As Victor Hugo used to say, a person has as many as three characters: one ascribes to him the environment, the other he ascribes to himself, and the third is real, objective.

There are more than five hundred character traits of a person, and not all of them are unambiguously positive or negative, a lot depends on the context.

Therefore, any person who has collected certain qualities in individual proportions is unique.

The character of a person is a specific, inherent only to him combination of personal, ordered psychological traits, features, nuances. It is formed, meanwhile, for a lifetime and manifests itself during labor and social interaction.

Soberly assessing and describing the character of the chosen person is not an easy task. After all, not all of its properties are shown to the environment: some features (good and bad) remain in the shadows. Yes, and to ourselves we seem somewhat different than seen in the mirror.

Is it possible? Yes, there is a version that this is possible. Through long efforts and training, you are able to appropriate the qualities you love, becoming a little better.

The character of a person is shown in his actions, in public behavior. It is visible in the attitude of the individual to work, to things, to other people and in her self-esteem.

In addition, the qualities of character are divided into groups - "volitional", "emotional", "intellectual" and "social".

We are not born with specific features, but we acquire them in the process of upbringing, education, research of the environment, and so on. Of course, the genotype also influences the formation of character: the apple often falls very close to the apple tree.

At its core, character is close to temperament, but they are not the same thing.

In order to relatively soberly assess oneself and one's role in society, psychologists advise writing out their positive, neutral and negative traits on a piece of paper and analyze.

Try to do this and you will find examples of character traits below.

Positive character traits (list)

Negative qualities of character (list)

At the same time, some qualities are difficult to attribute to good or bad, and you can’t call them neutral either. So, any mother wants her daughter to be shy, silent and shy, but is this good for the girl?

Again, a dreamy person can be cute, but completely unlucky due to the fact that he is always in the clouds. An assertive individual looks stubborn for some, unbearable and stubborn for others.

Is it bad to be gambling and carefree? How far has cunning gone from wisdom and resourcefulness? Ambitiousness, ambition, purposefulness lead to success or to loneliness? It will probably depend on the situation and context.

And what to be to you, you decide!

Character is a manifestation of an emotional reaction in a person's behavior in various relationships and specific situations. The character of a certain person and all his features of the manifestation of qualities are a consequence of upbringing and living conditions in a social society.

Of course, individual adjustment and various life circumstances affect human psychology, but the formation and development of higher mental functions and genetic features are laid and formed in the womb, so when a person is born, almost from the first days he shows his individual characteristics. Any person can be characterized and assigned to him certain type personality.

Also, one can pay attention to the manifestation of characteristic typical signs different peoples, i.e. exist general definitions specific nationalities. For example, the character of the Russian is clearly different from other national mentalities.

The temperament of a Russian person:

• “Breadth and generosity of the soul”, which is absent in most nations.
• Patience, perseverance and endurance.
• Craving for justice and compassion.
• Of the negative: laziness, pessimism, hypocrisy and foul language.

It is easy to define a Russian person by temperament, foreign nations associate a Russian person as someone who loves to walk "in a big way", they have always been surprised by the generosity, steadfastness and selflessness of the Russian people. Only a Russian person has an original sense of humor, which perplexes foreign brethren. Many foreign men believe that a Russian woman is the best companion for life, as she has responsiveness, humanity, loyalty and compassion.

Also, a decent barrier for foreigners is the study of the Russian language, it is considered the most difficult because of excessive emotionality and double meaning. identical words. The qualities in people of the Russian warehouse, their attitude towards other people of the social environment in more tend to respect religious traditions. Attitude towards Christianity, observance of religious rites begins with the origins of the formation of the Slavic race.

8 SIGNS YOU ARE LIE! How to recognize a lie?

Individual characteristics in people, identifying their signs indicator true face Russian person, what qualities and abilities can manifest themselves in non-standard situations social society. The psychology of a Russian person, the flexibility of the mind, extraordinary endurance, selflessness, love for the motherland, the manifestation of compassion more than once convinced opponents of their strength and steadfastness.

Classification of character traits

Character traits
emotional	Volitional	Moral	intellectual
Emotionality	persistence	Honesty	Curiosity
Cheerfulness	Independence	Responsiveness	Wits
Impressionability	Uncertainty	Kindness	Resourcefulness
	Determination	Cruelty	Frivolity
	Courage		Thoughtfulness

The psychology of varying degrees of manifestation of the character of each person is individual and is formed throughout life, varies depending on social environment. There is a certain classification to which a person can be attributed.

