I consider Pavel Vasiliev the most subtle lyricist of Russian poetry. Without detracting from the poetry of Sergei Yesenin, who was the favorite poet of Pavel Vasiliev himself and even, to a certain extent, a role model, I will note their fundamental difference. Yesenin more phenomenon spontaneous, natural - of Russian nature and people, he immediately began to sing, almost from the first verses in his unique Yesenin style. Nugget in pure form. A slightly different fate for Pavel Vasiliev, also a nugget, but cut off by life and people, especially Siberia. His best poems date back to the beginning of the thirties, when the talent matured, was hardened and gained amazing strength and expressiveness. That poetic power, which allows Pavel Vasiliev to be called the most subtle lyricist of Russian poetry. I remember that I simply suffocated when I read the first stanzas of the poem "Old Moscow":

You have every evening
Enough fairy tales and lies
You hid the injury
In a torn coat, a crow.
Your convoy, laden with cold,
Lost the bells
Under the clothes of sackcloth
You couldn't get warm.
All the same in the entrances of the hotels
Again, like three hundred years ago,
You say pinky
And an icy blue look.
Your people survived
But now you are forever
At cheeky virgins
You won't raise bird's eyelids.
The nights are deaf, the songs are deaf -
How dumb God is!
In your churches, old women
Draw crosses in the air.
Full, full
Are you not the one
What tore the martens from the shoulder
So the candle went out
Barrels rolled on the floor,
Until I drop laughing?
How did you drink beer from barrels?
Did you beat your hands at the feast?
And threatened - do not touch?
And where did the power go?
Holy fool is your fire?
Tell me well today
Why is your end fierce?
Why, breathing incense,
In cellars with mice nearby
Are your masters alive?

Simply amazing strength and tenderness, a sound element, a melody that captures the whole being:

“Your convoy, laden with cold,
Lost the bells
Under the clothes of sackcloth
You couldn't get warm."

"Loaded with cold", "clothing with sackcloth"! And here is the “icy blue look”, and “big-cheeked virgins”, and “the nights are deaf, the songs are deaf, like a god is dumb”, and “old women drawing crosses in the air”. And the keen eye of the poet, who notices all conceivable and inconceivable details, the Russian golden eagle, and combines these details into the sound harmony of a song of love and tenderness. What is striking in this poem is tenderness, combined with a voluminous vigilant look and golden eagle tenacity!

"Tell me today in a way,
Why is your end fierce?
Why, breathing incense,
In cellars with mice nearby
Are your masters alive?

The musical power of Pavel Vasiliev's poetic lines is striking, as, for example, in the poem "Letter":

The moon is circling like a sharp-winged gull,
And the river, choked with sand,
Everything is darker, slower and narrower
Cast in old silver.

The boat quietly entered the channel
Past the silent aspens -
Here the reeds are swollen and tall.
Catches the threads of lunar cobwebs.

And, - attention! - the highest musical note ever taken by a Russian poet:

"On the eyelashes of the same cobweb
The moonlight has fallen.
You laugh, throwing high
A hand with a light, shining oar.

This poem by Pavel Vasilyev is like a musical symphony, where the culmination of feelings - strength, love and tenderness fell precisely on this stanza. Next, the voltage adagio subsides slightly, weakens, but still continues:

"To remember what I have long lost
For some reason, I suddenly...
What are you eating now at sunset?
My distant dark-eyed friend?

Tell with good words
(I love the familiar, quiet sound)
Well, who do you give in the evenings
All thoughtfulness and tenderness of hands?

Honey, hurry up to forget.
I know, again the boat under the moon
At night with another, he takes him to the reeds.

It is here that the difference from Yesenin's lyrics manifests itself: instrumental power. If Yesenin's lyrics became more and more social over the years, its natural purity weakened, deteriorated:

"Rash, harmonica, my frequent rash,
Drink otter drink
I'd rather have that busty one over there
She's stupid..."

then Pavel Vasiliev, on the contrary, suffered, defended his tenderness, achieving amazing subtlety and strength of feeling:

The hours you spent with me
Honey, hurry up to forget.
I know, again the boat under the moon
At night with another takes away in the reeds.

And another in the hair more gently
You weave caresses, loving ...
Darling, do you want me
Did you talk about yourself today?

I don't live here by accident.
This life is dear to the heart...
I no longer sigh secretly
About native green shores.

I sang my farewell long ago
And I can't go back
Only sometimes memories fly
AT far edge like geese in the spring.

It's not about what's better or worse, but about different fate two poets and different strength their gifts. If the natural and folk elements are strong in Yesenin's lyrics, then in the poetry of Pavel Vasilyev one can feel the power of the people's social, the suffering power of the personality, which is broken, bent, beaten, but she still sings, loves and glorifies: nature, people, people and herself a life. In this regard, Pavel Vasiliev's poem "Heart" is striking:

I like trees to become
July leaves angry foam.
The whole world is drowning in them knee-deep.
In them our youth and become
We learned gradually.

