One of the quietest and least crowded regions of the USA is the state of South Dakota
(South Dakota) got its name in honor of the Lakota Indian tribes
and Dakota (Sioux).

South Dakota is a place for those who want to spend their holidays among
natural beauties and away from the noise of megacities. On the one hand, the state is surrounded
Rocky Mountains, and on the other - the High Plains.

The state is known for its many attractions.Yearly
in South Dakota there are hundreds of thousands of tourists from all over the world who want to see
with your own eyes places that are often found in popular films.

Mount Rushmore is considered to be the state's most famous landmark.
(Mount Rushmore), which is carved with images of the four presidents of the "fathers
America" ​​- George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt
and Abraham Lincoln.

The work on the project was entrusted to the sculptor Gutzon Borglum, but the idea
about the erection of a memorial in the rock came to mind John Robinson, President
historical society state of South Dakota. The creation of the memorial took about
15 years, and its opening was timed to coincide with the 150th anniversary of US history.

The entrance to the foot of the mountain is laid through the Alley of Flags of all 50 states.
Walking down the alley, you get to observation deck from where it opens
view of the monument 18 meters high.

17 miles from Mount Rushmore there is a less well-known, due to its
incompleteness, but no less popular in terms of attendance,
memorial Indian chief named Crazy Horse
Memorial). Crazy Horse was an outstanding Indian - a brave warrior
and a brilliant military strategist. The authors of the memorial in the rock, work on
which continues at the present time, we decided to make a monument
Crazy Horse is the largest in the world.

At the foot of the mountain with the sculpture of the Crazy Horse there is a building
Training Center and Museum of North American Indians.

The Museum houses a rich collection of Indian relics and artifacts,
telling about the life of the Indian tribes of North America.

Here you can see the products made by the Indians - national clothes,
jewelry, ceramics.

The second most visited in South Dakota is national park badlands
(Badlands National Park), which means bad lands.

The road winds between gray, yellow and crimson hills with almost completely
missing vegetation.

These ridges and canyons were formed about five thousand years ago, when
water penetrated through layers of rock. Many paleontological
finds have been made in these places.

Thanks to unusual color combinations and picturesque forms, Bad
lands with their Martian landscapes are one of the most popular
tourist routes.

Tourists are also attracted here by wild animals: bison, antelopes and meadow
dogs that live in the National Park.

Animals are not at all afraid of cars and often go out on the road,
to the delight of photographers.

On the prairies, which make up a large part of the National Park,
rodents of the squirrel family live: "prairie dog" - prairie dogs. This
the nickname was given to them in the old days by Canadian fur miners, because
the voices of the animals are like barking.

And a few hours away from national park Badlands, located
the legendary city of gold diggers Deadwood (Deadwood city).

Its population is only 1000 people. Victorian roots of architecture
of this city are considered unique. Deadwood became the first small community in the United States,
who tried to openly introduce gambling into life. This type of entertainment
was legalized in 1989 and the result was obvious: for extremely
a short time the infrastructure of the city improved, it was time for its prosperity.

In the evening all active life rages on the main street of Deadwood.
atmosphere of adrenaline, fun and excitement.

In addition to all the entertainment, there are many interesting places in Deadwood, which for a long time
will be remembered by travelers.Here you can get acquainted with the history of life
and the death of the famous gangster Wild Bill, who found his last
shelter in the cemetery of Mount Moriah.

You can book a tour of the gold mines of Deadwood, travel around
this beautiful city in a green sightseeing trolley bus (which we did)
and immerse yourself in the atmosphere of the Wild West.

Mitchell is a city and county seat of Davison County in South Dakota with a population of
15,000 people. Mitchell has a unique Corn Palace, built
in 1892 as a showroom for the fertility of the state's lands. At first it was
just a wooden building, however, after the attraction began to use
popular with tourists, it was decided to add a "zest" to the building - and decorate
its walls are frescoed and tapestries made from corn cobs.

The interior and facade of the Mitchell Palace are certainly impressive. The wall paintings of the palace
are updated every year, which is understandable, because corn is short-lived
material.Thousands of ripe corn cobs are dyed in various colors:
from bright yellow to gray. Grown specifically for decorating the walls of the Palace,
corn cobs are attached to huge rolls of roofing paper with pre-
drawn pattern.

In addition to corn, to create their unusual drawings, artists use
ears of wheat and other cereals. Annually the Corn Palace is visited by about
500 thousand tourists.