List of manifestations in people's behavior and assessment of qualities in social situations.

1. Volitional qualities are features of properties specific person which manifest themselves in non-standard situations (endurance, patience, stubbornness, courage, cowardice, courage, discipline, etc.)
2. Emotional manifestations are duration mental processes in a certain person in specific situations (negative, positive, dynamic, neutral, statistical, non-traditional).
3. Intellectual features of an individual person, the quality of a person’s thinking (breadth, depth, flexibility, criticality, stupidity, etc.)

List of manifestations of the qualities of people

Attitude to the surrounding world, divided into four types:

• I'm good - everyone is good.
• I'm good, everyone's bad.
• I'm bad - everyone is good.
• I'm bad - everyone is bad.
• Attitude towards one's personality (self-respect, self-criticism, arrogance, feeling dignity etc.).
• Attitude towards work (laziness, diligence, accuracy, tolerance, negligence, punctuality, responsibility, etc.).
• Attitude in social environment groups (sociability, isolation, truthfulness, deceit, politeness, rudeness, etc.).

Types of human temperament

Temperament is the permanent features of the individual behavior of a particular person, which are equally manifested in various activities. There are four types of definitions which are:

1. Sanguine, characterized by increased mobility, working capacity has pronounced facial expressions. emotional manifestations in facial expression, responsiveness, sociability, balance, optimism, cheerful disposition, fatigue from hard work, carelessness.
2. Choleric - sudden mood swings, irascibility, hysteria, quick appeasement, impulsiveness, outbursts of anger.
3. Melancholic - anxiety, pessimism, vulnerability, excessive worries for any reason, restraint, self-control, distrust of others.
4. Phlegmatic - cold-bloodedness, low activity, prudence, gives the impression of a wise person, always brings the matter to the end.

Human temperament. 4 types of temperament: choleric, sanguine, melancholic, phlegmatic

Manifestations of character traits in men and women

The manifestation of character traits in men

The same character trait in men and women, their attitude to actions is manifested in different emotional reactions, causing completely different feelings.

For example, the touchiness of a woman manifests itself in a man in the form of angry outbursts.

• Women are characterized by manifestations of excessive emotionality, sensitivity, understanding and compassion, practicality, they are more prone to sudden mood swings. The psychology of men, their attitude to values, is based on restraint and the desire for power and leadership. Each period of the era is characterized by the presence of certain qualities in men and women.

The manifestation of character traits in women

• So, for example, the qualities in modern people have minor differences, more and more associations of male and female professions are being formed. Today it is not uncommon to see fair half humanity at the wheel, and a man as a stylist, hairdresser or conductor, which a few decades ago would have surprised them very much.

The main traits of a person's character are the prevailing stable, innate or acquired qualities that are constantly manifested in the behavior of an individual person. Finding out what signs match certain person you can make a psychological portrait, attitude and opinion about it, as well as assign a type of temperament (choleric, sanguine, melancholic, phlegmatic).

Classify what inherent individual qualities in order to determine positive and negative character traits and draw general conclusions. This will help, for example, when applying for a job in choosing a position, and sometimes in choosing a life partner, by determining the criteria that you value.

Negative and positive personality traits

The psychology of any person is the continuous formation of a quality of character, depending on what conditions, therefore it is common for him to show negative traits, they can change depending on what conditions, for worse or better.

There are also permanent negative qualities, manifested in an individual person, which do not change during life.

Negative character traits can not always be regarded as their negative features and qualities can emphasize dignity:

1. Self-confidence - self-satisfaction, can provoke a craving for efficiency and performance improvement, for the realization of self-satisfaction.
2. Stubbornness provokes the achievement of goals.
3. Selfishness - ignoring others is bad, but trying to please others is not always beneficial. Sometimes you need to think about yourself in order to be able to help others.
4. Envy, some people can provoke them to desire to achieve best result than others.

There are such character traits in people as cruelty, deceit, hypocrisy, laziness, stinginess, rudeness, gloom, etc., which will never provoke them to good deeds.