We gradually learned
And we felt again
It's hard to breathe greenery

Doesn't want to change anymore.

Ah, human heart, are you
Did you trust my hand?
You were taught like a clown
Like a parrot on a pole.

This is personal biography poet - a very young man:

The human neck was bent,
And there was a thunderstorm.
Areal lied to each other
Sincere eyes.

But I looked at everything without fear, -
I knew that in the wilds of darkness
About bones callous in a big way
You were crushed by seizures.

And these two stanzas below are simply amazing. They shock the one who knows people and has suffered his love and respect:

Then in harmony with the whole world
You will be better and more tender.
That's why I'm in this world
I love people without memory!

That's why in scarlet dawns
I honored your teachers
And boldly kissed them on the lips,
Not noticing their malice!

He noticed everything, this is a Russian golden eagle boy, and nevertheless he wrote and admitted: “I love people without memory.” What power of personality! I will say in one word: this is Siberia! This is Russian strength, forged by Siberia: its cruel and wide nature, its characters and its unique Russian strength - love through suffering, where a person without people, without a people is nothing:

I got up in the morning, I heard singing
Cheerful girls away
I saw - in gold dust
The boys' eyes bloomed
And again covered with a shadow.

Don't hide what's in the black smoke
The youths were running. Through the smoke!
And they sang songs. And others
Promised death. And black smoke
Chopped with sabers by the blind
Violet eyes.

Powder melo,
A great harvest has been reaped.
I'm happy, my heart is drunk,
That we live in a good country,
Where labor ripens, not war.

War! She's ready to go
Rush to the country housing.
Here is my correct word:
Damn the singer who
Rise to praise her!

The world is bound by heavy expectation.
But if herds of guns
They will come to trample the fields of the country -
May they be destroyed
Who sets fire with a wolf's eye
Gunpowder darkness of war.

I call you - it's time for us,
It's time, I repeat, we
Count success not by wounds -
Through springs, sky and flowers.

Children will be born gradually
In the surf They become different
And we can't forget
That a heart susceptible to treason,
Can't change anymore.

I look into the world without fear
No wonder flowers grow in it.
Ready to go to hell
About bones callous in a big way
Beats the heart - a prisoner of darkness.

The poem "Heart" is, if I may say so, the creed of Pavel Vasiliev, although it applies to Russian word: "I believe!". The power of passion and the passion of power - this is the definition for the poetry of Pavel Vasiliev. No wonder Mandelstam once admitted that four people write in Russia today: himself, Pasternak, Anna Akhmatova and Pavel Vasiliev:

* * *

I don't know if it's close or far, I don't know
In what country and under what moon,
Cheerful, forgotten, dear,
You sounded like a song across the river.
Evening honey is more bitter than poison,
Your eyes - smoke flies through them,
That the women in the church - the herbs bow
Bow before you from the waist.
Is it not me for your simple words
Will the echo be found dear?
So in our fairy tales in witching waters
A goose dives for a golden earring.
My voice is clear, it yearns for you
And for you it throws the sky.
Wave your hands, turn into a titmouse
And with a pike command, appear!

The openness of the heart, the clear and pure strong, sonorous voice of Pavel Vasiliev are easily recognizable, flying in, as, for example, in the poem "The Story of Grandfather":

Kornila Ilyich, you told me fairy tales,
Servant Yes okay - there you are!
The night was spinning outside the windows, pockmarked
From stars, lilacs and fireflies.

Together again
But is it
Drunk with other people's speeches,
You love blown up beds
My Mongolian princess!

In vain, it can very well be ...
I am not friends with such a fate.
I'm ready to wander for a century
On rickety stairs with you

And listen -
How hot you breathe
Forgetting the creaky bed
And hands, a little elbows higher,
Kiss in the darkness.

The power of Pavel Vasiliev's lyrics is in the openness of the heart, the purity and sonority of the voice, the faith that is not given from birth, but suffered for his short and bright life. He knew and understood everything about this Siberian poetic talent and simply strong and courageous man. Here is his story-recollection from the poem "One Night":

Again I see behind the veil
Memory - in childhood, over the years,
Two settlements converge with a wall,
Clenching your knees, shaking your beards.
Hari crunch, beat, sataneya,
And suddenly it starts
Yell people:
— Called
Gladysheva
Evstigney!
Make way - the power is coming! —
And so, covering
Clear day,
Shoulders inconceivable ax
Strength is pumping through the wattle fence.
Carrying kulaks pood weights.
And so they went through the noses,
The peasants gasped and shouted, scattering:
- Evstigney Alekseich, settle down,
Settle down, Evstigney Alekseich! —
And that left and right
Heaps nagreb: - Come on! I will kill! —
wall like this
Just one fun
These were not taken in an equal battle.
Such people are first drunk with wine,
To barely write with his feet,
And they are escorted out
And around the corner
They roll with heavy batogs.
Such are overtaken
dark theme
And in the alley - under the guise -
Butt Yevstignesh
Weight in the crown
Or a knife under the left nipple.
And then in the shack
When, freaked out,
in cups
Moonshine staggers
Remember him:
"Good guy!"
They wink: “He was strong!”
We know this betrayal
Im the best of the best
There is a beat.
Straw breaks myriad strength,
And strength
Arms outstretched, lying down.
She gets
small change -
Loops, monkey hands,
Lead burn.
I hate dog collusion
Haggling around the singer's head!
When the nightingale
Ryazan land
dead hands
Crossed - Yesenin -
They carried him on their shoulders
Parted with him
Get on your knees.
When he,
Having experienced so much torment,
Settled short accounts with life,
They wrote poems to him
Shameful as spitting
And vomit.
Will!"

