Boris Rudenko.
Modern "earth house" in Wales, which was built by photographer Simon Dale. Photo: www.simondale.net
Neolithic dugout (reconstruction). State of Iowa, USA. Photo: Bill Whittaker.
Such dugouts were built in frontline during the Great Patriotic War (reconstruction). Photo: smolklad.ru.
Dugout XIII-XIV centuries. Drawing, watercolor. Photo: bulgar.info.
A dugout in three rolls (three rows of logs on top) withstood a direct hit by a mortar mine. Photo: sportgen.ru.
Partisan dugouts (reconstruction). Museum of military and partisan glory, Dyatkovo Bryansk region. Photo by Igor Konstantinov (3).
Science and life // Illustrations
Science and life // Illustrations
Modern interpretation of the dugout American Indians. Photo: www.milimet.com/Paul Bardagjy.
Clustered around the lake, nine underground houses are covered with earth insulation material that protects against rain, wind, temperature changes and aging. The houses were designed by the Swiss architect Peter Vets. Photo: www.greenroofs.com.
An underground dwelling that uses all the advantages of a dugout and is not devoid of modern comfort is the creation of Polish architects. Photo: KWK PROMES.
From films and books about very distant ancestors modern man we know that ancient people lived in caves. But no matter how small the human race was in those days, there were hardly enough spacious, comfortable caves that could accommodate a whole tribe. Yes, and they existed only in rocky terrain.
The inhabitants of the plains had to look for and build other shelters. The simplest and most ancient is a hut: it didn’t matter if it saved from the cold and even under strong wind could not resist. There was only one way out - to burrow into the ground.
For many millennia, that Neolithic dugout, if it has changed, is quite insignificant. But it was the first real building in human history, the first man-made permanent home, from which, perhaps, the architectural idea began, which eventually gave rise to palaces, castles and ultra-modern skyscrapers. And now those who have preserved live in dugouts primitive culture tribes in Africa, Asia and South America.
To build a dugout, it is enough to have only two tools - a shovel and an ax. First, a round or rectangular pit is torn off in the ground. right size, which is then covered with thick poles or tree trunks and covered with a dense layer of needles. Sprinkle on top with waterproof clay, then with earth from the same pit and cover with turf for better heat retention. That's the whole structure.
Next are the details. To prevent the earth from crumbling, the walls inside should be lined with boards or at least reinforced with a solid palisade. Between the wall sheathing and the ground, it is also worth pushing dense layer clay that does not let moisture in. It is necessary to arrange ventilation vents in the roof, dig a drainage groove in front of the entrance, form and sheathe steps with wood, lay a stone stove inside with a pipe out. It is possible in advance, even while digging the foundation pit, to outline the contours of future sleeping places - earthen bunks (they also need to be sheathed with boards). Everything! The house is ready for the winter.
If the floor is above ground water, and the walls and ceiling are impervious to moisture, the dwelling remains dry enough in any season and any weather. Therefore, dugouts tried to build on high places, or even completely dig in the slopes of the hills - like a cave. But since there is always moisture in the soil, in order to get rid of dampness, the stove had to be constantly heated, even in summer.
For thousands of years, dugouts served as a home, but they did not disappear even when people learned how to build real houses - wooden and stone. Actually, the first wooden houses were semi-dugouts. For centuries, they seem to have come out of the ground like mushrooms, until they finally established themselves on the surface.
Dugout - soldier's house
“Fire beats in a cramped stove,
Resin on the logs, like a tear.
And the accordion sings to me in the dugout
About your smile and eyes.
The song "Dugout" by composer Konstantin Listov to the words of Alexei Surkov, written in the war, 1942, every front-line soldier knew by heart. Because for a soldier, a dugout long years was the only home.
The military of all the armies of the world made dugouts. Special instructions were written about how to build them. Russian army dugout armies XIX century was designed for approximately a platoon (from 10 to 50 people), and the largest could accommodate up to 200 people. In the 20th century, when hostilities
were no longer on campaigns, but on the fronts, on the line of confrontation, dugouts were dug simultaneously with trenches. Of course, not as big as in the camps of the second line of defense, in order to reduce possible losses in case of bombing or artillery shelling. In the dugouts, the fighters could rest, dry off and warm up.
