When caring about external attractiveness, few pay attention to their voice and speech. But they, along with manners and appearance, form the opinion of others about a person, causing sympathy or hostility towards him.
They are always more willing to listen to that person who has a pleasant soft penetrating voice than to someone who speaks hoarsely, shrillly or nasally. A beautiful enduring voice is especially important for those people who, by virtue of their profession, have to talk a lot. No matter how useful and interesting the information they present, they will not be perceived by the listeners if the speakers communicate them in an inarticulate, monotonous, weak, inexpressive voice. Not everyone is lucky to have a melodic voice that is naturally beautiful in timbre, but everyone, if desired, with strong motivation and perseverance, both with the help of specialists and independently, can improve their voice, making it more harmonious and expressive.
A beautiful voice is distinguished by sonority, melodiousness, expressiveness, flexibility, richness of timbre coloring, wide range, clarity of pronunciation of words, low fatigue. Optimum is a voice of medium strength and height, since it can easily be lowered and raised, made quiet and loud.
It is uncomfortable to listen to a squeaky, nasal, hoarse, creaky, trembling, harsh, shrill, indistinct, monotonous, too loud or quiet voice.
In most cases, the reasons are not pleasant voice are bodily and psychological clamps, improper breathing, insufficient training of the vocal muscles, diction deficiencies, as well as ill health.
In order to correctly evaluate your voice, say some text, for example, read short story or retell the movie in your usual way of speaking, using a voice recorder or any other audio or video recording device, and then listen to the recording.
Most likely, your own voice will seem unrecognizable to you. This is due to the fact that the sound of our own voice reaches our ears not only from the outside, but also acts on the auditory organ from the inside, as a result we hear a combination of two voices: the first voice passes through the soft tissues of the face and bones of the skull, and the second, the one that everyone hears the rest is airborne. And sound in different environments is transmitted differently. This explains the discrepancy that is so surprising and in most cases causes dissatisfaction and rejection of your own voice when you hear it in the recording. For the same reason, a person hears himself differently from those around him, who perceive his speech exactly as it sounds on the recording. We ourselves hear our own voice much lower than it seems to others. Once again, carefully and critically listen to the recording of your voice and, taking into account your own subjective impressions of it, draw a conclusion about whether you need to work on your voice, and if necessary, what unpleasant qualities of it you would like to get rid of.
If you intend to improve the sound of your voice yourself, you must be prepared to spend several months of hard work until noticeable improvements appear. And the best assistant in this you will have some kind of sound recording device that will give you the opportunity to control the results of voice correction. The key to success is in short but regular sessions. You need to do it every day (best at the same time) for 20-30 minutes.
Work on improving the voice must begin with the development correct posture and control your breathing. Violations of posture lead to a violation of the function of the respiratory system. With good posture, the respiratory organs are located correctly, which allows the voice to be light and free.
There are many exercises designed to develop the correct posture. Start with the simplest ones.
- Stand with your back against a flat wall without skirting boards so that your heels, buttocks, shoulder blades and back of your head touch it. Keep your head straight: the chin line should be parallel to the floor. If in this position your palm freely passes between the wall and the lower back, then the posture is correct. Stay in this position for a minute and take 7 deep breaths (inhale through the nose, exhale through the mouth). Mentally imagining that the wall is stuck to your back and you are taking it with you, walk around the room - the longer the better.
- Put a thick book in a hard but not glossy cover on your head and walk around the room with this load, balancing with your hands. Try doing a few squats or dance steps without dropping the book. Try to do both exercises as often as possible.
- While walking, imagine that a thread is tied to your crown, for which someone is pulling you up, and two more threads are attached to your shoulders, slightly pulling them back. As a result, the chest will straighten, the back will become even, the stomach will tighten.
Correct speech breathing
The next stage is the development of the so-called. diaphragmatic breathing, which allows you to get a pleasant chest voice, to achieve its greater sonority and strength, to develop a clear and intelligible speech. With diaphragmatic breathing, inhalation and exhalation are performed as a result of contraction of the diaphragm - the longest muscle that separates the chest and abdominal cavities. Stretching lower part lungs, where oxygen usually does not enter, the diaphragm makes it possible to breathe, speak and sing, using the entire volume of the lungs. Diaphragmatic breathing creates necessary support sound, helps to distribute the exhalation into equal portions in order to increase the number of spoken words. In the process of breathing, the stomach should bulge out on inspiration, and not retract. Well-controlled speech breathing is distinguished by a short, silent inhalation and a long, economical, smooth, continuous exhalation. The ratio of the duration of inhalation and exhalation should be approximately 1:15 -1:20. The next breath should be taken as needed quickly and imperceptibly.
Learning to breathe with the help of the diaphragm helps, for example, such an exercise. Stand up straight, put your feet parallel and evenly distribute the load on them. Relax your arms, stomach and lower jaw. Bend your legs slightly at the knees. Raise your relaxed arms forward and up, take a short breath, then immediately throw your arms down while squatting slightly. At the same time, exhale, saying “Whoo!” (or "Wow!", "That's it!", "Finally!") just like you would when you've finished the hard work.
Once you have mastered the short exhalation, gradually lengthen it by speaking longer phrases more slowly while squatting deeper. Try to evenly distribute the volume of exhalation over the entire length of the phrase. You can pronounce, for example, such phrases: “The end is the crown of business”, “Business is time, fun is an hour”, “Slower you go - you will continue”, etc. During exhalation, the voice should sound as full as possible, without interruption.
You can master diaphragmatic breathing if you regularly pronounce on one exhalation, without getting air
, each stanza of the poem translated by S.Ya. Marshak “The House That Jack Built” or a tongue twister: “As on a hill, on a hillock, there were 33 Yegorkas. One Egorka, two Egorkas, three Egorkas, four Egorkas, five Egorkas ... ”etc. (I wonder how many Egorkas you get on one exhale?).
Of the various breathing exercises and techniques that exist to help achieve the desired sounding of the voice, it is especially useful to use the paradoxical breathing exercises of A.N. Strelnikova, which tones and trains the muscle groups involved in the formation of the voice.
You can strengthen your breathing and improve the sound of your voice by singing. respiratory system good for strengthening balloon inflation. To practice smooth exhalation, it is also recommended to use a harmonica. After taking a deep breath in the air, it is necessary to blow into it smoothly, with the same force so as to completely free the lungs. It will and breathing exercises, and massage of the larynx at the same time.
Attention! Should not be performed breathing exercises after meal.
In order to improve the sound of the voice, one must mainly develop its qualities such as strength, timbre and flexibility. Regular performance of exercises for the development of the voice at the same time gives a noticeable health effect positively affecting the respiratory and cardiovascular system, increasing the intensity metabolic processes, as well as the stability of the emotional and mental state.
To develop the power of the voice, you need to train the ability to smoothly change the dynamics of the sound from loud to quiet and from quiet to loud. The strength of the voice depends on the volume of breathing.
- Say one syllable louder, the other quieter: am-om um-um um-im.
- Say loudly-quietly-loudly the following interjections: "ay - ah - ah", "oh - oh - oh", "hey - hey - hey."
- Imitate the growl of a dog ("r"), the whistle of a steamer ("y"), the howl of the wind ("v"), the buzzing of a bee ("g"), the squeak of a mosquito ("z"), etc., making sounds quieter or louder depending on how far away the imaginary object is.
- Say the syllables with a singsong intonation in the form of a scale, that is, raising the tone of the voice as you move to each next syllable, then pronounce them in reverse order- from top to bottom: ma-mo-mu-me-we-mi.
Repeat each exercise three times, following the correct breathing technique.
The timbre of the voice depends most of all on the individual properties and structure vocal cords, the density of their closure, the volume and shape of the resonators and the trachea. The timbre is influenced by the movements of the muscles, pharynx, soft palate, lips, cheeks, tongue, mandible. It is impossible to change the natural timbre of the voice, but it is quite possible to enrich and ennoble it with the help of exercises, coloring it with overtones.
- Stand or sit with your back straight. Without raising or lowering your chin, stretch your neck as far forward as possible, stay in this position for a few seconds. Then, without throwing your head back and slightly lowering your chin, pull your neck back to the limit, stay in this position for several seconds. Until slight fatigue, make smooth movements of the neck forward - backward, while pronouncing the words "forward - backward."
