absolute form (Table 1)

Possessive pronouns in English absolute form (Table 2)

English possessive pronouns in absolute form replace the possessive adjective ( Possessive Adjective) with a noun to avoid repetition of information, since everything is clear without it. For example:

This book is my book, not your book(Russian This book is my book, not your book)

This book is mine, not yours(Russian This book is mine, not yours)

As you noticed in both Russian and English, the second sentence sounds more natural. Let's take a look at how possessive pronouns are used in a sentence.

Examples of sentences with possessive pronouns in English

Sentence with a possessive pronoun	Translation into Russian
What's mine is yours, my friend.	What's mine is yours, my friend.
I have broken my pencil. Please give me yours.	I broke my pencil. Please give me yours.
Are those gloves hers?	Those gloves are hers?
All the essays were good but his was the best.	All the writings were good, but his was the best.
The world is mine.	The world is mine.
Your photos are good. Ours are terrible.	Your photos are great, ours are terrible.
These aren't John and Mary's children. Theirs have black hair.	These are not John and Mary's children. Theirs is black haired.
John found his passport but Mary couldn't find hers.	John found his passport, but Mary couldn't find hers.
Is that chair yours?	Is this chair yours?
I know this drink is yours but I need to drink something.	I know this drink is yours, but I need something to drink.

Possessive pronoun its in absolute form is used extremely rarely, only in conjunction with the word own:

The cottage seems asleep yet, but it may have a life of its own(Russian. It seemed that the cottage was still sleeping, but perhaps it lived its own life).

My or Mine? Possessive pronoun or adjective?

On the poster is an inscription with a vivid example of the use of possessive pronouns in dependent and absolute form: “Because my body is mine (belongs to me!)”

As already mentioned, we use possessive adjectives and pronouns when we need to express ownership. Both forms are translated into Russian in the same way.

Possessive adjective ( Possessive Adjective) is always used with a following noun:

This is my pen(Russian This is my pen), where my is a possessive adjective, pen is a subsequent noun.

Possessive pronouns ( Possessive Pronouns) are always used on their own, without an accompanying word:

This pen is mine(Russian This pen is mine), where mine- a possessive pronoun, after which we DO NOT NEED a noun.

Comparative table of possessive adjectives and possessive pronouns.

The semantic load does not change in these two sentences. However, when we need to focus on someone or something, it is better to use the absolute form.

Translation of English possessive pronouns

There is no difference in the meaning of possessive adjectives and pronouns in English and in their translation into Russian.

English possessive pronouns in dependent and absolute form are translated into Russian in the same way, but there are a few things you need to know about.

Translation of the possessive pronoun your into English

There is no special possessive pronoun in English that corresponds to the Russian possessive pronoun ""own"".

Russian pronoun ""own" in English corresponding possessive pronouns.

Example sentences in English with the translation of the pronoun svoi

English possessive pronouns usually not translated into Russian when combined with nouns denoting parts of the body or items of clothing, but are always present before the noun.

In Russian, with similar nouns, possessive pronouns are usually not used. Compare English sentences with possessive sentences with the translation:

Special cases of using possessive pronouns

Using the Of yours structure

Very often (especially in American English) you can hear the following construction: a friend/some friends of + mine, yours, etc:

I saw a friend of yours last night(eng. I saw one of your friends last night) = I saw one of your friends last night.

Here are some friends of mine(Russian. And here are my friends) = Here are my friends.

Offers I saw one of your friends last night and I saw a friend of yours last night translated will be the same "Last night I saw one of your friends." However, there is a slight semantic difference.

Let's look at phrases "my friend" and “a friend of mine”.

"My friend" will say about close friend. If you call a person "my friend", then you have warm and trusting relationship. But, each of us has people with whom we simply a good relationship. These are just our friends and acquaintances. This is exactly what we need here the expression “a friend of mine”.

The indefinite article itself tells us that “one of” friends, someone indefinite:

This is my friend Jessica.("my friend" - before the name)

This is Jessica, a friend of mine.("a friend of mine" - after the name)

With a phrase "a friend of mine" associated with one amusing fact. In English culture, there is a concept urban myth(BrE) or urban legend(Ame). This is a story, usually with an unexpected, humorous or instructive ending, which the narrator passes off as a real event.

We call these stories "tales" or "fictions". These incidents allegedly happen to a certain acquaintance of the narrator, and the name of the acquaintance is never specified.

Majority similar stories(or "tale"), begin with the words: This happened to a friend of mine... (It happened to one of my friends...).

When to use Yours faithfully and Yours sincerely

You have probably come across the phrase Yours faithfully or Yours sincerely at the end of a formal letter, for example:

Yours sincerely, Mary Wilkinson(Russian. Sincerely, Mary Wilkinson).

At business correspondence- this is irreplaceable phrases to be written at the end of the letter. Read more about the features of business English.

Examples of using the phrases “Yours faithfully” and “Yours sincerely”

Using an English noun in the genitive case

Possessive nouns can be used as possessive pronouns to talk about belonging to someone in particular.

As a rule, the use of nouns in the possessive case does not affect the form of possessive pronouns, for example:

Whose cell phone is that? - It's John's.(Russian Whose phone is this? - John.)

Who do these computers belong to? - They"re our parents".(Russian. Who owns these computers? - Our parents.)

The relationship of belonging or involvement of one object to another can also be indicated using possessive case (The Possessive case). which we will talk about in our next article.

Possessive pronouns in English: video

To finally consolidate the knowledge gained, we recommend that you watch a video about possessive adjectives and possessive pronouns.

