Distinctive features . Zabaykalsky Krai- the youngest region of Russia. It was created in 2007 by combining the Chita region and Aginsky Buryat autonomous region. At the same time, this is one of the most problematic regions of the Russian Federation. Here high level unemployment, the highest crime, relatively low wages.
To some extent, these shortcomings are compensated by the nature of the Trans-Baikal Territory and its wealth - forests, waters, minerals. In the Trans-Baikal Territory there is the largest copper deposit in the country - Udokanskoye, as well as the largest uranium deposit in Krasnokamensk. In addition to copper and uranium, there is large deposits silver, gold, molybdenum, tin, tantalum, complex ores. Also in the Trans-Baikal Territory there are rich forest reserves, black earth soils, huge unused reserves of hydro resources. Nevertheless, the Trans-Baikal Territory is a very poor region, where the industry is already breathing its last.
Krasnokamensk. Photo by nikolay-zhukov2012 (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/nikolay-zhukov2012/)
The development of the territories of the Trans-Baikal Territory by Russian pioneers began in mid-seventeenth century. Ostrog appeared here, and after a while - mines. But since there was no one to work in the mines, these lands became a place of exile and hard labor. After December uprising In 1825, many Decembrists were exiled exactly here, to Nerchinsk. Perhaps it is to the Decembrists that the Trans-Baikal Territory owes its development.
Monument to the Decembrists in Chita. Photo by mr.Vlad (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/vladport/)
Geographic location. Zabaykalsky Krai is located in the south Eastern Siberia and, as its name implies, behind Lake Baikal. The neighbors of the region are: the Republic of Buryatia - in the west, the Republic of Yakutia and Irkutsk region- in the north, in the east - the Amur region. Along the southern borders of the Trans-Baikal Territory passes state border with China and Mongolia. The Trans-Baikal Territory is part of the Siberian Federal District.
The Trans-Baikal Territory is different mountainous terrain. There are many ridges and depressions here. Most high points are at a level of about 3 km above sea level. There is also a unique place here - Mount Pallas, the watershed point of the basins of the three great rivers of Eurasia - the Yenisei, Lena and Amur.
Population. As of the beginning of 2013, 1,090,419 people live in the Trans-Baikal Territory. Two thirds of them live in cities. Northern regions the edges are the least populated.
What can be noted positive in demographic statistics Trans-Baikal Territory is the excess of births over deaths (+3.1 people per 1000 inhabitants). However, the population of the region is declining every year. People are fleeing from here, fleeing from devastation and lack of prospects.
According to the ethnic composition, the region is dominated by Russian population(90%). In second place are the Buryats (6%). Tungus-Evenks also live here from the indigenous population, but there are very few of them.
Crime. The Trans-Baikal Territory is the most criminal region in Russia (first place in the ranking of regions in terms of the number of crimes committed). Thus, in the first half of 2011, the crime rate in the Trans-Baikal Territory amounted to 14.67 crimes per 1,000 inhabitants. The reasons are obvious - unemployment, drunkenness, lack of prospects.
In addition, the most important transport routes, whose infrastructure is of interest to mafia structures. The mining of gold and silver in the region also stimulates the growth of crime. Theft flourishes here - state and private property, including by top officials.
Unemployment rate in the Trans-Baikal Territory is also one of the highest in Russia - 10.59% (74th place). Indeed, there is very little work here. There is practically no industry, many enterprises are closed. Only mining and agriculture are developed. Medium wage in the Trans-Baikal Territory, only 24,119 rubles, which is not so much compared to other regions of Siberia and Far East. However, there are many industries where the average monthly income exceeds 30 thousand rubles. These are mining (both fuel and others), transport, financial activities, Scientific research and some others.
Real estate value. In the Trans-Baikal Territory, prices for one-room apartments start at 1.5 million rubles, and "kopeck pieces" are offered from 2 million rubles. and higher. In general, real estate is not very expensive, but given the low incomes of the population and other economic problems, from local residents not everyone can afford this.
Climate Trans-Baikal Territory - sharply continental. Geographic features The region also affects its climate. Distance from sea coast leading to a lack of rainfall. On the other hand, this leads to a large number sundial per year - 2797 (more than in Sochi). The coldest month is January with an average temperature of -19°C. It is quite cold here in summer. The average temperature in July is +13°C. The average annual rainfall is 450 mm. At the same time, in the south they fall less, in the north - more.
