August 2017 is rich in astronomical events: this month there will be a change in the movement of Mercury and Saturn, as well as the most bright events- partial lunar eclipse and total solar eclipse.
ASTRONOMIC FACTS:
A lunar eclipse is an astronomical event in which the Moon enters a cone of shadow cast by the Earth. A partial lunar eclipse took place on the Leo-Aquarius axis on August 7th.
A solar eclipse is an astronomical event in which the Moon outshines the Sun. A total solar eclipse will take place in Leo on August 21 at 18:30 GMT.
ON THE IMPACT OF ECLIPSES
Despite the fact that every year there are from 2 to 7 eclipses, interest in this astronomical phenomenon remains consistently high. Since ancient times, people have been afraid of eclipses, as they were harbingers of disasters. Nowadays, it is statistically proven that the months in which eclipses occur account for a huge part of natural disasters, accidents and others emergencies associated with the death of a large number of people. Among such events occurred near the dates of the eclipses the crash of the Titanic, the earthquake in Haiti in 2010, the accident on Chernobyl nuclear power plant, DC-8 plane crash in Jeddah and many others.
In addition to catastrophes, the impact of eclipses is associated with the destruction of the old way: they set new move developments, bring fundamental changes in politics, economy and society. Fundamental changes and difficult events are especially worth waiting for in regions where eclipses can be observed.
Today's line of sight lunar eclipse very extensive - all continents except North and South America. However, there are a number of countries that will be affected by the eclipse to a greater extent: Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, India, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Yemen, Australia, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Madagascar, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Swaziland, South Africa, Lesotho, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh , Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines.
The lunar eclipse will be available for observation almost throughout Russia, important events especially likely in the Krasnoyarsk, Altai and Trans-Baikal Territories, Irkutsk, Tomsk, Chita, Omsk, Kemerovo, Tyumen, Sverdlovsk regions, Republics of Buryatia and Tyva.
The solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 will not be significant for Russia, its partial phases can only be observed on the Chukotka Peninsula (large settlements fall into the eclipse band - Anadyr, Beringovsky, Provideniya). But the total phase of the solar eclipse can be observed only in the United States, so most likely, the main events in the near future will unfold here. Among the states that also fall within the zone of visibility and influence of a total solar eclipse are Ecuador, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Suriname, Brazil, Guinea, Mexico, Portugal, Iceland, Greenland, Ireland, Great Britain, Canada.
ON THE PERSONAL INFLUENCE OF ECLIPSES
As a rule, people are interested in eclipses in connection with mass events, but eclipses also have negative impact on the life of each individual.
First, on eclipse days it rises emotional background, and the days of lunar eclipses are marked by greater conflict than the days of solar eclipses. Very often, these astronomical phenomena lead to tension in personal relationships, quarrels and painful breaks.
A lunar eclipse always occurs on a full moon when the sun and moon are in opposition to each other. On such days, the mind is in conflict with emotions, and the feminine and masculine are opposed to each other. That is why at this time sensitivity increases, it becomes very difficult to agree with a loved one.
Secondly, the eclipse affects some people personally, that is, it interacts in a certain way with the individual horoscopes of these people. Starting from August and for several months, everyone who was born on February 3-5 and 16-18, May 5-7 and 18-20, August 7-9 and 20-22, August 7-9 and 20-22 should be especially careful. November of any year.
1. Postpone the start of important matters, do not plan a wedding, operation, opening a business and other important events for August. Firstly, because from the point of view of astrology, the time to start any business is very important, and the days of eclipses and periods of several weeks before and after each eclipse are extremely unfavorable. Secondly, very often eclipses make their own adjustments, and events do not develop at all as you planned.
2. Avoid Risky Activities: Visits mass events, practicing traumatic sports, flying on airplanes. Postpone travel to earthquake-prone areas. In summer, many people want to relax in Japan, Indonesia and other exotic countries. But astrologers and scientists from the USA and Japan have long proven the connection between the solar-lunar cycle and earthquakes, do not neglect this information, plan your vacation with the least risks.