- With your mouth open, stick your tongue as far forward and down to your chin as possible, then tilt your head down. Then lift your tongue up to your nose and at the same time lift your head up without throwing it back and stretching your neck as much as possible. Repeat the exercise several times.
- Take a deep breath. Exhaling, say one of the following words: “bomm”, “bimm”, “domm”, “donn”, “bonn”, “dimm”. Prolonging the last consonant, achieve vibration in the nose and upper lip.
- Take a deep breath. On one exhalation, first pronounce briefly and then draw out one of the syllables: mo-moo, mu-muu, mi-mi, me-mee.
- Stand up straight with your arms folded across your chest. Leaning forward, as you exhale, pronounce the vowels “u” and “o” for a long time and drawl. Then, as you exhale, chant following words: "milk", "flour", "eye", "window", "tin".
- Say the words “Galya” and “dove” one after another with a soft fricative (Ukrainian) “g”, while the first word must be pronounced without straining the throat, but assertively - so that the sound comes as if straight from the stomach, while the second word you have to sing it long. Repeat 8 times, recording on the recorder. A week later daily exercise make a new entry, comparing with the first.
- Within 1 minute, click your tongue, imitating the clatter of hooves, while changing the position of your lips from gathered into a tube to open in a wide smile. Note the change in color of clicking sounds depending on the width of the opening of the mouth. When performing the exercise, you can use the melody of any song.
- Open your mouth, pinch your nose with your fingers. Breathing through your mouth, read any text for 3-5 minutes.
- Lower your head, pressing your chin to your chest, as you exhale in a deep voice, say “o-o-o” or “o-o-o-o” as long as there is enough breath. On the upper part chest put your hand. You can lightly pat it with your palm. This will increase the vibration of the vocal cords and the strength of their vibrations. Exercise helps to improve the sound of chest, low sounds.
When speaking, a person can express joy, surprise, sympathy, a request, an order, a threat, contempt, etc. by the sound of his voice. The ability to consciously and easily change intonation in accordance with the content of what is being said is called the flexibility of the voice. Intonation is the "rises" and "descents" of the voice, which give speech expressiveness and emotional coloring. Intonation can both radically change the meaning of what was said, and enhance the impression of your speech.
It is appropriate to recall here the statement of Irakli Andronikov: “The simple word “hello” can be spoken maliciously, abruptly, affably, dryly, gloomily, affectionately, indifferently, ingratiatingly, arrogantly. This simple word can be pronounced in a thousand different ways.
In order for speech to be not monotonous, but bright and interesting for perception, it is necessary to enrich it with new intonation patterns with the help of simple exercises. To get started, try saying the words “yes” and “no” with different intonations (surprised, cheerful, uncertain, frightened, indignant, etc.).
Turn on the voice recorder and say the following phrases with the suggested intonation:
- "Clever! Well done!" (with delight, ironically, angrily).
- “I will never forget this” (with gratitude, with resentment, with admiration, with anger).
- "Did you understand me?" (benevolently, dryly, officially, with a threat).
- "I can't stay here" (regretfully, significantly, offendedly, uncertainly, resolutely).
Listen to the recording. Analyze if you managed to transfer the right emotions with intonation? For this exercise, you can use any other statements.
- Read aloud a poem or a short passage from a play several times, choosing new intonations with each new reading.
- Guided by the principle of "listen - hear - reproduce", listen carefully to how radio and TV presenters or artists speak, analyze with what intonation they pronounce this or that text, and repeat it after them.
To make your speech more expressive, try to mentally imagine what you are talking about, but avoid unnaturalness and theatricality.
Exercises to improve diction
It is very difficult to listen to a person even with a pleasant voice, but slurred speech: you either have to ignore part of what he says, or ask again many times. That is why clear and precise diction - required condition good speech. The most common diction flaws are too hasty “crumpled” speech, careless, illegible pronunciation of sounds, swallowing the endings of words, speech “through teeth”, etc.
Shackled, clamped or sluggish articulatory organs (lower jaw, tongue, lips, pharynx, larynx) cause an unclear, blurred pronunciation of sounds. Including stressed vowels, in which the quality of the voice is largely manifested. For this reason, voice improvement exercises should be complemented by exercises to eliminate diction defects. It should be noted, however, that it is necessary to correct such shortcomings in diction as burr, lisp and nasality with the help of a speech therapist. But it is quite possible to get rid of "porridge in the mouth" on your own. For this you need
* fulfill articulation gymnastics , controlling the correctness of the movements with the help of a mirror:
- Slowly and gently move your lower jaw to the left and right, forward and backward. Finish the exercise with circular movements of the jaw.
- Tightly clenching your teeth, stretch your lips in a smile, then pull them out with a tube, repeat 5 times, ending with a smile.
- Inflate your cheeks as much as possible, then release the air sharply. After that, inflate and retract your cheeks without releasing the air from your mouth. Repeat this several times.
- Sticking out your tongue, move it to the left, right, up, down, describe circles to them from left to right, then from right to left, then describe eights or other numbers to them.
Choose five simple tongue twisters, first pronounce them slowly, exaggeratingly clearly pronouncing all vowels and consonants, then gradually speed up the pace. When you read them easily and freely, choose the next five, more difficult, etc. Record exercises with tongue twisters on a voice recorder to notice and quickly correct speech flaws, as well as make adjustments in the process.
Without opening your mouth, perform all the necessary movements with your larynx and tongue, as in the usual pronunciation of sounds. The result will be lowing, not similar to spoken sounds. Don't be embarrassed, that's the way it should be. If within 5-10 minutes you pronounce with closed mouth some phrase, then after a while you realize that it is understandable to others. This is a difficult but very effective exercise.
The exercises in this article are only initial stage voice work. But if they are performed regularly, then they are not even very beautiful and weak voice can be developed, strengthened and made euphonious and expressive.
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When caring about external attractiveness, few pay attention to their voice and speech. But they, along with manners and appearance, form the opinion of others about a person, causing sympathy or hostility towards him. They are always more willing to listen to that person who has a pleasant soft penetrating voice than to someone who speaks hoarsely, shrillly or nasally. Beautiful enduring voice especially […]
Remarkable finds. I found the exercises described in words: both for diction, and for the muscles of the tongue, and for developing the correct speech breathing!!!
There are many letters, and each is useful.
Although the materials of this article are devoted to the importance of voice and diction when reading affirmations, both of these parameters have independent meaning, so mastering the techniques described in this article will be useful to you, regardless of your intention to engage in affirmations. As you know, the impressions of people from communicating with each other are 55 percent based on body language, 38 percent on the timbre of voice and diction, and only 7 percent on the words they pronounce, so the problem good voice for a person is extremely relevant, since it determines almost 40 percent of his life success.
a list of the most common definitions of an unpleasant voice that interferes in life and which will not allow you to make good affirmations:
- nasal;
- sharp;
- creaky;
- hoarse;
- trembling;
- high timbre (squeaky);
- piercing;
- whiny;
- with shortness of breath;
- timid;
- jerky;
- too loud;
- weak, inaudible;
- colorless;
- pompous;
- sarcastic;
- insecure;
- monotonous;
- tense;
- boring.
And here are the characteristics of a voice that promotes your self-realization and is great for affirmations:
- nice;
- vibrating;
- calm;
- well modulated;
- low timbre;
- trust;
- warm;
- melodic;
- caring;
- confident;
- domineering;
- friendly;
- well intoned;
- expressive;
- natural;
- sonorous.
Exercises for the development of correct speech breathing.
1. Choose a comfortable position (lying, sitting, standing), put one hand on the stomach, the other on the side of the lower chest. Take a deep breath through the nose (while the stomach sticks out forward, and the lower part of the chest expands, which is controlled by both hands). After inhalation, immediately make a free, smooth exhalation (the abdomen and lower chest take their previous position).
2. Take a short, calm breath through the nose, hold the air in the lungs for 2-3 seconds, then make a long, smooth exhalation through the mouth.
3. Take a short breath while open mouth and on a smooth, long exhalation, say one of the vowels (a, o, y, and, e, s).
4. Say several sounds smoothly on one exhale:
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
5. Count on one exhalation to 3-5 (one, two, three...), trying to gradually increase the count to 10-15. Watch for smooth exhalation. Count down (ten, nine, eight...).
6. Read proverbs, sayings, tongue twisters in one breath. Be sure to follow the setup given in the first exercise.
A drop and a stone hollow.