City 1880 - another one tourist place must visit in
South Dakota.

In 1969, one Richard Hallinger bought a 94-acre plot of land to
build a gas station. While the station was being built, he had an idea
use the area for an amusement park in the style of the old time and he
bought another 80 acres of land. At this time, in a small town that was
in the neighborhood, a film company arrived to shoot a film, the plot of which
unfolded in the 1880s.

The filmmakers built the scenery of the main street with old buildings,
corresponding to the spirit of that time, and for the interior they borrowed
antique furniture and Indian utensils from father Richard, a lover of antique
relics. At the end of filming, the film company left, in gratitude,
all decorations to the Hallinger family. This was the beginning of the birth of the City in 1880.

Directly from the entrance, visitors enter the main street of the city, which rests
to the church of St. Stephen, built in 1915. She was transported here from the city
Dixon, preserving the stained-glass windows and bells from damage, which can still be
bring into action.

"Wall Drag" is just a godsend for those who want to leave a lot of money here.

In 1931, from Nebraska to Wall, then still a very small town with a population of
a little over 200 people, a young pharmacist, Tedd Huster, arrived. He decided
to do business and was looking for just such a small, cozy town in which
a Catholic church. Thus, a pharmacy called "Wall Drag" appeared in Wall.

The business was very slow until his wife Dorothy suggested
write an announcement and put a sign on the road for travelers,
that they always have a free glass of water at the Wall Drag Pharmacy
with ice. And enough travelers began to appear in these places.
They traveled here from all over the country to recently open Monument 4th
presidents on Mount Rochemore and a glass of water on a hot day was just
very handy.

Soon, posters and signs were hung along the route, which offered
free ice water.

At present, the provincial pharmacy of Tedd Hasted has become a major trading
and entertainment complex of the former Wild West. Numerous restaurants,
cafes, art and pharmacy museums and even a prayer room for visitors
travelers.

Ice water and now you will be served for free, and they will also offer a cup of coffee
for a nominal fee of 5 cents.

In addition to selling Western and Native American souvenirs, here you can see interactive
exhibitions that are dedicated to cowboys, hunters, farmers and pharmacists.

Numerous trade pavilions with a huge variety of goods for
buyers of all ages are located here under one roof. Each
who came here for the first time certainly strives to take souvenirs with him
with the image of a jackalope and take a picture on it. And see
he can only be in the backyard of "Wall Dredge". More precisely, not himself,
and his sculpture. This is such a cute rabbit with deer antlers.
Hence the name - a combination of the words jackrabbit (in Russian - hare)
and antelope (antelope).

Absolutely incredible, but in the summer "Wall Drag" takes daily up to 20 thousand (!!)
visitors per day.

These are not all the sights of South Dakota that we visited,
but I'll talk about the rest some other time...

Post written for

Far from the most popular, but no less charming and stunning is the state of South Dakota. It is almost impossible to meet megacities and their skyscrapers here, but you can easily immerse yourself in the comfort of provincial America. Mountains, caves, nature - the three components of recreation in this state, the name of which was given by the Indians of the Dakota tribe, and now in large quantities residing in the region.

There are several in South Dakota major events. For example, in Custer Park every year there is a "buffalo drive" - ​​an event during which everyone who wishes can participate in a collective drive of animals in central part mountain range. The event was devoid of cruelty: if in the era of the Wild West it was allowed to shoot at bison, now it is not, and the event itself becomes only a funny reminder of the old days.

Once every two years, the city of Sturgis hosts a world biker festival, first organized back in the thirties of the last century. For the first time, there were 9 participants at the event - against the current six figures of visitors! The color and atmosphere of a biker party, meetings with rock stars and a visit to the motorcycle museum, also located in Sturgis and telling with its exhibitions about the history of this type of transport - all this is available at the festival. Copyright www.site

Motorcycle show in Sturgis - not only bright festival, but also the opportunity to get acquainted with the latest in the motor industry. It is at this event that many manufacturers show their innovations for the first time. Also, one of the venues is a tournament between customizers who collect bikes in the most outlandish configurations and types. For example, it was here that the chopper was first unveiled - a bike with a long frame and a front fork.

natural relief South Dakota is represented by both mountains and plains, and even the Mississippi basin - which led to the picturesque landscapes of the area. The main natural attraction that definitely deserves your attention is the Black Hills, which have long been considered sacred to all Indians from the Great Plains. The Black Hills are considered a place of power, as if they are charged positive energy capable of healing and endowing a person with superpowers.