Cities of the Trans-Baikal Territory
Uranium quarry in Krasnokamensk. Photo by Leonid Kazarin (http://svatoff.livejournal.com/)
greyhound(30308 people) - This city was founded in 1899 in the center of an agricultural region. 24 km from it is the unique Borzinsky salt Lake, where long time there was a salt mine. Also not far from Borzi is the Daursky Reserve, which is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. The city's economy is based on Food Industry, plus nearby is the Kharanor open-pit mine, where brown coal is being mined.
Aginskoe- village, former center Aginsk-Buryat Autonomous Okrug. Founded by Buryat settlers in 1811. Today it is the center of Buryat culture. It has its own datsan (monastery), St. Nicholas Christian church, and many monuments. The economy is based on agriculture, mainly cattle breeding. In the early 1990s, a serious economic downturn began. It was possible to stop it by developing processing industries and mining in the region.
Nerchinsk - old City, founded by the Cossacks of Beketov, like Chita, in 1653. It was here that the Decembrists were exiled. The economy of Nerchinsk has long been associated with the development of mines. Now the importance of this city has declined markedly. Only the monument to the Decembrists and Butin's palace remind of the former greatness.
Chita region. I. Aginsky Buryat Autonomous Okrug. Reserves are designated by numbers: 1. Daursky 2. Sokhondinsky Abbreviations: N. - Novokruchininsky P. - Pervomaisky Chita region, located in Transbaikalia. Included in East ... ... Dictionary "Geography of Russia"
CHITA REGION, subject Russian Federation; located in Transbaikalia. Part of East Siberian economic region. As part of the Chita region. Subject of the Russian Federation Aginsky Buryat Autonomous Okrug. Pl. 431.5 thousand km2. Population 1276.8 thousand people ... ... Russian history
In Russian federation. As part of the Chita region. Aginsky Buryatsky a. about. 431.5 thousand km². The population is 1376 thousand people (1993), urban 65%. 10 cities, 41 urban-type settlements (1993). Chita Center. Located in Transbaikalia. Medium… … Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
As part of the RSFSR. Formed on September 26, 1937. Located in Transbaikalia. The area is 431.5 thousand km2. Population 1227 thousand people. (as of January 1, 1977). Includes Aginsky Buryat Autonomous Okrug. Divided into 30 districts, has 10 cities and 42 ... ...
In Vost. Siberian Economics. area, includes Aginsky Buryat Aut. district. Pl. 431.5 thousand km², adm. center - Chita; formed in 1937. Relief preim. mountain. They rise to the north, cf. high-altitude ridges Kodar (up to 3072 m) and Kalarsky, in the rest of the territory ... Geographic Encyclopedia
In the Russian Federation, it was formed on September 26, 1937. As part of the Chita region, the Aginsky Buryat Autonomous Okrug is a constituent entity of the Russian Federation. 431.5 thousand km2. The population is 1276.8 thousand people (1998), urban 62.8%. 10 cities, 45 urban-type settlements. ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary
TSN 23-331-2002: Energy efficiency of residential and public buildings. Norms for energy consumption and thermal protection. Chita region- Terminology TSN 23 331 2002: Energy efficiency of residential and public buildings. Norms for energy consumption and thermal protection. Chita region: 1.5 Degree day Dd °C day Definitions of the term from various documents: Degree day 1.6… … Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation
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Politics Portal:Politics Russia This article is part of a series: Politics and Government of Russia Political system Russian Constitution Amendments Russian President Dmitry Medvedev Presidential Administration ... Wikipedia
Region (from Old Slavic possessed - possession), locality, land, region; part of any territory (country, state, mainland, land mass, etc.) allocated during zoning according to a certain essential feature (natural conditions,… … Big soviet encyclopedia
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Last Chairman of the Regional Duma
Chita region- a former subject of the Russian Federation (before the formation of the Trans-Baikal Territory in 2008), which was part of the Siberian Federal District. administrative center area was the city of Chita.
Hydrography
Population
The population of the region is 1119 thousand people. (). Population density - 2.6 people / km² (), specific gravity urban population - 63.6% ().
According to the 2002 All-Russian Population Census, National composition The area's population was as follows:
| People | Number in 2002, thousand () |
|---|---|
| Russians | 89,8 % |
| Buryats | 6,1 % |
| Ukrainians | 1 % |
| Tatars | 0,7 % |
| Armenians | 0,31 % |
| Chuvash | 0,11 % |
Administrative division
Settlements
According to the 2002 census, there were 10 cities, 44 urban-type settlements and 752 rural settlements in the Chita region. The table below shows the largest settlements in the region, including all cities (highlighted in bold).
| Settlements with more than 5,000 inhabitants as of January 1, 2007 |
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Merger with Aginsky Buryat Autonomous Okrug
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An excerpt characterizing the Chita region
His daughter, Princess Helene, lightly holding the folds of her dress, went between the chairs, and a smile shone even brighter on her face. beautiful face. Pierre looked with almost frightened, enthusiastic eyes at this beauty when she passed him.“Very good,” said Prince Andrei.