Positive and negative character traits of their qualities are more or less lesser degree are present in every person. Positive ones can cover up negative character traits of an individual person. For example, people are lazy but good-natured or selfish but neat and hardworking, rude but responsive and generous, and so on.

List positive qualities their signs:

1. Endurance and patience.
2. Gratitude and Morality.
3. Initiative and ingenuity.
4. Cheerfulness and giftedness.
5. Sensitivity and optimism, etc.

The main character traits in women

List of predominant qualities and their distinctive properties:

The main character traits in men

List of predominant qualities and their properties:

4 main psychotypes of personality. How to determine and recognize the character of a person?

Being born, a new personality receives a unique character as a gift. Human nature can consist of traits inherited from parents, or it can manifest itself in a completely different, unexpected quality.

Nature not only determines behavioral reactions, it specifically affects the manner of communication, attitude towards others and one's own person, to work. Character traits of a person create a certain worldview in a person.

A person's behavioral responses depend on the nature

These two definitions create confusion, because both of them are involved in the formation of personality and behavioral responses. In fact, the character and temperament are heterogeneous:

1. The character is formed from a list of certain acquired qualities of the personality's mental make-up.
2. Temperament is a biological quality. Psychologists distinguish four types of it: choleric, melancholic, sanguine and phlegmatic.

Having the same temperament, individuals can have absolutely different character. But temperament has an important influence on the development of nature - smoothing or sharpening it. Also, human nature directly affects temperament.

What is character

Psychologists, speaking of character, mean a certain combination of traits of an individual, persistent in their expression. These traits have the maximum impact on the behavioral line of the individual in diverse relationships:

• among people;
• in the work team;
• to one's own personality;
• to the surrounding reality;
• to physical and mental labor.

The word "character" Greek origin, it means "to mint". This definition was introduced into use by the naturalist of Ancient Greece, the philosopher Theophrastus. Such a word really, very accurately defines the nature of the individual.

Theophrastus first coined the term "character"

The character seems to be drawn as a unique drawing, it gives rise to a unique seal that a person wears in a single copy.

Simply put, character is a combination, a combination of stable individual mental characteristics.

How to understand nature

To understand what kind of nature an individual has, you need to analyze all his actions. It is behavioral reactions that determine examples of character and characterize the personality.

But this judgment is often subjective. Far from always a person reacts as intuition tells him. Action is influenced by upbringing. life experience, the customs of the environment where the person lives.

But you can understand what kind of character a person has. Watching and Analyzing for a long time deeds certain personality, it is possible to identify individual, especially stable features. If a person is completely different situations behaves in the same way, showing similar reactions, makes the same decision - this indicates the presence of a certain nature in him.

Knowing which character traits are manifested and dominated by a person, it is possible to predict how she will manifest herself in a given situation.

Character and traits

Trait - main part Personality is a stable quality that determines the interaction of a person and the surrounding reality. This is a defining method of resolving emerging situations, so psychologists consider a trait of nature as a predictable personal behavior.

Variety of characters

A person acquires features of character in the process of everything life span, it is impossible to attribute individual traits of nature to innate and characterological. In order to analyze and assess the personality, the psychologist not only determines the totality of individual characteristics, but also highlights their distinctive features.

It is the traits of character that are defined as leading in the study and compilation psychological characteristics personality.

But, defining, evaluating a person, studying the traits of behavior in socially, the psychologist also uses knowledge of the content orientation of nature. It is defined in:

• strength-weakness;
• latitude-narrowness;
• static-dynamic;
• integrity-contradiction;
• integrity-fragmentation.

Such nuances constitute a general, complete description of a particular person.

List of personality traits

Human nature is the most complex cumulative combination of peculiar features, which is formed in unique system. This order includes the most striking, stable personal qualities, which are revealed in the gradations of human-society relationships:

Relationship system	Inherent traits of an individual
	Plus	Minus
To self	fastidiousness	Condescension
	Self-criticism	Narcissism
	Meekness	Boastfulness
	Altruism	Egocentrism
To the people around	Sociability	Closure
	Complacency	Callousness
	Sincerity	deceitfulness
	Justice	Injustice
	Commonwealth	Individualism
	sensitivity	Callousness
	Courtesy	shamelessness
To work	organization	Laxity
	obligatory	stupidity
	diligence	slovenliness
	Enterprise	inertia
	industriousness	laziness
to items	frugality	Waste
	thoroughness	Negligence
	Neatness	Negligence

