Atlantic Ocean is considered one of the largest and most voluminous in size, namely the second largest after Pacific Ocean. This ocean, the most studied and developed, when compared with other areas. Its location is as follows: from the east it is framed by the shores of the North and South America, and in the west its borders end with Europe and Africa. In the South, it passes into the Southern Ocean. And on the north side it borders on Greenland. The ocean is distinguished by the fact that there are very few islands in it, and the topography of its bottom is all dotted and has complex structure. The coastline is broken.

Characteristics of the Atlantic Ocean

If we talk about the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe ocean, then it occupies 91.66 million square meters. km. We can say that part of its territory is not the ocean itself, but the existing seas, bays. The volume of the ocean is 329.66 million square meters. km, and its average depth is 3736 m. Where the Puerto Rico trench is located, it is considered the greatest depth of the ocean, which is 8742 m. There are two currents - North and South.

Atlantic Ocean from the north side

The border of the ocean from the north is marked in some places by ridges located under water. In this hemisphere, the Atlantic is framed by a rugged coastline. Its small northern part is connected to the Northern Arctic Ocean several narrow channels. Davis Strait is located in the northeast and connects the ocean with the Baffin Sea, which is also considered to belong to the Arctic Ocean. Closer to the center is the Danish Strait, which is less wide than Davis. Between Norway and Iceland towards the northeast lies the Norwegian Sea.

The Gulf of Mexico is located in the southwest of the North Ocean, which is connected by the Strait of Florida. Also the Caribbean. Many bays can be noted here, such as Barnegat, Delaware, Hudson Bay and others. Exactly at north side ocean you can see the largest and big islands who are renowned for their fame. This is Puerto Rico, world famous Cuba and Haiti, also British Isles and Newfoundland. Closer to the east you can find small groups of islands. These are the Canary Islands, Azores and Cape Verde. Closer to the west - the Bahamas, Lesser Antilles.

South Atlantic Ocean

Some of the geographers believe that the southern part is the entire space to the Antarctic. Someone defines the border at Cape Horn and Cape Good Hope two continents. The coast in the south of the Atlantic Ocean is not as indented as in the north, and there are no seas here. There is one large bay near Africa - Guinea. The farthest point in the south is Tierra del Fuego, which is framed by small islands in in large numbers. Also, you cannot find large islands here, but there are separate islands, like about. Ascension, St. Helena, Tristan da Cunha. Actually far south can be found southern islands, Bouvet, Falkland and others.

As for the current in the south of the ocean, here all systems flow counterclockwise. Near the east of Brazil, the South Equatorial Current forks. One branch goes north, flows near the northern coast of South America, filling the Caribbean. And the second is considered southern, very warm, moves near Brazil and soon connects with the Antarctic current, then goes to east side. Partially separates and turns into the Benguela Current, which is distinguished by its cold waters.

Landmarks of the Atlantic Ocean

There is a special underwater cave in the Belize Barrier Reef. They called it the Blue Hole. It is very deep, and inside it is located more whole line caves, which are interconnected by tunnels. Deep into the cave reaches 120 m and is considered unique in its kind.

There is no person who does not know about the Bermuda Triangle. But it is located in the Atlantic Ocean and excites the imagination of many superstitious travelers. Bermudas beckon with their mystery, but at the same time they frighten with the unknown.

It is in the Atlantic that you can see an unusual sea that has no shores. And all because it is located in the middle body of water, and its boundaries cannot be framed by land, only currents show the boundaries of this sea. This is the only sea in the world that has such unique data and is called the Sargasso Sea.

If you liked this material, share it with your friends in social networks. Thank you!

Atlantic ocean map

Ocean area - 91.6 million square kilometers;
Maximum depth - Puerto Rico trench, 8742 m;
Number of seas - 16;
The largest seas are the Sargasso Sea, the Caribbean Sea, the Mediterranean Sea;
The largest bay is the Gulf of Mexico;
The largest islands are Great Britain, Iceland, Ireland;
The strongest currents:
- warm - Gulf Stream, Brazilian, Northern Tradewind, Southern Tradewind;
- cold - Bengal, Labrador, Canary, West Winds.
The Atlantic Ocean occupies the entire space from subarctic latitudes to Antarctica. It borders the Pacific Ocean in the southwest, the Indian Ocean in the southeast, and the Arctic Ocean in the north. In the northern hemisphere coastline continents, which are washed by the waters of the Arctic Ocean, is heavily indented. There are many inland seas, especially in the east.
The Atlantic Ocean is considered a relatively young ocean. The mid-Atlantic ridge, which stretches almost strictly along the meridian, divides the ocean floor into two approximately identical parts. In the north, individual peaks of the ridge rise above the water in the form volcanic islands, the largest of which is Iceland.
The shelf part of the Atlantic Ocean is not large - 7%. The greatest width of the shelf, 200 - 400 km, is in the area of ​​the North and Baltic Seas.