Right hand build - break with the left.
Whoever lied yesterday will not be believed tomorrow.
On the bench outside the house, Toma sobbed all day.
Do not spit in the well - you will need water to drink.
There is grass in the yard, firewood on the grass: one firewood, two firewood - do not cut firewood on the grass of the yard.
Thirty-three Egorkas lived on a hillock near a hill: one Egorka, two Egorkas, three Egorkas...
I wonder how many Egoroks you get on one exhale?
7. Read Russian folk tale"Turnip" with the correct reproduction of inspiration during pauses.
Turnip.
Grandfather planted a turnip. A large turnip has grown.
Grandfather went to pick a turnip. Pulls, pulls, can't pull.
Grandpa called grandma. Grandmother pulls grandfather, grandfather pulls a turnip, they pull, they pull, they can’t pull it out!
The grandmother called her granddaughter. Granddaughter for grandmother, grandmother for grandfather, grandfather for turnip, they pull, pull, they can’t pull it out!
Granddaughter called Zhuchka. A bug for a granddaughter, a granddaughter for a grandmother, a grandmother for a grandfather, a grandfather for a turnip, they pull, pull, they can’t pull it out!
Bug called the cat. A cat for a bug, a bug for a granddaughter, a granddaughter for a grandmother, a grandmother for a grandfather, a grandfather for a turnip, they pull, pull, they can’t pull it out!
The cat called the mouse. A mouse for a cat, a cat for a bug, a bug for a granddaughter, a granddaughter for a grandmother, a grandmother for a grandfather, a grandfather for a turnip, they pull, they pull - they pulled a turnip!
All subsequent exercises given in this article are designed to be performed taking into account the described technique of speech breathing.
Psychological exercises for voice development.
You can develop your voice with these exercises in the same way that you develop muscles with physical education. As a result, the timbre of your voice will change, your voice will develop and become lower and more harmonious, its range will expand, the pronunciation will become clearer, the modulations will be more expressive, and the expressiveness will be more convincing. An additional effect of the exercises will be expressed in the activation of your strength. It is best to do these exercises regularly, and in the morning, because it will energize you for the whole day. Not only will you develop a more pleasant voice, but your overall well-being will improve a lot. As your voice develops, so will your personality.
1. Stand in front of a mirror. Exhale, then inhale, and repeat each sound until you have enough breath. So take a breath and get started:
iiiiiiiiiiii
eeeeeeeeeeee
aaaaaaaaa
oooooooooo
uuuuuuuuuu
This sequence is not random, you start with the highest frequency sound - "and". If you put your palm on your head, you will feel a slight vibration of the skin. This is evidence of more intensive blood circulation. Pronouncing the sound "e" activates the neck and throat area, you can feel it by placing your hands on your neck. Pronouncing the sound "a" has a beneficial effect on the chest area. When pronouncing the sound "o", the blood supply to the heart increases, and the exercise with the sound "y" has a positive effect on the lower abdomen. Speak slowly one after the other all the sounds three times. If you want the timbre of the voice to be lower, and the voice to be deeper and more expressive, then repeatedly say the sound "u" during the day.
2. Now you need to activate the chest and abdomen, and for this you need to pronounce the sound "m" with your mouth closed. Do exercises for the sound "m" three times. Once very quietly, the second time - louder and the third time - as loud as possible, so that the vocal cords tighten. Putting your palm on your stomach, you will feel a strong vibration.
Special attention the sound "r" should be given, as it helps to improve pronunciation and gives the voice strength and energy. In order to relax the tongue, carry out preliminary preparation: lift the tip of the tongue to the sky behind the front upper teeth and "growl" like a tractor. So, exhale, then inhale and begin to "growl": "rrrr." After that, expressively and emotionally with an emphasized rolling "r" say the following words:
role steering wheel ring ruble rhythm rice carpet cook fence cheese goods grass wing lilac frost etc.
3. "Tarzan's exercise" in addition to the method of voice development is a prophylactic against colds and myocardial infarction. Stand up straight, exhale, then inhale deeply. Clench your hands into fists. Loudly pronounce the sounds "eeeeeeee" and at the same time beat yourself on the chest with your fists, as Tarzan did in the famous movie.
Now do the same exercise with sounds:
eeeeeeeeeeee
aaaaaaaaa
oooooooooo
uuuuuuuuuu
At the end of the exercise, you will notice how your bronchi are cleared of mucus, how your breathing becomes free, how you are charged with energy. Clear your throat, get rid of everything you don't need! This exercise should be performed only in the morning, as it has an exciting and activating effect.
4. Indian yogis are known for their deep beautiful voice, which is achieved using this simple exercise.
Stand up straight and put your feet shoulder-width apart, take a few calm breaths in and out, then draw air into your stomach and take one sharp breath, accompanied by the sound "Ha-a". The exhalation should be full, and the sound as loud as possible (echoes in neighboring houses). In this case, you can slightly bend the body forward.
After several weeks of training according to the proposed method, compare your current voice with the previous one that you recorded on the recorder, and you will see that the timbre of your voice has changed, and your voice as a whole has improved significantly, because now it has gained greater suggestive power, which means that the outgoing from you, the charismatic radiation became more intense, you began to speak more convincingly and more strongly influence the world around you.
As a result of such training and the implementation of the described exercises, not only your voice, but also your thoughts become calmer and deeper. The deeper and lower the voice, the deeper it settles in the mind, the greater impression produce spoken words, and because of this, you begin to speak not just differently, but much better. Due to this, everything that worries and worries you recedes, and then completely disappears. Therefore, never stop working on your voice and then you will never stop working on your personality.
Work on diction.
Diction is understood as a clear, distinct and distinct pronunciation of all sounds. mother tongue with their correct articulation with a clear and intelligible pronunciation of words and phrases. A clear and precise pronunciation of words is ensured by the correct articulation of each sound, and, above all, the ability to open the mouth freely and wide enough in the process of speech, because with a poorly opened mouth, sounds are pronounced as if through teeth.
Articulation is also controlled at a subconscious level, like voice formation, so it is advisable first of all to understand the reasons why you have poor diction and reprogram them with the techniques you already know. The situation for reprogramming can be formulated something like this: "I have poor diction", "I speak indistinctly", "I burr", "I incorrectly pronounce (can not pronounce) the sound "L" (sounds "P", "Z", "S", "F" or others according to your feelings.)". The reasons for poor diction are most often self-deprecating thoughts like "My business is to keep quiet" or "There are no Cicerons in my family", which are reprogrammed quite simply.
After reprogramming the subconscious, diction, as a rule, improves significantly, and for further development mobility of the muscles of the lower jaw, the ability to open the mouth wide enough in the process of speech, special exercises are used.
Exercises for the development of mobility of the lower jaw.
1. Freely lower the lower jaw until there is a gap of two fingers between the teeth.
2. Silently, lingering (on one exhale), say the vowel sounds:
aaaaaaaaaaaa
yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy (two fingers apart);
oooooooooooooo
ёёёёёёёёёёё (the distance between the teeth in one finger);
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii (mouth slightly open).
4. Pronounce several vowels in one exhalation in a continuous and drawn-out manner:
aaaaaeeeeee
aaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaa
iiiiiaaaaa
ooooh
aaaaaaaaa
iiiiieeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
Make sure that when pronouncing sounds, the opening of the mouth is sufficiently complete.
5. Say proverbs, sayings, tongue twisters that are saturated with vowel sounds that require a wide opening of the mouth. For example:
Mal, yes removed.
Two of a Kind.
Found a scythe on a stone.
Know the edge, don't fall.
What is the fisherman, such is the fish.
A rolling stone gathers no moss.
The snake is stingy, the hedgehog has a hedgehog.
6. Read the poem, clearly pronouncing the sounds a, i:
Already the sky was breathing in autumn,
The sun shone less
The day was getting shorter
Forests mysterious canopy
With a sad noise she was naked,
Fog fell on the fields
Noisy geese caravan
Stretched to the south: approaching
Pretty boring time;
November was already at the yard ...
A. Pushkin
In the process of doing the exercises, make sure that the lower jaw falls freely down, first pronounce vowel sounds a little underlined.
Exercises for the development of lip mobility.