Outside the state and even the country, one of the mountains of the Black Hills is known - Rushmore, in which the heads of the founding forefathers of America - George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln and Theodore Roosevelt - are carved - each of which became famous for deeds for the good of the nation. Interesting fact: the head of the peacemaker Roosevelt is located in the mountain a little deeper than the rest of the heroes. The creators did not at all want to belittle the president with such an arrangement, the only thing is that the explosives used during the creation of the masterpiece broke off too large a piece of rock.

States of North Dakota and South Dakota

"Dakota" in the language of the Indians of the Sioux tribe means "friend, ally." North and South Dakota - twin sisters not only with common names, but also with common history. They were separated from the united western Dakota territory and simultaneously became the 39th and 40th states of the United States on November 2, 1889. Both states are predominantly agricultural.

South Dakota borders North Dakota to the north, Minnesota and Iowa to the east, Nebraska to the south, and Wyoming and Montana to the west. North Dakota lies on state border The US is with Canada, Minnesota is to the east and Montana is to the west. The states have almost equal territory: South Dakota has an area of ​​196,723 square kilometers, the area of ​​the North - 183,100 square kilometers. Historically, the development of the Dakota territory began from its southern part.

The administrative center of South Dakota is the town of Pierre, in which only 13 thousand inhabitants live. The population of big city The state of Sioux Falls barely exceeds 100,000 people. Second by size locality, Rapid City, has 55 thousand inhabitants. South Dakota is in 45th place in the United States in terms of population: only about 740 thousand people live on its territory. At the same time, South Dakota is one of the least urbanized states: in it the shares of the rural and urban population are approximately equal. The vast majority of residents are concentrated in the northeastern regions of the state. 92 percent of the population is white, but the number of local Indians (mainly descendants of the Sioux tribe) is relatively large - 7.3 percent.

The main river of both Dakotas is the Missouri. Flowing through South Dakota, it divides it into two parts. To the east of Missouri is the main agricultural region of the state. Reservoirs are built along the river, which not only supply settlements and provide water for irrigating fields, but also allow you to deal with floods in Missouri. West of the Missouri begins the mountain plateau. In the southwestern part of the state, the Black Mountains rise, the slopes of which are covered with forests. There are practically no forests in other parts of the state. The climate of South Dakota is sharply continental, and in the Black Mountains the weather is colder and damper. The state's farmers grow sorghum, corn, sunflowers, oats, and wheat, but mostly raise cattle. The lands of Dakota by nature are intended for grazing animals - once huge herds of bison walked here, after which they migrated in search of prey Indian tribes. Developed agriculture led to the emergence of local food and light industry, mainly flour mills and factories producing dairy and meat products, canned food. At the same time, South Dakota is a leader in the production of computers, medical technology and in gold mining, although its mining operations are small.

AT recent decades tourism and gambling business are intensively developing in the state. The main attraction is the Black Mountains with their picturesque heaps of intricately weathered rocks. In the Black Mountains are the Cave of Jewels, whose walls are lined with sparkling calcareous crystals, and the Cave of the Wind, where wind and water have carved bizarre statues for thousands of years. Carved into the granite rocks of Mount Rushmore are gigantic portraits of four American presidents- George Washington, Thomas Dyasefferson, Abraham Lincoln and Theodore Roosevelt. The author of the project and the leader of the work on Mount Rushmore was the American sculptor Gatzon Borglum, who created this unusual memorial in 1927-1941. After the death of his father, the work was headed by Lincoln Borglum.

North Dakota is also a predominantly agricultural state. In terms of wheat yields, only Texas is ahead of it. The state also grows oats, corn, soybeans, and breeds beef and dairy cattle. The main area of ​​agriculture is the east of the state, lying on Central Plain, At the same time, North Dakota leads in the extraction of coal-lignite, since 1929, the state has been mining natural gas, and in 1951, oil production began, in which the state ranks 9th in the United States. In the southwest of the state, mined in small quantities uranium ore. All major mineral deposits are located in the western, mountainous part of the state.