The Atlantic Ocean is located in all climatic zones, but most of it is in tropical and temperate latitudes. Climatic conditions here are determined by trade winds and westerly winds. greatest strength winds reach in the temperate latitudes of the South Atlantic Ocean. In the area of ​​the island of Iceland is the center of the origin of cyclones, which significantly affect the nature of the entire Northern Hemisphere.
Average temperatures surface water much lower in the Atlantic than in the Pacific. This is due to the influence of cold waters and ice that come from the Arctic Ocean and Antarctica. AT high latitudes there are many icebergs and drifting ice floes. In the north, icebergs slide off Greenland, and in the south, from Antarctica. Today, the movement of icebergs is monitored from space by piece satellites of the earth.
Currents in the Atlantic Ocean have a meridional direction and are characterized by a strong movement of water masses from one latitude to another.
organic world The species composition of the Atlantic Ocean is poorer than that of the Pacific. This is explained by the geological youth and cooler climatic conditions. But, despite this, the stocks of fish and other marine animals and plants in the ocean are quite significant. The organic world is richer in temperate latitudes. More favorable conditions for the residence of many species of fish have developed in the northern and northwestern parts ocean, where there are less flows of warm and cold currents. Here, cod, herring, sea bass, mackerel, capelin are of industrial importance.
They are distinguished by their originality natural complexes individual seas and the inflow of the Atlantic Ocean. This is especially true of the inland seas: the Mediterranean, Black, North and Baltic. In the northern subtropical zone is located, unique in nature, the Sargas Sea. The giant Sargassum seaweed, which is abundant in the sea, has made it famous.
The Atlantic Ocean is crossed by important sea ​​routes, which connect New World with European and African countries. On the coast and islands of the Atlantic there are world-famous areas of recreation and tourism.
The Atlantic Ocean has been explored since ancient times. Since the 15th century, the Atlantic Ocean has become the main waterway of mankind and does not lose its significance today. The first period of ocean exploration lasted until the middle XVIII century. He was characterized by the study of the distribution ocean waters and delimitation of the ocean. A comprehensive study of the nature of the Atlantic began from the end 19th century.
The nature of the ocean in our time has been studied more since 40 scientific ships from different countries peace. Oceanologists carefully study the interaction of the ocean and the atmosphere, observe the Gulf Stream and other currents, and the movement of icebergs. The Atlantic Ocean is no longer able to independently restore its biological resources. Preservation of its nature today is an international matter.
Choose one of unique places Atlantic Ocean and with google maps commit an amusing trip.
You can find out about the latest unusual places on the planet that appeared on the site by going to

The Atlantic Ocean, or the Atlantic, is the second largest (after the Pacific) and the most developed among other water areas. From the east it is limited by the coast of the South and North America, from the west - Africa and Europe, in the north - Greenland, in the south merges with Southern Ocean.

Distinctive features of the Atlantic: a small number of islands, a complex bottom topography and a heavily indented coastline.

Ocean characteristics

Area: 91.66 million sq. km, with 16% of the territory falling on the seas and bays.

Volume: 329.66 million sq. km

Salinity: 35‰.

Depth: average - 3736 m, maximum - 8742 m (Puerto Rico Trench).

Temperature: in the very south and north - about 0 ° C, at the equator - 26-28 ° C.

Currents: conventionally, 2 circulations are distinguished - the Northern (currents move clockwise) and the Southern (counterclockwise). The gyres are separated by the Equatorial inter-trade countercurrent.

Main currents of the Atlantic Ocean

Warm:

Northern trade wind - begins off the western coast of Africa, crosses the ocean from east to west and meets the Gulf Stream near Cuba.