"They beat Yevstignesh," with a weight in the crown or with a knife under the left nipple! and next to it: "I hate dog collusion, bargaining around the singer's head!". After these words, it is clear that Pavel Vasiliev knew what awaited him, as poets of great talent and maturity knew his fate and went towards death and fate, as he lived and sang with open mind, dream, song:

TO THE MUSE

To see the sea-ocean,
To carry a distant scent on the wind
Sailor pipes, Pomeranian songs.

You build me a house, but with windows to the west,
So that India comes to us under the window
AT peacock feathers, on elephant paws,
Her products are golden haze.

Faceted mirrors...
Demand that she go to the west
And I could meet with the Vikings.
Burn brighter! You are young and strong
I can breathe easily around you.

Build me a house so that the windows drank the west,
To play in it
overseas guest Sadko
On the harp of the masts of commercial fleets!

And again lyric poem, in which the beauty of the images is complemented by the amazing tenderness and musicality of sound harmony, that is, again, the amazing lyrics of Pavel Vasiliev:

* * *

Unrumpled snow smokes in the steppes,
But I can’t get lost in snowstorms, -
I put my hand in a mitten
Hot like a wolf's mouth

Shouldered put on a fur coat
And remember my love
And a glass of kiss on the lips
I'll lose it to death on a grand scale.

And there behind the strong canopy
The conspiracy of the people passing by is deaf.
AT last time oven flame
Sheds rooster down.

I will open the door and pull
Bath fumes, smoky darkness ...
What eye to eye will now become
Whom to talk to me?

The moon will show from under a bushel,
Or melt the ice with a polynya,
Or a frozen pile of tits
Will it shake me out of my sleeve?

Lyricism is the ability to strike musical notes, as in given poem visual images: "unrumpled snow is smoking", "a mitten is hot as a wolf's mouth", "shouldered fur coat", "a cup with a kiss on the lips" suddenly suddenly turn into the music of the lines: " And there, beyond the strong canopy// The conspiracy of the people passing by is deaf.// For the last time, the stove flame// Showers rooster down.// I will open the door, and it will pull// With a fumes of a bathhouse, smoky darkness...». Here, it is not even the words that are expressive, but the sounds themselves that make up the words - musical harmony, a note taken by the poet easily and without tension.

Lyric is subtle feelings experienced by the poet. Russian poetry has many beautiful lyricists, except for Sergei Yesenin, I will remember, for example, Alexei Tolstoy and Alexander Blok. But the lyrics of Pavel Vasilyev are distinguished by the special strength, subtlety and suffering of a personality that reveals a biography and a place of its origin - the Siberian society. Exactly social strength- universal allowed Pavel Vasiliev to freely move from the finest sound instrumentation - the music of poetry to high epic. It was the social maturity and the eagle-eyed vigilance of the lyric poet's eye that allowed him to achieve great strength in the description of human suffering and see Russia from a bird's eye view. With the poem "Convoy", which describes the evacuation of the dispossessed village, I am finishing my review of the poetry of Pavel Vasiliev. This poem needs no commentary or explanation, for it speaks for itself. But it confirms that simple thought that in the person of Pavel Vasiliev, Russian poetry has the most subtle and powerful lyrics. Lyrics generated by the Russian people and Russia:

OBOZ

snowflake dawn,
frozen god's rowan,
Blood on ice
reddened edge of the earth...
under the blue wide sky
across the plain
The carts were going.

In the crack of whips
in a shy neigh
Horses curled up from the frost,
And around them flew "goodbye",
"Goodbye",
Yes, crows, and rare stars of lights.

And the villages
like a crowd of unprecedented witches,
They waved the arms of the mills, shouting:
- Didn't you forget, Mashenka, half-shawl
- Is Ignatius Lukich with you?

But silent wrapped in sheepskins,
Wagon guards, from anger drove them,
Fingers hard as a torch
And Lithuanian eyebrows on deaf faces.

The shopkeepers wrapped themselves in blankets,
Their eyes, like weights, were dull.
And, waving their beards, they walked side by side
Priests feral from hunger.

And measured palm to palm hit,
Listening to the convoy bells,
Kites sitting
on bags of breadcrumbs
Accumulators - kulaks and merchants.