3. Eclipses always affect emotional condition people, call nervous tension and bursts negative emotions increase aggressiveness. Therefore, the main recommendation is to remain calm, control emotions and not participate in conflict situations. This will allow you to reduce risks in relationships with other people.
The apogee of the meteor shower in 2017 falls on August 12-13, but the inhabitants of the Earth have a chance to make a wish almost until the end of the month.
Where, when and how
The Perseids are a meteor shower passing very close to the Earth, leaving behind a very beautiful "star trail", which surpasses many other stars in brightness.
Residents of the entire Northern Hemisphere of the Earth, including Russia, will be able to observe this romantic phenomenon and admire the most popular and brightest "star shower" of the year. Shooting stars are best seen after midnight and before sunrise.
The maximum intensity of the stream will fall on August 13 - according to the forecasts of the International Meteor Organization, up to 100-150 meteors per hour are expected, that is, more than two meteors per minute.
The claimed figure refers to observations in the whole sky, away from the city with a clear horizon, the senior noted. Researcher State Astronomical Institute(GAISH) Moscow State University Vladimir Surdin RIA Novosti.
"Astronomers calculate a little differently. In the whole sky, if conditions were the same as at the zenith, in general, the most ideal conditions. This is not to be expected for an observer in the city. It is necessary to reduce the amount by 5-6 times so that a person really feels what he expects to see," the expert explained.
At the same time, Surdin noted that if you stand with your head up for five minutes, you will certainly see it, since the stream is active, and about 2-3 minutes the meteor will "stripe" across the sky.
For an observer in middle lane At midnight in Russia, the constellation Perseus is located in the northeastern part of the sky. In the evening, it starts its journey from the eastern horizon, rises very high by morning (almost to the zenith), so that "shooting stars" become visible throughout the sky.
© photo: Sputnik / Vladimir Astapkovich
In order not to miss the stream, you need, first of all, to find the constellation Perseus and concentrate on observation. And in order to fully enjoy the gift of the Universe, it is necessary to choose places on a hill, not fenced with trees and high-rise structures.
Most good review will be far from the cities with their blinding light. For those who will not have the opportunity to get far from home, you can follow the starfall through live broadcasts.
To observe a meteor shower, no astronomical instruments are needed - you can enjoy the night starry spectacle of summer with the naked eye.
During the starfall, you can not only enjoy the beauty, but also use the opportunity to tell fortunes for the future. You will be able to mentally ask questions and receive positive or negative answers to them. A long trail after the fall of a star will be positive, a rapid extinction will be negative.
Perseids
The Perseid meteor shower is one of the oldest meteor showers. The first mention of them is contained in the ancient Chinese chronicles dating back to 36 AD. It is also one of the big three largest meteor showers.
AT medieval Europe The Perseids were also well known - around the eighth century, this meteor shower was called the "tears of the immaculate Lawrence." This is due to the fact that in Italy it is at the very active period this meteor shower the festival of the Immaculate Lawrence falls.
The Perseids are formed as the Earth passes through a plume of dust particles released by Comet Swift-Tuttle. smallest particles, the size of a grain of sand, burn in earth's atmosphere, forming a star shower. Comet Swift-Tuttle has an orbital period of about 133 years and is currently moving towards the outer limits. solar system.
First, it "spills" with the greatest force, then gradually weakens. The Perseids are white meteors that sharply trace the sky. The glow of some especially bright meteors lasts up to several seconds.
Last time Comet Swift-Tuttle passed by the Sun in December 1992, and will return to it again only in July 2126. Therefore, for several years, close to 1992, the Perseids were very active. For example, in August 1993 observers central Europe recorded from 200 to 500 meteors per hour.
Starfall originates from the constellation Perseus, hence its name.
The Perseid meteor shower is one of the most popular and bright celestial phenomena, valued by both simple observers and professional astronomers.
The activity of the Perseids varies from year to year. The theory predicts that burst activity should decrease as the distance between the comet and Earth increases.