Gulfstream- the most powerful current in the world, which carries 140 million cubic meters of water per second (for comparison: all the rivers of the world carry only 1 million cubic meters of water per second). It originates near the coast of the Bahamas, where the Florida and Antilles currents meet. Together, they give rise to the Gulf Stream, which, through the strait between Cuba and the Florida Peninsula, enters the Atlantic Ocean with a powerful stream. The current then moves north along the US coast. Approximately off the coast of the state North Carolina The Gulf Stream turns east and exits open ocean. After about 1500 km, it meets the cold Labrador Current, which slightly changes the course of the Gulf Stream and carries it to the northeast. Closer to Europe, the current is divided into two branches: Azores and North Atlantic.

It has only recently become known that a reverse current flows 2 km below the Gulf Stream, heading from Greenland to the Sargasso Sea. This flow ice water called the Antigulf Stream.

north atlantic- continuation of the Gulf Stream, which washes West Coast Europe and brings warmth southern latitudes providing a mild and warm climate.

Antillean- begins east of the island of Puerto Rico, flows north and joins the Gulf Stream near the Bahamas. Speed ​​— 1-1.9 km/h, water temperature 25-28°C.

Intertrade countercurrent - flow around Earth along the equator. In the Atlantic, it separates the North Equatorial and South Equatorial currents.

South trade wind (or South Equatorial) - passes through the southern tropics. The average water temperature is 30°C. When the South Equatorial Current reaches the shores of South America, it divides into two branches: caribbean, or Guiana (flows north to the coast of Mexico) and brazilian- moves south along the coast of Brazil.

Guinean located in the Gulf of Guinea. It flows from west to east and then turns south. Together with the Angolan and South Equatorial forms a cyclic course of the Gulf of Guinea.

Cold:

Lomonosov countercurrent - discovered by a Soviet expedition in 1959. It originates off the coast of Brazil and moves north. A stream 200 km wide crosses the equator and flows into the Gulf of Guinea.

Canarian- flows from north to south, towards the equator along the coast of Africa. This wide stream (up to 1 thousand km) near Madeira and canary islands meets with the Azores and Portuguese currents. Approximately in the region of 15°N. joins with the Equatorial Countercurrent.

Labrador - begins in the strait between Canada and Greenland. It flows south to the Newfoundland bank, where it meets the Gulf Stream. The waters of the current carry the cold from Arctic Ocean, and along with the flow, huge icebergs are carried south. In particular, the iceberg that destroyed the famous Titanic was brought by the Labrador Current.

Benguela- is born near the Cape of Good Hope and moves along the coast of Africa to the north.

Falkland (or Malvinas) branches off from the West Wind Current and flows north along east coast South America to La Plata Bay. Temperature: 4-15°C.

The course of the westerly winds encircles the globe in the region of 40-50 °S. The stream moves from west to east. In the Atlantic it branches off South Atlantic flow.

Underwater world of the Atlantic Ocean

The underwater world of the Atlantic is poorer in diversity than in the Pacific Ocean. This is due to the fact that the Atlantic Ocean has been more frozen during ice age. But the Atlantic is richer in the number of individuals of each species.

Flora and fauna underwater world clearly distributed across climatic zones.

The flora is represented mainly by algae and flowering plants (Zostera, Posidonia, Fucus). In the northern latitudes, kelp predominates, in temperate latitudes - red algae. Phytoplankton flourishes throughout the ocean at depths of up to 100 m.

The fauna is rich in species. Almost all species and classes of marine animals live in the Atlantic. Of the commercial fish, herring, sardine, and flounder are especially valued. There is an active catch of crustaceans and mollusks, whaling is limited.

The tropical belt of the Atlantic is striking in its abundance. There are many corals and many amazing species of animals: turtles, flying fish, several dozen species of sharks.

For the first time the name of the ocean is found in the writings of Herodotus (5th century BC), who calls it the sea of ​​Atlantis. And in the 1st century AD. Roman scientist Pliny the Elder writes about the vast expanse of water, which he calls Oceanus Atlantikus. But official name"Atlantic Ocean" was fixed only by the XVII century.

There are 4 stages in the history of Atlantic exploration:

1. From antiquity to the 15th century. The first documents that talk about the ocean date back to the 1st millennium BC. The ancient Phoenicians, Egyptians, Cretans and Greeks knew the coastal zones of the water area well. Preserved maps of those times with detailed measurements of depths, indications of currents.

2. Time of the Greats geographical discoveries(XV-XVII centuries). The development of the Atlantic continues, the ocean becomes one of the most important trade routes. In 1498, Vasco de Gama, rounding Africa, paved the way to India. 1493-1501 Three voyages of Columbus to America. The Bermuda anomaly has been identified, many currents have been discovered, and detailed maps depths, coastal zones, temperatures, bottom topography.