The population of North Dakota is even smaller than South Dakota: less than 650 thousand people. At the same time, 53 percent of the population lives in countryside. A significant part of the white population are Americans of Russian, German, Scandinavian and Canadian origin. There are very few blacks and Asian Americans: their total strength barely more than 1 percent of the state's population. The capital of North Dakota is the city of Bismarck, whose population, together with suburban area is 86 thousand people. The city is growing rapidly: in the second half of the 20th century, its population doubled. The most densely populated neighborhoods of Fargo, where up to a third of the state's population is concentrated. AT recent times tourism is growing in North Dakota.

For tourists visiting both Dakotas, all that is connected with the life of the Indians and the history of the growth of the United States in the western direction is of constant interest.

The first European to visit North Dakota was probably the French fur trader Pierre la Vérendrye, traces of his late 1730s expedition discovered in 1913. The pioneers of South Dakota were the Spaniards, who appeared on its lands in the 1740s, but the French laid claim to this territory. Only in 1762, France was forced to cede this territory, like all of Louisiana, to Spain. Apparently, the first European permanent resident of the Dakota Territory in the 1780s was the French fur trader Pierre Dorion, who settled here after marrying an Indian Sioux Yaz. Subsequently, the lands of both Dakotas shared the fate of the whole of Louisiana, in 1803 finally being the property of the United States.

The Sioux Indians who dominated the Dakota Territory were friendly to the European settlers in everything related to the fight against other Indian tribes, but they themselves did not want to cede their fiefdoms to the pale-faced. A serious skirmish between the whites and the Indians took place in 1854 - having won, the Americans forced the Indians to sell them their lands (about 4.5 million hectares) and retreat to the reservation, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bwhich was only 174 hectares.

The Indians categorically did not want to let the whites into the western mountainous regions of the state, beyond the Missouri, where the Americans were attracted by the hope of finding gold. Indifferent to the yellow metal, the Indians were afraid that the whites would disturb the herds of bison grazing in these parts. The army of General George Armstrong Custer (1839-1876) was sent to fight the Indians in 1874. It was his people who discovered gold in Dakota. After that, the flow of settlers could not be stopped, although the Indians continued to pose a serious threat to them. In 1876, the Sioux under Chiefs Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse completely defeated Custer's cavalry at the Little Bighorn River. In the battle, all the Americans were killed, including their commander, more than 250 people.

Nevertheless, by the mid-1870s, about 25,000 whites had settled in the Black Mountains. Thanks to the construction railways by 1880 there were already about 82,000 settlers in South Dakota, and by 1890 their number had risen to 348,600. Under pressure from the Americans, Sitting Bull was forced to flee to Canada, but in 1883 he returned to his tribe, who lived on the reservation. Fearing that the old chief would again incite the Sioux to fight the aliens, local authorities ordered the arrest of Sitting Bull, along with his most influential supporters. All of them were killed on December 15, 1890. The shooting of Sitting Bull caused great Indian unrest. However, the army, having a multiple numerical superiority, destroyed about 370 Sioux warriors in the general battle at Wounded Knee, after which the rest were forced to return to the reservation and submit to their fate. Nevertheless, fighting for their rights, the Sioux Indians managed to achieve more than representatives of other Indian tribes.

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South Dakota is made up of three regions: Eastern region, Western region and the Black Hills area.

AT Eastern region endless plains. Occasionally they are replaced by hilly terrain. This part of the state is located in the Minnesota River basin. The James River flows to the west.

The western region is spread over the Great American Plains. Its territory is dotted with deep ravines and low hills.

The Black Hills region is a long range of low mountain ranges. They were formed as a result of limestone deposits.

The Missouri River flows through the state. To the east there are several wonderful lakes.

State history

Several thousand years ago, the first Indian settlements appeared on the territory of the future state. People hunted and fished, and also engaged in gathering.

Early 14th century local population subjected to brutal extermination. In just a few years, almost all Indian tribes were destroyed.

In the 18th century, the first Europeans appeared on the lands of South Dakota. These were the French. As a result, the lands of the state became the possessions of French Louisiana.

Only at the beginning of the 19th century, the United States bought the lands of the future state. During this period, its territory was subjected to a thorough study.

In the middle of the 19th century, on the territory of modern Dakota, the first gold deposit. Gold miners from all over the United States flocked here in search of their share of the treasure. Many hunted by looting and theft. Since the American government was inactive, the Sioux Indian tribes decided to stop this outrage on their own. As a result of military clashes, the Indians were defeated and were forced to leave their lands. Despite everything, the Sioux continued to rebel.