With lethargy and insufficient mobility of the lips, the clarity and clarity of pronunciation of many vowels and consonants suffers. So, to pronounce the sounds u, u, you need to stretch your lips forward with a tube, for the sounds o, e, round your lips, and for the sounds s, z, stretch your lips in a smile. For the development of the lips, it is useful to use the following exercises:
1. Stretch your lips into a smile without exposing your teeth.
2. Stretch your lips into a bare-toothed smile with your mouth closed.
3. Pull tightly closed lips forward (as with a whistle).
4. Pull your lips forward in a tube shape.
5. Alternate between stretching your lips into a tube with stretching them in a smile.
6. Raise upper lip, exposing upper teeth, then lower your bottom lip, exposing your bottom teeth.
7. Draw out the vowel sounds (at first without a voice, but with emphasized articulation, then with a voice):
iiiiii (lips stretched in a smile);
oooooo (oval lips);
uuuuuu (lips with a tube).
8. Say consonant sounds (first silently, then with a voice):
ssssss, zzzzzz (lips stretched in a smile);
shshshshshsh, zhzhzhzhzhzhzh (lips are extended forward with an oval).
9. Pronounce several sounds in one exhalation together and lingeringly:
iiiiuuuu (lips are first stretched, then take the form of a tube);
uuuuuiii (lips from the shape of a tube turn into the shape of a smile);
ooooooiiiiii (rounded, tubule, smile);
ahhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
sssssshshshshsh (when pronouncing a sound from the lips are stretched, when pronouncing w are stretched forward);
zzzzzzzhzhzhzhzh (when pronouncing z, stretch your lips, when pronouncing w, pull forward).
10. With tightly closed lips, form an explosion when pronouncing sounds p, b (dad, woman, bagel, cereal, drum, stick).
11. Fix the clarity and clarity of the pronunciation of sounds in the words willow, game, iron, lesson, scrap, perch, donkey, spinning top, lawyer, south, hedgehog, tree, Irina, institute, incubator, emerald, shelter, snail, rod, sensation, optometrist, equipment, juice, lock, wheel, hat, school, beetle, belly, drying, sun, iron, folder, drum, broom, bicycle, apron, sweatshirt, jacket.
When pronouncing words, watch the position of the lips in front of the mirror.
12. Read proverbs, sayings, tongue twisters. Watch for the correct position of the lips, for the clarity and clarity of the pronunciation of words and phrases.
Stand up for each other and win the fight.
You will learn from the smart, you will unlearn from the stupid.
Cabbage loves water and good weather.
A wasp does not have a mustache, do not have a mustache, but a mustache.
Wolves roam, looking for food.
The tree has needles.
13. Read the story aloud and make sure that the lips take Active participation in the pronunciation of sounds and words.
Bells.
I really love these simple flowers- funny bells. You will come out of the forest to an unmowed meadow overgrown with tall grass and you will gasp with joy - there are so many different flowers flaunting, similar to a festive round dance. Throughout the green meadow, daisies turn white, dandelions turn yellow, mouse peas bloom. And above all, all the more fun - purple bells. From the light breath of the warm summer wind, they sway, bow, bells ring inaudibly, joyfully welcoming the guest. All summer they bloom, the bells ring inaudibly, the familiar and lovely flowers of our meadows and forests.
Exercises for the development of the muscles of the tongue.
Language takes an active part in the formation of most speech sounds. The intelligibility of speech largely depends on his work. Particular difficulties arise when pronouncing words with a confluence of consonants, when it is necessary to quickly switch the movement of the tongue from one position to another. To strengthen the muscles of the tongue, improve its mobility and switchability, before using exercises in pronouncing sounds, words and phrases with a consonant confluence, clearly work out the following movements.
1. Stick your tongue out and move it to the left, right, up, down.
2. Stick your tongue out and make circular motions from left to right, then vice versa - from right to left.
3. With an open mouth and a slightly protruding tongue, make it wide, narrow, cup (the tip and side edges are slightly raised).
4. With a slightly raised tense tip of the tongue, “brush” the upper teeth from the outer and inside, in the direction from the inside of the teeth to the outside and vice versa.
Control the correctness of the movements carried out with the help of a mirror. Make sure that all movements of the tongue are performed easily and freely, without much tension.
Exercises in the clarity of pronouncing consonant sounds in syllables.
Read the syllables:
1. pa, po, pu, py, pe, pya, pyo, pyu, pi, pe, ta, then, tu, you, te, cha, cho, tu, ti, those, sa, so, su, sy, se, sya, sho, syu, si, se, zha, zho, zhu, zhi, same;
2. an, op, yp, yp, ep, at, from, ut, yt, et, as, os, mustache, ys, es, ash, osh, ush, ish, esh
Exercises in the clarity of pronunciation of words with a confluence of consonants.
Read aloud words with a confluence of two, three and four consonants: entrance, invest, baggage, tourist, map, flowerbed, service, tail, brush away, think, collect, roach, stamp, pimple, snobby, platoon, swim, weave, set , move, spark, feed, canvas, look, grotesque, milk mushroom, cover, instant, smooth, tetanus, smooth, tetanus, trunk, hawk, fires, sprats, emerge, open, health resort, fight, meet, overseer, uniform, ostrostka , metro builder, colander, wandering, transcription.
Exercises in the clarity and clarity of pronouncing sounds and words in phrasal speech.
To practice the clarity and clarity of pronunciation of consonant sounds and words, it is useful to use tongue twisters that are built on a combination of consonant sounds that are difficult to pronounce. Reading tongue twisters should begin in slow motion, while clearly pronouncing each word and each sound. Gradually speed up the pace, but make sure that the clarity and clarity of pronunciation does not decrease.
Prokhor and Pahom rode on horseback.
The jackdaw sat on a stick, the stick hit the jackdaw.
From the clatter of hooves, dust flies across the field.
The bull's lip was blunt.
The water carrier was carrying water from the tap.
Fenya has a jersey, Fai has shoes.
On seven sledges, seven in each sleigh sat themselves.
The chick of the chick clung tenaciously to the chain.
Prokop came - the dill was boiling. Prokop left - dill boiled. Just as dill boiled under Prokop, so dill boiled without Prokop.
Mother Romasha gave whey from yogurt.
The bee buzzed, the spider buzzed.
Scales at the pike, bristles at the pig.
The cap is not sewn in the style of a cap, the cap would be recapped, but recapped.
There is grass in the yard, firewood on the grass: one firewood, two firewood - do not cut firewood on the grass of the yard.
The ships tacked, tacked, but did not catch.
You can’t re-speak all tongue twisters, you can’t re-speak all tongue twisters.
Say small tongue twisters on one exhale. Observe the smoothness and continuity of their pronunciation.
Further consolidation of good diction is carried out by reading aloud poetic and prose texts. At the same time, at first, it is necessary to continue to monitor the work of the lips, tongue, lower jaw, for the distinct pronunciation of vowel sounds (stressed and unstressed), for the clear pronunciation of consonants, but not to allow their pronunciation to be reinforced or emphasized.
Each exercise is practiced until it is performed easily and freely, without much effort.
When working on diction, it is necessary to take into account correct use speech breathing and voice. So, when pronouncing tongue twisters, it is necessary to correctly convey their content, it is appropriate to pause, and to get air in a timely manner.
Classes to develop good diction are held daily for 10-15 minutes. The transition to the next exercise is carried out only after the previous one has been sufficiently clearly worked out.
The wisest men of all time have given great importance to:
Hazrat Inayat Khan, an Indian musician and philosopher, believed that by knowing the secret of sound, one can know.
In my opinion, the voice is an even more frank mirror of the soul than the eyes. Eyes can be taken aside, hidden behind dark glasses, and the voice, if you do not own it, will tell about all personality problems: it will reflect inner reality man in all colors. For example:
- You raise your voice unnecessarily - it means you are worried and losing control of yourself;
- The pace of speech accelerates - uncertainty;
- You interrupt and try to answer without listening to the end of the question - you are annoyed.
But if we own it powerful tool, then with its help we can harmonize our inner world(gain confidence and calmness), which means creating our reality.
After all, the voice is ours business card. Special exercises for voice training , will teach you to speak beautifully, confidently and freely. Your opinion will always be listened to, and in your address you will never hear: "It would be better if he did not open his mouth."
Do you need to work on your voice
- Reading with a pencil.