Expeditions of Franklin in 1770, I. Kruzenshtern and Yu. Lisyansky in 1804-06.

3. XIX-first half of the XX century - the beginning of scientific oceanographic research. Chemistry, physics, biology, geology of the ocean are being studied. A map of currents has been drawn up, and research is being carried out to lay a submarine cable between Europe and America.

4. 1950s - our days. A comprehensive study of all components of oceanography is being carried out. In priority: studying the climate of different zones, identifying global atmospheric problems, ecology, mining, ensuring the movement of ships, seafood.

In the center of the Belize Barrier Reef is a unique underwater cave - the Great Blue Hole. Its depth is 120 meters, and at the very bottom there is a whole gallery of smaller caves connected by tunnels.

The only sea in the world without shores, the Sargasso, is located in the Atlantic. Its borders are formed by ocean currents.

One of the most mysterious places on the planet is located here: the Bermuda Triangle. The Atlantic Ocean is also the birthplace of another myth (or reality?) - the mainland of Atlantis.

Atlantic Ocean- the second largest ocean after the Pacific Ocean. It contains 25% of the world's water. The average depth is 3,600 m. The maximum depth is in the Puerto Rico trench - 8,742 m. The ocean area is 91 million square meters. km.

general information

The ocean arose as a result of the split of the supercontinent Pangea» into two large parts, which subsequently formed into modern continents.

The Atlantic Ocean has been known to man since ancient times. Mentioning the ocean, which " called the Atlantic“, can be found in the records of the 3rd c. BC. The name probably originated from the legendary missing mainland " Atlantis«.

True, it is not clear what territory it designated, because in ancient times people were limited in their means of transportation by sea.

Relief and islands

A distinctive feature of the Atlantic Ocean is a very small number of islands, as well as a complex bottom topography, which forms many pits and gutters. The deepest among them are the Puerto Rico Trench and the South Sandwich Trench, which are over 8 km deep.

The structure of the bottom is greatly affected by earthquakes and volcanoes, most active tectonic processes seen in equatorial zone.

Volcanic activity in the ocean has been going on for 90 million years. The height of many underwater volcanoes exceeds 5 km. The largest and most famous are found in the Puerto Rico and Yuno Sandwich trenches, as well as on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.

Climate

The large meridional extent of the ocean from north to south explains the diversity climatic conditions on the surface of the ocean. In the equatorial zone, there are slight temperature fluctuations throughout the year and an average of +27 degrees. Same way a huge impact the temperature of the ocean is influenced by the exchange of water with the Arctic Ocean. From the north, tens of thousands of icebergs drift into the Atlantic Ocean, reaching almost tropical waters.

The Gulf Stream, the largest current on the planet, is born off the southeastern coast of North America. Water consumption per day is 82 million cubic meters, which is 60 times higher than the flow of all rivers. The width of the current reaches 75 km. wide, and the depth is 700 m. The speed of the current varies between 6-30 km / h. The Gulf Stream carries warm waters, the temperature of the upper layer of the current is 26 degrees.

In the area of The Newfoundland Gulf Stream meets the cold wall of the Labrador Current. A mixture of waters is created ideal conditions for the propagation of microorganisms in the upper layers. Best known in this regard Large Newfoundland barrel, which is a source of fishing for fish such as cod, herring and salmon.

Flora and fauna

The Atlantic Ocean is characterized by an abundance of biomass with a relatively poor species composition in the northern and southern margins. The greatest species diversity is observed in the equatorial zone.

Of the fish, the most common are the families of nanoteniy and white-blooded pikes. Large mammals are represented most widely: cetaceans, seals, seals and others. The amount of plankton is insignificant, which causes the migration of whales to the feeding grounds to the north or to temperate latitudes, where it is more.

Many places in the Atlantic Ocean have been and continue to be intensive fishing grounds. Earlier development of the ocean led to the fact that hunting for mammals is already widespread here. long time. This has reduced the number of some animal species compared to the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

Plants are presented a wide range green, brown and red algae. The famous sargasso form a popular book and interesting stories Sargasso Sea.

Bahamas. Where the Caribbean and the Atlantic meet! Unforgettably!!!

Where are the oceans?

The oceans are the source of life on Earth. It is believed that the first living organisms on our planet originated in the oceans. Despite the fact that the composition of water has changed a lot since then, and the number of diverse life forms in it is now hardly calculable, the oceans continue to play very important role both in the life of the planet as a whole, and in the life of people.
WHO LIVES AT THE BOTTOM OF THE MARIANA TREAT?