Their girlfriends breathed hoarsely,
Heavy as a coffin
Tall as holiday souls
Red-lipped and foreheadless.

And at the very end, crushing the snow
Boots: "Let's get there, damn it!"
- Dragged restless, thieves,
Exhausted smallness.

The moon gleamed in horse manes,
Leaving no trace behind
Walked Golden Horde holy fools,
Herds stiff with hatred.

And behind the Komsomol, the leaders of the brawlers,
Ringing in moon copper,
Widely deployed button accordions,
Heavy with happiness to sing.

Calling to the moon copper,
So that in the morning, drunk with a song,
Breathed easier unseen, unknown,
Sunshine country.

APPENDIX Wikipedia about Pavel Vasiliev ( Biography)

Born on January 5 (December 23, 1909) 1910 in Zaisan (now the Republic of Kazakhstan). Father is a teacher at the Zaysan parish school, a native of the Semirechye Cossacks.

He graduated from school in Omsk in 1925, then studied for several months at Vladivostok University. In 1926 he went to sea as a sailor. He was a prospector at the gold mines of the Lena River, about which he spoke in the books of essays In Gold Exploration (1930) and People in the Taiga (1931).

In 1928 he moved to Moscow to study at the Higher Literary and Art Institute. V. Ya. Bryusova.

He published in Moscow magazines, performed with the reading of his own poems. He had a reputation as a "hooligan", close in spirit and style of behavior to S. A. Yesenin, whom he highly honored. The first poem "Song of death Cossack army”(in 18 parts, written in 1928-1932) was distributed in lists. Behind a short time he wrote 10 poems of folklore and historical content, of which only the poem " salt riot» (1934).

In 1932, together with Yevgeny Zabelin, S. Markov, Leonid Martynov and other Siberian writers, he was arrested on charges of belonging to a counter-revolutionary group of writers - the case of the so-called. "Siberian brigade", but was not convicted. In 1934, a harassment campaign unfolded against him, during which he was accused of drunkenness, hooliganism, anti-Semitism, White Guardism and protection of the kulaks, which M. Gorky also joined, pointing out the expediency of his "isolation". In 1935, as a result of near-literary provocations and denunciations, he was convicted of "malicious hooliganism" and released in the spring of 1936.

In 1936, the film "Party Ticket" was released on the screens of the USSR, in which Pavel Vasiliev became the prototype of the main character - "spy", "saboteur" and "enemy of the people".

In February 1937, he was arrested again and on July 15 was sentenced by the Military Collegium Supreme Court USSR to be shot on charges of belonging to a "terrorist group", allegedly preparing an attempt on Stalin's life. He was shot in the Lefortovo prison on July 16, 1937. He was buried in a common grave of "unclaimed ashes" at the new cemetery of the Donskoy Monastery in Moscow.

In 1956 he was posthumously rehabilitated. Disputes about his political position flared up again, during which the poet, who was killed at the age of 27, was adequately defended by S. Zalygin. Big role his widow Elena Alexandrovna Vyalova-Vasilyeva (1909-1990), his brother-in-law and literary patron Ivan Gronsky (in the 1930s, executive editor of the Izvestia newspaper) played in the restoration of a good name, in the collection and publication of Pavel Vasilyev’s scattered works, and also his friend the poet Sergei Podelkov, who themselves have already served their sentences.

The poems of Pavel Vasiliev are quoted from the book "Pavel Vasiliev Springs are returning." M. Pravda Publishing House, 1991. 448 p. Address of Pavel Vasiliev's poems on the Internet

Pavel Nikolaevich Vasiliev was born on December 12 (25), 1910 in the city of Zaisan in Kazakhstan in the family of a teacher, a native of the Semirechye Cossacks. Mother - Semirechye Cossack.

In 1925 he graduated from school in Omsk and left for Vladivostok to continue his studies, but a year later he went sailing as a sailor, and then became a prospector in the gold mines on the Lena. Life experience acquired during these years, and the impressions received then, became the basis on which his first essays and poems were created.

In 1927, in Novosibirsk, in the journal Siberian Lights, Vasiliev's first poems from a notebook of poems, which he brought from the Lena mines, were published. The books of his essays "In the Golden Intelligence" (1930) and "People in the Taiga" (1931) were already published in Moscow, where Vasiliev moved in 1928 and entered the Higher Literary and Art Institute. V. Ya. Bryusova. He worked hard and hard on poems and poems, publishing them in various newspapers and magazines. He did not break ties with the Siberian Lights magazine, which in 1928 provided its pages to the most striking chapters from the poem. "Songs about the death of the Cossack army", which did not see the light of day during the life of the poet.

In 1933 in the magazine " New world» a poem appeared "Salt Riot", in 1934 - the poem "Sinitsyn and Co", continuing the theme of the Siberian Cossacks. Responding to collectivization in the Siberian countryside, Vasiliev wrote the poem "Fists" (published in 1936).

Vasiliev's poetry is distinguished by a juicy language, close to folk song creativity, and the use of folklore motifs. The last poem "Christolyubov calico", on which he worked in 1935-36, was not completed and was not published during the life of the poet (published in 1956).