AT regular years the meteor shower is relatively far from the Earth's orbit and is located outside it. The periodic approach of comet trails to the Earth is accompanied by an increase in the activity of the Perseids. The last time this happened was in 2004, 2009 and 2016. The next burst of flow activity should take place in 2028.
We wish you clear sky and do not forget to make a wish, because it is during this period that everything that you think comes true!
Material prepared on the basis of open sources
Among the many bright astronomical events of 2017, a total solar eclipse in August can be distinguished. In addition, observers will have access to such phenomena as the flyby of an icy comet in February, the bright Geminids in December, as well as the appearance of especially large and bright Mercury and Jupiter in the sky at the beginning of the year.
Astro Star | Shutterstock
In the first half of February, the sky will be illuminated by the passage of a comet. After it circled the Sun in December 2016, comet 45P/HondaMrkosPaidusakova begins its return to the outer solar system. Her appearance in the sky can be observed at dawn, she will fly through the constellations Eagle and Hercules. On February 11, the comet will be as close as possible to the Earth at a distance of about 12.4 million km. Scientists expect that its brightness will reach a level at which it can be observed with the naked eye.
Happy onlookers caught in the shadow's path southern hemisphere, will be able to see an annular solar eclipse, or, as it is also called, a “ring of fire”. It occurs when the Moon's disk is too small to cover the Sun, resulting in the dark lunar silhouette around sunlight. The path of the shadow will pass through the southern part of the water area Pacific Ocean, will cross South America and end in Africa. To the north and south of it, a partial solar eclipse will be visible in many regions.
After sunset, observers should look to the western sky, where the thin crescent of the moon forms an impressive celestial triangle with Mercury below and to her right, as well as Mars, who will crown the couple. The uniqueness of the event lies in the fact that Mercury will be in its own high point and will also be very bright. This planet closest to the Sun is difficult to observe, as it is usually lost in the brilliance of the star. But at the end of March, Mercury will reach its farthest point from the star for an earthly observer.
Jupiter will pair with Spike, the brightest star in the constellation Virgo, throughout the year. But in April, the largest planet in the solar system will meet the moon. On this night, two celestial bodies will rise together in the east just after sunset in the west. At this time, Jupiter will look especially bright, because just 3 weeks before that, the opposition of Jupiter and the Sun will take place when the planet will be on the continuation of the Sun-Earth line.
This year, residents of the United States will be able to observe the total phase of the eclipse, private phases residents North America, Western Europe and South America. The eclipse will be visible across the US from coast to coast. the way will pass from Oregon to South Carolina. The full phase will be able to be observed in many cities, and most of the population of the country will be a maximum of 1 day's journey from places where this phenomenon can be seen. Partial Eclipse will be available on larger area throughout the continent.
The two brightest celestial bodies in our firmament will converge at dawn on November 13th. The conjunction can be seen in the lower part of the sky in the east, the two planets will be separated by only 18 arc minutes. Since this event will occur low to the horizon, the planets will not be as easy to see due to the light of the morning twilight, so binoculars will make viewing more enjoyable.
The Geminid meteor shower will peak tonight. Typically, this meteor shower sees 60-120 meteors per hour, but this year it will be special, as the light of the waning moon will only interfere with the observation until midnight. As soon as the moon goes below the horizon, best time for observing meteors the predawn hours of December 14, when the shower will just reach its peak.
Which should happen in 2017. It contains data on the Sun, Moon, major planets, comets and asteroids available for observation by amateur means. In addition, descriptions of solar and lunar eclipses are given, information is given on the occultations of stars and planets by the Moon, meteor showers, etc...
Web version of the illustrated astronomical calendar for a month on the website Meteoweb
Astronomical calendar for a month on the website "Sky over Bratsk"
Additional information - in the topic Astronomical calendar at the Astroforum http://www.astronomy.ru/forum/index.php/topic,19722.1260.html More detailed coverage of nearby phenomena in the Astronomical week at
TABLE - CALENDAR FOR 2017
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Brief overview of the events of 2017.