Here is the story of one of the veterans of the Great Patriotic War about how dugouts were built:
Having taken a new position after the offensive, they immediately began to build dugouts. stood late fall cold rain poured continuously. We were digging a dugout for four with sapper shovels, and although we got wet through, the work warmed us up a bit. Of course, water immediately accumulated in the pit, but it’s not scary, we’ll scoop out the water, the main thing is to build a shelter as soon as possible, hide from rain and cold. They chopped young pines and ate them as thick as a hand, strengthened the walls with them and closed the pit in two layers, threw clay on top and began to trample and knead. At first, water poured into the dugout through the roof in a stream, then less and less, then the flow stopped. Then two of us continued to cover the roof with another layer of tree trunks and spruce branches, and two of us scooped water out of the dugout and trampled down the earthen floor. Done before dark. They piled a mountain of spruce branches on the floor, closed the entrance with a tarpaulin and fell to sleep, hiding themselves in their overcoats, somehow dried over the fires. It didn’t drip from above, the wind didn’t blow, our housing seemed cozy and even warm to us. They completed, equipped the dugout later, almost a week, when time allowed. But by the onset of frost, there was in our dugout a stove-potbelly stove, and walls made of planks, and a wooden door. And the beds were knocked together, and even the window was made from a shell box, tightened on both sides with oiled thick paper, like real, in window binding. It let in a little light, but still not total darkness. By morning, the dugout was getting cold, but it was no longer possible to heat the stove so that the enemy spotters of artillery fire would not spot the smoke. However, by night it was always hot in the dugout ...
In another popular song about the war, "At the Nameless Height" from the movie "Silence" (music by Veniamin Basner, lyrics by Mikhail Matusovsky), an inaccuracy was made. “Our dugout in three rolls, the pine burnt over it ...” - is sung in the song. Three rolls are three rows of logs that rolled crosswise on top of a dug pit to protect against mines and shell fragments. Three rolls withstood a direct hit by a mortar mine. Only it was no longer a dugout, but a dugout or even a bunker (a wooden and earthen defensive point) - a real fortification from which they fired and machine-gun fire, held the advancing enemy, causing him significant damage.
Particularly carefully built partisan dugouts, which actually became long-term bases for the fighters in the rear. Often they were spacious underground houses with living quarters for dozens of fighters, they housed warehouses for storing ammunition and food and hospitals. So that enemy reconnaissance did not discover partisan camps from the air, dugouts were diligently and skillfully camouflaged. Even former partisans, having visited the places of past battles after the end of the war, could not immediately find them.
Peaceful life of a dugout
Great Patriotic War caused our country unprecedented, colossal damage. Returning to the territories liberated from the invaders, people found only ashes in the place of their houses. There were no funds for the construction of new housing, nor building materials and sometimes strength. To survive, they dug dugouts. Many have spent most of their lives in them. Soviet people- Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians. How many were there? Hundreds of thousands or millions? It is difficult to say for sure, but if there were more than 70 thousand villages, villages, towns and towns completely destroyed by the war, then one can imagine how many people were left homeless. Yes, and the military, having arrived at the places of permanent deployment, were often forced to build dugouts on the territory of the parts, in which they lived with their families until the mid-1950s.
But gone hard years post-war reconstruction, and dugouts were gradually forgotten. However, not for long. The architects turned to the experience of building dugouts in other countries in search of optimal housing designs in terms of energy saving. in Austrian and swiss alps, in the French Pyrenees and even in the Australian semi-desert, dwellings were created buried in the body of hills and mountains, or even simply in the ground. Of course, they have little in common with primitive dugouts. Possessing all the attributes of modern comfort, these houses significantly save heat due to the almost constant temperature of the thick layer of earth that surrounds the walls. In such houses it is cool in hot summer without air conditioners, they do not require a large number energy for heating during harsh winters. The main condition for the success of the construction of such a dwelling is low level ground water. In a swampy area, such a house will cost a lot and is unlikely to be able to reliably retain external moisture throughout the long life that a human dwelling is supposed to exist.
Science fiction writers, predicting the future, are divided in their ideas about what kind of dwellings humanity will create in the conditions of the rapidly growing population of the planet. Some argue that in order to preserve environment and territories for cultivating crops, people will rush up, building giant skyscrapers, kilometers high, inhabited by millions of inhabitants. Others suggest that due to the lack energy resources humanity will be forced to move underground, to economical underground cities where to hide from natural disasters, global climate change and even from the fall of cosmic bodies.