In 1930, the territory of South Dakota was subjected to the strongest dust storm. As a result, a huge part of the fertile land was covered with sand. The agriculture of the region was severely undermined. The state's economy also began to decline.

The state's economy stabilized only during World War II. During this period, the agricultural industry of the state experienced an extraordinary flourishing.

State Attractions

The symbol of the state is the picturesque Mount Rushmore. It is a real work of art, made by the great American sculptor Hudson Borglum. At the very top of Rushmore, he carved granite sculptures of the most famous US presidents: Roosevelt, Lincoln, Washington and Jefferson.

Great attention of tourists is attracted by the beautiful natural Park"Badlands". The territory of the park is dotted with numerous ravines. The clay banks of the River White in the sun become bright red. And underground caves delight with multi-colored stalactites.

In the west of South Dakota lies the magnificent Wind Natural Park. It is a long chain of caves. One of the most famous is Jewel Cave. Its walls are decorated with various figures, consisting of stalactites and stalagmites.

Those wishing to enjoy solitude with nature awaits Custer State Park. It strikes with the diversity of the animal world. Bison, bison, horses and other no less interesting animals have found their refuge here. Granite mountain ranges, deep blue lakes and proud impenetrable forests delight with their beauty and magnificence. Tourists arrange campsites in the park. Here you can go hiking or cycling.

Lovers of history and music are given the opportunity to visit the Museum of Music, as well as visit the Historical Center musical instruments. Within its walls are thousands of different instruments belonging to different nations peace.

Sioux Falls is home to the original "Old Court" building. Today within its walls lies historical Museum. The walls of the museum are decorated with numerous frescoes and unique paintings. Here you can learn a lot of interesting things about the history of the city.

Fans of motorcycle rallies will have an unforgettable experience in the small town of Strujis. Hundreds of bikers from all over the USA flock here twice a year. A museum dedicated to motorcycles and bikers was erected in the city.

An incredible spectacle opens up before visitors to the Jewel Cave. It consists of several hundred small and large halls. Its shape is more like a huge labyrinth. The walls of the cave are covered with an amazing color mineral - calcite. Depending on the intensity of lighting, they are able to change color, which causes indescribable delight among tourists.

Recreation and tourism

splendid ski resort South Dakota is Terry Peak. lovers extreme sports opportunity to ride on skiing, and notorious daredevils to ride snowboards.

The resort is located great amount cafes, shops and hotels.

After the foundation of the park on Mount Rushmore, the Indians decided to erect a monument to their national hero. So a memorial dedicated to the "furious" horse appeared nearby. The monument was carved right on top of Rushmore.

There is a place in South Dakota that locals used to be called "failed". Several million years ago, dinosaurs inhabited the lands of this paleontological reserve. Some visitors are fascinated by this place, while others are even frightened.

South Dakota (amer. South Dakota)- a state located in the Midwest of America, the population of which is about 850 thousand people. South Dakota borders with states such as, and.

South Dakota nicknamed"Mount Rushmore State" known for that it depicts sculptural portraits of 4 presidents of the United States of America: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt and Abraham Lincoln. South Dakota is considered one of the most economically weak states, the most significant sector of the state's economy is still Agriculture despite industrialization. In addition, medicine, trade and finance are developed.

Sioux Falls

Sioux Falls (amer. Sioux Falls)- the largest city in terms of population in the state of South Dakota (about 155 thousand people). There are very beautiful natural waterfalls in the city, which is why it is called so. Sioux Falls is located next to the Big Sioux River, which flows through the entire city. The city has a very well developed area of ​​education, medicine and finance.

Rapid City

Rapid City (amer. Rapid City)- the second most populous city in the state of South Dakota (about 70 thousand people). Rapid City is located on the Rapid Creek, after which it is named. Despite the small population, the city has a regional airport - Rapid City. Among the important economic sectors are trade and industry.

aberdeen

Aberdeen (Amer. Aberdeen)- a city in the state of South Dakota with a population of about 27 thousand people. The James River flows through the city. In the town Special attention given to education and industry. The city can rightly be considered a representative of one-story America.

Pyrrhus

Pierre (amer. Pierre)- the capital of South Dakota, the population of the city is about 14 thousand people and ranks second in the list of state capitals in terms of the smallest number residents. The main employer, as in most state capitals, are state and municipal institutions.