In addition to character traits included by psychologists in the gradation of relationships (a separate category), manifestations of nature in the moral, temperamental, cognitive and sthenic spheres were identified:

• moral: humanity, rigidity, sincerity, good nature, patriotism, impartiality, responsiveness;
• temperamental: gambling, sensuality, romance, liveliness, receptivity; passion, frivolity;
• intellectual (cognitive): analyticity, flexibility, inquisitiveness, resourcefulness, efficiency, criticality, thoughtfulness;
• sthenic (volitional): categoricalness, perseverance, obstinacy, stubbornness, purposefulness, timidity, courage, independence.

Many leading psychologists are inclined to believe that some personality traits should be divided into two categories:

1. Productive (motivational). Such traits push a person to commit certain acts and actions. This is the goal-feature.
2. Instrumental. Giving personality during any activity individuality and way (manners) of action. These are traits.

Gradation of character traits according to Allport

Allport's theory

Famous American psychologist Gordon Allport, gradation expert and designer personality traits individual, personality traits divided into three classes:

Dominant. Such features most clearly reveal the behavioral form: actions, activities of a certain person. These include: kindness, selfishness, greed, secrecy, gentleness, modesty, greed.

Ordinary. They are equally manifested in all the numerous spheres of human life. These are: humanity, honesty, generosity, arrogance, altruism, egocentrism, cordiality, openness.

Secondary. These nuances do not have a particular effect on behavioral responses. These are not dominant behaviors. These include musicality, poetry, diligence, diligence.

A strong relationship is formed between the traits of nature existing in a person. This regularity forms the final character of the individual.

But any existing structure has its own hierarchy. The warehouse of man was no exception. This nuance is traced in Allport's proposed gradation structure, where minor features can be suppressed by dominant ones. But in order to predict the act of a person, it is necessary to focus on the totality of the features of nature..

What is typicality and individuality

In the manifestation of the nature of each personality, it always reflects the individual and typical. This harmonious union personal qualities, after all, the typical serves as the basis for identifying the individual.

What is a typical character. When a person has a certain set of traits that are the same (common) for a particular group of people, such a warehouse is called typical. Like a mirror, it reflects the accepted and habitual conditions for the existence of a particular group.

Also typical features depend on the warehouse (certain type of nature). They are the condition for the appearance behavioral type character, in the category of which a person is “recorded”.

Having understood exactly what features are inherent in a given personality, a person can make an average (typical) psychological portrait and assign a certain type of temperament. For example:

positive	negative
Choleric
Activity	Incontinence
Energy	irascibility
Sociability	Aggressiveness
Determination	Irritability
Initiative	Rudeness in communication
Impulsiveness	Behavior instability
Phlegmatic person
persistence	Low activity
performance	slowness
calmness	immobility
Consistency	uncommunicative
Reliability	Individualism
good faith	laziness
sanguine
Sociability	Rejection of monotony
Activity	Superficiality
benevolence	Lack of persistence
adaptability	bad perseverance
Cheerfulness	Frivolity
Courage	Recklessness in actions
Resourcefulness	Inability to focus
Melancholic
Sensitivity	Closure
Impressionability	Low activity
diligence	uncommunicative
Restraint	Vulnerability
cordiality	Shyness
Accuracy	Poor performance

Such typical character traits, corresponding to a certain temperament, are observed in each (to one degree or another) representative of the group.

individual manifestation. Relationships between individuals are always evaluation characteristic, they manifest themselves in a rich variety of behavioral responses. On manifestation individual traits an individual is greatly influenced by emerging circumstances, a formed worldview and a certain environment.

This feature is reflected in the brightness of various typical features of the individual. They are not the same in intensity and develop in each individual individually.

Some typical features are so powerfully manifested in a person that they become not just individual, but unique.

In this case, typicality develops, by definition, into individuality. This classification of personality helps to identify negative characteristics an individual that prevent them from expressing themselves and achieving a certain position in society.

Working on oneself, analyzing and correcting shortcomings in own character, each person creates the life to which he aspires.

Let's talk about the part of speech that makes the language richer and more expressive. She is responsible for our emotions, characterizing the subject and expressing attitude towards it. But we will only be interested in adjectives that characterize a person in English (adjective). Often in the course of a conversation or in a letter it is required to describe someone. What epithets to use?