English Grammar Lessons - Possessive Adjectives and Pronouns

Finally:

In this article, we tried to explain the use of possessive pronouns in English as simply as possible and how to correctly answer the question “whose” in English.

We hope that after reading our article, you will no longer have questions about this topic and you will be able to use this grammar correctly in your speech and writing.

Stay on our site and you will discover a lot from the world of English grammar!

Exercises for possessive pronouns

And now we invite you to test your knowledge of possessive pronouns in English by completing the following test.

Select correct option(insert either a possessive adjective or a possessive pronoun according to the meaning):

Jane has already eaten her lunch, but I"m saving hers/her/my/mine until later.

She has broken hers/her/his leg.

My mobile needs to be fixed, but mine/his/our/their is working.

You/Yours/Mine/My computer is a Mac, but you/your/yours/my is a PC.

We gave them ours/mine/our/yours telephone number, and they gave us their/theirs/ours/mine.

Mine/My/Yours/Your pencil is broken. Can I borrow you/yours/him/its?

Ours/Our/Your/My car is cheap, but you/your/yours/my is expensive.

You can "t have any chocolate! It" s all mine / my / our / yours!

In contact with

English is one of the top three languages international level. Today it covers several billion people who own it to one degree or another. And, as statistics show, this is not the limit. The number of people who want to express their thoughts in English is only increasing daily. The figure indicating the preschool age of students is also increasing. Parents strive to give their children the best, to provide them with a successful, stable future and confidence in the future.

If you turn to technologies and tools for learning a language among children, you will notice that for kids, a foreign language does not begin with grammar, but with replenishment. vocabulary. This technique is especially common in the most junior groups. The road to successful and barrier-free language proficiency begins with words. And here it is necessary to approach the choice of lexemes with special attention. When forming a personal English-Russian dictionary, be guided by the following:

• don't start with complex tokens;
• words should be frequently used;
• pay attention to transcription;
• remember to repeat the words regularly.

First of all, we should dwell on such parts of speech as pronouns and verbs. They are the foundation of the English speech and participate in the construction of almost all structures: from simple to complex. If you have in your vocabulary these parts of speech, then be sure that you are on the right track to expand or even erase the boundaries of English.

In our article, we will take a closer look at pronouns. If we talk about their literal purpose, then they are used "instead of a name", that is, they help to replace nouns in order to avoid repetitions. It would seem that repetitions take place and there is nothing critical in this, but remember: you must speak correctly and beautifully, regardless of what language you do it in.

English pronouns: types and applications

As in Russian, in English pronouns are divided into different kinds depending on their purpose and function. For example, point to something (indicate places), etc.

For your convenience, we have prepared a table in which you can familiarize yourself with the classification of pronouns.

Personal Pronouns	I - I	I
	You - you / you	You you
	He - he	He
	She - she	She is
	It - it, it	It, it
	We - we	We
	They - they	They are
Possessive Pronouns (possessive)	My - my (mine, mine)	My
	Your - yours / yours	Yours / Yours
	His - his	His
	Her - her	Her
	Its - his	His
	Our - our	Our
	Their - their	Them
Reflexive Pronouns (reflexive)	Myself - I myself / myself (myself, myself, etc.)	I myself, myself
	Yourself - you yourself / yourself	you yourself/yourself
	Himself - himself	Myself
	Herself - she herself	Herself
	Itself - it is itself	Samo
	Ourselves - ourselves	We ourselves
	Yourselves - you yourself	You yourself
	Themselves - they themselves	They themselves
Absolute Pronouns (absolute form)	Mine - mine, mine, mine	My, my, my
	Yours - yours	Your
	His - his	His
	Hers - her	Her
	Its - his	His
	Ours - our	Our

It is important not only to remember these lexemes, but also to be able to use them correctly - so that it is appropriate and does not cause misunderstanding on the part of the interlocutor. To do this, consider each type separately.

Personal pronouns in English for children will not be difficult to explain. They are used to indicate an object or phenomenon, but not naming it.

He looked at the clock was midnight. - He looked at the clock - it was midnight.

The possessive form will be appropriate if you want to say about the belonging of an object or quality to someone. Thus, these pronouns are directly related to a particular person.

This is her bag. - It her bag.

Can I have your luggage? - Can Your baggage?

Reflexive pronouns - this type is typical for constructions in which we are talking about an action performed by someone on their own.

I washed myself . - I washed (washed myself).

Absolute form - this type allows you to replace a noun without losing the meaning of the sentence.

This is not my bag. Mine is not here. - This is not my bag - my there is no.

Learning English with children is always interesting, but it takes a lot of time and effort. As numerous studies show, kids quickly remember everything. AT childhood the brain is so flexible to assimilate new information that learning a foreign language turns into an exciting process. It becomes especially interesting in those cases when adults do not focus on memorizing dry theory, but strive from the first lessons to make them as effective as possible from a practical point of view.

Modern educational methods offer the following techniques that have successfully proven themselves at the international level:

• lessons in the form of a game;
• less theory - more practice;
• memorization of new lexemes with the help of cards.

Through the game, children learn the world, so why not make it a guide to the world of an interesting and powerful English language? In the format of the game, children imperceptibly learn new words. they build structures on their own, use revolutions of various complexity. If we are talking about pronouns, then the game is just the technique that helps to learn to distinguish between the types of this part of speech and the features of making sentences with it.

"Less theory, more practice" Golden Rule, perhaps, works in almost all cases, especially if the students are children. They, like no one else, do not like to sit, monotonously read and cram something. Many programs are doomed to failure just because they require kids to memorize. So don't waste your precious time - build competent program English for kids, focusing on what your kid likes best.