The main astronomical event of 2017 will be a total solar eclipse full phase which will pass through North America. There will be two solar and two lunar eclipses this year. Two eclipses occur on the February new moon and full moon, and the other two on the August new moon and full moon.
Astronomical calendar recommends!Phases of the Moon in 2017 (Universal Time)
Morning elongations of Mercury in 2017
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Evening elongations of Mercury in 2017
For Venus in 2017, the favorable time for observations will be the whole year (January 12 - evening elongation 47 degrees, and March 25 - inferior conjunction with the Sun). For Mars 2017 is an unfavorable time for observations, because. the apparent diameter of the planet does not exceed 6 arc seconds (conjunction on July 27). Best visibility Jupiter(the constellation Virgo - near Spica) refers to the first half of the year with opposition on April 7 (). Saturn(the constellation of Ophiuchus) is also best seen in the first half of the year with opposition on June 15th. Uranus(constellation Pisces) and Neptune(the constellation of Aquarius) are autumn planets, because. come into opposition with the Sun, respectively, on October 19 and September 5.
From 22 planetary encounters with each other in 2017, the closest (less than 5 arc minutes) will be 3 phenomena (January 1 - Mars and Neptune, April 28 - Mercury and Uranus, September 16 - Mercury and Mars). Less than 1 degree will be the angular distance between: Venus and Neptune on January 12, Mars and Uranus on February 26, Mercury and Mars on June 28, Venus and Mars on October 5, Mercury and Jupiter on October 18 and Venus and Jupiter on November 13. Connections of other planets can be found in the calendar of events AK_2017.
Among 18 occultations by the moon major planets Solar system in 2017: Mercury will be covered 2 times (July 25 and September 19), Venus - 1 time (September 18), Mars - 2 times (January 3, September 18). Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus will spend this year without occultations by the Moon, but Neptune will be covered 13 times (!), With 2 occultations taking place in October. The next series of Jupiter occultations will begin on November 28, 2019, and Saturn on December 9, 2018. The series of Uranus occultations ended in 2015, and now we have to wait until February 7, 2022
From moon occultations of stars Of interest will be the occultations of the star Aldebaran (alpha Taurus), the series of which began on January 29, 2015 and will continue until September 3, 2018. Aldebaran will be covered 14 times in 2017 (twice each in April and December). Another bright star - Regulus (alpha Leo) - will be covered 13 times in the series of coatings that has begun (twice - in May)
Another interesting phenomenon should be mentioned. September 18, 2017 The moon will cover four bright luminaries: Venus, Regulus (alpha Leo), Mars and Mercury. Residents of the European part of Russia in the morning of this day will be able to observe the approach of the Moon, three planets and a star in a sector a little more than a dozen degrees.
From meteor showers the best to watch would be the Lyrids, Orionids, Leonids, and Geminids. General overview of meteor showers on the website of the International Meteor Organization http://www.imo.net
Information on occultation of stars by asteroids in 2017 are available at http://asteroidoccultation.com. The most interesting coverage for Russia will be September 9, 2017. On this day, the star sigma 1 Tauri of the fifth magnitude (near Aldebaran) will be covered by the asteroid (6925) Susumu. The coverage strip will pass through the European part of Russia.
Information on variable stars are on the AAVSO website.
There is nothing left until the new year 2017, which means that everyone who is not indifferent to the starry sky and who is not alien to the thirst for knowledge will be interested in getting acquainted with calendar of astronomical events coming year.
This article will be useful not only to avid astronomy lovers, but also to those who also wish to join the practical observation and study of future cosmic events. Also, 2017 is rich in round dates associated with people and events related to domestic space exploration.
We placed special emphasis on such a phenomenon as full moon. Since ancient times, people have associated various magical rites with the full moon; in many cultures, the full moon (or periods associated with it) were endowed with separate names.
For example, in this article, our readers will be able to find out how the full moons were called in one of the indigenous Indian tribes of North America. This is all the more interesting because this tradition was adopted by some European settlers.
Astronomy enthusiasts eager to watch the brilliance of asteroids plowing through the sky in 2017 space our solar system will not be able to do this naked eye.