The climate on the planet depends on the oceans; they participate in the water cycle in nature; they are the habitat for a huge number of plants and organisms; the oceans are used for fishing and shipping.

For those who have never been on the ocean, the question may arise where the ocean is. In order to answer it, it is necessary to introduce some specifics. Since it is impossible to answer where the world ocean is - it is everywhere. The waters of the world's oceans cover more than 70% of the Earth's area.
223 Currents of the Atlantic Ocean

Therefore, in this article we will pay attention in turn to each of the oceans that currently exist and tell you where they are.

Pacific Ocean

Area - 165,250,000 km2.

The average depth is 4,028 m.

The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the four oceans on Earth. On its territory is the deepest ocean trench of the planet - the Mariana Trench (Marian Trench).

Where is the Pacific Ocean located? Between the Southern Ocean, Asia, Australia and Western hemisphere. The equator divides the Pacific Ocean into northern and southern parts. Fishing in the waters of the Pacific Ocean is about 60% of the world's volume. Around it are zones of increased seismic and volcanic activity, which is sometimes also called the "Pacific volcanic ring of fire". Tropical cyclones such as typhoons and hurricanes form here.

pay attention to the geographical position, the history of the past, the peculiarities of the nature of the Atlantic Ocean, and the honor of the state.

Illumination - learn about geographic positions, history of heritage, peculiarities of nature, master's development of the Atlantic Ocean;
2. Development - to develop in the mind the causes of the peculiarities of nature, to select cards to characterize the relief and life of the earth's core of the mainland, to establish them, to practice with different sources of knowledge - a handyman, maps to the atlas.
3. Vihovna - vyhovuvati respect, zozeredzhenіst, neatness, vminnya pratsyuvati independently.
setting:
atlases;
computer, multimedia projector, screen;
multimedia presentation "Atlantic Ocean".
Hid lesson
II.

Homework revision
Dictation by topic: "Pacific Ocean"
- Having listened to the assertion, make sure that you believe the judgment about the ocean, so you care that you write the letter correctly, that you stand on orders from the affirmations.
Naming the ocean by giving F. Magellan. Pro
The third ocean on the Earth for its size. Pro
At whom the ocean is rotting the Marian zholob. Before
Pivnіchnoy part of the ocean washes the mainland Eurasia. Before
The area of ​​the ocean is increasing.

AT
The whole ocean is connected with the Pivnichniy Lodovitim ocean, the Bering channel. E
Yogo opera "Vognyane Kilce" A
The coldest ocean according to the temperature of surface waters. I
In the middle of the ocean to pass the middle - oceanic ridge L
At the peninsular part of the ocean, the monsoons are pushing harder.

D
The whole ocean occupies maybe 1/3 of the earth's surface. BUT
Surrounding part of Africa. H
Vyvchennya new material.

As you already guessed the language about the ocean, listen to me respectfully and try to find out what the ocean is.
We get to know each other geographical object - a unique territory, where the sea without shores, where the most intense ocean currents pass, and where the most mysterious trikutnik on the planet
(Bermuda) - 70 lands are stashed in yoga borders.

From the old hours of wine, having mastered the people. Yogo was called “The Sea beyond Hercules’ Stovpami” and “The Western Ocean”, “The Sea of ​​Moroku”, and at the same time we call Yogo ... the Atlantic Ocean!!

How is the whole ocean having taken away its name?
Yogo was called imovirno to be like in the Atlas Mountains on the pivnіchny sunset of Africa. Abo for the name of the mainland Atlantidi. On the edge of the country, having changed the upper Ruler Atlas (in Greek, Atlant, the stars and names are Atlantis and the Atlantic Sea).

Atlantis began to expand their influx on the ships, subordinating them, vicoristing their own, which is not within our reach to inspire knowledge and ability. Ale ... a sprig of strong earth cowards split the island, and blew into the ocean.
Get to know the ocean, we will follow the plan:
2. Pohodzhennya i relief of the bottom of the ocean
3. Features of nature.
4.

Lord's activity.