We hold a pencil or wine cork between the front teeth. At the same time, the mouth is ajar, the tongue does not touch the cork (pencil), the teeth are bared. We pronounce those sounds, during the pronunciation of which the lips do not turn on in movement: k, g, g, k, d, n, n, l, l, d, d. Next, we combine them with vowels.
We take any book and read aloud a few pages in this uncomfortable position. It needs to be repeated daily. Positive effect noticed quickly.
- K T P (six different combinations) + vowel sounds S O E I A U.
For example: we quickly repeat kpti-kpte-ktpo-ktpa-ktpo-ktpu-ktpy, then ktpi-ktpe-ktpa-ktpo-ktpu-ktpy and so on combining with different vowels (ktpi-…, kpti-…, tpki-…, birds-…).
We perform the same actions for the consonants B G D, Zh R L, M R L in combination with the sounds of the vowels Y O E AND A U.
- Write down those sounds that are difficult for you to pronounce(for example, r, c, l). Make up sentences with words in which these sounds are repeated often. Repeat these suggestions daily.
- Say the vowels first silently and then with a voice: iiiiii, yoyoyoyo, ooooh, yayyyyy, aaaaa. The mouth should be open wide, the jaw drops freely.
- Read your favorite poems, pronouncing and pressing on the sounds of yayayay, aaaaa, iiii, eeee, yoyoyoyo.
- Speak tongue twisters: first - slowly, then - quickly, clearly and rhythmically:
Oriental Duck
The Ligurian traffic controller regulated in Liguria.
Redstart-gory-tailed redstarted redstart cubs.
The avocet-avocet has bobbed the avocets.
And I don't feel sick.
Brit Klim-brother, Brit Gleb-brother, brother Ignat - bearded.
The pike tries in vain to infringe on the bream.
He did not carry, but he conveyed to us.
The nervous constitutionalist was found acclimatized in Constantinople.
A heron is carrying a pig with a pike on a sled.
A large pile will not bore you.
Rhododendrons from the arboretum.
Now this, then the other, then this, then the other, then the woodpecker seems to be an Egyptian god there.
- Grandma's method: take in the mouth walnuts and talk, read aloud for 20 minutes every day. Remember the film "I am the most charming and attractive" with Irina Muravyova in leading role. There she developed her speech in the same way. The main thing - you need to pronounce the syllables clearly.
lower jaw training
You should practice in front of a mirror, only the articulatory organs should participate in the exercises, and the forehead, nose and eyes should be motionless. Do the exercises smoothly and slowly.
- We lower the lower jaw by two fingers and hold it in this position, counting to five. Mouth slowly close.
- We lower the lower jaw and slowly move it to the left and right.
- We lower the lower jaw and slowly push it forward and return it to its original position.
We train the muscles of the tongue
A sedentary and sluggish tongue often leads to a loss of speech intelligibility, it becomes blurred and slurred.
- Roll up your tongue.
- Stick your tongue out of your mouth as far as you can and move it left, right, down and up.
- Lick everything inside your mouth with your tongue, as if cleaning, penetrating into the farthest corners.
- Click your tongue, pressing it firmly against the sky and then sharply lowering it.
- Perform all these exercises with high quality, but without undue stress.
Lip training
- In the initial position, the mouth is closed, the muscles of the lower jaw are relaxed. Alternately raise and lower the upper and lower lips, while the gums are not visible, and the muscles of the face are calm.
- Pull the corners of your mouth to the sides, and then pull your lips forward with a tube. First imitate, then pronounce the sounds y - and.
- Repeat the combinations of labial consonants bm, mb, mp, pm and labio-dental mv, em, vb, bv, etc.
- Massage the lips: with the lower teeth, the upper one, and the upper teeth, the lower one.
- Stretch your lips with a tube and move left and right.
Throat muscle training
- First mentally, then in a whisper, then aloud alternately pronounce the sounds “and”, “y”. Repeat at least 10-15 times.
This exercise develops the mobility of the larynx: pronouncing the vowel sounds "and" the larynx takes the most high position, and the "y" phonation lowers it to its lowest position.
- Teeth closed, suck in air.
- Lips stretched forward, suck in air.
- Simulate chewing movements with your mouth open and closed - during the exercise, the muscles of the larynx, soft palate, pharynx, lips and tongue are vigorously contracted.
We develop sonority and flight voice
We train the upper resonators:
- While sitting or standing, take a short breath through your nose. At the same time, with your mouth closed and without tension, say "n" or "m" with an interrogative intonation. Try to feel the vibration in the area of the upper lip and nose.
- Take a deep breath. Breathing out, say "bonn", "donn" or "bimm". Speak the last consonant lingeringly, achieve a sensation of vibration in the area of the upper lip and nose.
- Inhale deeply. Exhaling, pronounce the syllables “momm”, “mimm”, “ninn”, “nunn”, “nann”, etc.
- Take a deep breath. As you exhale, first say briefly, and then draw out any of open syllables: moo-muu, mi-mii, mo-moo, but-noo, ni-nii, etc.
Training the lower resonators(vowels "y" and "o" pronounce drawlingly and most low):
- In a standing position, place your hand on your chest. Make a yawn with your mouth closed, fix the larynx in the lower position. Exhaling, say "y" or "o", try to feel the vibration of the chest. If it doesn’t work, you can artificially cause vibration by lightly tapping your hand on the sternum.
- In a standing position, place your hands on your chest. Leaning forward, exhale and pronounce long and drawn out vowels "y", "and".
- Standing position, hands on chest. Breathe out "window", "eye", "tin", "flour" or "milk".
To conclude this article, let me quote the words of Hazrat Inayat Khan:
The one who controls himself is free.
Choice free man- unlimited.
Content:
Many people owe their success to their own voice. His timbre is as important to us as appearance, image and behavior. Sufficient time should be devoted to the development of the voice, because this is the tool with which we convey our thoughts to others. Mutual understanding between us and people depends on our voice and speech data. A well-trained voice makes speech clear and pleasant for others, helps to make a first impression, can help convince a person that we are right, win him over to our side.
Do you like your voice?
It has long been established that people's impressions of communicating with each other are based on body language (54 percent), 37 percent are given to the timbre of the voice and diction of speech, and only 6 percent of the words they pronounce. Therefore, the problem of a good voice for a person is extremely relevant, since it determines about 35 percent of his success in life.
In other words, your voice should help fate and career, not spoil them. It doesn't matter who you are: a politician or an actor. Each of us has to talk to people in order to get the reaction we need from them. We are interested in being listened to and understood, in order for our words to work, to reach another person. And in case of pronunciation positive statements or affirmations, so that they reach us.
Your voice instrument belongs only to you, and only you can use it. If possible, record your voice on a voice recorder and listen to it. Did you like it? Does it suit you? Or did you exclaim: “Is this voice mine?” After you understand what is involved in the formation of voice, you can develop your own ways to improve it.
It is created in the depths of our body, and not just in the vocal cords. Diaphragmatic breathing supports the vocal process, the larynx pushes air through the resonators, and the organs of articulation allow us to pronounce sounds and words. These processes are controlled by the subconscious, reflecting with your voice your entire essence and the state in which you are in this moment are.
For example:
Anxiety makes you lose control of yourself - your tone of voice rises
A fast pace of speech indicates your lack of self-confidence.
you answer early question asked- you make excuses or are annoyed by something
Picking up the phone, you start to walk aimlessly around the room - you are worried or embarrassed
If you sit comfortably in your chair or pause before answering the phone, then you are calm and confident.
There are vowel sounds that affect various organs person.
For example:
a-a-a, i-i-i - cause vibrations in the head
uh-uh - in the glands and in the brain
woo - in the throat, larynx
mmm - in the lungs
o-o-o - in the middle of the chest
su-su-su - in the lower part of the lungs
o-o-o - in the diaphragm
How do you know if you need to develop your voice? Here are some signals that indicate this:
Often people ask you to repeat what you said to them.