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Despite the fact that the brilliance of many objects will reach 9m(particularly asteroids Hebe, Irene, Metis and Eunomia), this insufficient for such an observation.. The so-called visible magnitude(that is, the measure of illumination created celestial body) Ceres, the smallest dwarf planet of our solar system, will be at the end of 2017 the value 7.4m.
The brightness of comets can also be observed using home telescopes. First of all, it's about comets. C/2015 V2 (Johnson), circumsolar non-periodic comet C/2011 L4 (PANSTARRS), small comet Honda-Mrkosa-Paidusakova, a comet with a short period Tuttla-Giacobini-Cresac and comet with the shortest orbital period (3.3 years) 2P/Encke. However, if you are lucky with the weather, the brilliance of Encke's comet can be observed against the background of the February night sky. naked eye.
Of great interest in terms of observation in 2017 is Venus: due to the fact that it will be located much north of our star, the planet can be observed twice: evening and morning.
In 2017 (especially during the first months), observers have a wonderful opportunity to see Jupiter(including some details on the planet itself, especially the dark equatorial bands). The visibility of the giant will decrease October 26, at the time of the conjunction of Jupiter with the Sun, but after only a few days on the morning clear skies the object can be observed again.
Mercury will be well viewed throughout the year, with the exception of the period from February 7 to March 7 when the planet comes into conjunction with the Sun. But Mars for a terrestrial observer, due to the proximity of the planet to the Sun in 2017, will not be the best object to observe. The red planet will come into conjunction with our luminary July 27, 2017.
In the coming 2017 it will be possible to fix 4 eclipses:
- February 11 happen penumbral lunar eclipse, when the Moon passes the so-called penumbra of the Earth (the region in which the Earth cannot completely obscure the Moon from the Sun). It is very difficult to fix this phenomenon from the Earth's surface without appropriate instruments, since human eye can hardly catch a slight darkening of the moon;
- February 26 It will be marked annular solar eclipse when the Moon passing over the disk of our luminary is not able to close it completely due to the fact that for the observer the diameter of the Moon is less than the diameter of the Sun;
- August 7 The moon will be partially in the cone of the shadow region of the Earth, which means that it will be possible to talk about private lunar eclipse. Observers from the Earth will be able to see only that region of the satellite of our planet, which will be at that moment in the penumbra;
- August 21 some settlements in several US states will be lucky enough to watch total solar eclipse. For most of the territory of our country, this eclipse will go unnoticed. However, only residents will be able to record private phases. Chukotka Peninsula and the extreme northeast of the country.
All astronomical events that are presented in this article are recorded according to Moscow time.
Astronomical calendar 2017
JANUARY
4 January - the peak of meteor shower activity quadrantides, whose activity time falls on the period from December 28 to January 12. The number of observed meteors per hour will be 120. The radiant of the star shower is in the constellation Bootes. As for Russia, residents will be able to observe this stellar stream Far East and eastern regions our country.
January 10 - The Moon is at perigee: at 09:01 it will be at its closest distance from the Earth in January 2017 - 363242.3 km.
January 12 – 110 years since the birth of the founder of the national practical astronautics Sergei Pavlovich Korolev.
January 12 - Full moon (peak - at 14:34). Full Wolf Moon - the hungry howl of numerous wolf packs, darting around American Indian villages, gave its name to the January full moon.
January 18 - noticeably add to the brightness of one of the most large asteroids in the main asteroid belt our solar system asteroid Vesta. The apparent stellar magnitude will be 6.2m. However, this will not be enough to observe the object with the naked eye.
January 22 - Moon at its apogee: at 03:12 the Moon will be at the farthest point from the Earth for January 2017 - 404911.4 km.
FEBRUARY
February 11 - Full moon (peak - at 03:33). On this day, at 03:43 Moscow time, there will be penumbral lunar eclipse. With appropriate weather, it will be possible to record it from almost the entire territory of our country, except for the Russian Far East. Heavy snowfall during this period caused the American Indians to call the February full moon the Full Snow Moon. By the way, if snowfalls pass us during this period, then the eclipse can be observed with the naked eye.