1. Geographical position of the ocean.

The Atlantic Ocean stretches from the cordons of the Pivnichny-Ice-ice-covered ocean on the ice to Antarctica on the ice. At the exit, the shores of Eurasia and Africa, and at the entrance, Pivnichnaya and Pivdenny America.
characterize the DP to the ocean behind the plan.
Work with atlases.
Between what continents does the Atlantic Ocean flow?
With what other oceans of faults?
Like seas and streams to enter the warehouse of this ocean?
How does the ocean spread along the equator, the tropics, the polar kіl and the prime meridian?
The Atlantic Ocean stretches from the subarctic latitudes to Antarctica.
The greatest width of the wines is reached in the dead latitudes and sounds up to the equator.
2.

History of the Ocean

The Atlantic Ocean, having become mastered by seafarers in the II century. BC The routes of the ancient seafarers lay on the pivnich (uzdovzh shores of Europe) and on the pivden (uzdovzh shores of Africa). Bula needed majestic masculinity, so that at this hour to enter the unknown ocean. The Vikings were the first to cross the Atlantic, as geographers think.
From the epoch of the Great Geographical Vidkrittiv (swimming of Kh.

Columbus, Vasco da Gami, F. Magellan and others) The Atlantic Ocean became the main waterway on the Earth. Started work on yoga research: wash the glybin, control the speed and flow, strength and speed of the wind and wind.
The beginning of the complex achievements of the Atlantic was laid on the voyages of the Challenger in the late 19th century. Behind the stage of education, the Atlantic Ocean sits first. At this time, the country is rich in watery masses, bottom relief, currents, interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere.

Trip to the Atlantic Ocean

— The Atlantic Ocean is the youngest. Having settled down in 160 million. That is the hour of the fall of Gondwana.
Koristuyuchisya card "Budova earthly measles", give advice on food:
As a result of such processes, did the Atlantic Ocean settle down?
How are the plates of the lithosphere filling the bottom of the ocean?
The relief of the bottom of the ocean
Mayzhe in the middle of the ocean to pass the Mid-Atlantic Ridge with a length of over 17 thousand km and a width of 1000 km.
On the ocean, the ridge rises to the surface - the island of Iceland.
The lodges of the ocean are occupied by oceanic plains, underwater peaks.
Shelf occupies close to 1/3 of the waters around the continents.

Features of nature

The ocean lies in all climatic zones (Arctic Crimea).
The temperature of the surface waters in the Atlantic is in the middle lower, lower in the Pacific Ocean.
The average salinity of surface waters is 35.3‰, the maximum is over 37.5‰. (Recorded by zoshit)

Like I call the sea - you raise your hands, like a channel of your hands to the sides, stretching your arms forward.

Beringov
Tasmanovo
Kuroshio
Okhotsk
Skhidno-Australian
Magellan
Pivdenno-pasatna
Beringovo
Drake
coral
windshields

The Gulf Stream is a great sea current in the Atlantic Ocean.

Zavdyaki yogo warm the waters of the European powers, roztashovanny on the shores of the ocean, mayut more mild climate, lower without it.

The heat in the Gulf Stream was seen by 1 million nuclear power plants.
Map the main currents of the Atlantic Ocean

— What is the role of flowing on the ocean and the climate of the coasts
territory?

The organic light of the Atlantic by the lower species, the lower organic light of the Pacific Ocean.

It is explained to all youth, a strong cold climate under the hour of the rest of the icing.
The Atlantic Ocean is rich in commercial species of ribs: sedentary, sea bass, codfish, mackerel, capelin and others.

Sharks, whales, seals are shooting. The region of the Canary Islands is rich in lobsters and anchovies. Sea urchins and mollusks are seen near the peninsula.

5. Gospodarska vikoristannya ocean.

 Vidobutok of brown copalins
 Ribbon promise
 Transport routes
 Recreational resources

Find and correct pardons in the text.
The Atlantic Ocean is the third largest ocean of the world.

Roztashovuetsya in two pіvkul. At the descent, the shores of Pivnichnaya and Pivdenny America, and on the pivdni - Antarctica. The greatest width of wines is at the equator. The first, as geographers think, was the Spaniards who overtook the Atlantic.
The Atlantic Ocean is the most recent.

Mayzhe in the middle of the ocean to pass glybokovodnі zholoby. The average salinity of surface waters is 25.3 ‰. the Atlantic rich in species, the lower organic world of the Pacific Ocean.

I would like to finish with the words of the bard
Green Atlantic -
Long time ago.
Volotsyugs and Romantics
I'm going to put up windows again.
I swedish panicles
Fly across the ocean
Ships of all marinas,
I of all possible lands.
From Antarctica to the Arctic
Carry your ships
green Atlantic
From the eyes of Neptune.