“Very,” said Pierre.
Passing by, Prince Vasily grabbed Pierre by the hand and turned to Anna Pavlovna.
“Educate me this bear,” he said. - Here he lives with me for a month, and for the first time I see him in the light. Nothing is needed young man as a society of smart women.
Anna Pavlovna smiled and promised to take care of Pierre, who, she knew, was a paternal relative of Prince Vasily. The elderly lady, who had previously been sitting with ma tante, hastily got up and overtook Prince Vasily in the hall. All the old pretense of interest was gone from her face. Her kind, weepy face expressed only anxiety and fear.
- What will you tell me, prince, about my Boris? she said, catching up with him in the front. (She pronounced the name Boris with a special emphasis on o). – I cannot stay longer in Petersburg. Tell me, what news can I bring to my poor boy?
Despite the fact that Prince Vasily listened reluctantly and almost impolitely to the elderly lady and even showed impatience, she smiled affectionately and touchingly at him and, so that he would not leave, took his hand.
“That you should say a word to the sovereign, and he will be directly transferred to the guards,” she asked.
“Believe me that I will do everything I can, princess,” answered Prince Vasily, “but it’s hard for me to ask the sovereign; I would advise you to turn to Rumyantsev, through Prince Golitsyn: that would be smarter.
The elderly lady bore the name of Princess Drubetskaya, one of the best families in Russia, but she was poor, long gone from the world and lost her former connections. She has come now to secure a position in the guards for her only son. Only then, in order to see Prince Vasily, did she name herself and come to Anna Pavlovna's for the evening, only then did she listen to the history of the viscount. She was frightened by the words of Prince Vasily; sometime Beautiful face she was exasperated, but it lasted only a minute. She smiled again and gripped Prince Vasili more firmly by the arm.
“Listen, prince,” she said, “I never asked you, I will never ask, I never reminded you of my father’s friendship for you. But now, I conjure you by God, do this for my son, and I will consider you a benefactor,” she added hastily. - No, you are not angry, but you promise me. I asked Golitsyn, he refused. Soyez le bon enfant que vous avez ete, [Be a good fellow, as you were,] she said, trying to smile, while there were tears in her eyes.
“Daddy, we’ll be late,” she said, turning her beautiful head on ancient shoulders, Princess Helene, waiting at the door.
But influence in the world is a capital that must be protected so that it does not disappear. Prince Vasily knew this, and once he realized that if he began to ask for everyone who asks him, then soon he would not be able to ask for himself, he rarely used his influence. In the case of Princess Drubetskaya, however, after her new call, he felt something like a reproach of conscience. She reminded him of the truth: he owed his first steps in the service to her father. In addition, he saw from her methods that she was one of those women, especially mothers, who, once taking something into their heads, will not lag behind until they fulfill their desires, otherwise they are ready for daily, every minute pestering and even on the stage. This last consideration shook him.
“Chere Anna Mikhailovna,” he said with his usual familiarity and boredom in his voice, “it is almost impossible for me to do what you want; but in order to prove to you how much I love you and honor the memory of your late father, I will do the impossible: your son will be transferred to the guards, here is my hand to you. Are you satisfied?
- My dear, you are a benefactor! I did not expect anything else from you; I knew how kind you are.
He wanted to leave.
- Wait, two words. Une fois passe aux gardes ... [Once he goes to the guards ...] - She hesitated: - You are good with Mikhail Ilarionovich Kutuzov, recommend Boris to him as adjutant. Then I would be calm, and then I would...
Prince Vasily smiled.
- I don't promise that. You do not know how Kutuzov has been besieged since he was appointed commander in chief. He himself told me that all the Moscow ladies conspired to give him all their children as adjutants.
“No, promise me, I won’t let you in, dear, my benefactor…
- Dad! - the beauty repeated again in the same tone, - we will be late.
- Well, au revoir, [goodbye,] goodbye. See?
- So tomorrow you will report to the sovereign?
- Certainly, but I do not promise Kutuzov.
- No, promise, promise, Basile, [Vasily,] - Anna Mikhailovna said after him, with a smile of a young coquette, which once must have been characteristic of her, but now did not go so well to her emaciated face.
She apparently forgot her years and used, out of habit, all the old women's means. But as soon as he left, her face again assumed the same cold, feigned expression that had been on it before. She returned to the circle, in which the viscount continued to talk, and again pretended to be listening, waiting for the time to leave, since her business was done.