A bit of theory

Language learners should know: this part of speech in English does not change either by numbers or by gender and cases. Moreover, the same word can be used simultaneously as an adjective, as a noun, and as a verb (for example, love is love, love, beloved). The translation will depend solely on the place in the sentence where it is located. Let's give examples of how English adjectives that characterize a person are put.

Before a noun:

• clever boy - a smart young man.

After verbs expressing perception (smell - "smell", look - "seem", etc.):

• She seemed worried an hour ago. She seemed upset an hour ago.

Following the verb to be:

• I "m beautiful. - I'm beautiful.

Adjectives are subject to a single change - they have degrees of comparison:

• poor (poor) - poore (poorer) - poorest (poorest).

English adjectives that characterize a person's appearance

The description of someone begins with appearance. Everyone has a general impression of a person. What epithets will help convey it?

Any person has signs that we pay attention to in the first place: hair, eyes, height, age, face, gait. Let's describe them with epithets:

1. Hair (hair) - bald (bald); long (long); short (short); shoulder-length (medium length); straight (straight lines); wavy (wavy); curly (curly); dark (dark); fair (light); brown (brown); blonde (blond); red (redheads).
2. Eyes (eyes) - big (large); blue (blue); brown (brown); brilliant (shiny); expressive (expressive); full (bloodshot); glassy (glass); gray (gray); green (green); slanted (slanted); sightless (blind); small (small); wild (crazy).
3. Growth (height) - short (small); average (average); tall (high); gigantic (giant).
4. Age (age) - middle (mature); old (elderly); young (young).
5. Face (face) - round (round); square (square); oval (oval); angular (angular); long (extended); freckled (freckled); ruddy (ruddy); salallow (earthy); wrinkled (wrinkled).
6. Gait (gait) - brisk (peppy); steady (confident); heavy (heavy); light (light); shuffling (shuffling).

Description of the emotional state

Very often in a conversation you need to describe your emotions and experiences. Consider the necessary adjectives that characterize a person. The list in English will look like this:

Please note that in English language there are many synonyms, but not all of them can be used equally in relation to a man and in relation to a woman. Thus, the adjective beautiful is used only in relation to a woman or a child and is not used to address a man.

Some epithets have multiple meanings. For example, we used blue in the meaning of "blue", and the same word is translated as "dull".

Continuing the description, consider adjectives in English that characterize a person's character.

personality traits

Several thousand words and expressions make it possible to characterize a person's personality, revealing his worldview, values ​​and behavior. We offer only the main ones that help to evaluate the individual both positively and with negative side. This minimum will allow you to successfully master colloquial speech, because it covers the most commonly used epithets.

So we offer the most common adjectives characterizing a person in English:

We have reviewed general characteristics personalities, collecting the rest of the epithets into separate thematic groups.

Mental capacity

We will divide these adjectives that characterize a person in English into two groups:

1. Qualities that express a high level of ability to learn, think and create.
2. Personality features that characterize the lack of intelligence.

The first group includes the following adjectives:

• able (talented);
• bright (intelligent);
• clever (smart);
• witty (witty);
• wise (wise);
• intelligent (knowing);
• well-read (well-read);
• gifted (gifted);
• genius (genius);
• understanding (understanding);
• quick witted (resourceful);
• educated (educated);
• imaginative (possessing imagination).

We list the adjectives belonging to the second group:

• slow-minded (slow-witted);
• ordinary (ordinary);
• dim-witted (not far off)
• forgetful (forgetful);
• uneducated (uneducated)
• small-minded (limited);
• foolish (stupid);
• blunt (dumb);
• dull (dull);
• stupid (ignorant);
• illiterate (illiterate);
• unreasonable (unreasonable).

It should be noted that all adjectives are divided into three types. The first includes simple ones, the second - derivatives formed with the help of a suffix or prefix. One of them is -un, which leads to the negation of the described quality:

• educated - uneducated.

The third type is compound adjectives containing two or more words:

• dim-witted, small-minded, slow-minded.

Volitional qualities

These are personality traits that characterize the volitional sphere and allow a person to cope with difficulties and obstacles on life path. These include qualities that help to carry out a volitional act: organization, discipline, purposefulness, determination, etc.