In the meantime, both are actually happening. Emerging skyscrapers rob each other of height records. The tallest Burj Khalifa in Dubai to date has risen to 828m (with spire). Buildings over a kilometer high are planned in several countries! At the same time, giant megacities are burrowing deeper and deeper underground. The lines of underground transport highways - the metro - are lengthening, the areas of underground shopping and entertainment centers, parking lots are growing, hotels are appearing under the surface of the earth, and in recent times entire residential areas are being designed. Of course, their future residents are unlikely to feel akin to the inhabitants of dugouts - and this is not necessary, just as it is not necessary to remember that the first tool of labor for man was stone ax. But both the ax and the dugout will remain forever in human history.
In the section on the question Dugout in three rolls. What is it like? given by the author dewy the best answer is Reel - a row of logs covering the dugout. Like a roof. Three rolls - three rows of logs laid perpendicular to each other. To enhance the protective properties, covered with a layer of earth and turf (for masking). In fact, a dugout in three rolls is a poetic license. Blinzhages (headquarters, warehouses, etc.) were usually covered with multi-layered rolls. Soldiers in dugouts made do with simpler shelters.
Answer from sandal[guru]
a dugout is not a dugout, there are no rollovers. Gable roof covered with turf.
Answer from Caucasian[guru]
Three layers of logs.
Answer from Mikhail Kolbyashkin[newbie]
This is not poetic liberty - this is the pain of my people and their ETERNAL GLORY! How many such dugouts were dug during the years of the war and after it, and how many soldiers passed through them. My grandmother, after the liberation of the city of Dubovka, lived with her children for three years, the house was destroyed.
Answer from Yourki - for modernization (of.str.)[guru]
digging a hole .... in the growth of a man ... from above a layer of logs, then earth, then more logs and earth, then more logs, and more earth .... but more ... for insulation, sometimes layers of straw were laid or spruce forests ....
Answer from grace[guru]
the very word dugout, says that the room was in the ground, that is, a hole was dug, and logs were on top of the hole. in three rolls, it means over the logs in three rows.
Answer from Archie Goodwin[guru]
I think three layers of logs in the ceiling...
Answer from Pegaso[guru]
clay. gravel. asphalt. below is a coffin.
Answer from 130POGO[guru]
Three rolls of logs with intermediate layers of earth and any roofing (thatch) to insulate this roof! ! The logs were rolled onto a dug pit - with an obligatory entrance to the north!
Answer from polar bear[guru]
Three rows of logs...
Answer from bayazit[guru]
"Roof" in three rows of logs. One row-roll.
Answer from Vladimir Eleutherius[guru]
logs on the roof in three layers
Answer from Yourovy[guru]
They roll 200 grams three times - and "under each under a bush, both the table and the house are ready for her."
August 5th, 2016
"I often dream about all the guys.
Friends of my war days.
Our dugout in three rolls ... "
A good song, sincere, but the phrase "Our dugout in three rolls" cuts the ear. She can't have three rolls. Firstly, it is physically impossible to do this, and secondly, it is absolutely meaningless, since this structure is in no way intended to shelter soldiers from enemy shells. And that's what the songwriter means. He, like many non-military and near-military people, confuses a dugout with a dugout.
A dugout is a structure completely buried in the ground. It really can have three rolls, i.e. in its ceiling part there are three layers of logs, called knurling (diameter from 5 to 11 cm), or logs of a larger diameter. A dugout is a fortification designed to hide personnel from shells and mortar mines of the enemy. Its secondary function is a place for rest and heating of personnel on the front line or in places where personnel may be exposed to enemy fire.
The dugout is not a fortification and cannot hide from enemy fire! A dugout is a ground-based household structure and is intended for various household and household needs in rear areas. Its main purpose is to perform in the rear areas that do not have ordinary residential and office premises (destroyed, missing or not enough), their role, i.e. rest and accommodation of personnel; placement of various warehouses, workshops, communication points, command posts, various medical and rear units and institutions (baths, laundries, rooms for the wounded, for operating rooms, etc.); accommodation classrooms, cultural and educational institutions (clubs, libraries).
Why is this building called a dugout?
Because the main materials for its construction are soil and round wood.
It should be noted that if the dugout has rather harsh living conditions and is used for recreation of personnel involuntarily, then the dugout, by the standards of military field conditions, creates very comfortable conditions. The dugout per platoon has a capacity of 1/3 of the personnel of the platoon, with extremely limited norms of area and volume per person. The dugout makes it possible to provide personnel with an area and volume almost the same as the conditions of the barracks and accommodates the entire unit in full force.
Dugouts, depending on the specific purpose, can have quite different sizes, but the principle of construction and the materials used are approximately the same in all cases.
Consider a standard dugout with a capacity for a motorized rifle squad.
First, a depression 5.5x3.7 meters in size and 50 cm deep comes off in the ground. Then, along the longitudinal axis, the pit deepens to 1 meter. Its width is also 1 meter. This ditch is displayed 2-2.5 meters outside the pit. This will be the floor of the dugout. At the end, steps are arranged. This will be the entrance to the dugout. The strip on the right, 5.5 meters long and 1.8 meters wide, will be a lounger for 11 people. The narrower lane on the left is 2.5 meters long and 0.9 meters wide. will be a table.
Of course, if you want to place a different number of personnel in the dugout, then the length of the pit should be increased, and if the dugout will be used for other purposes (warehouse, class, workshop, etc.), then you can not make a stove bench, but make it out of the ground , what is needed.
The second stage of work is the installation of support pillars and the laying of rafters, as shown in the figure on the left. The rafters in their lower part can simply break into the ground (as in the figure) or rest on the beds (logs or knurling laid on the ground). Pillars and rafters are made of knurled wood (roundwood with a diameter of 5 to 11 cm). It is not advisable to use thicker logs, because. the volume and labor intensity of work increases, but this does not give any gain. In the figure on the right, the pillars and rafters are conditionally highlighted blue color. This is also a hint that metal pipes, an I-beam, a channel, a corner, reinforced concrete products of the desired profile can be used as pillars and rafters. The main thing is that the strength of the material used is sufficient to withstand what will fit on them.
After that, poles (diameter 3-5 cm) are laid on the rafters, which will make up the ceiling of the dugout. It is not advisable to use a knurler due to a sharply increasing load on the rafters. The poles need to be laid as close as possible to each other. They can be nailed to the rafters or tied with wire. You can first make shields from them, and then lay the shields on the rafters. If there is no timber, then the ceiling part can be made from bundles of rods, bundles of reeds, reeds, inserting one pole into each bundle. It is possible to use boards with a thickness of 5-7 cm.
The end sides are sewn up with poles installed vertically or boards, knurled. A window measuring 45x45 cm is made from one end, with opposite side a doorway is arranged and a door is hung.
From above, the roof is covered with crumpled clay with a layer of at least 15-25 cm. A layer of turf is laid on top of the clay layer. In cold weather, a heating furnace is installed inside the dugout. The dugout is ready.
In the figure, a dugout from the side of the entrance, on the right from the opposite side.
These are priority mandatory works for the construction of a dugout.
Labor costs 100 man hours. Consumption of materials - knurler 12 pcs. 2.5 m long, poles 6 m long - 70 pieces, 5.5 m long. - 120 pieces, 2 m long. 12 pieces, coniferous spruce branches 5 cubic meters, wire 8 kg, roofing iron - 2 sheets, field oven - 1 piece. door - 1, window -1.
A trained motorized rifle squad builds a dugout in 1 (one) day (!!).
However, no one forbids making a larger window and making a second window from the side of the door.
Let's take a look inside the dugout.
Quite comfortable (for field life) conditions. In the dugout, you can walk in full height. On the bed for each fighter 50-60cm. in width and 1.80 m in length. Duffel bags are placed in the headboard.
Of course, comfort can be increased by arranging a floor from boards, laying boards on a bench, sheathing the walls with poles.
In winter, it is advisable to coat the end walls with clay and cover them with sod, arrange a vestibule and hang a second door in the vestibule.
Unlike a tent, which is warm only while the stove is burning, a dugout retains heat in the same way as a regular one. wooden house. In dugouts planned for long-term habitation, the ceiling is usually whitewashed, electricity is provided, clay pavement and drainage ditches are made around the dugout so that surface rainwater does not flow inside. There is no need to talk about the penetration of groundwater into the dugout, which is the scourge of underground fortifications, because. the maximum depth is not more than 1 meter.
The dimensions of dugouts, design features may be different. On the site of Oleg Tulnov there is an image of a dugout from the Manual on Engineering arr. 1931. This is a type of dugout with a capacity for a rifle platoon.
From the author. The cost of an ordinary canvas camp tent is four times higher than a dugout, a modern tent made of synthetic materials is twenty times higher. Well, those that the department of Colonel-General Shoigu (Ministry of Emergency Situations) loves to flaunt so much at all fifty times. The time for erection and the laboriousness of the dugout are small, and it is simply ridiculous to compare the living conditions and comfort of the dugout and the tent.
Why is the dugout forgotten? In the author's opinion, the reason is that with the development of civilization, people become lazier and less adapted to survival in natural conditions. They become unable to create tolerable conditions for life with the help of the simplest means at hand. A tent is a product of civilization and it is a matter of a few minutes to put it up; for the construction of a dugout, diligence and skill are required.
Living in the field (refugees affected by earthquakes, floods, military operations) intelligent modern man perceives as a short, temporary phenomenon and, in his opinion, should only be endured. Put up tents and live. Well, they endure. They last a week, a month, a year. They endure and fall. Two days later pneumonia, bronchitis. In two weeks they are already dirty and untidy, in a month lice appear, dysentery, typhus, scabies. Tuberculosis comes next.
Then they begin to cry out for mercy, show everyone and everything their sores, beg for help from the government (which, by and large, does not care about them), from humanitarian organizations, the UN (which do not care about more). And in propaganda political purposes, making their own gesheft (business) on this, they are transported in miserable, meager amounts of medicines (of which there is absolutely no benefit, because the cause of the disease is not eliminated), blankets that will become damp in a day, again the same tents that will rot in a month or two. And the saviors bubbling with pride, journalists are touched with tears in their eyes, humanists cry from their own humanity. Well, human rights activists have another reason to remind about themselves and kick in the press this or that government they don’t like.
But everything repeats over and over again. In the new tents, everything is also cold and damp (there is no shortage of firewood), they rot in a month.
And all that is needed is one sensible engineering lieutenant, a dozen stupid sapper sergeants (but who know how to build dugouts), a hundred or two shovels and axes, and an echelon of forest. And several thousand refugees (after working for two or three days) can spend the winter in relative comfort and decent conditions. The above dugout has a living area of 20.35 sq. meters, and is being built by a dozen people in one day. Why not family housing?
You can live in a dugout for years. In the summer of 1945, at the end of the Great Patriotic War, the 44th Lisichanskaya Rifle Division, following the echelons to the war with the Japanese, only managed to reach the Urals. The war is over. The division unloaded and settled in the famous Elan camps (this is the Kamyshlov region Sverdlovsk region). . There she lived until her disbandment in the nineties. And from 1945 to 1955, the division lived in dugouts.
In the pre-war Instructions, soldiers were allowed to live in tents only during marches (night halt), and at summer camps, which was perceived as a kind of picnic. However, old soldiers say that in the camps tents were set up more often only for filming, in order to show field life. And so they lived in dugouts, which did not suit filmmakers, who found that the life of dugouts was not much different from life in ordinary barracks.
During the war, neither we nor the Germans had practically any tents. Pre-war tents immediately broke down (rotted, torn), and it was expensive to make new ones, and there was nothing to do, because. cotton, linen were badly needed for uniforms, the manufacture of gunpowder, explosives. They completely managed on the front line with dugouts, and in the near rear with dugouts.
The question arises - why didn’t they resort to dugouts in both Chechen wars, at least in the same camps of Chechen refugees? Does anyone know how to build them? Not true!
The soldiers who served in post-war years and who built more than a dozen dugouts for their service. There are descriptions of dugouts in the latest Manual on Military Engineering for Soviet army ed. 1984. The then president of Ingushetia, R. Aushev, was an officer and knew how to build dugouts (he fought as a major in Afghanistan). But for some reason, he preferred to appeal to the world community for mercy, but not to build dugouts.
We see the same in early XXI century in the Middle East and Africa.
So, someone needs it, so that people suffer in tents! This was beneficial both for Maskhadov, who thus squeezed a tear out of the stupid Western and our human rights activists, and his militants, who, under the tears of their wives and children, squeezed bucks out of fellow believers around the world. Apparently, it was convenient and profitable for R. Aushev as well. This is the same technique used by professional beggars, sitting on the pavement in the cold near Moscow railway stations with filthy, dirty children, only on a larger scale.
This is also beneficial for Russian journalists, who, thanks to the tents, have topics for their writings, which are so well paid in dollars. It was also beneficial to the now deceased Bose SPS (Union of Right Forces) in the State Duma, which, with the help of tents, could shake the presidential power. This is also beneficial for the Zyuganovites, who, with the tears of Chechen children, can illustrate the bestial image of a democratic state. Obviously, this is beneficial for the president as well.
Well, what about women and snotty children getting sick and dying, so don't give a damn. There is no morality in politics, there is only expediency (This is not my thesis, Leninist!). In the struggle for power, any methods are good if they are effective.
So the tent camps, blown by all the winds, flooded with all the rains, grow like mushrooms-toadstools in mud, sewage on the gloomy and unkind Caucasian land.
But even today in distant Belarus, the peasants, leaving for distant mowing, harvesting firewood in the forest, live happily ever after for weeks in dry and warm in winter and cool dugouts in summer, the predecessors of which even in that war rescued the inhabitants of those burned by the Nazis Belarusian villages. And the Polissian peasant will not spend his hard-earned money on imported tents, but will spit on his palm, take a shovel and an axe. You look, in the evening, smoke poured out of the pipe sticking out over the freshly laid turf.
And here is another no less famous dugout:
sources
http://www.saper.etel.ru/fort/zemlanka.html
1. Guide to military fortifications. Military publishing house. Moscow 1962
2. Kalibernov E.S. Officer's Handbook engineering troops. Military publishing house. Moscow 1989
3. Kalibernov E.S., Kornev V.I., Soskov A.A. Combat engineering. Military publishing house. Moscow 1984
4. Textbook. Military engineering training. Moscow. Military publishing house. 1982
5. Manual on ensuring combat operations Ground Forces. Part IV. Engineering support. Military publishing house. Moscow 1985
6. Manual on military engineering for the Soviet Army. Moscow. Military publishing house. 1984
7. Collection of standards for engineering support of combat operations of troops. Military publishing house. Moscow 1970
Add story
1 /
1 /
All memorable places
central Street
Dugout "In three rolls"
Belovskoye - the central estate rural settlement, which includes the villages of Myasoedovo, Sevryukovo and Yastrebovo. It was in these places that the tank wedge of the auxiliary offensive of the Wehrmacht on the southern face of the Kursk salient passed.
Starting from July 5, 1943, there were fierce battles near the village of Krutoy Log, the village of Razumnoye, the farms of Generalovka, Batratskaya Dacha, here the battalions and regiments of the 73rd Stalingrad division fought to the death. More than three months 73rd and 81st Stalingrad divisions took up defensive positions east coast Seversky Donets, the Old Town, Mikhailovsky Highway, at the junction on Kreid and at the front-line villages from Krutoy Log to the village of Myasoedovo. Our frontline forests were pitted with trenches, dugouts and trenches. There are still places on the edge of the Belovsky forest, where Katyushas dug into the ground, tanks, mortars and cannons were hiding.
The chairman of the council of veterans of the village of Belovskoye, Zhukov Pyotr Naumovich, decided to recreate a dugout similar to the one that was the command post of the 209th regiment in those distant years. So, on the occasion of the 65th anniversary of the Victory Day, our attraction appeared not far from the road - the dugout “In three rolls”.
Reel is a row of logs covering a dugout as a roof. Three rolls - three rows of logs laid perpendicular to each other.
Volunteers, schoolchildren, and villagers were involved in the construction of the dugout. Gradually, it was transformed and became the way it is now.
In the dugout on the stands there are portraits of the heroes of the battles and their stories about the fierce battles in these places.
Now our dugout hosts rallies dedicated to anniversaries Great Patriotic War.
The District Council of Veterans decided to hold here annual festival military song.
Volunteers of the MOU "Belovskaya secondary school named after S.M. Ostaschenko"
The volunteer detachment of the school consists of different age groups of students in grades 4, 5,7,8, 11.
Guys help elderly people and veterans, congratulate them on the holidays, maintain the monuments and graves of the villages of Belovskoye and Yastrebovo in proper condition, participate in the campaigns "Green Capital", "Kind Magician", "Scarlet Carnation", Congratulate a Veteran "," I am a citizen of Russia.
Baldina Lyubov Sergeevna
Anastasia Kovalenko, Ludmila Shugaeva, Denis Lazebny, Anastasia Matyushchenko,
Kashchuk Margarita, Sylka Nikita.
More in this area
Add story
How to take part in the project:
- 1 Fill in the information about a memorable place that is close to you or has a special meaning for you.
- 2 How to find the location on the map memorial place? Use the search bar at the very top of the page: type in an approximate address, for example: " Ust-Ilimsk, Karl Marx street”, then select one of the options. For the convenience of searching, you can switch the map type to " satellite imagery and you can always return to normal type cards. Maximize the scale of the map and click on the selected place, a red mark will appear (the mark can be moved), this place will be displayed when you go to your story.
- 3 To check the text, you can use free services: ORFO Online / "Spelling".
- 4 If necessary, make changes using the link that we will send to your e-mail.
- 5 Post a link to the project on social networks.