In 1936 Vasiliev was repressed. Posthumously rehabilitated.

Russian writers and poets. Brief biographical dictionary. Moscow, 2000

VASILIEV, Pavel Nikolaevich - Russian Soviet poet. Father - a teacher, a native of the Semirechensk Cossacks, mother - Semirechensk Cossack. After graduating from school in Omsk (1925), Vasiliev went to Vladivostok to study, but a year later he went sailing as a sailor, and soon became a prospector in the gold mines of the Lena River. This time of life is devoted to the book of essays "In the Golden Intelligence" (1930), "People in the Taiga" (1931). He published his first poems in the journal Siberian Lights (1927). In 1928 Vasiliev moved to Moscow, studied at the Higher Literary and Art Institute. V. Ya. Bryusova. Vasiliev's poetry reflects intense social conflicts from the life of the pre-revolutionary Irtysh Cossacks (poems "Salt Riot", 1933; "Sinitsyn and Co", 1934, etc.). The process of collectivization, the fight against white bandits are described in poems "Song about the death of the Cossack army"(1928-32, published posthumously in 1957), "Autobiographical Chapters"(1934), "Fists" (1936), "Prince Thomas" (1936) and others. Vasiliev's last poem "Christolyubov calico"(1935-36, published posthumously, 1956) is dedicated to the fate of the artist, who is trying to renounce the traditions of the past and devote himself to serving the people. This conflict reflected the contradictions in the worldview of the poet himself, in whose work a healthy principle often came into conflict with the burden of old aesthetic ideas. Vasiliev is a poet of a lyrical-epic warehouse. The richness of the language, the "violence" of images, the character visual means his poetry is close to folk-song creativity. The poet was characterized by an extraordinary zest for life, the intensity and passion of the worldview, a keen sense of social conflicts, attraction to bright, contrasting colors. Illegally repressed. Rehabilitated posthumously.

Op. Fav. poems and poems, M., 1957. [Introduction. Art. K. Zelinsky].

Lit. Gorky M., Literary amusements, Sobr. soch., v. 27, M., 1953; Makarov A., Conversation about ..., in the book. of the same name, M., 1959.

A. F. Rusakova

Brief literary encyclopedia: In 9 t. - T. 1. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1962

In Russian literature - "the era of the victorious human soul communism."

Pavel Vasiliev
Name at birth	Pavel Nikolaevich Vasiliev
Date of Birth	December 23, 1909 (5 January )(1910-01-05 )
Place of Birth	Zaisan, Semipalatinsk Governorate, Russian Empire
Date of death	July 16(1937-07-16 ) (27 years)
Place of death	Lefortovo Prison, Moscow, USSR
Citizenship (citizenship)
Occupation	poet
Direction	"heroic poetry"
Language of works	Russian
Files at Wikimedia Commons

Biography

He was born on January 5, 1910 (December 23, 1909 according to the old style) in Zaisan (now the Republic of Kazakhstan). Father - Nikolai Kornilovich Vasiliev (1886-1940), the son of a sawyer and a laundress, a graduate of the Semipalatinsk Teacher's Seminary. Mother - Glafira Matveevna, nee. Rzhannikova (1888-1943), the daughter of a peasant in the Krasnoufimsk district of the Perm province, graduated from a progymnasium in Pavlodar.

In 1906, the Vasilievs arrived in Zaisan, where Nikolai Kornilovich entered the parish school as a teacher. The first two children, Vladimir and Nina, died in infancy. Fearing for the fate of the third, Pavel, the Vasilievs moved to Pavlodar in 1911, where Nikolai Kornilovich taught at pedagogical courses.

The Vasilievs often moved to the places of service of Nikolai Kornilovich: in 1913 - to the village of Sandyktavskaya; in 1914 - to Atbasar; in 1916 - to Petropavlovsk, where Pavel entered the first class; in 1919 - to Omsk, where N.K. Vasilyev ended up, being mobilized into the army of Kolchak. At the end of 1920, the Vasilievs returned to Pavlodar, where they settled with the parents of Glafira Matveevna. Pavel studied at a 7-year school run by the Office water transport, which was in charge of his father, then - at the school of the II stage. In the summer of 1923, he went on a boat trip organized for students up the Irtysh to Lake Zaisan.

He wrote his first poems in 1921. At the request of a literature teacher, he wrote a poem for the anniversary of the death of V. I. Lenin, which became a school song.

After leaving school, in June 1926 he left for Vladivostok, studied for several months at the Far Eastern University, where he passed his first public speaking. Participated in the work of the literary and artistic society, the poetic section of which was led by Rurik Ivnev. Here his first publication took place: in the newspaper "Krasny Molodnyak" on November 6, 1926, the poem "October" was printed.