Similar articles

Pacific region: on the map, seas, currents, photographs, islands, depression, fish, geography, ecology, depth, size, area

Pacific Ocean- most big ocean on our planet. The sea area is 178.6 million square meters. km, the size is 710 million cubic kilometers, the average depth is 3980 meters.

Sea: Bering, Okhotsk, Japan, East China, Yellow, South China, Javanese, Sulawesi, Sulu, Philippines, Coral, Fiji, Tasmanian, etc.

Considering the number (approximately 10 thousand) and the total area of ​​the islands (about 3.6 million km2), the Pacific Ocean ranks first among the oceans.

In the northern part - the Aleutian; in the west - Kuril, Sakhalin, Japanese, Philippine, large and smaller Sunda, New Guinea, New Zealand, Tasmania; in the central and southern parts- Many small islands.

The bottom reset is changing.

In the East East Pacific region, in the central part of many basins, the Globokomorsky ditches in the north - Aleut, Kuril-Kamchatka, Izu-Bonin (Northeast, Northwest, Middle, East, South, etc.); west - Marian (with the greatest depth of the oceans - 11,022 m), in the Philippines, etc. in Eastern - Central America, Peru and others.

Main surface currents: in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean - warm Kuroshio, the northern part of the Pacific Ocean and Alaska and cold California and the Kuriles; in the southern part, warm South Pass and east Australian and cold west winds and Peruvians.

The surface water temperature at the equator is between 26 and 29 °C, and in the subpolar regions at -0.5 °C. The salinity is 30-36.5%.

The Pacific Ocean accounts for about half of the world's fish catch (Peninsular, herring, salmon, cod, sea bass, etc.).

Shellfish, shrimp, oyster production.

In the Pacific Ocean lay an important ocean and air connection between the states of the Pacific Ocean and transit routes between the countries of the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean.

Major ports: Vladivostok, Nakhodka (Russia), Shanghai (China), Singapore (Singapore), Sydney (Australia), Vancouver (Canada), San Francisco (USA), Vasco (Chile).

Across the Pacific Ocean, on the 180th meridian, there is a date change line.

Photo Pacific Ocean:

Where is it on the map:

The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean after the Pacific.

Its area is much smaller and amounts to 91.6 million km². About a quarter of this area falls on shelf seas.

The coastline is very indented, primarily in the Northern Hemisphere, in the Southern Hemisphere it is relatively flat. The ocean washes all continents except Australia. Islands located in the ocean are located near the continents. The Atlantic washes the most big Island planets - Greenland.

This ocean has begun to develop European civilization before everyone else, and therefore has for Europe great value. It got its name in honor of the titan Atlanta, since he held the vault of heaven not far from the mythical garden of the Hesperides, located at the edge of the earth's firmament, just where the Atlantic Ocean went - the ancient Greeks thought so.

Also, its name is associated with the legendary Atlantis, which, according to legend, was somewhere in the waters of the Atlantic and irretrievably sunk in its depths. Perhaps the myth of Atlantis has a real basis. As a result of movement earth's crust some islands of the Mediterranean went under water along with temples, palaces and columns erected by ancient civilizations.

Along the banks mediterranean sea for thousands of years, new states arose and disappeared: Crete, Mycenae, policies Ancient Greece, Phoenicia, Carthage, finally Rome. Ancient Rome from small town state for several centuries has become the strongest Mediterranean power. AT I-II centuries AD Rome controlled the entire Mediterranean coast. The Romans even called it "Mare Nostrum" or "Our Sea".

In the Middle Ages, the most important trade routes between Europe, Asia and Africa passed here. Countries that had access to the Atlantic began to colonize more and more remote corners of the planet. With the discovery of America, the Atlantic Ocean became link between the Old and New Worlds.

And today its economic and transport value is still very large.

Speaking about the topography of the bottom of the Atlantic, it should be said that this is a young ocean. It was formed only in the Mesozoic era, when the single continent of Pangea began to split into parts, and America separated from Africa. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge stretches across the ocean from north to south. The island of Iceland in the north is nothing more than the exit of this ridge to the surface, which is why Iceland is a country of geysers and volcanoes.

Now the ocean continues to expand, and the continents are moving away from each other at a speed of several centimeters per year. The Mediterranean Sea is the largest inland sea of ​​the ocean in its origin, together with the Black, Caspian and Azov seas, are the remains of the ancient tropical ocean Tethys, which closed after the collision of Africa and Eurasia.