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February 26 - New Moon (peak - at 17:59). An annular solar eclipse, which will occur on this day at 17:58 Moscow time, will be able to observe South Americans and residents of the territories of the South and West Africa. Also, this eclipse will be able to fix a few scientists and researchers who carry out their difficult mission in Antarctica. In Russia, observers will not be able to fix this phenomenon.
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The last start is scheduled for the end of February Soviet carrier Soyuz-U(for start cargo ship "Progress MS-05"). In the future, Roscosmos will refuse to use these launch vehicles in favor of more modern ones, which are distinguished by a greater carrying capacity.
MARCH
March, 6 – Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova, the world's first female cosmonaut, is 80 years old.
March 12 - Full Moon (peak - at 17:53). Full Worm Moon (according to some Native American tribes). It is during this period that the surface of the earth appears in in large numbers earthworms, which is caused by the release of snow from the earth as a result of warming.
Astronomical Observations 2017
APRIL
April 11 - Full moon (peak - at 09:08). Full Pink Moon - this is what the American Indians called the April full moon. The reason for this was the flowers called Phlox (from the Greek - "flame"), which bloom in the April period in North America.
April 16-25 – star Rain Lyrids. The meteor shower peaks on April 22. Most clearly, this starfall phenomenon in the constellation Lyra will be viewed from that part of our planet that is located north of the equator. The expected activity of the Lyrid star stream in 2017 is no more than 16 meteors per hour. Interestingly, in 1982, the zenith hourly number, which characterizes the number of Lyrid meteors observed by the naked eye, reached 90.
MAY
May 11 - Full moon (peak - at 00:43). Full Flower Moon - An intense spring bloom period may well be the reason the American Indians named the May full moon that way.
JUNE
the 9th of June - Full moon (peak - at 16:10). Full Strawberry Moon - apparently, during this period, the tribes of the American Indians picked strawberries (however, given the fact that ordinary garden strawberries were first bred in Europe to mid-eighteenth century, we are talking, most likely, about some kind of strawberry - perhaps about virgin strawberries).
21st of June – Summer Solstice for the inhabitants of the northern hemisphere of the planet - the longest day of the year. Time - 07:24.
JULY
July 9 - Full moon (peak - at 07:07). The Full Thunder Moon is a period of intense thunderstorms, which gave American Indians the reason to call the July full moon that way. Another popular name is due to the fact that this period is related to the intensive ossification of the antlers of North American deer (non-ossified bone tissue of future horns) and, accordingly, to the maturation of males. The Indians used to say Full moon Males.
Astronomical objects 2017
AUGUST
August 7 - Full moon (peak - at 21:11). American Indians during this period enjoyed a rich fishing associated with the exodus of sturgeons from the Great Lakes. Hence the name of the August full moon - the Full Sturgeon Moon. On this day, almost all residents of Russia, except for the Far East region, Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia will be able to observe partial lunar eclipse.
August 21 - New Moon (peak - at 21:30). The day on which there will be a total solar eclipse. Private phases this phenomenon on the territory of Russia it will be possible to record only from some territories of Chukotka and Kamchatka. Notably, residents of the small town of Carbondale, Illinois will have a unique chance to watch the event twice within a short period of time. total eclipse – August 21, 2017 and April 8, 2024. The longest duration of the total phase of the eclipse in the coming year will be 2 minutes 40 seconds for an earthly observer.
SEPTEMBER
6 September - Full moon (peak - at 10:04). Full Corn Moon - Harvest Period American Indians not only the corn crop, but also many other crops. Therefore, the September full moon was also often called the Full Harvest Moon.
September 17 – 160th anniversary of the birth of the founder of Russian theoretical cosmonautics, Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky.
September 22nd - The day of the autumn equinox, when the same length of day and night in a given period marks the onset of autumn in the Northern Hemisphere of the planet and the end of winter in the Southern. Time - 21:02.