In early December 1926 he left for Moscow. On the way he stopped in Khabarovsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, where he participated in literary meetings and was published in local periodicals, including in the journal Siberian Lights, published under the editorship of V. Zazubrin. He arrived in Moscow in July 1927, in the direction of the All-Russian Union of Writers, he entered the literary department of the Rabfak of Arts. A. V. Lunacharsky (did not graduate).

In 1928 he lived with his parents in Omsk, participated in the local literary life. In August, Vasiliev and N. Titov went on a journey through Siberia and Far East. They worked as cultural workers, hunters, sailors, prospectors at the gold mines on Selemdzha, which Vasilyev told about in the books of essays “In Gold Intelligence” (1930) and “People in the Taiga” (1931); were published a lot, often signing with the pseudonyms "Pavel Kitaev" and "Nikolai Khanov". Upon returning from the mines to Khabarovsk, they led a bohemian lifestyle, causing condemning responses in the press, with the advent of which Vasiliev left for Vladivostok, where he published essays in the Krasnoye Znamya newspaper.

In the autumn of 1929 he arrived in Moscow. He worked in the newspaper "Voice of the Fisherman", as a special correspondent he traveled to the Caspian Sea and the Aral Sea.

In 1930-1932, Vasiliev's poems were published in Izvestiya, Literary Gazette, Novy Mir, Krasnaya Nov, Soviet Land, Proletarian Avant-Garde, Women's Journal, Ogonyok and others periodicals. One of the poems dedicated to Natalia Konchalovskaya. The recognition of poetic talent was accompanied by constant reservations about Vasiliev's alienation to the new system, bright personality the poet began to acquire near-literary gossip, as was the case with Sergei Yesenin in his time.

In the spring of 1932, he was arrested along with N. Anov, E. Zabelin, S. Markov, L. Martynov and L. Chernomortsev on charges of belonging to a counter-revolutionary group of writers - the case of the so-called. "Siberian brigade", - sentenced to deportation to the Northern Territory for three years, but released on probation.

In February 1937, he was arrested for the third time, on July 15 he was sentenced by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR to be shot on charges of belonging to a “terrorist group” that allegedly prepared an assassination attempt on Stalin. Shot in the Lefortovo prison on July 16, 1937. He was buried in a common grave of "unclaimed ashes" at the new cemetery of the Donskoy Monastery in Moscow. On the Kuntsevo cemetery in Moscow, a cenotaph was installed for Pavel Vasilyev next to the grave of his wife E. A. Vyalova-Vasilyeva.

In 1956 he was posthumously rehabilitated. Disputes about his political position flared up again, during which the poet was adequately defended by S. Zalygin. A major role in restoring a good name, in collecting and preparing for publication Vasiliev’s scattered legacy was played by his widow Elena Alexandrovna Vyalova-Vasilyeva (1909-1990) and his brother-in-law and literary patron Ivan Gronsky (in the 1930s he was the executive editor of the newspaper Izvestia "and the journal" Novy Mir "), as well as poets Pavel Vyacheslavov, Sergey Podelkov and Grigory Sannikov, who at their own peril and risk collected and stored Vasiliev's works, including unpublished ones.

Creation

Vasiliev's poems combine folklore motifs old Russia with an open, stampless language of the revolution and the USSR. Growing up in Kazakhstan among the Irtysh Cossack villages, founded by the descendants of the Novgorod ushkuins, who went to the Ob in the 14th century, future poet from childhood he absorbed two cultures - Russian and Kazakh, which allowed him to become a kind of bridge between opposites - East and West, Europe and Asia.

Vasiliev's poetry is full of original figurative power. Fairy-tale elements are combined in it with historical pictures from the life of the Cossacks and with revolutionary modernity. Strong personalities, powerful animals, cruel events and multi-colored steppe landscapes - all this mixes and pours out in his expressive, impetuous scenes in verses with a variable rhythm.

Pavel Vasiliev was born on December 25, 1910 in the district town of Zaisan, Semipalatinsk region. His father, Nikolai Kornilovich, is a teacher, the son of a laundress and a sawyer.

The formation of the poetic character of Pavel Vasiliev had big influence his grandmother (paternal) Maria Fedorovna and grandfather Kornila Ilyich. Illiterate, they possessed a rare gift for writing and telling fairy tales; P. Vasiliev owes much to them for his knowledge of Russian folklore, which later reflected in his work in different ways.

The spiritual development of the poet took place among the provincial teachers, who played a huge role in Russia. Teachers brought to the people not only literacy, but also the advanced ideas of the Russian intelligentsia, they were "generalists" - they taught children, staged performances, introduced the population to classical literature and music. It was this environment that instilled in P. Vasiliev a love for art and poetry.

Life was seen by the boy as diverse and harsh. Ethnic composition the Irtysh region was extremely colorful, multilingual speech was heard at bazaars and fairs, on mountain and steppe roads, on barges and mines. Kazakhs, Russians, Ukrainians, Germans, Mongols lived here. Along coastline Irtysh strip, a width of thirty miles, stretched rich Cossack villages with its heavy traditional military way. A glow hung over the childhood of the future poet civil war, everything fell into memory, into the soul, so that later what was seen with the help of an unusual strong talent and flaming imagination arose in the verbal colors, sounds and rhythms of his poems and poems.