“But how do you find all this latest comedy du sacre de Milan?” [Milanese anointing?] – said Anna Pavlovna. Et la nouvelle comedie des peuples de Genes et de Lucques, qui viennent presenter leurs voeux a M. Buonaparte assis sur un trone, et exaucant les voeux des nations! Adorable! Non, mais c "est a en devenir folle! On dirait, que le monde entier a perdu la tete. [And here is a new comedy: the peoples of Genoa and Lucca express their desires to Mr. Bonaparte. And Mr. Bonaparte sits on the throne and fulfills the wishes of the peoples. 0! It's amazing! No, it's crazy. You'll think the whole world has lost its head.]
Prince Andrei grinned, looking directly into the face of Anna Pavlovna.
- “Dieu me la donne, gare a qui la touche,” he said (the words of Bonaparte, spoken at the laying of the crown). - On dit qu "il a ete tres beau en prononcant ces paroles, [God gave me the crown. Trouble for the one who touches it. - They say he was very good pronouncing these words,] - he added and repeated these words again in Italian: "Dio mi la dona, guai a chi la tocca".
- J "espere enfin," continued Anna Pavlovna, "que ca a ete la goutte d" eau qui fera deborder le verre. Les souverains ne peuvent plus supporter cet homme, qui menace tout. [I hope that it was finally the drop that would overflow the glass. Sovereigns can no longer tolerate this man who threatens everything.]
– Les souverains? Je ne parle pas de la Russie,” said the viscount politely and hopelessly: “Les souverains, madame!” Qu "ont ils fait pour Louis XVII, pour la reine, pour madame Elisabeth? Rien," he continued animatedly. - Et croyez moi, ils subissent la punition pour leur trahison de la cause des Bourbons. Les souverains? Ils envoient des ambassadeurs complimenter l "usurpateur. [Sovereigns! I'm not talking about Russia. Sovereigns! But what did they do for Louis XVII, for the Queen, for Elisabeth? Nothing. And believe me, they are punished for their betrayal of the Bourbon cause. Sovereigns! They send envoys to greet the stealer of the throne.]
And he, with a contemptuous sigh, changed his position again. Prince Hippolyte, who had been looking at the viscount through a lorgnette for a long time, suddenly, at these words, turned his whole body to the little princess and, asking her for a needle, began to show her, drawing with a needle on the table, the coat of arms of Condé. He explained this coat of arms to her with such a significant air, as if the princess asked him about it.
- Baton de gueules, engrele de gueules d "azur - maison Conde, [A phrase that cannot be translated literally, as it consists of conditional heraldic terms that are not quite accurately used. The general meaning is this: The coat of arms of Conde represents a shield with red and blue narrow jagged stripes ,] he said.
The princess, smiling, listened.
“If Bonaparte remains on the throne of France for another year,” the viscount continued the conversation that had begun, with the air of a man who does not listen to others, but in a matter that he knows best of all, following only the course of his thoughts, “then things will go too far. Intrigue, violence, expulsions, executions society, I mean good society, French, will be destroyed forever, and then ...
He shrugged and spread his arms. Pierre wanted to say something: the conversation interested him, but Anna Pavlovna, who was guarding him, interrupted him.
“Emperor Alexander,” she said with sadness, which always accompanied her speeches about imperial family, - announced that he would leave the French themselves to choose the form of government. And I think there is no doubt that the whole nation, freed from the usurper, will throw itself into the hands of the rightful king, ”said Anna Pavlovna, trying to be kind to the emigrant and royalist.
“That is doubtful,” said Prince Andrei. - Monsieur le vicomte [Mr. Viscount] quite rightly believes that things have already gone too far. I think it will be difficult to go back to the old one.
“As far as I have heard,” Pierre, blushing, again intervened in the conversation, “almost all the nobility has already gone over to the side of Bonaparte.
“That’s what the Bonapartists say,” said the viscount, without looking at Pierre. - It's hard to know now. public opinion France.
- Bonaparte l "a dit, [Bonaparte said this,] - said Prince Andrei with a grin.
(It was obvious that he did not like the viscount, and that, although he did not look at him, he turned his speeches against him.)
What federal district does Chita belong to?
Chita is included in federal district: Siberian.The Federal District is an enlarged territory, consisting of several subjects of the Russian Federation.
What region is Chita in?
The city of Chita is part of the Zabaykalsky Krai region.A characteristic of a region or a subject of a country is the possession of the integrity and interconnection of its constituent elements, including cities and other settlements included in the region.
The Zabaikalsky Krai region is administrative unit states of Russia.