Do you have a fear of public speaking
You have a noticeable accent
Feel how tired your throat is after a twelve-minute conversation
You have to explain to the audience what you are doing high position because in your speech they don't feel it
Forget the following adjectives that will interfere with your life because of an unpleasant voice:
Monotone
creaky
Nasal
burry
squeaky
trembling
whiny
Uncertain
Sarcastic
Too loud
With shortness of breath
Replace them with the following, well suited for affirmations:
Confident
Nice
Beautiful
Calm
Confidential
Friendly
Expressive
Melodic
overbearing
Natural
Caring
After listening to your voice on the recorder, you will understand for yourself whether you should work on your voice. If the answer is yes, then in what direction? Remembering that the process of voice formation is controlled at a subconscious level, it becomes obvious: a bad voice is primarily your situation, which can be “treated” by reprogramming the subconscious. And to formulate a situation for reprogramming is extremely simple: "I have a boring voice (monotone, raspy, nasal, etc.)". In this case, the subconscious mind will show you the reasons why it generates just such a voice. Most often, thoughts arise about arrogance or pride (loud and harsh voice - “nothing to communicate with jesters!”) Or because of low self-esteem (quiet, weak voice - “I am unworthy, sick, weak, insignificant, etc.) . But other options are quite possible. After reprogramming the subconscious mind, you will know the positive intention, which is usually very positive. Something like “do not waste time and energy on those who still do not understand this (for arrogance and pride) or “save yourself from unnecessary problems” (in other cases).
After the process of "flashing" the subconscious, your voice may change so much that no improvement is required. But if you want to give a certain timbre, increase its strength, or something else, then you should do exercises to develop your voice. It is best to start with the correct speech breathing, which will provide optimal sound production and melodiousness of speech.
Exercises for setting speech breathing
1. Choose a position that is comfortable for you, put one hand on your stomach, the other on the lower part of the chest on the side. Inhale deeply through the nose (the stomach should bulge forward and the lower part of the chest should expand). Immediately after inhaling, exhale smoothly (the abdomen and lower chest return to their original position).
2. Take a short and calm breath through the nose, holding the air in the lungs for 3-4 seconds. After that, make a smooth and long exhalation through the mouth.
3. Take a short breath (while your mouth is open) and on a smooth long exhale, say one of the vowels (u, a, o, s, i, e).
4. Smoothly pronounce several sounds on one exhalation:
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaayyyyy
5. Buzz
Stand up and loudly “buzz” the vowels 3 times: “A”, “E”, “I”, “O”, “U”. In doing so, please note:
- Notice where the sound is born, how it moves within you.
- When you hum, do not exhale the air completely. Stop buzzing when there is still 20-22% of air left inside the lungs. This will make it easy for you to catch your breath.
- Try to sympathize with the vibrations that arise in chest when buzzing.
- Relax your body as much as possible: shoulders, neck, back, arms, legs, stomach…
If you can't hum out loud, try doing it silently. You will notice that when you open your mouth slightly and start humming without sound, the same muscles that work when you hum in full voice are tensed by 85%.
7. Read tongue twisters, proverbs, sayings on one exhale. Be sure to pay attention to the instructions in the first exercise.
There is grass in the yard, firewood on the grass: one firewood, two firewood - do not cut firewood on the grass of the yard.
On the bench outside the house, Toma sobbed all day.
Building with the right hand, breaking with the left.
Live not as you want, but as God commands.
There is time to cry, eat and have fun
Thirty-three Egorkas lived on a hillock near a hill: one Egorka, two Egorkas, three Egorkas...
Psychological exercises for the development of voice, working out euphony
You can develop your voice in the same way as, for example, develop muscles when playing sports. As a result, your timbre will change, your voice will become harmonious, its range will expand, and your pronunciation will become more distinct. We recommend doing these exercises daily, in the morning. This will energize you for the rest of the day. In addition to a beautiful and pleasant voice, you will feel much better.
1. Exhale, then inhale and pronounce each sound for as long as you can breathe. Breathe in and start:
iiiiiiiiiiii
eeeeeeeeeeee
aaaaaaaaa
oooooooooo
uuuuuuuuuu
The sounds are given in such a sequence not by chance. You start with the sound "and" - it has the most high frequency. If you put your hand on your head, you will feel a slight vibration. This indicates more intensive blood circulation.
With the sound "e" the throat and neck area is activated. You can also feel it - put your hands on these areas.
Pronouncing the sound "a" has a beneficial effect on the chest area.
By pronouncing the sound "o", you increase the blood supply to the heart.
And the exercise with the sound "y" has a beneficial effect on the lower abdomen.
Slowly pronounce all the sounds one after the other four times. If you want the timbre of your voice to become lower, and your voice more expressive and deep, then repeatedly pronounce the sound “u” during the day.
2. Now you should activate the chest and abdomen. To do this, you need to pronounce the sound "m" with your mouth closed. Do exercises for the sound "m" three or four times. The first time very quietly, the second time - louder, the third and fourth time - as loud as possible. If you put your palm on your stomach, you will feel a strong vibration.
Particular attention should be paid to the sound "p", as it improves pronunciation and gives voice strength. In order to relax the tongue, do a preliminary preparation: raise the tip of the tongue to the sky behind the front upper teeth and “growl” like a tiger. So, exhale, then inhale and start "roaring". Then expressively and loudly say the following words:
Radio, roll, racket, role, piano, lynx, carpet, pressure, trail, reed, etc.
3. Pronounce the syllables long and smoothly:
mi, me, ma, mo, mu, we.
4. Exercise "Tarzan"
So, stand up straight, exhale, then inhale deeply. Clench your hands into fists. Remember how Tarzan pounded his chest with his fists? Loudly say the sounds "iiiiiiiiiiii" and at the same time do the same.
Now continue with this exercise with sounds:
aaaaaaaaa
oooooooooo
uuuuuuuuuu
eeeeeeeeeeee
At the end of the exercise, you will notice how your bronchi are cleared of mucus, how your breathing becomes natural, how you are charged with energy. Clear your throat, get rid of everything you don't need! This exercise should only be done in the morning to develop the voice, as it has a stimulating effect.
4. Indian yogis are known for their deep and beautiful voice, which is achieved with one simple exercise.
Stand up straight and place your feet shoulder-width apart. Take a few quiet breaths in and out. Then draw air into your stomach and take one sharp breath, accompanied by the sound "Ha-a". The exhalation should be complete and the sound as loud as possible. In this case, you can slightly tilt the body forward.
Work on diction
Diction - a clear and distinct pronunciation of all the sounds of the native language with their correct articulation. A clear pronunciation of words is ensured by the correct articulation of each sound and the ability to open the mouth wide. Because if you don’t open your mouth wide enough, then your speech will “speak through your teeth.”
Articulation is also controlled at the subconscious level. Therefore, you should understand the reasons why you have poor diction, and reprogram them with already known techniques.
For example: “I have poor diction”, “I speak indistinctly”, “I cannot pronounce the sound “P”. The reasons for poor diction are most often negative thoughts like “My business is to be silent” or “There is no one in my family”.
After reprogramming the subconscious, diction, as a rule, improves markedly. And for the subsequent development of the mobility of the organs of articulation and the ability to open the mouth wide during speech, special exercises are used.
Development of the mobility of the lower jaw
1. Freely lower the lower jaw until there is a gap of one thumb between the teeth.
2. Silently and lingeringly, on one exhale, say the vowels:
aaaaaaaaaaaa
oooooooooooooo
uuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii (mouth open)
ёёёёёёёёёёё (the distance between the teeth in one finger);
yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy (two fingers apart);
oooooooooooooo
uuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiii
yoyoyoyoyoyoyoyoyoyo
yayyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy
4. Pronounce several vowels in one exhalation in a continuous and drawn-out manner:
aaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaa
oooohhhhhhhh
oooooooooo
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
iiiiieeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
When pronouncing, watch your mouth: it should be wide open.
5. Say tongue twisters, sayings, proverbs in which there are several vowel sounds that require wide opening of the mouth.
For example:
Tongs and tongs, these are our things.
The snake is stingy, the hedgehog has a hedgehog.
Two of a Kind.
Mal, yes removed.
Know the edge, don't fall.
What is the fisherman, such is the fish.
A rolling stone gathers no moss.
6. Read the poem, clearly pronouncing the sounds a, o, i:
Serving excellently nobly,
His father lived in debt
Gave three balls annually
And finally screwed up.
The fate of Eugene kept:
At first Madame followed him,
Then Monsieur replaced her.
The child was sharp, but sweet.
Monsieur l'Abbe, poor Frenchman,
So that the child is not exhausted,
Taught him everything jokingly
I did not bother with strict morality,
Slightly scolded for pranks
And he took me for a walk in the Summer Garden.