After graduating from the fourth grade, P. Vasiliev made a trip with his father to the village of Bolshe-Narymskoye, located at the foot of the Narym ridge of the Altai Mountains. And if earlier he only read poetry - Pushkin, Lermontov, Yazykov, Maikov, Nekrasov - then this time in the face of untouched centuries-old nature, still intuitively, without any artistic tasks, he himself wanted to express his feelings in poetic form. The autograph of the first poem written in the Baldyn Gorge on June 24, 1921 has been preserved.

After graduating from Pavlodar high school P. Vasilyev goes to Vladivostok and enters the university at the Japanese department of the faculty Oriental languages. He is still fascinated by poetry. He reads Blok, Bryusov, Dravert, Tikhonov, Mayakovsky, Pasternak, Aseev. And completely subdued by Yesenin's lyrics.

On November 6, 1926, Vasiliev's name first appeared in print: the Vladivostok newspaper Krasny Molodnyak published the poem "October".

On the young poet the poet Rurik Ivnev and journalist Lev Povitsky, who were in Vladivostok at that time, drew attention. They staged the first public performance of P. Vasiliev. The evening was a great success.

With the onset winter holidays, having received a scholarship, December 18, 1926 P. Vasiliev with letters of recommendation R. Ivnev and L. Povitsky left Vladivostok for Moscow. But he lingered along the way in Novosibirsk and published several poems in the newspaper "Soviet Siberia" and the magazine "Siberian Lights".

In Moscow, he appeared briefly in July 1927. He visited the Union of Poets, in the editorial office of Komsomolskaya Pravda, where he was very warmly received by I. Utkin and S. Olender. Soon "Komsomolskaya Pravda" published his "Priirtysh villages".

P. Vasiliev listened sensitively to the metropolitan poetry, vigilantly looked at various literary groups and was rather skeptical about their declarations.

Since the beginning of 1928, P. Vasilyev has been living in Omsk, where his parents moved from Pavlodar.

He works hard and experiments. In Siberian periodicals, he publishes "Steamboat", "Vodnik", "Siberia", "Pushkin", "Asiat", "Through the eyes of fish beliefs ...". The last two things can be considered key, they, perhaps, begin an independent creative way P. Vasiliev.

Through the eyes of fish beliefs

My country is still looking,

Red and fresh fish feathers,

Fish scales do not go out.

And in the willows bending towards the water

Then the pipes of the regiments broken,

That balalaika string.

I believe - they didn’t eat without legs,

The road converged with the cloud

And the monsters are still alive -

And a goose bird, and an ide fish.

This fabulousness, folklore coloring will gradually, over the years, be used in many of Vasiliev's works - both in lyrics and in poems. One has only to recall the deep, full of philosophical reflection, charming in tone poem "Summer" - and it becomes clear that in its beginning Vasiliev says about himself:

Believing in simple words

In slanting winds from bird wings,

Guide all over Russia

You led a fairy tale by the hand.

Yes, he led this fairy tale, intertwined with living reality, she accompanied him on his travels around the country. P. Vasiliev traveled Siberia far and wide. I have not seen any places, I have not worked with anyone: as a prospector in the gold mines in the spurs of the Yablonovy Ridge, as a musher in the tundra, as a cultural worker at the Suchansky coal mines, as a freight forwarder, as a physical education instructor, sailed on barges along the Ob, Yenisei, Amur. In navigation in 1929 Far Eastern seas Vasiliev worked as a helmsman on a coaster, then on a fishing boat assigned to the port of Vladivostok. In August 1929, on the schooner "Red India" P. Vasiliev sailed to Japan. He himself told about this in the essay "A Day in Hakodate". At this time, the poet tries to write in prose - and successfully. His truthful, psychologically accurate and romantic essays were included in two books "People in the Taiga" and "In the Golden Intelligence", published in Moscow in 1930.

In the autumn of 1929, nineteen-year-old P. Vasiliev again arrives in the capital and enters the Higher State Literary Courses. He constantly lives in Kuntsevo, works fiercely on poetry, often visits the famous Galyanovka - student hostel behind the Pokrovsky bridge on the Yauza. Poetry evenings were held there almost daily, V. Kazin, A. Zharov, I. Utkin, V. Nasedkin, M. Svetlov, actress Elga Kaminskaya, who contagiously read S. Yesenin's poems, came there.

) (1910-01-05 )

Pavel Nikolaevich Vasiliev(December 23, 1909 (January 5), Zaisan, Semipalatinsk province - July 16, Moscow) - Russian Soviet poet, founder (as defined by S. Klychkov) of the "heroic period" in Russian literature - "the era of communism winning in the human soul."