We offer adjectives that characterize a person in English with translation. They can be similarly divided into two groups:

Business and communication skills

What is a person like in professional community and with other people? We offer adjectives that characterize a person in English:

1. Business qualities- hard-working (hard-working); lazy (lazy); accomplished (qualified); concentrated (concentrated); unskilled (unskilled); distracted (distracted); sloppy (sloppy); committed (required).
2. Communicative features - sociable (sociable), aloof (alienated); communicable (communicative); withdrawn (closed); fair (fair); frank (sincere); unfair (unfair); hypocritical (hypocritical); merciful (compassionate); merciless (ruthless); sympathetic (full of sympathy); eliable (reliable); indifferent (indifferent); untrusting (unreliable); awesome (respectful); severe (severe); gentle (soft); harsh (rough); humane (humane); strict (strict); exacting (demanding); undemanding (undemanding); polite (polite); tactful (tactful); impolite (impolite); tactless (tactless); selfless (disinterested); considerate (attentive); scornful (contemptuous).

We looked at adjectives that allow you to describe yourself, as well as other people in English. It is permissible to use several epithets in one sentence. It might look like this:

• I "m beautiful tall girl with long hair. - I'm beautiful, a tall girl with long hair.

Nothing characterizes a person better than an adjective served under an unusual sauce of other bright adjectives and decorated with a bright ribbon.

When meeting a person, the first thing we can describe is his appearance. Do not limit yourself to the standard set of words, as there is a lot of vocabulary that will help you in this difficult task. So, you can tell a girl that she is beautiful with the help of words beautiful, pretty, cute(cute, lovely) stunning(stunning). Men are less fortunate. For them, there is only one word that characterizes male beauty - handsome.

Speaking of human growth, it is worth remembering three words - tall(high), short(short), of medium height(medium height). If you want to say about age, use young(young), old(elderly), middle-aged(middle-aged).

If you want to talk more about hair, you should remember the following words: long (hair)- long hair
short (hair)- short hair
shoulder length- shoulder length
curly- curly
wavy- wavy
bald- bald

If your friend has special facial features, pay attention to the vocabulary below:

almond-shaped eyes- almond shaped eyes
snub-nosed- a person with a snub nose
turned-up nose- snub nose
freckled– freckled

So, we figured out the appearance. You can go directly to the character of a person. And then prepare memory cards, start your brain on full power, stock up on a pen and paper, or just try to remember everything necessary words. It is not surprising that we can say good or bad things about a person, because sometimes we have to describe people that we don’t like at all.

Aggressive- aggressive
Angry (vicious)- evil, vicious
Arrogant- arrogant or one who turns up his nose all the time
Boastful- boastful
Faint-hearted- cowardly
Dishonest- dishonest
Flabby, weak-willed- weak character
Fussy- nervous, fussy. Here we can add nervous
Excitable, high strung- easily excitable
Hypocritical- hypocritical
Impatient- impatient
Indecisive- indecisive
Mercenary- selfish
Narrow-minded– thinking in one direction (limited)
Rebellious- rebellious, rebellious
Rude- rude
secretive- secretive
self-assured- presumptuous
self-centered- egocentric
Self-confident- self-confident
self-conscious- shy, shy
selfish- selfish
Taciturn, silent- silent
unscrupulous- unscrupulous
Unpredictable- unpredictable
Vain- conceited, narcissistic
Violent- quick-tempered

I am sure that these adjectives are quite enough to fully describe your boss in a dream in case you do not like him. Well, if your leader is an angel in the flesh, write down and memorize the next batch of words. Let's start.

affectation- loving
Ambitious– ambitious
Competent- knowledgeable, qualified
Considerate- sensitive, attentive to others
Courageous- courageous, fearless
Dedicated- dedicated, convinced
easygoing- good-natured, easy-going
Experienced– experienced
fair minded- impartial, fair
Frank- outspoken
generic- noble, kind
hard working- hardworking
imaginative- creative, imaginative
Lively- lively, energetic
Outgoing, sociable– sociable
Remarkable- excellent, outstanding
Sensible, well-balanced- sensible
Tender- affectionate
Thoughtful- caring, considerate
tolerant- tolerant
trustworthy- reliable

Now you know that adjectives in English that characterize a person can be a real weapon in your hands. When expressing your own point of view, be sure to argue your opinion in order to avoid any other subtext.