In the future, in millions of years, these seas will completely disappear, and mountains will form in their place.

The climate of the Atlantic Ocean is very diverse, because, like the Pacific Ocean, it is located in all climatic zones of the planet. However, the temperature of surface waters here is lower than in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

This is due to the constant cooling effect of melting ice brought here from the Arctic. Currents contribute to the movement of floating ice, the distribution limit of which reaches 40 ° N.L. At the same time, the salinity of the Atlantic is very high, since nai large areas the ocean is in the tropics, where evaporation is high and rain falls very little. The evaporated moisture is carried away by the winds to the continents, due to the relative narrowness of the ocean, not having time to fall over its water area.

The organic world of the Atlantic is poorer than the world of the Pacific.

The reason for this is the colder climate and its youth. But with a small variety, the number of fish and other marine animals is significant. The shelf occupies large areas here, and therefore convenient places are created for the spawning of many commercial fish: cod, herring, mackerel, sea bass, capelin. Whales and seals are found in polar waters.

Off the coast of North America is the unique Sargasso Sea, it has no shores, and its borders are formed ocean currents. The surface of the sea is covered with Sargasso algae, the waters of the sea are poor in plankton. Once the Sargasso Sea was also the most transparent on the planet, however, now its surface is heavily polluted with oil products.

Thanks to their natural conditions, The Atlantic Ocean is the most productive in terms of biological resources.

Most of the fish catch occurs in the northern part of it, but too active fishing has led to a noticeable reduction in the amount of resources in last years. There are a lot of oil and gas reserves on the Shelf, especially in the territory Gulf of Mexico However, the accident in 2010 showed what enormous damage to the ocean ecology is caused by their extraction.

Large deposits of hydrocarbons and on the shelf North Sea off the coast of Europe. Today, the ocean is already very heavily polluted by human activities and is not able to clean itself at such a speed. The task of the developed states of the Earth for the coming decades is to protect and preserve its natural resources.

Atlantic map

Map source: http://geography.su/atlas/item/f00/s00/z0000000/map002.shtml

< Вернуться в раздел "Гидросфера"

< На главную страницу

News informer: (provided by newsfiber.com)

Atlantic Ocean: on the map, seas, currents, photo, islands, depressions, fish, geography, ecology, depth, size, area

Atlantic Ocean- the second largest ocean after the Pacific Ocean. The area with the seas is 91.6 million sq. km, the volume is 329.7 million.

km3, average depth 3600 m, maximum depth 8742 m (Puerto Rico Trench). The name of the Atlantic Ocean comes from the name of the titan Atlanta in Greek mythology.

Seas: Baltic, North, Mediterranean, Black, Sargasso, Caribbean and others.

Large bays - Biscay, Guinean, Mexican.

Main islands: British, Iceland, Newfoundland, Greater and Lesser Antilles, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Falkland (Malvinas).

The meridional Mid-Atlantic Ridge divides the Atlantic Ocean into eastern and western parts.

The main surface currents: warm North Trade Wind, Gulf Stream and North Atlantic, cold Labrador and Canary in the North Atlantic Ocean; warm South Trade Winds and Brazil, cold West Winds and Benguela in the South Atlantic Ocean.

The highest tide is 18 m (Bay of Fundy).

The surface water temperature near the equator is up to 28 C. It freezes at high latitudes. Salinity 34-37.3%.

Fishing: (herring, cod, sea bass, hake, tuna, etc.) - 2/5 of the world catch. Oil production on the shelves of the Gulf of Mexico, caribbean, North Sea.

Leading position in global shipping. Major ports: Rotterdam (Netherlands), New York, Houston (USA), Marseille (France), Hamburg (Germany), Genoa (Italy), London (UK), Buenos Aires (Argentina), St. Petersburg (Russia) , Ilyichevsk (Ukraine).

49 countries are washed by the Atlantic Ocean:

Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Benin, Brazil, United Kingdom, Venezuela, Gabon, Haiti, Guyana, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Grenada, Democratic Republic Congo, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ireland, Iceland, Spain, Cape Verde, Cameroon, Canada, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Liberia, Mauritania, Morocco, Namibia, Nigeria, Norway, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Sao Tome and Principe , Senegal, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Suriname, USA, Sierra Leone, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, France, Equatorial Guinea, South Africa.

Photo of the Atlantic Ocean: