"Failures" in the family history. Ann Anselin Schutzenberger ancestral syndrome

Anne Ancelin Schützenberger (French Anne Ancelin Schützenberger, March 29, 1919 - March 23, 2018) - French psychologist, doctor psychological sciences, professor, founder of the International Association of Group Psychotherapy.

French psychologist, Doctor of Psychology, professor emeritus at the University of Nice, where for more than twenty years she directed the laboratory of clinical and social psychology He is the author of more than a dozen books on psychotherapy.

Anne Anselin studied mathematics, philosophy and law at the University of Paris, but due to the outbreak of World War II, she was forced to interrupt her education, which she continued immediately after the end of the war. Participated in the war years in the resistance Nazi occupation, Ann Anselin began to study psychology. In 1948 she married Marcel-Paul Schutzenberger, in 1950 they had a daughter, Elena. In the same year, Ann Anselin received a Fulbright Scholarship and moved to America to study interaction processes and group dynamics with Kurt Lewin. Then she met Jacob Levi Moreno.

Moreno, the founder of sociometry, was so impressed with Ann's personality and work that he called her his adopted daughter, she was close to him until last days his life. Ann Anselin has been actively involved in psychodrama all her life. A student of Jacob Levi Moreno and Françoise Dolto, she worked closely with Gregory Bateson and Carl Rogers. Schutzenberger's contribution to group psychotherapy and psychodrama is recognized worldwide: she was the organizer of the First International Congress of Psychodrama in Paris in 1964, she is co-founder, ex-vice-president and since 2003 honorary archivist of the International Association for Group Psychotherapy.

In 1970, Ann introduced the practice of complementary treatment of cancer patients and work with their families, in 1985 she began working with cancer patients with the last stage of the disease (some of her then patients are still alive).

The work of Ann Anselin Schutzenberger is aimed at studying psychogenealogy, non-verbal communication and family ties. In her research, she develops the genosociogram technique: family tree, which takes into account not only existing family ties, but also the repetition of particulars of personal and social development within the family, including the "transmission" of mental and physical trauma from generation to generation. Her research deepened the awareness of the importance of understanding the life of ancestors, the role of the unconscious and involuntary connection between generations.

In 1998, she published the book "Aie, mes aieux", which went through more than 15 editions in French only. This book has been translated into many languages, it was first published in Russian in 2001 under the title "Ancestral Syndrome" and has since been reprinted twice.

Fate depends on the conscious upbringing of parents and their unconscious program of the kind, "kind karma".

Does the apple fall far from the tree?

The program of fate is a gradually unfolding unconscious plan received with genes from parents and constantly reinforced by information from early childhood, mainly under the influence of the lifestyle of parents. The program of fate is that psychological impulse that with great force pushes a person along the path of leading the same lifestyle as his parents. Just as birds teach chicks to fly, so adults pass on to children the experience of how they treat themselves, people, problems, etc. But sometimes a child receives a program in the form of settings that do not correspond to what he sees in life. For example, a mother teaches her son: “Don't be like your father! Don't drink wine! If you drink, I'll kill you!" The son himself, seeing a drunken father, can give his word not to drink.
There is no doubt that the program of fate is influenced by the beliefs, attitudes, precepts that the child receives from loved ones. Sometimes there are negative attitudes even on a conscious level (see fate "Damned")
There is also an unconscious program, the “kind karma”, about which it is written in the book “Ancestral Syndrome”.
Excerpts from Schutzenberger A.
Ancestral Syndrome: transgenerational ties, family secrets,

and practical use genosociograms,
2001.- 240 p.

“Each of us is a link in the chain of generations, and sometimes, to our own surprise, we have to “pay the debts” of our ancestors. This kind of "invisible devotion to the family" pushes us to unconsciously repeat pleasant situations or sad events. We are less free than we think, but we have the opportunity to win back our freedom and avoid fatal repetitions in our family history by understanding the complex intricacies in our own family. This book went through 14 editions in France. It is the result of twenty years scientific activity and clinical practice of Ann Anselin Schutzenberger. In terms of drama, emotional intensity and mystery, the cases that she cites surpass the wildest fantasies of the authors of Gothic novels. Sometimes they shock, sometimes they pierce with acute pain and always remind us that each of us is part of a common history for all, and even the most distant events are much closer to an individual person than one can imagine. The research and therapeutic aspect of the book presents the substantiation of those phenomena with which the author works with the help of his method - transgenerational psychogenealogical conceptual therapy. One of its main "tools" - genosociograms - allows you to unravel the complex tangle of family histories, identify links between generations and break the chain of unconscious repetitions so that a person can realize his own destiny and use his chance in life.

Ann Anselin Schutzenberger

MY RESEARCH OF GENOSOCIOGRAMS
AND ANNIVERSARY SYNDROME

I began to take an interest in this topic about twelve years ago under the influence of a remark made by my daughter. She said to me: "Mom, you realize that you are the eldest of two children (the second child died), and dad is the eldest of two, the second child died, and I am the eldest of two children, the second child died ... and since then, since Uncle Jean-Paul died, I was somewhat afraid of the death of my brother ... "(And so it happened.)

I was shocked. This is true, and the fact that it was about accidents, about traffic accidents, did not change matters, rather the opposite.

Then I began to sort through all the relatives in my memory and found repeated cases of death: my goddaughter is an "orphan by heredity." Her mother was already an orphan at a young age, and so was her daughter. My beloved grandfather also became an orphan early, being the eldest child in the family.

Then I began to search among my husband's relatives in the Alsatian archives and in the south of France, among my mother-in-law's relatives (she was also the eldest child in the family where the second child died). I enlisted the help of a family study carried out by a "cousin curé" from Marseilles as part of his dissertation, and then an archival search carried out in Provence and Paris by a true genealogist. And all in order to find out the genealogy of grandparents for my grandchildren. What a big surprise it was to discover the roots in Normandy, near the place where the parents of the daughter's husband accidentally bought a house, "having happened to be passing through there." There I found the roots of my mother-in-law's family - the surnames were similar: a hundred years ago, both families had the same surname, right down to the last letter - a coincidence and an accident, of course.

Another reason for this orientation of my research has to do with a letter that I accidentally received, although it was not intended for me. My mother-in-law was writing to her best friend and "by mistake" (according to Freud) put the letter in an envelope with my name and address. Since the letter began with the appeal "My dear", I read it to the end until I realized that it was not addressed to me. My dear mother-in-law wrote that her son's marriage to a "stranger" surprised her and that she felt with me as a "black woman from the plateau", since we are very far from each other in terms of culture and environment. This surprised me, because we are both Parisians, both from families of doctors and teachers of medicine at the university. Then I understood what an "introduced detail" is in a traditional family whose ancestors participated in the Crusades.

The daughter-in-law forever remains "introduced" (alien). This allowed me to look into oral traditions and unwritten family rules. True, in the end I nevertheless became a “son” for my father-in-law (in his family it was accepted that women do not work, but in mine * they work) - I followed in his footsteps, received an “inheritance” from him: I also became engage in psychotherapy and fell in love with him Alsace. But from my mother-in-law from Provence, I "adopted and accepted" only olive oil in a salad, but they never really accepted me. My daughter (although she was born in Paris) studied at the University of Strasbourg, "returning there after a hundred years" 1 .

Discovery of Anniversary Syndrome

Another reason for my recourse in research to the personal and family, to what I kind of accidentally called psychogenealogy 2 and mainly anniversary syndrome 3- this is a case that I stated about fifteen years ago. At that time, I was just beginning to work with people with end-stage cancer using Simonton's method - as I understood it in 1975, until his first book appeared. I was surprised to find the most severe cancer in a happy, blooming newlywed (she did not worry very much severe stress) at the same age (at thirty-five) when her mother died of cancer.

Since then, I have always conducted a systematic search in the history of the family, when dealing with the sick: are there any recurring events or manifestations of "unconscious, hidden loyalty to the family", unconscious identification of myself with a key, important family member ... And I often found such cases - cancer in the same age as the mother, grandfather, maternal aunt, godmother, when they died from this illness or accident.

These very numerous clinical remarks, this intuition, have been confirmed by the statistical studies on the Anniversary Syndrome by Josephine Hilgard. I learned about these studies in 1991-1992.

Josephine Hilgard (physician and psychologist), studying cards of all patients, admitted to one American clinic for several years (1954 - 1957), proved that the sudden onset of psychosis in patients in adulthood could be associated with a repetition in the family of a traumatic event suffered in childhood - the loss of a mother or father due to it ( his) death, placement in a psychiatric clinic or accident. When the context is repeated, when the child grows up and he himself turns the same age as his parent was (when, for example, he got into mental asylum), and his own child turns the same age as he himself was when his mother, for example, died or was admitted to the hospital (double anniversary), - hospitalization in medical institution repeats, and it's "statistically significant".

I used at the same time family tree and sociometric connections and what Moreno allegedly called a genosociogram in an old conversation that I don’t remember well 4 (but a student remembered him Faculty of Medicine who spoke about this in Dakar with my colleague and friend Professor Henri Collomb after returning from America). Some of us returned to this legacy in Nice in 1980, and it can also be traced in part in the work of another of Moreno's students, Nathan Ackerman, who is a family therapist in the United States.

"Children and domestic dogs know everything..."

The fourth reason for my interest is my first very long conversation with Françoise Dolto, when, after finishing my university studies in the United States, I asked her to be present as a supervisor in my first psychodrama group sessions. She asked: "And your grandmother, great-grandmother were liberated women or decent and frigid?" To my protest that I do not know and cannot know, she objected: "In the family, children and dogs always know everything, especially what they do not talk about."

This discourse by Françoise Dolto was my first introduction to the field of the "transgenerational method" and unintentional, unconscious family "transmission".

Exchanges and interaction

Fascinating discussions with Margaret Mead (in 1956) and Gregory Bateson (in 1972) opened my eyes to anthropological approach and method observation of natural behavior, which developed in France in the course of formal and informal meetings on "human ethology" with Hubert Montaner, Jacques Cosnier and, mainly, with Boris Tsirulnik. Frequent lunches (when I made a detour through San Francisco) with Jurgen Ruesch (between 1957 and 1975) opened my eyes to the realm of the "non-verbal," to body language, to interaction, and to how, by observing up close, one can almost guess what people think and feel - in their non-verbal behavior, facial expressions and gestures, kinesthetics, proxemia, harmony and synchrony of movements.

This non-verbal communication work deepened what I had been doing since 1950 in psychodrama with J.L. Moreno and especially with Jim Enneys, observing, imitating and using body language in mirroring, and mainly the method duplication protagonist, his "second self", alter ego. The work continued for ten years by searching and observations, study of video recordings. She became the subject of my doctoral dissertation at the Sorbonne. on non-verbal communication (1975).

My work style

For me, the genosociogram , transgenerational contextual psychogenealogy is a clinical work of observation and synthesis that takes place in close cooperation between the "client" (as Rogers uses the term) and the doctor "psycho" (psychotherapist, psychoanalyst, psychiatrist, etc.). The clinician is expected to be highly respectful of the client's background, have keen "hearing-sight", and be able to simultaneously focus his interest on the client, his story, his speech, and other modes of expression (eg, non-verbal communication). He listens to what the client is saying and observes what the client is “transmitting” through feelings and emotions, and at the same time keeps his thought associations in focus using his countertransference and experience. The doctor must simultaneously focus on the other (the client) and listen to his "personal radar" - think quickly, grasp his own associations on the fly, use knowledge in the field of sociology, economics, history, art, in order to, if necessary, build hypotheses and ask questions and thus "open" and "talk" the client. And all this in order to "grab and pull the red thread", structure, configuration, pattern family life of the client and his personal life in the context and in the language that is characteristic and distinctive for the past of his family and for his myths in this particular family in the broadest sense of the word.

For this I use my clinical practice as a psychoanalyst (classical, in the spirit of Freud), group analyst and psychodrama therapist, my “field” experience as a psychologist-sociologist, clinician and anthropologist who worked on four continents, my habit of listening, observing, my experience in the field of verbal and non-verbal communication - indirect expression of feelings through body language, posture, facial expressions and gestures, micro-squeezing of muscles, rhythm, stopping and resuming breathing, the way to move, sit down and stand up, preferences in color, clothing, jewelry, hairstyle, haircut, jewelry, synchronicity of gestures, opening or closing the body (when the arms are crossed or a briefcase is placed in front of them). And all this in order to somehow reveal what seems to me significant.

And already on the basis of this significant, I try to “talk” the client and encourage him to associate in the process of working with himself and his family members (in a special psychotherapeutic space).

At the first stage, I listen to a client who talks about himself and his family, drawing his family tree with comments on the board (in group work) or on a piece of paper (in individual conversation and anamnesis).

Thus, I use, a technique based on the compilation family tree, filled with important life events: marriage, widowhood, divorce, childbirth, child care, moving, death, separation, separation from one's own (moving, care of a housekeeper / breadwinner / nanny). I have been using the Holmes and Reich Life Events Questionnaire for fifteen years now. During this time, I added to it. With the help of the questionnaire, I establish the "loss of an object of love" and the coincidence of ages and dates, synchrony and diachrony (anniversary or double anniversary syndrome, for example, the age of the mother and the age of the daughter at the time of mourning or breakup), as well as the repetition of this configuration in the next generation or through one generation (work is carried out over three to five generations) to identify a disease or accident, especially during surgery. I use the psychogenealogy or genosociogram method in preparation for surgery or to deal with a serious illness, as well as to prevent or overcome the backlog in school.

To listening I add my interest in history and historical, artistic, socio-economic facts, political, cultural, military, even sporting events that are important for the subject, events that help color context and often give it additional meaning.

I think it's important listen and watch, in the words of Freud, with "floating attention" and to be, as Carl Rogers said, subject-centered so as to enter his personal world and see him, as Moreno said, "with his own eyes", and hear him with the "third ear".

This way you can hear what the client is saying and help him shape it: clarify his goals, life path, his difficulties, identity or rather identification and counter-identification, preferences and rejections, his model of the world.

The client draws it up on a board or on a piece of paper, and we help him, sometimes asking questions at the right time and / or encouraging him to express associations, following the “red thread” of his (our) associations or connections (as we use co-unconscious helper and helper, as well as groups).

The genosociogram is more complex than the genogram. It reveals sociometric connections, context, important events, using, among other things, past experience and the unconscious of the therapist and the client (his dreams, reservations, erroneous actions, free association).

I think integrative way, so I use at the same time several conceptual models.

1. Psychoanalytic concept hidden loyalty to the family Ivan Buzormeni-Nadya. In particular, revealing this loyalty or unconscious identification with a family member, often tragically dead or missing. I also follow his ideas about "debt and merit", about the "book of family accounts" and "fairness - injustice".

This brings me to revealing the hidden malice in clients, resentment related to the fact that one of the family members or neighbors took something from them ... the possible restoration of the lost, especially if we are talking about attempts to regain the status lost by one of the relatives (part of the class neurosis) - a relative, grandfather, great-grandfather. It can be an education, a house, a farm, a factory, and even a return to a particular area, city or village.

This is important, even after years or centuries, like the atonement for the Armenian genocide or the desire of Muslim Arabs to regain a large territory for themselves: after all, after eight centuries, this is still being talked about.

2. Concepts of Abraham and Török related to “ crypt" and " ghost”, which is “embedded” in a descendant due to trauma, often due to unjust events (a relative who died near Verdun in the war of 1914-1918, or died from gases in the trenches, or was left without burial). "Crypt" and "ghost" are often associated with family secrets that are considered shameful (murder, incest, prison, placement in a psychiatric clinic, ruin, illegitimate children, tuberculosis, cancer or AIDS, losing cards, loss of family fortune).

3. Family unions with the exception of some members ( triangulation Murray Bowen).

4. "Substitute children", i.e. children who were conceived to replace a deceased person (usually a child who died in early childhood, but sometimes a close relative). I establish a correspondence and mark connections on the genosociogram by date, as well as by age, I am interested in those births that are associated with mourning (usually for the father or mother of the mother). Sometimes we can talk about "imperfect mourning" (Andre Green gave the example of a "dead mother", that is, a mother who was depressed or mourning at the time of the birth of a child, which means that for him she seemed to be absent, she was like " dead".)

“Substitute children” (imperfect mourning) are different from “ children - restorers”, who are received very well and are given a place of honor in the family.

5. School failures at capable children associated with class neurosis, i.e. fear or ambivalence - to surpass both parents and / or break away from them socially, and then in professionally. These failures are often due to the difficulty children experience in achieving cultural levels that their parents did not reach (for example, not passing the bachelor's degree exam), and the parents' unconscious ambivalence about their social advancement, which is perceived as a "betrayal" of their class or origin environment.

6. I pay special attention anniversary syndrome: Birth, marriage, illness or death may occur during the period (by age and date) of the anniversary of an event important to the family or person - loss due to death, hospitalization or separation of a loved one - a family member or friend, or any other "object love." It can also be the anniversary of a happy event (wedding, birth of children, receiving prizes, awards, a holiday).

I intervene in the process and often take action using four steps:

a) observe, look, listen very carefully; give the floor to a client who builds his family tree, his genosociogram from memory;

b) identify an important sign - verbal or non-verbal, often subliminal;

c) give meaning to this sign, which is considered significant, important (this is work with many and different referents), then ask a series of leading questions to the working subject;

d) establish a dynamic connection between meaning and sign, use this connection to move the subject towards his goals, desires, his model of the world. For this I move from attentive listening to active dialogue, in order to "connect" to what seems to be valid for the subject and his environment, I use various "grids" of interpretation. In other words, we are dealing with integrative psychotherapy and interaction.

Material details of constructing a genosociogram

Required certain time in order to build your genosociogram from memory based on the genealogical tree.

With our way of working, two or three hours per person are given to "disassemble" the situation and present it graphically (with the help of a genosociogram), to find a guiding thread - "Ariadne's thread", which can be pulled.

During the first individual conversation with a person who has a problem to be solved, or with a seriously ill person, I take him in the late morning or late afternoon so that the stipulated time can be exceeded. The doctors who have worked with us expect an hour and a half for the first conversation, for example, with a cancer patient, and the opportunity to take part of the time from their lunch break.

anniversary syndrome

The unconscious has a good memory and we think it loves family ties and marks important events life cycle repeat date or age: this anniversary syndrome.

We have often observed that birth often occurs when, as it were, we need to be reminded of important event in the family, sad or cheerful.

Many children are born as if to celebrate an anniversary(birthday or death) of the mother's mother, as if reminding of the connection of the mother with her own mother (or father), of the same place of birth - as if there was an agreement between the mother's unconscious and the preconscious of her unborn child that these dates birth of steel meaningful.

Thus, it is often possible to decipher the meaning of premature or late birth in relation to an important family member - dead or alive.

Many substitute children are born on the same day on the anniversary of the birth, death or funeral of the previous small child, whose mother did not mourn, did not mourn him. Recall that the psychoanalyst Andre Green found a lot of cases of schizophrenia in substitute children born from a "dead mother", i.e. sad, depressed, or in mourning (A. Green, “ dead mother"). Her presence is little felt (she seems to have died). Quite often there are people who, at the end of their lives, are "waiting to say goodbye to everyone", their birthday (say, 60, 80, 95 years old) and the family holiday provided for in connection with this, or the wedding of a granddaughter, or the return of a son from a trip.

After a critical, sad, difficult or dramatic event such as sudden death young parents as a result of an accident, or the placement of the mother in a clinic, often after a few years there is an accident, there is a serious physical illness(e.g. cancer), psychotic episode (daughter or son falls ill, has an accident, is admitted to a psychiatric clinic at the same age as the deceased parent). This can happen on the anniversary day (at the same age), or ten or fifty years later. This is often the case in double anniversary: a child who has become a parent and has reached the same age as his deceased parent, and at the same time his own child turns the same age as he himself was at the time of loss.

Josephine Hilgard used the term anniversary to refer to these specific cases of psychotic episodes, marking the age of loss of a parent and double anniversary with a child of the same age.

I understand the term much better. anniversary syndrome because I have often observed repetition accidents, marriages, miscarriages, deaths, illnesses, pregnancies... at the same age in two, three, five, eight generations (that is, "deepening" into the family history for about two hundred years).

It is easy to cross two centuries when a child knows his great-grandmother and she tells him about her childhood and her own great-grandmother. This is how living stories about the Revolution or Napoleon's campaigns are born - based on the stories of elderly relatives, a portrait, a medallion, a picture, furniture, letters, a Bible ...

I extensively illustrate my reasoning with clinical cases and stories about life (see below "Stories about life").

Participation in an event even through one's death 6 can be unconsciously played out in different ways. Some fathers and mothers wait for the return of their son or the marriage of their daughter to allow themselves to die.

American historians have noticed that the second and third US Presidents Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) and John Adams (1735-1826) died on the same day (July 4, 1826), which is the fiftieth anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776). ). As if they were waiting for this date to participate in the event fiftieth anniversary celebrations and then go through "death".

Some family or historical coincidences can better understand how reactions to anniversaries, as anniversary syndrome and, I would say, as an expression family and social transgenerational unconscious.

Some people Every year at the same time experiencing feelings of anxiety and depression - why, they don't know. They do not remember that this is the period of the anniversary of the death of a loved one - a relative or friend, and cannot establish a conscious relationship between these repeated facts.

Many people underwent surgery on the day of the anniversary of the death or accident with their father, brother, relative. It's like coincidence found, for example, after postoperative complications.

That is why I have always considered it important to tell family doctors, surgeons, oncologists, psychotherapists, social workers about the anniversary syndrome in order to help them work with their patients, since it is very common instances of physical and mental vulnerability during anniversaries with poorly understood symptoms, unclear until they are clarified anniversary connection.

American physician George Engel studied this phenomenon on himself (1975). He described, for example, his heart attack on the anniversary of his brother's sudden death(forty-nine years old) due to cardiac arrest. And on the first anniversary of his death, he himself had a serious heart attack. It is possible to hypothesize about unconscious identification with the brother, which caused the same physical reaction on the anniversary stress(fear of death). He reacted in the same way, though to a lesser degree. George Engel survived and told us about it. He published an article describing his anxiety during that period (he was also forty-nine years old). He went through another troubling period associated with the Anniversary Syndrome, with fear of dying at the same age as the father(at fifty-eight); unconsciously, he "chosen to forget" this age in order to survive.

It is this severe time period - the same age at which they died father, brother, mother and others close person I call period of vulnerability associated with "anniversary stress"(see the example of two brothers, Bernard and Lucien, who survived and died).

Often sudden death in different generations subsequently makes itself felt in family history through accidents. Their seriousness decreases over a hundred to one hundred and fifty years, as, for example, in the story of the accident during the Battle of Sevastopol, or in the story of the boy Roger and the beginning of the school year, or with the birth of children on the same day in subsequent generations (for example, grandchildren of those who would have been wounded near Verdun). They were born on February 21, 1996 or November 11. This is form of invisible loyalty.

Thus, we are dealing with a reminder of the injured grandfather or great-uncle, wounded or killed in the war. And the anguish and trauma of the war and the cessation of fighting after the armistice of November 11, 1918, make themselves felt through birth or involuntary miscarriages * .

"Invisible Loyalties" and "Fractals"

As I have already specified, the anniversary syndrome can be both a case of the repetition of a particular family event on the same date or at the same age, and the endless repetition of the same thing in several generations (and sometimes throughout the life of one person ). Sometimes it is a happy event, and sometimes it is traumatic and difficult for the family. Sometimes we (myself - and someone else) managed to interrupt the chain of events (see the presented clinical cases). However, the problem of finding answers to questions remains. why? and as? What explanation can be offered?

Since 1950, I have been closely following the work of Benoit Mandelbrot, and the thought came to me about the connection of these repetitions with "fractals". Moreover, in 1999 I was approached by several specialists in "chaos theory" and "fractals". They believed that my work with severe disease carriers and anniversary syndrome was, or could be, a skillful application of fractal theory to health problems. Ivan Guerrini (Professor from the State of Brazil, a specialist in chaos theory) argues that the endless repetition of the same thing is a "fractal", just like the sinuous contours of the coast of Brittany, the configuration of a snowflake, a head of cauliflower, the beating of our heart (research Benoit Mandelbrot, 1975, 1959 - 1997). Of course, it is good and natural when there are endless repetitions of a heartbeat (this is a sign of life) or reproduction of cells, but what happens when something suddenly goes wrong and an endless repetition of cancer cells begins (and this leads to death)? What changed? Although we can say that nothing has changed.

Exactly chaos theory and fractals can suggest that the most insignificant event can change "everything" ( classic example- cited in 1970 by Edward Lorenz, who studied weather forecasting, about the flapping of a butterfly's wings (butterfly effect). So, the very fact of the flapping of the wings of a butterfly in the Amazon can lead to a tornado in Texas, which was confirmed by examples of phenomena that are both natural-scientific and complex in nature: the state of the exchange, traffic on highways, the dynamics of ions and water in the soil, human blood circulation , economic crises and depression (in the economy), football matches, etc. I would like to give a clear and very simple example.

I wrote that I do not believe in chance (no psychoanalyst believes in this), and yet ... Once I was sitting at home in front of a computer screen and printed out this text in one copy. When the receiver ran out of paper, the computer gave a corresponding signal. Without turning away from the screen, I reached out with my left hand, tucked in the paper, and... to my great surprise, the pages began to turn over, falling into the basket. Why? I did not move in my chair, as if "nothing" had changed. And yet something happened, "stopping" one sequence and starting another. But why? "Nothing has changed" that could be realized by me.

In the area where all of us (my dear readers and I) are specialists (we are talking about transgenerational phenomena), there have been cases of termination of the most serious diseases (this happened in some cases of cancer at the final stage: after a certain work, metastases and cancer cells disappeared) as a result of “decoding” of the syndrome of anniversary and loyalty to the family or “injury of the wind of cannonballs”, severe trauma, imperfect? some mourning after an absurd death (of a person or animal from his circle or family circle). To do this, a circle is drawn that "attracts" repetitions (" attractor"), this or that tendency in behavior. However, the task scientific justification(using recent achievements science and interdisciplinary approaches) and more complete explanation the phenomena of repetition and "attractors" is still not resolved.

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My Research on Genosociograms and Anniversary Syndrome Schutzenberger Ann Anselin

Ann Anselin Schutzenberger Ancestral Syndrome. Transgenerational ties, family secrets, anniversary syndrome, trauma transmission, and the practical use of the genosociogram

Ann Anselin Schutzenberger

Ancestral Syndrome. Transgenerational ties, family secrets, anniversary syndrome, trauma transmission, and the practical use of the genosociogram

(translated from French by I.K. Masalkov) M: publishing house of the Institute of Psychotherapy, 2001

1 (p.13)

It can be stated with certainty that in our lives we less free than we think. However, we can reclaim our freedom and avoid repetition understanding happening, realizing these threads in their context and complexity. In this way, we will finally be able to live “our” life, and not the life of our parents or grandparents, or, for example, the deceased brother whom we “replaced”, sometimes without even realizing it ... These complex connections of generations can be seen, felt or anticipate, at least in part. But most often we do not talk about them: they are lived as subtle, unconscious, unspoken or secret.

2 (p.168)

One of the most amazing examples- the life of the artist Vincent van Gogh, who was born on March 30, 1852, exactly one year after the death of his older brother, also Vincent. The family did not want to talk about him, but the child was handed over to him without changes. double name- Vincent Wilhelm. Vincent van Gogh's life was tragic, as if someone forbade him to exist. His paternal half-brother, Theo, with whom he was very friendly and who loved him, got married. He had a child, and he named him Vincent-Wilhelm, precisely out of love for his brother. A few months later, Theo writes to his artist brother about his son: "I hope that this Vincent will live, will be able to realize himself." After receiving this letter, Vincent van Gogh committed suicide. As if for him there could not be two living Vincent van Goghs at the same time. As if his brother pointed out to him the incompatibility of the presence of both.

3 (p.75)

Secret is always a problem.… Freud reminded us that he who has eyes to see and ears to hear states that mortals cannot keep any secrets. “The one whose lips are silent blurts out with his fingertips. He gives himself away at all times." This brings us to the understanding and correct assessment the importance of non-verbal communication and expression of feelings both in body language and in eloquent silence.

4 (p.68)

Nicolas Abraham(1968) tells the story of a patient who knew absolutely nothing about his grandfather's past. This gentleman was an amateur geologist. Every Sunday he went to look for stones, collected them, split them. In addition, he hunted butterflies, caught them and killed them in a jar of cyanide. What could be more banal! However, this man felt very uncomfortable and tried to find a way to cope with his condition. He was treated by several doctors, including a psychoanalyst, but without special success. He was uncomfortable in life. Then he turned to Nicolas Abraham, who had the idea to conduct a study of his family, rising several generations higher. And then he finds out that the patient had a grandfather (mother's father), about whom no one told! It was a secret. The therapist advised the client to visit his grandfather's relatives. He found out that his grandfather did things that it was impossible to admit - he was suspected of having robbed a bank and, perhaps, did something even worse. He was sent to the African battalion, to the quarries, and then executed in gas chamber. And the grandson knew nothing about it. And what did our patient do on weekends? He, like an amateur geologist, beat off stones and, hunting for large butterflies, killed them in a jar of cyanide. The symbolic circle closes, it expresses a secret (belonging to his mother), a secret unknown to himself.

5 (p.31)

This is where the concepts come from. justice and family justice. When justice is not observed, this manifests itself in disbelief, exploitation of some members by others (sometimes in flight, revenge, revenge), even in illness or accidents. Conversely, when justice is observed, there is affection, mutual respect of family members, "family accounts" are handled carefully. You can talk about "Balance of Family Accounts" and "family ledger", where credit and debit, debts, obligations, merits are visible. Otherwise, we have a number of problems that repeat from generation to generation.

6 (p.37)

This is where you can see, as Alain Mijollat has shown, to what extent family problems, for example, the poet Arthur Rimbaud, interfered with his life: he could not solve them, and he fled. One of his problems was the departure of his father, a military man, when the boy was 6 years old. But if we turn to previous generations, we see the same fact: a hundred years earlier, his great-grandfather left his son at 6 years old, and paternal men continued to leave their sons at the same age, leaving or dying: these were “unpaid bills of the original families". It is this reactivation at the same age that Josephine Hilgard calls anniversary syndrome or "double anniversary" (if the phenomenon is repeated with each of the children).

7 (p.146)

In the life of every person there are bad times, black series of troubles and failures. People don’t know what’s bothering them, they don’t feel comfortable, they don’t sleep well, they don’t feel well, they catch any infection, they have the flu, a small traffic accident, a sprained ankle, something more serious, and sometimes deadly. They often experience malaise which neither x-ray nor blood test reveals. They go through a losing streak without knowing why. They go to doctors who do not reveal anything. But sometimes they have cancer or urgently need an operation, and something happens to them during the operation or there are postoperative complications. When compiling genosociograms, that is, a family tree that marks important life events, dates and ages, you can see that very often all this happens in the same period and at the same age at which someone in their family died, or broke up with someone or was in the hospital. […] Recall that President Kennedy himself refused to put a bulletproof top on his car in Dallas on November 22, 1963, "forgetting" about the threat of death and that his grandfather Patrick's father died on November 22, 1858. He forgot about this event and forgot to take risks.

8 (p.105)

Beginning formulate historical-economic-sociological hypotheses, you notice that if until this time the client said that he could not remember anything, then at this moment you can say that some kind of “valve” has opened in his head, and he will now exclaim: “Oh, yes, this is however, I remember that the family did not become very poor during the events in Panama, it happened at the time of the events on the Suez Canal, when (my father or my grandmother) changed schools, as complications arose. Entire blocks of memory suddenly open- simply because, so to speak, the locks are removed from the memory zones: free associations begin to arise, and people are able to remember extremely significant things that they knew without knowing. After that, they will be able to remember that they knew a great-aunt, a neighbor of a godmother or grandmother, a regimental friend of their grandfather, with whom the great-aunt still communicates ... They will finally be able to make inquiries.

9 (p.112)

I became together with Helen look for the meaning of her name and suggested that it could be an abbreviation - L.N., "el", "en" (Americans like to give initial names). I thought it was a secret reminder, a name-travesty, oh secret sense, which must be solved, about the initials. Then I suggested that she look at the list of professors and teachers who could work at that college during her mother's studies. Helen looked up names on L.N. and found a certain Louis Nicolas. She went to him and asked if he knew her mother. It turned out that this man was indeed her father, he did not know that the student then became pregnant from him, and was happy that he had a daughter.

10 (p.161, 164)

I don't believe in curses, you can think about the effect strong word accompanying strong emotion, especially coming from an authoritative figure - a priest, healer, parent, teacher. […] The peasants of Savoy during the revolution hid the priest, after the terror he came out of hiding. He thanked them - blessed them, saying: "May the eldest child in each generation be your guardian." Since then, for two centuries, the eldest child in each generation has become, as it were, a “heavenly angel” and guards their peace. … I had a long talk with this lady and explained that everything can be understood differently, that there is a difference between a blessing and a curse, that the phrase “The oldest child in each generation will be your guardian” can be interpreted in different ways depending on the reference frame used. … You can take care of the family in different ways… Either treat (doctor, nurse), or be a useful member of society, an assistant. So we put the phrase and prediction in another semantic frame. Since then, something has changed in her vision, in life, and the baby has recovered. Ten years later, she is still alive and well. For the first time since the revolution, the eldest child in the family does not die. The repetition of events in every generation for two hundred years - how is this possible? Why? What's happening? Where is this recorded in the family and personal unconscious? How is the transfer carried out?

11 (p.182)

To put it simply, at birth and even in the womb the child receives a certain number of messages: he is given a surname and a name, an expectation of the roles that he will have to play or avoid. These role expectations can be positive and/or negative. For example, the idea that he is a "copy of Jules' grandfather's brother" can be projected onto a child, and everyone around begins to think that he will be an adventurer, a "dishonest citizen", like his grandfather. They will make a scapegoat out of the child, he will not be “put on the clothes of the deceased,” whom he will have to replace. Like the fairies around Sleeping Beauty's cradle, many things will be predicted to him - prescriptions, scripts, the future. This will be said explicitly or remain unspoken and will be assumed "by default" and kept strictly secret. However, explicit or implicit expectations will "program" the child.

12 (p.188)

…with the current level of knowledge we clinicians should observe and describe these phenomena - say, strange cases of transmission from one unconscious to another, collect facts, clinical descriptions, publish them, conduct clinical and at the same time statistical studies(as Josephine Hilgard did with the Anniversary Syndrome). Then, perhaps, understanding these "phantoms" of the unconscious, these "repetitions", "anniversaries", will bring us closer to understanding interacting beings that have intuition and language, i.e. us. The dead grabs the living, as the saying goes and Roman law.

http://www.psy-analyst.ru/autoref/3schut8.asp

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Summing up many years of work, in which there were finds of intuition, research and healing, the creator of psychogenealogy, Ann Anselin Schutzenberger, talks about her method and how difficult it was for him to win recognition.

How did you come up with psychogenealogy?

I coined the term “psychogeneology” in the early 1980s to explain to my psychology students at the University of Nice what family ties are, how they are passed on, and how the chain of generations generally “works.” But this was already the result of certain research and the result of my twenty years of clinical experience.

Not really. In the early 1950s, after completing my studies in the United States and returning to my homeland, I wanted to talk to an anthropologist. I chose as a psychoanalyst a specialist in this field, director of the Museum of Man, Robert Jessen, who had previously worked as a doctor on expeditions to North Pole. In a sense, it was he who opened the door to the world of intergenerational relations for me, telling me about this Eskimo custom: if a man dies on a hunt, his share of the booty goes to his grandson.

Robert Jessen said that one day, entering the igloo, he heard with great surprise how the hostess respectfully turned to her baby with the words: “Grandfather, if you allow, we will invite this stranger to eat with us.” And a few minutes later she was talking to him again like a child.

This story opened my eyes to the roles that we get, on the one hand, in our own family, and on the other hand, under the influence of our ancestors.

All children know about what is happening in the house, especially what is hidden from them.

Then, after Jessen, there was Françoise Dolto: at that time it was considered good tone, having already completed your analysis, look at it again.

And so I come to Dolto, and the first thing she asks me to tell about the sex life of my great-grandmothers. I answer that I have no idea about this, since I found my great-grandmothers already widows. And she reproachfully: “All children know about what is happening in the house, especially what is hidden from them. Look for…”

And finally, the third important point. One day a friend asked me to meet her relative who was dying of cancer. I came to her house and in the living room I saw a portrait of a very beautiful woman. It turned out that this was the patient's mother, who died of cancer at the age of 34. The woman I came to was then the same age.

From that moment on, I began to pay special attention to the dates of anniversaries, places of events, illnesses ... and their recurrence in the chain of generations. Thus, psychogenealogy was born.

Other ways to work with family history

American psychotherapist Virginia Satir applied the method of family reconstruction, restoring connections and details of interaction in three generations.

Method of the German psychotherapist Bert Hellinger is a psychogenealogical therapy that helps to identify family unconscious scripts. At its core - family constellation: The person is involved in scenes that clarify the discrepancy between the structure of the ideal family and the family myth.

In psychodrama, the “ancestor drama” genre is well known: by acting out the life of one of your relatives, identifying with him, you can understand how his (former) feelings and actions affect our lives.

What was the reaction of the psychoanalytic community?

The psychoanalysts did not know me, and some people probably thought I was a dreamer or a lunatic. But it doesn't matter. I don't think they're my equal, with a few exceptions. I do group analysis, I do psychodrama, I do things they despise.

I don't fit in with them, but I don't care. I love to open doors and I know that psychogenealogy will show its effectiveness in the future. And then, orthodox Freudianism also changes over time.

At the same time, you met with incredible interest from the public…

Psychogenealogy appeared at a time when all more people became interested in their ancestors and felt the need to find their roots. However, I even regret that everyone was so carried away.

Today, anyone can claim to be using psychogenealogy without having a serious training, which should include both higher specialized education and clinical work. Some are so ignorant in this area that they make gross errors in analysis and interpretation, leading their clients astray.

Those who are looking for a specialist need to make inquiries about the professionalism and qualifications of people who undertake to help them, and not act on the principle: “everyone goes to him, I will go too.”

"I stopped blaming myself"

Karina, 36 years old, insurance agent

Two years after the birth of my daughter, I, unable to withstand constant quarrels, left my husband. Somehow, in a casual conversation with my aunt, I found out that my grandmother's husband was not my mother's real father. Moreover, for several generations, the eldest daughters in our family were born out of wedlock. I was shocked by this discovery.

A psychogenealogist helped me understand that, after parting with my husband, I unwittingly repeat the family script. Perhaps, for the first time, I thought about how many mistakes I made in my family life. I don’t know if I’ll dare to talk about this with my ex-husband, but I stopped blaming myself.

Do you feel that what is rightfully yours has been taken from you?

Yes. And I am also used by those who apply my method without understanding its essence.

Ideas and words, being put into circulation, continue to live their own lives. I have no control over the use of the term "psychogeneology." But I would like to repeat that psychogenealogy is a method like any other. It is neither a panacea nor a master key: it is just another tool to explore your history and your roots.

There is no need to simplify: psychogenealogy is not limited to applying certain matrix or finding simple instances of recurring dates that don't always mean anything in and of themselves—that's how we run the risk of falling into an unhealthy "coincidence mania." It is also difficult to engage in psychogenealogy on your own, alone. The therapist's eye is needed to follow all the intricacies of thought associations and reservations, as in any analysis and in any psychotherapy.

Bernard's genosociogram, 33 years old

When Bernard was 33 years old, he began to get sick, got into traffic accidents.

Together with Ann Anselin Schutzenberger, he compiled his genosociogram and found that his older brother Lucien died at 33, and in four generations of the family, nine children (all of their names began with “Lu”: Lucien, Luc, Lucy or Lucienne) died young from for accidents. It turned out that his great-grandfather and great-grandmother (Lucien and Maria) were adopted children in the same family, but, as adults, they got married, thereby committing a “genealogical incest". Since then, the family seemed to punish itself by “sacrifice” the descendants from this marriage.

Realizing that he himself was unconsciously trying to repeat their fate, Bernard freed himself from the family scenario.

The success of your method shows that many people do not find their place in the family and suffer from this. Why is it so difficult?

Because we are being lied to. Because some things are hidden from us, and silence entails suffering. Therefore, we must try to understand why we took this particular place in the family, trace the chain of generations in which we are only one of the links, and think about how we can free ourselves.

There always comes a moment when you need to accept your history, the family that you got. You can't change the past. You can protect yourself from him if you know him. That's all. By the way, psychogenealogy is also interested in the joys that have become milestones in the life of the family. Dig into your family garden it is worth not in order to accumulate troubles and suffering for yourself, but in order to deal with them, if the ancestors did not do this.

"I'm safe for my child"

Victoria, 42, psychoanalyst

By the time I got pregnant, I had been undergoing personal psychoanalysis for several years. It was not clear why I suddenly overtook the strongest fear for the unborn child. Moreover: I began to be haunted by dreams of stillborn children. I had no health problems, nothing bothered the doctors, and I could not understand the reason for what was happening to me.

While studying my genosociogram, I noticed a coincidence: several generations of my family had dead children, and my mother was a replacement child, shortly after the death of her brother. That was enough for me to stop being afraid. My son was born safely, at his term. And I'm fine.

So why do we need psychogenealogy?

To say to myself: “No matter what happened in my family past, no matter what my ancestors did and experienced, no matter what they hide from me, my family is my family, and I accept it because I cannot change ". Working on your family past means learning to step back from it and take the thread of life, your life, into your own hands. And when the time comes, pass it on to your children with a calmer soul.

"I freed myself from my fear"

Natalia, 28 years old, secretary

At the age of 18, I decided to learn how to drive a car. But a strong irrational fear prevented me: I was afraid that, having received my license, I would definitely get into a car accident. A psychogenealogist helped me put the facts together and understand what exactly was causing my fear.

It was only on the genosociogram that I saw that my family had been haunted by death as a result of car accidents for several generations. My father, grandfather and great-grandfather different years died on the roads, leaving behind widows and orphans. When I realized this, I felt a weight lifted from my shoulders.

I got my license, but I still don't like to drive. I think this is not connected with the history of my family: I completely freed myself from my fear.

This book is one of the first books published in Russia, dedicated to the work family therapist with family history, transgenerational ties, anniversary syndrome, and family secrets. Examples from life, and from the history that Anna Schutzenberger cites, make you think - is it really necessary individual therapy? Maybe most of the problems and scenarios are brought into our lives by the family, as a system, and not by dad or mom, as separate people?

For example, a person lives, grief does not know. And at the age of 29, he breaks his spine and cannot move independently. When analyzing the genogram, it turns out that his father received exactly the same injury at this age. And if you look even further, then among other ancestors there were the same injuries. And this is not a curse at all, but an "anniversary syndrome" - but one of the key phenomena. Information about such events, as well as the "programming" of family members, is in the collective unconscious of this family.

It is well known that it is better not to name children after relatives whose fate was tragic, since there is a possibility that children will inherit their fate. There is a completely materialistic explanation for this: if children are named after someone, then expectations are projected onto them that they will be the same as those relatives who gave them their name.

Nicolas Abraham (1968) tells the story of a patient who knew absolutely nothing about his grandfather's past. This gentleman was an amateur geologist. Every Sunday he went to look for stones, collected them, split them. and killed them in a jar of cyanide. What could be more banal! However, this man felt very uncomfortable and tried to find a way to cope with his condition. He was treated by several doctors, including a psychoanalyst, but without much success. He was uncomfortable in life. Then he turned to Nicolas Abraham, who had the idea to conduct a study of his family, rising several generations higher. And then he finds out that the patient had a grandfather (father of the mother), whom no one told! It was a secret. Therapist advised the client to visit his grandfather's relatives, who found out that the grandfather did things that it was impossible to admit - he was suspected of having robbed a bank and possibly did something else - then worse. He was sent to the African battalion, to the quarries, and then executed in the gas chamber. And the grandson knew nothing about it. And what did our patient do on weekends? He, like an amateur geologist, beat off stones and, hunting for large butterflies, killed them in a jar of cyanide. The symbolic circle closes, it expresses a secret (belonging to his mother), a secret unknown to himself.

The unwritten rules by which families live are also within the collective unconscious. Moreover, patterns family relations, can be passed down from generation to generation, and greatly affect the lives of family members. Separately, mention should be made of the author's position on unsightly and tragic cases in family history. Schutzenberger believes that the silence and avoidance of mentioning these cases leads to the fact that the next generation in the family (grandchildren) will pay for what was done by their ancestors (grandfathers).

Of the indisputable advantages, examples can be mentioned, and detailed description genograms. The case studies are very detailed. Some examples are so interesting and colorful that at times you realize that life is richer and more interesting than any invention of the writer.

Of the shortcomings - the low structure of the material, the book is difficult to read for an unprepared reader. The book contains many examples that are interesting to read, however, they are not structured.

And be prepared for the fact that the book will change your idea of your own family: you may well have a desire to get to know your ancestors better.

A. Schutzenberger. ancestral syndrome. Content

"Body mind connection"

Transgenerational links. Accounting for debts and merit. Experienced injustice http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/295302.html#trans

Family Unconscious Repetitions on Anniversary Day: A Widower's Accident http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/296206.html#anniversary

The mystery of the death of parents and their origin: the children of the deported http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/296206.html#deported

Genocide and experienced injustice: slavery, deportation, exodus http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/296206.html#genocide

Biographical reconstruction. Labels, keys, memory bounds and method limits http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/296751.html#biography

Basics of identity: first and last name. Surname or patronymic: "What is your name?" http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/296751.html#basics

Life context (study, travel, living in distant lands) Name-code, name-travesty, name-cryptogram http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/296751.html#study

Transgenerational and intergenerational. Revisited memory: living memory or memory lapses http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/296990.html#generation

Valerie and Roger: is there a hereditary predisposition to traffic accidents? http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/297554.html#Roger

Two Young Madame Ravanel: Unexplained Genealogical Incest http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/297880.html#incest

False brothers and sisters raised under the same roof or extended family http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/297880.html#false

The de Mortelac family: the death of children at an early age in several generations http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/297880.html#death

Van Gogh, Dali and Freud: the replacement child and the restoring child http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/298054.html#Dali

Four other examples: Muslims; Jacques / Jacqueline; Monday at Easter 1965 - a trace of Sevastopol; Isabelle http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/298054.html#four

Definition of "crypt" and "ghost" according to Nicola Abraham and Maria Török

Josephine Hilgard's Statistical Studies of Anniversary Syndrome (1952 to 1989) http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/298679.html#statistic

Anniversary Syndrome, "Clash of Times" and National Transgenerational Traumas in History (Kosovo - June 28, 1389 - June 28, 1914 - June 28, 1989) http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/298909.html# time

Family and group co-unconscious (JL Moreno). The Social and Interpersonal Unconscious (Erich Fromm, Karen Horney, S.H. Fulks) http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/298909.html#unconscious

Typical frame for a family tree

Typical frame for a family genosociogram

"The dead are invisible, but they are not absent."

2 Rosny, Eric de. Les Yeux de ma chevre. Paris, Plon, 1981.

The opinions most vigorously defended are the most questionable in relation to our system of raising children. The dogmatization of false theories protects those exposed in childhood abuse people from realizing the painful truth. Freud's theories of infantile sexuality, the Oedipus complex, and the death instinct perform the same function. Freud originally discovered, in part through the technique of hypnosis, that all patients, both male and female, had been abused in childhood, as evidenced by their symptoms. After Freud made a report on his discovery to a circle of colleagues, he found himself in complete isolation because none of his associates were ready to share his point of view. Freud could not endure this isolation for long. A few months later, in 1897, he described the confessions of his patients about sexual abuse committed against them, interpreting them as fantasies that arose under the influence of instinctive drives. Humanity briefly gained and again lost the chance to wake up and realize reality.

“We postulate the existence of a collective soul (.) [and that] the feeling is, as it were, transmitted from generation to generation in relation to this or that mistake that people no longer keep in their minds and which they remember least of all” (Freud Z. "Totem and Taboo", Petite Bibliotheque Payot, 180).

"Ancestral Syndrome": when the past of the family harms your present

The history of any person who comes to psychotherapy is the history of a whole family. Each of us is part of a large family system, all members of which, even those with whom we have not communicated for a long time or who are no longer alive, influence each other. There is no time inside our intrapsychic field: the entire history of the family and clan is transmitted and reproduced through generations.

First time talking about it famous psychologist Ann A. Schutzenberger. In the book Ancestral Syndrome, she talks about the results of twenty years scientific research in the field of psychogenealogy, non-verbal communication and family ties. Ann Schutzenberger made a genosociogram with clients - a family tree. It showed how intergenerational bonds, family histories and long-standing tragedies affect all family members. Intergenerational ties are loaded huge amount information: memory of traumatic events, conflicts and losses. All this is stored in a common unconscious field, which can be called generic memory.

How can this manifest itself in life?

It happens that the unconscious "reminds" of important events in the life cycle by repeating the date or age. These can be repetitions of accidents, marriages, divorces, the birth of children, diseases at the same age in two, three, five generations.

Some of us feel anxious, depressed, lonely every year on the same day, but cannot understand why, writes Ann Schurzenberger. Nor do they know that this day marks the anniversary of a tragic event in the distant past. Such coincidences occur when ties between generations are highly emotionally charged, there are many unspoken words and unshed tears. All cargo is passed on to the next generations.

"Failures" in family history

There may be time periods in the history of the family that no one knows about or is not customary to talk about. This "family vault" can be stored for decades, writes Ann Schutzenberger.

Perhaps among your ancestors were repressed or missing. It was unbearable to remember it, and it was impossible to talk about it at all. Such secrets leave with the older generation, but continue to influence the fate of children. For example, in families where grandparents survived the blockade, they treat food with special trepidation and never throw away the surplus. This is passed not only to children, but to grandchildren, great-grandchildren.

Many families have relatives about whom nothing is known or who have been deliberately deleted from the family history. As a rule, these are people who lead a marginal lifestyle, who have violated the moral laws of society, those for whom they are ashamed or in whose lives tragic events have occurred - sudden death, serious illness.

If such a person is “expelled”, sooner or later a child will be born in the family with similar character traits, and sometimes the fate of an “outcast,” writes Ann Schutzenberger in her book. Everything unspoken and secret is unconsciously manifested through the life of descendants.

Name as identity

Do you know who you owe your name to? Maybe you were named after one of your parents, grandparents, or after the hero of the novel? Or maybe in your family it is customary to name children like that? What meaning did the parents put into this name?

This can serve as a clue to your behavior and events that occur in life. For example, you were named after your grandfather, whom everyone was proud of, and your relatives involuntarily associate you with him. You are expected to have the same success in mathematics or outstanding organizational skills. And all your life you are trying to achieve something that is not interesting and not close.

Feeling of orphanhood, lack of roots, connection with ancestors

It happens that we feel isolated, isolated, do not understand what place we occupy in the clan, family and in general in life. Perhaps one of yours was an orphan, lived with a family of relatives “out of mercy”, felt like a burden. This perception of self could be passed down through the generations and become fixed as a family trait.

These symptoms deprive of vital energy. The psyche is trying to cope with feelings accumulated many generations before us. The inherited load of sorrows, anxieties, grief, feelings of loneliness pulls back. We may not notice it, but it affects us a huge impact: simple things are difficult for us, we feel like failures, we lose the meaning of life. own desires there is no place, they are replaced by the aspirations, prescriptions and attitudes of previous generations of our kind. As a result, we do not live our lives.

How to get rid of ancestral syndrome

Getting your life back is entirely possible, but it takes work. You'll have to:

Delve into family history, talk with relatives about the life of ancestors, understand if there are topics or people that are not customary to talk about, make inquiries to the archives

Be prepared for the fact that completely unexpected facts from the life of the family will come up, which are not always unambiguous and pleasant.

Together with a psychotherapist who works in a psychogenealogical approach, draw up a genosociogram of your family.

With his support, recycle the burden of family secrets and heavy feelings associated with them.

These steps will help voice what was hushed up, live what was not lived, establish emotional bonds between generations, improve relationships with relatives and meet yourself.

Victoria Vdovikh- psychologist, works in the direction of couples and family psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Her page.

Ann Schutzenberger Ancestral Syndrome

How to heal family wounds and find yourself? I think it’s not a secret for anyone that we first of all notice what is relevant for us on this moment. Particularly in books.

I would not call this book a serious monograph or a guide to the method. For me it's more like brief notes on the topic. And even, I would say, not the most structured, and sometimes, according to the sensations, and incomplete, as if torn off.

The name is, of course, too promising. It is unlikely that after reading the book you will be able to heal spiritual wounds and find yourself. But you can notice the direction in which to look. What impresses me in the author's texts is that she repeatedly mentions the need to take a sober look at things and not see a psychological pattern in any coincidence. The author’s story about the need for work to collect facts from his family history, and the fact that in order to distinguish between a real family pattern and a mere coincidence, a scrupulous approach and considerable experience is needed inspires respect and trust. All this, in my opinion, can help those interested to descend from heaven to earth and, perhaps, at least a little less mystify in this topic.

I think it's useful and important book. Especially now, when there is a noticeable tendency both among psychologists and those who are simply interested, to interpret what is happening to a person through the history of a family that goes back to the distant past, using not very clear and obvious grounds, and not particularly caring about the search and collection real information from family history. Also, in my opinion, the book will be interesting and useful to those who are interested in the history of the family in itself, and not as a means of solving psychological problems. In particular, here you can take for yourself some ideas for compiling a family tree, indicating some connections and events in the history of the family. Annotation to the book: Psychotherapist, group analyst and world-famous psychodramatist, creator of the term "Psychogenealogy", Ann Anselin Schutzenberger wrote this book as a continuation of her famous book "Ancestral Syndrome". She covers here the most essential things to know about invisible family loyalty, the anniversary syndrome, and body memory, and shows you how to create and make sense of your family tree. In her work, she opens up opportunities to realize all the good that we inherited from our ancestors, to throw off the burden of past mistakes, wounds and suffering, and to get rid of all the bad, shameful and unspoken that can be stored in the family - in order to finally live our life. own life.

Schutzenberger Ann Anselin - Ancestral Syndrome (download). Schutzenberger Ann Anselin (view). Author: Schutzenberger Ann Anselin Download: Each of us is a link in the chain of generations, and sometimes we have to, to our own surprise, pay the "debts" of our ancestors. It is the result of twenty years of scientific activity and clinical practice of Ann Anselin Schutzenberger. Download this book (400k) in format: fb2, lrf, epub, mobi, txt, html.

Psychotherapist, group analyst and world-famous psychodramatist, creator of the term ‘psychogeneology’, Ann Anselin Schutzenberger wrote this book as a continuation of her famous book Ancestral Syndrome. Psychotherapist, group analyst and world-famous psychodramatist, creator of the term "psychogeneology", Ann Anselin Schutzenberger wrote this book as a continuation of her famous book "Ancestral Syndrome". It is the result of twenty years of scientific activity and clinical practice of Ann Anselin Schutzenberger. Full text of the book (read online) Download this book in the format: fb2 400k, lrf 432k, epub 415k, mobi 662k, txt, html.

Psychotherapist Semyonova L.F. Krasnodar

LIFE WITH THE GESTALT APPROACH (406)

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«. ..fathers ate sour grapes, and children's teeth are set on edge.

Ezekiel, chapter 18, verses 1-4

Hello to all the "advanced", beginners and just interested in psychology issues, or to be more precise, scenario reprogramming issues. Our Club has been dealing with this issue for many years and quite successfully. At the same time, quite often we encounter situations that are difficult to explain using the traditional approach. People are starting to face inexplicable things, events begin to occur that cannot be explained from the point of view of conventional scenario theory.

Well, for example, how to explain such a phenomenon that in a family, in each generation, it is the eldest child who dies, and all subsequent ones remain alive. Or is it that a woman wakes up every night in terrible despair from 5 to 6 in the morning, and then everything goes away abruptly? Similar examples great multitude.

Most immediately rush to look for answers where they simply cannot be. Fate, karma... Yes, such directions give an "explanation", and one is cooler than the other. You read, and you don’t want to live at all

So what is it? Mystic? Evil spirits? Or something else out of this world?

And everything is much easier. This is a science, a science about a person and, more specifically, a science about our ancestors. Yes, it's about them. Now let's go back to the very beginning.

Most areas of psychology, working with human scenario mechanisms, as a rule, study in detail the life path of the client himself. Analysis in progress his early years life, the influences of close people who had the greatest influence on the formation of character, as well as how these mechanisms manifested themselves throughout life. But, besides this, there is another mechanism that is usually not paid attention to - the scenarios of the "past". Scenarios of our ancestors. Yes, exactly, the scripts of our grandmothers, great-grandmothers, etc. This trend in psychology is called the Ancestor Syndrome.

There is such a definition of this phenomenon.

Ancestor Syndrome — occurring in the same genus for several generations coincidence of dates significant events, the repetition of the circumstances of life and death, as well as the transfer "by inheritance" of unfulfilled family debt.

It's that simple. However, it is worth clarifying a number of points.

The action of the ancestral syndrome is associated with the “unconscious” of the family, which is invisibly present in the life of any person, from the moment of conception to death. How does it work? While still in the “project”, inside the mother, the child already becomes the object of expectations from his family: who the child will be born into, whose hopes he will justify with his birth, etc. Many parents want to know the gender in advance in order to choose a name. Often, a father or mother has a desire to name a boy or girl in honor of their ancestor. And when the child is already born, they will certainly find “features of ancestors” in him.

With an outward resemblance to one of the relatives, there are often expectations that the child will be similar to him both in behavior and character traits (especially when it comes to a family hero, a role model). But it also happens that not heroic deeds are associated with this person, but bad memories. Then they try to talk about him less often or keep silent altogether: otherwise the child can follow in his footsteps. Alas, here the mechanisms of the “ancestral syndrome” inevitably come into play: if expectations turn into fears, the child will still unconsciously copy the behavior of the ill-fated relative.

It does not matter whether the expectations of relatives are expressed out loud or implied "by default". The important thing is that they unwittingly form a "scenario of the past" future life child. And a family secret always only increases the likelihood that descendants will repeat a negative experience or hard fate family members who lived before.

A small example, for buildup.

A., aged 42, auto mechanic at a major car dealer service center. His seven-year-old son was in a car accident. The accident happened at the end of August. The analysis of the past revealed the following. When A. was 7 years old and he was going to school for the first time, there was an accident that frightened him greatly. Surprisingly, his father, when he first went to school, got into a traffic accident. But grandfather A. had no accidents on the way to school for the reason that he did not go there. His father was killed in World War II, the family was left without a livelihood, and his six-year-old son was sent to work in the fields on a collective farm instead of school. Since then, in every generation, the start of the school year has been marred by an accident on the way to school. And this is not an accident. The feeling of resentment that great-grandfather A. experienced when he was sent to study instead of school hard work has become hereditary. It caused an unconscious sense of guilt in subsequent generations and the desire to punish themselves, as it were, for the opportunity to receive an education. Moreover, the following is especially striking in this situation: all accidents occur at the end of August, the beginning of September - the month when school starts

Something like that. But, let's not be sad, but let's go further and slowly figure everything out.

What are the transmission mechanisms of the "ancestor script"?

It is necessary to separate the two forms of transmission of "family scenarios".

First- this is inheritance from previous generations, based on personal communication (what we learned while communicating with parents, grandparents, which family values and installations they laid in us in the process of education). This form of transmission is largely based on verbal communication. And if from childhood the girl saw how her mother, grandmother (and great-grandmother too) lived according to the formula - “kitchen-husband-children”, then most likely her main asset will be: a Tefal frying pan, a Samsung vacuum cleaner, a couple of TV shows, homework in mathematics and the Russian and the "eternal" hope that all the same today "darling" will buy her flowers. And hardly for her professional self-realization will be a priority.