A.S. Pushkin
In the process of performing the exercises, make sure that the lower jaw falls freely down, pronounce vowel sounds, slightly emphasizing them.
Exercises to develop lip mobility
With insufficient mobility of the lips, the clarity and clarity of the pronunciation of many sounds suffer. So, to pronounce the sounds “u” and “u”, you need to stretch your lips forward with a tube. For "o", "ё" - round the lips, and for the sounds "s" and "z" - stretch the lips in a smile.
Use the following lip development exercises:
1. Stretch your lips in a smile without exposing your teeth.
2. Stretch your lips into a bare-toothed smile. The mouth is closed.
3. Pull tightly closed lips forward (as with a whistle).
4. Pull your lips forward in a tube shape.
5. Alternate "tube" and "smile".
6. Lift your upper lip to expose your upper teeth, then lower your lower lip to expose your lower teeth.
7. Slowly pronounce vowel sounds (at first without a voice, but carefully sounds, then with it):
oooooo (lips oval)
uuuuuu (lips pipe)
iiiiii (lips stretched into a smile)
8. Say the consonants (first silently, then with a voice):
sssss, zzzzzz (lips stretched in a smile)
shhhhhh, zhzhzhzhzhzhzh (lips stretched forward)
9. Now, pronounce several sounds in one exhalation together and drawlingly:
eeeeeeeeee (lips are first stretched, then take the form of a tube)
ooooooiiiiii (rounded, “pipe”, “smile”)
uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuute (lips from the shape of a tube turn into the shape of a smile)
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
sssssshshshshsh (when pronouncing the sound “s”, the lips are stretched, when pronouncing “sh”, they are stretched forward)
zzzzzzzhzhzhzhzh (when pronouncing “h”, stretch your lips, when pronouncing “g”, pull forward)
10. With lips tightly closed, pronounce explosive sounds "p" and "b" (pop, beans, beaver, cereal, drum, flight).
11. Fix the clarity and clarity of the pronunciation of sounds in words:
Eva, game, duck, trigger, style, oats, donkey, whirlpool, cabin boy, south, hedgehog, Ira, institute, incubator, shelter, snail, feeling, optometrist, equipment, juice, wheel, hat, curtains, beetle, belly, Sasha, sun, iron, stick, broom, bicycle, apron, sweatshirt, jacket.
Watch the position of the lips in front of the mirror when pronouncing words.
12. Read tongue twisters, proverbs, and sayings. Do not forget to follow the correct position of the lips and the clarity of the pronunciation of words.
A wasp does not have a mustache, do not have a mustache, but a mustache.
The tree has needles.
Joy is not eternal, sadness is not endless.
Stand up for each other and win the fight.
Cabbage loves water and good weather.
You will learn from the smart, you will unlearn from the stupid.
13. Read the story aloud and make sure that the lips take an active part in the pronunciation of sounds and words.
Spring
It was now impossible to look at the sun - it poured from above in shaggy dazzling streams. By blue blue sky clouds floated like heaps of snow. The spring breezes smelled of fresh grass and birds' nests.
In front of the house, large buds burst on fragrant poplars, and chickens groaned in the sun. In the garden, from the heated earth, piercing the rotting leaves with green bobbins, grass was climbing, the whole meadow was covered with white and yellow stars. Every day there were birds in the garden. Blackbirds ran between the trunks - dodgers walk on foot. The oriole started up in the lindens, big bird, green, with a yellow, like gold, underwing on the wings, - fussing, whistled in a honey voice.
As the sun rose, on all the roofs and birdhouses the starlings woke up, filled with different voices, wheezed, whistled either as a nightingale, or a lark, or some African birds, which they had heard enough of over the winter overseas - they mocked, out of tune terribly. A woodpecker flew like a gray handkerchief through the transparent birches, sitting on the trunk, turning around, raising a red crest on end.
And on Sunday, on a sunny morning, in the trees that were not yet dry with dew, a cuckoo cuckooed by the pond: with a sad, lonely, gentle voice, she blessed everyone who lived in the garden, starting from worms;
Live, love, be happy, cuckoo. And I'll live alone with nothing, cuckoo ...
The whole garden listened silently to the cuckoo. ladybugs, birds, frogs, always surprised by everything, sitting on their stomachs, some on the path, some on the steps of the balcony - everyone made a fortune. The cuckoo cuckooed, and the whole garden whistled even more cheerfully, rustling with leaves ... The oriole whistles in a honeyed voice, as if in a tune with water. The window was open, the room smelled of grass and freshness, the sun's light eclipsed by wet leaves. A breeze came up, and drops of dew fell on the window sill ... Before that, it was good, waking up, listening to the whistle of the oriole, looking out the window at the wet leaves.
Tolstoy Alexey Nikolaevich
The development of the muscles of the tongue
Language is actively involved in the formation of most sounds. The clarity of speech largely depends on his work. Particular difficulties arise when it is necessary to quickly switch the movement of the tongue from one position to another. To strengthen the muscles of the tongue, improve its mobility, the following movements should be clearly worked out.
1. Stick your tongue out and move it left, right, up, down several times.
2. Stick out your tongue and make circular movements from left to right, then vice versa.
3. With an open mouth and a slightly protruding tongue, make it wide, narrow (the tip and side edges are raised).
4. With a slightly raised tense tip of the tongue, “brush” the upper teeth from the outside and inside, in the direction from the inside of the teeth to the outside and vice versa.
You will help to use the mirror if necessary. Make sure that all tongue movements are performed freely and naturally.
Developing the power of the voice
1. Read the texts, changing the strength of the voice depending on the content:
There was silence, silence, silence.
Suddenly, it was replaced by a roar of thunder!
And now it's raining softly - do you hear? -
Draped, dripped, dripped on the roof.
Thunder rumbles - boom! Fuck!
Like destroying mountains.
Silence in fright - ah! -
Plugs ears.
He's probably going to drum now.
Already drumming! Already drumming!
Say louder the word "thunder" -
The word rumbles like thunder!
I sit and listen without breathing
The rustle of rustling reeds.
The reeds whisper:
- Shea, shea, shea!
- What are you whispering softly, reeds?
Is it good to whisper like that?
And in response, rustling:
- Shaw, sho, sho!
- I don't want to talk to you!
I will sing over the river and dance
I won't even ask permission!
I will sleep at the very reeds!
The reeds whisper:
- Sha, sha, sha...
As if asking in a whisper:
- Don't dance!
What shy reeds!
I'm going forward (top-top-top) -
And it's snowing(tirlim-bom-bom),
Even though we are completely, not at all on the road!
But only here (top-top-top)
Say, from - (tirlim-bom-bom),
Tell me, why are your feet so cold?
Exercises to change the pitch of the voice and expand its range
1. "Floors"
Name the floors on which you mentally rise, raising the tone of your voice each time, and then “go down” down, lowering its tone.
"Anger, o goddess, sing to Achilles, son of Peleus!"
3. Read the poem in such a way that the rise and fall of the pitch of the voice corresponds to the content of the statement:
To master the chest register,
I become a scuba diver.
I'm going down, down, down!
And the bottom of the sea is closer, closer!..
And now I'm in the underwater kingdom!
Though I've sunk deep
But in a chesty, free voice
I manage easily.
To master the chest register,
It is useful to become a scuba diver.
Practicing voice flight
1. This exercise requires two people. There should be a sufficiently large distance between them (7-10 meters). You need to speak quietly, but clearly. The topic of the conversation is not discussed in advance. Before doing the exercise, you must develop speech situation(for example, imagine that there is a third person nearby, who for some reason should not become famous content your conversation).
Exercise for the development of mobility of the voice
1. First, say the words slowly, then gradually speed up the pace to very fast, followed by slowing down:
"Run fast, run fast, run fast... run fast... run fast."
2. Read the sentence with gradual acceleration:
ladybug,
Fly on the cloud
Bring us from the sky
To be summer:
Beans in the garden
In the forest berries, mushrooms,
There is water in the spring,
Wheat in the field.
3. Read the poem at the given pace:
Barely, barely - - - (slow pace)
The carousels started spinning. — — - (slow pace)
And then, then, then - - - (medium pace)
Everyone run, run, run! - - -(fast pace)
Everything faster, faster, run, - - - (very fast pace)
Carousel around, around! — — - (very fast paced)
Hush, hush, don't rush - - - (medium pace)
Stop the carousel. — — - (medium pace)
One, two, one, two - - - (slow tempo)
Here the game is over. — — - (slow pace)
We're going in circles
Look.