Biography

He was born on January 5, 1910 (December 23, 1909 according to the old style) in Zaisan (now the Republic of Kazakhstan). Father - Nikolai Kornilovich Vasiliev (1886-1940), the son of a sawyer and a laundress, a graduate of the Semipalatinsk Teacher's Seminary. Mother - Glafira Matveevna, nee. Rzhannikova (1888-1943), the daughter of a peasant in the Krasnoufimsk district of the Perm province, graduated from a progymnasium in Pavlodar.

In 1906, the Vasilievs arrived in Zaisan, where Nikolai Kornilovich became a teacher at the parish school. The first two children, Vladimir and Nina, died in infancy. Fearing for the fate of the third, Pavel, the Vasilievs moved to Pavlodar in 1911, where Nikolai Kornilovich taught at pedagogical courses.

The Vasilievs often moved to the places of service of Nikolai Kornilovich: in 1913 - to the village of Sandyktavskaya; in 1914 - to Atbasar; in 1916 - to Petropavlovsk, where Pavel entered the first class; in 1919 - to Omsk, where N.K. Vasilyev ended up, being mobilized into the army of Kolchak. At the end of 1920, the Vasilievs returned to Pavlodar, where they settled with the parents of Glafira Matveevna. Pavel studied at a 7-year school run by the Water Transport Administration, which was in charge of his father, then at a secondary school. In the summer of 1923, he went on a boat trip organized for students up the Irtysh to Lake Zaisan.

He wrote his first poems in 1921. At the request of a literature teacher, he wrote a poem for the anniversary of the death of V. I. Lenin, which became a school song.

After graduating from school, in June 1926 he left for Vladivostok, studied for several months at the Far East University, where he had his first public performance. Participated in the work of the literary and artistic society, the poetic section of which was led by Rurik Ivnev. Here his first publication took place: in the newspaper "Krasny Molodnyak" on November 6, 1926, the poem "October" was printed.

In early December 1926 he left for Moscow. On the way, he stopped in Khabarovsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, where he participated in literary meetings and published in local periodicals, including the journal Siberian Lights, edited by V. Zazubrin. He arrived in Moscow in July 1927, in the direction of the All-Russian Union of Writers, he entered the literary department of the Rabfak of Arts. A. V. Lunacharsky (did not graduate).

In 1928 he lived with his parents in Omsk, participated in the local literary life. In August, Vasiliev and N. Titov went on a journey through Siberia and the Far East. They worked as cultural workers, hunters, sailors, prospectors at the gold mines on Selemdzha, which Vasilyev told about in the books of essays “In Gold Intelligence” (1930) and “People in the Taiga” (1931); were published a lot, often signing with the pseudonyms "Pavel Kitaev" and "Nikolai Khanov". Upon returning from the mines to Khabarovsk, they led a bohemian lifestyle, causing condemning responses in the press, with the advent of which Vasiliev left for Vladivostok, where he published essays in the Krasnoye Znamya newspaper.

In the autumn of 1929 he arrived in Moscow. He worked in the newspaper "Voice of the Fisherman", as a special correspondent he traveled to the Caspian Sea and the Aral Sea.

In 1930-1932, Vasiliev's poems were published in Izvestia, Literary Gazette, Novy Mir, Krasnaya Nov, Soviet Land, Proletarian Avant-Garde, Women's Journal, Ogonyok and other periodicals . One of the poems dedicated to Natalia Konchalovskaya. Recognition of poetic talent was accompanied by constant reservations about Vasiliev's alienation to the new system, the bright personality of the poet began to acquire near-literary gossip, as was the case with Sergei Yesenin in his time.

In the spring of 1932, he was arrested, along with N. Anov, E. Zabelin, S. Markov, L. Martynov and L. Chernomortsev, on charges of belonging to a counter-revolutionary group of writers - the case of the so-called. "Siberian brigade", - sentenced to deportation to the Northern Territory for three years, but released on probation.

In February 1937, he was arrested for the third time, on July 15 he was sentenced by the Military Board of the Supreme Court of the USSR to be shot on charges of belonging to a "terrorist group" that allegedly prepared an assassination attempt on Stalin. Shot in the Lefortovo prison on July 16, 1937. He was buried in a common grave of "unclaimed ashes" at the new cemetery of the Donskoy Monastery in Moscow. At the Kuntsevo cemetery in Moscow, a cenotaph was installed for Pavel Vasilyev next to the grave of his wife E.A. Vyalova-Vasilyeva..

In 1956 he was posthumously rehabilitated. Disputes about his political position flared up again, during which the poet was adequately defended by S. Zalygin. A major role in restoring a good name, in collecting and preparing for publication Vasiliev’s then scattered heritage was played by his widow Elena Alexandrovna Vyalova-Vasilyeva (1909-1990) and his brother-in-law and literary patron Ivan Gronsky (in the 1930s he was the executive editor of the newspaper Izvestia "and the journal" Novy Mir "), as well as poets Pavel Vyacheslavov, Sergey Podelkov and Grigory Sannikov, who at their own peril and risk collected and stored Vasiliev's works, including unpublished ones.