To recognize direct transmission signals, it is enough to analyze the most repeated phrases of your mother or grandmother. As the child was most often called in childhood - “Oh, my beauty!” (programming for an extraversive style of behavior), "Oh, my good girl!" (importance tab intellectual features), “you are our firstborn and favorite!” (programming for a leadership position) - etc. Moreover, very often the assessment and expectations of parents can radically diverge from the true personal characteristics of the child. In addition, it could often be said, something like “in our family it is not customary to get married before twenty-five years old” or “we are workers mental labor, there will never be artists and other comedians in our family "...

To move on to the second type of transmission, consider the following point.

Like most scenario moments, the “ancestral syndrome” refers to mechanisms that are unconscious to a person.

In 1978, two French psychoanalysts Nicolas Abraham and Maria Törek introduced such concepts as "crypt" and "ghost". The authors explained these phenomena as follows:

“A ghost is a formation of the ‘unconscious’. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that it has never been conscious (that is, we may not know that there is some secret, but our unconscious reads and perceives information that is a secret). "Ghost" is the result of a transfer from the unconscious parent to the unconscious child.

“Ghost” is the work in the unconscious of the “secret” of another, the presence of which cannot be admitted (incest, crime, bastard,…). It is not the dead that obsessively persecute, but the gaps that remain in us because of the secrets of others. Its manifestation, its persecution, is the return of the "ghost" to strange words and deeds, in symptoms and diseases. Thus, that which rests as a “living-dead” science of the mystery of the other is manifested and hidden.

A little powdered, now I'll try "shorter" and "Russian"! The unconscious is already present in the child when he is in the mother's womb. And in this unconscious, a certain area stands out (such as a “black box”) where a “secret” or “ghost” is laid, which later, throughout a person’s life, will periodically crawl out into the light.

And now let's talk about second transmission type!

Second type- transgenerational transmission. It occurs through several (sometimes very distant from each other) generations and is based on non-verbal language. To understand the mechanism of transgenerational transmission, it is necessary to delve into the essence of family non-verbal attitudes. For example, you may not know anything about your great-grandmother because neither your mother nor grandmother ever said anything about her. But the subconscious is much more attentive than you, it does not miss a single gesture-act that indirectly betrays the connection between any event and your relative. Suppose a great-grandmother was widowed at 31, a year after the birth of a child. And somehow she became the cause of the death of her husband and did not marry again. Of course, the details of the tragedy in the family are hushed up. And even your grandmother may not know what happened to her father. But exactly one year after your mother was born, she divorces her husband. And she doesn't get married again. Your mother in turn loses her husband - your father. Will it be surprising that you still have not found family happiness or have experienced unsuccessful relationships?

Ancestral settings may be different. But no matter how they sound, they always cause a high degree of trust in a person. After all, we hear them from early childhood and from the most significant people for us.

What else would you like to say. As in traditional scenario theory, here, too, there are several directions. I won't list them all. I'll give the following as an example.

"Replacing Child and Restoring Child"

“Inexplicable facts have also been noticed in cases where it is a question of a “substitute child”, that is, when a child is conceived to replace a recently deceased small child or relative. Often, a newborn is named after the deceased and/or is born on the anniversary of the death, although mourning has not been performed. If this deceased is not remembered and mourned, then the life of a substitute child does not pass in the most happy way ... "

Ann Anselin Schutzenberger

The "strong word" effect

“Without believing in a curse, one might think about the effect of a strong word accompanying a strong emotion, especially from an authority figure—a priest, a parent, a teacher. It is precisely because of the unconscious nature of the impact of what is said or predicted that I do not trust astrology, fortune-telling on cards, reading the lines on the hand, clairvoyance, since no one knows whether the predicted misfortune is sometimes realized precisely because of the strong word spoken, which in the minds of people leads to failure, death, an accident and thus makes them possible or predictable, thereby affecting the change in the body - space - time - the future (this, as it were, brings “automatic fulfillment of predictions” closer and, as it were, creates the stress of prophecy ). This is precisely what can be the evil eye, familiar to us from numerous fairy tales, legends, stories about sorcerers and the vicissitudes of fate. But from a negative prediction, stress can arise, similarly, the situation can improve with a favorable prediction and a positive outlook ... "

Ann Anselin Schutzenberger

"Anniversary Syndrome"

“The unconscious has a good memory, and we think it loves family ties and marks important events in the life cycle with the repetition of a date or age: this is the anniversary syndrome.

We have often observed that birth often occurs when, as it were, it is necessary to recall an important event in the family, sad or cheerful.

So many children are born as if in order to celebrate the anniversary (birthday or death) of the mother's mother (I deliberately say and write "mother's mother", and not grandmother, because for the unconscious it changes the meaning. It hears what is said. ), as if recalling the connection of the mother with her own mother (or father), about the same place of birth - as if there was an agreement between the unconscious mother and the preconscious of her unborn child that these dates of birth become significant.

Thus, it is often possible to decipher the meaning of premature or late birth in relation to an important family member - dead or alive ... "

Ann Anselin Schutzenberger

There are several other "scenarios of the past". But the main question is:

"What do we do with it now"?

I will give several options for working with this syndrome. Please note that this is just an example, as it is difficult to do this on your own.

1. If the family is a source of mental trauma, then many problems can be overcome by “plunging” into the history of family relationships and resolving the initial conflicts there. If our fate is connected with the history of the family, then it is possible to “replay” the events of the past, weakening the influence fatal circumstances. One can "meet" with one of the ancestors, clear things up with him, get permission or other message from him, using him as a resource. One of the techniques that solve such problems is the “parental interview”, borrowed from transactional analysis, which consists in the therapy of the parental ego state and the “clarification” of relations with the real parent. The psychodramatic "dialogue with an ancestor" is similar to a parental interview, but it has a different task - to weaken the pernicious psychological connection with the problems of ancestors, to separate one's own and other people's destinies, or, for example, to free oneself from the "curse of the family."

2. One form of work with early script decisions is the technique of "resolving therapy", which is well implemented with the help of psychodrama techniques. For this, there is an early childhood scene in which the child makes a scenario decision that becomes the basis for future scenario beliefs. This scene needs to be psychodramatically replayed, helping the "child" to make a new decision that "cancels" the old harmful script beliefs. With the help of such techniques, you can work with any scenario prohibitions. To overcome the prohibition “do not live”, for example, they “replay” the scene of a person’s birth, organizing the game in such a way that a person gets a new experience of being accepted by the world.

3. Many of our problems have a longer history and are related to the context of the history of the family. We receive messages from the depths of the race, among them there are positive (playing the role of our resources) and negative (creating unconstructive fears and restrictions). Some of the positive resource messages do not reach us by different reasons. Like parcels "on demand" they are waiting for their addressee. This is due to a broken communication system in the family system, when important information is hushed up, being forced out into the area of the generic unconscious. A very interesting method is the "reconstruction of the clan" - the synthesis of the methods of psychodrama and genosociogram, which allows you to work more fully with the clan system. With the help of the “recreated” kind, many therapeutic tasks can be solved, first of all, to receive powerful resource support from the ancestors, to accept initiation, to “take” the positive from the group unconscious and “give away” the negative, which can thus be realized. The psychodramatic conversation with a significant ancestor, which is part of this technique, should consist in strengthening the resources that he gives us, and at the same time separating our fate from his fate, in autonomizing our own life.

I agree, a lot is unclear. And it is for this purpose that I am launching a training seminar and a series of webinars. In addition, following the results of seminars and webinars, a contact group will be created, where I will help to sort out emerging issues.

In my opinion in psychological practice, whether it be individual or group work, the context in which a person lives now and in which he grew up and was brought up is of great importance, first of all, the circumstances of the life of his family and clan as a whole. Without this information psychological help may be incomplete and sometimes ineffective. As A.A. wrote Schutzenberger, if we treat the individual without addressing the family as a whole, if we do not understand that there are transgenerational repetitions, then we have not done anything meaningful in therapy. AT best case we can only get temporary relief". On the contrary, taking into account this important information provides new opportunities for psychological interventions, provides resources for solving many problems that are intractable without this context.

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Portal for the student. Self-training

Ann Anselin Schutzenberger Ancestral Syndrome. Transgenerational ties, family secrets, anniversary syndrome, trauma transmission, and the practical use of the genosociogram

Other ways to work with family history

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Bernard's genosociogram, 33 years old

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"I freed myself from my fear"

A. Schutzenberger. ancestral syndrome. Content

"Ancestral Syndrome": when the past of the family harms your present

"Failures" in family history

Name as identity

Feeling of orphanhood, lack of roots, connection with ancestors

How to get rid of ancestral syndrome

Ann Schutzenberger Ancestral Syndrome

Psychotherapist Semyonova L.F. Krasnodar

So what is it? Mystic? Evil spirits? Or something else out of this world?

There is such a definition of this phenomenon.

A small example, for buildup.

What are the transmission mechanisms of the "ancestor script"?

"What do we do with it now"?

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