And we walk together: one, two, three.
We ride down the road
Change legs often.
They jumped, they jumped:
Hop-hop-hop!
And then, like a stork, they got up -
and silence!
5. Read the poem. Choose the rate of speech corresponding to the content of the text:
The milk ran
The milk is gone!
Rolled down the stairs,
Along the street started,
Flowed across the square
Bypassed the guard
slipped under the bench,
Three old women got wet
Treated three kittens
Warmed up - and back:
Flying down the street
Up the stairs puffed
And crawled into the pan,
Breathing heavily.
Here the hostess arrived in time:
- Boiled?
- Boiled!
6. Select a piece of poetry in which the change in the tempo of speech plays an important role in understanding the content.
Practicing the tone of speech
1. Say the phrase "Oh, what a woman" so as to express:
- question
- astonishment
- Delight
- contempt
- sympathy
- neglect
- envy
- question-request
2. Read the text according to the notes:
Came?! I'm scared for you! - - -(with fear)
Blame yourself for everything! - - -(with fear)
Came?! Where is selfishness? - - - (with condemnation)
Behind him like a faithful dog everywhere! - - - (with condemnation)
Came!? So fool me! - - - (with contempt)
You're not a man, you're a jerk! - - - (with contempt)
Came?! That's it, friend! - - - (with malice)
You can't fool me all of a sudden! - - - (with malice)
Came! Know, so be it! - - - (joyfully)
We can't live without each other! - - - (joyfully)
Gone! .. Will he come or not? Mystery. - - -(with anxiety)
I treated him so badly! - - -(with anxiety)
Gone! The mountain has fallen off my shoulders! - - -(relief)
God bless these meetings! - - -(relief)
“Misha, stop being angry! I'm sorry if I offended you..."
"And you're still kidding me? And you still dare to ask?”
“I'm not at all angry with you. Honestly."
"It's not my fault!"
“Yes-ah-ah, you can’t cook porridge with you ...”
She said softly but decisively.
She drawled regretfully.
She screamed and even squealed, waving her arms.
4. Determine the tone in which the father, stepmother, sisters, fairy, prince speak to Cinderella. Words for reference: kind, angry, enthusiastic, indifferent, rude, gentle, surprised, frightened, sad, official, friendly.
5. Tell about the employee being late for work on behalf of the boss and the employee himself.
6. Come up with a speech situation yourself in which you can tell about the same event on behalf of different heroes. Pay attention to the tone of speech.
7. Select an excerpt from children's work with the direct speech of the characters. Analyze the tone in which the remarks should be read. What means in the test help to choose the right tone of speech?
Exercises for the clear pronunciation of consonants in syllables
Read the following syllables:
1. pa, po, pu, py, pe, pya, pyo, pyu, pi, pe,
that, that, that, you, that, that, that, that, that, that, those,
sa, so, su, sy, se, xia, sho, shu, si, se,
zha, zho, zhu, zhi, same;
2. an, op, yp, yp, ep, at, from, ut, yt, et,
as, os, mustache, ys, es,
ash, osh, osh, osh, osh
Practicing words with a confluence of consonants
Read aloud words with a confluence of two, three and four consonants:
Entrance, invest, baggage, tourist, map, flower bed, service, tail, brush, swipe, collect, hawk, Canadians, moment, roach, stamp, pimple, snobby, swim, weave, set, move, spark, feed, canvas, look, grotesque, breast, cover, smooth, tetanus, smooth, tetanus, trunk, sprats, emerge, open, health resort, fight, meet, overseer, uniform, metro builder, colander, wandering, transcription.
Clear pronunciation of sounds and words in speech
To work out the clarity and clarity of pronouncing consonant sounds, it is useful to use tongue twisters built on a combination of consonant sounds. Reading tongue twisters should begin in slow motion, while clearly pronouncing each word and each sound. Gradually speed up the pace, but make sure that the clarity and clarity of pronunciation does not decrease.
The weaver weaves fabrics for Tanya's scarves.
Buy a pile of spades.
The water carrier was carrying water from the tap.
The jackdaw sat on a stick, the stick hit the jackdaw.
The bull's lip was blunt.
A cap on a cap, a cap under the cap.
On seven sledges, seven in each sleigh sat themselves.
The chick of the chick clung tenaciously to the chain.
The boyar beaver has no wealth, no good - two beavers with a beaver are better than any good.
Scales at the pike, bristles at the pig.
Mother Romasha gave whey from yogurt.
The bee buzzed, the spider buzzed.
There is grass in the yard, firewood on the grass: one firewood, two firewood - do not cut firewood on the grass of the yard.
The ships tacked, tacked, but did not catch.
You can’t re-speak all tongue twisters, you can’t re-speak all tongue twisters.
Say short and small tongue twisters on one exhale. Observe the continuity of their pronunciation.
Conclusion
To further reinforce good diction, you can read poetic texts aloud. At the same time, one should also monitor the work of the lips, tongue, lower jaw, the distinct pronunciation of vowels and consonants, while avoiding their emphasized pronunciation.
Each exercise is practiced until it can be performed easily and naturally.
When working on diction, it is necessary to take into account the correct use of speech breathing and voice. And when pronouncing tongue twisters, it is necessary to correctly convey their meaning and content, it is appropriate to pause, take a breath in a timely manner.
Conduct classes to practice good speech diction daily, devoting at least 12-15 minutes. The transition to the next exercise is carried out only after the previous one has been sufficiently clearly worked out.
And the ability to open the mouth wide provides a clear pronunciation of words. Diction, voice and speech are important components of any successful performance. If you open your mouth poorly, speech becomes slurred, quiet, sounds pass through your teeth.
Diction is the distinct pronunciation of sounds with correct articulation with clear pronunciation of phrases and words. In order to learn how to open the mouth wide and develop the mobility of the jaw muscles, special exercises for diction have been developed. You will learn about them from the article.
The development of diction is simply necessary to avoid incomprehensible lowing during a speech. And pronunciation flaws that are not corrected in time can remain for the rest of your life.
- Breathe in through your nose and count to three. Breathe it out through your mouth. Repeat 5 minutes.
- Feet shoulder-width apart, spine straightened, one hand on the chest, the other on the stomach. When inhaling, push the stomach forward.
- Inhale air through your mouth and exhale it smoothly, saying: “a, and, s, e, u, o.”
- "Growl" and "moo" with your mouth closed until your lips tickle. Quietly at first, then loudly.
Pronounce consonant combinations as you exhale. First articulate the sounds silently, then in a whisper, and finally loudly.
- Ba - would - bo - ba - bi - boo
- wa - you - in - ve - wee - woo
- yes - dy - do - da - di - du
- pa - py - po - pe - pi - pu
- fa - fu - fo - fe - fi - fu
- ta - you - that - te - ti - tu
- ha - gee - go - ge - gi - gu
- ka - ky - ko - ke - ki - ku
- ha - hee - ho - hee - hee - hoo
Say sound combinations on the exhale. At first silently, after that - in a whisper, and at the end - distinctly and loudly (but not to the point of screaming)
- lra - lry - lro - lre - lri - lru
- rla - rly - rl - rl - rl - rl
Say in syllables:
- Ppa - ppy - ppo - ppe - ppi - ppu
- Bba - bby - bbo - bbe - bbi - bbu
- Pubba - pobby - pubbo - pebbe - pibbi - pipbu
Pronounce the following combinations clearly:
- Ptka - ptki - ptko - ptke - ptki - ptku
- Tpka - tpky - tpko - tpke - tpki - tpku
- Kpta - kpty - kpto - kpte - kpti - kptu
Say the following words clearly and slowly:
- Anna, Asya, Alice, Albina, algebra, Anya, address, aster, author, poppy, yar, yak, poison, berry, us, ball, start, hand, pit, viola.
- Side, guest, here, rain, grief, dawns, bridge, house, cat, scrap, clods, score, tears, salt, ice, aunt, Lenya.
- Morning, mind, coal, bonds, tooth, prisoner, bow, club, noise, labor, writing, calling, iron, south, union, whirlwind, holy fool, young man, humor, in bad weather, on Wednesday.
- Howled - pitchfork, was - beat, rear - mud, washed - Nile, blazed - sawed. lynx - fig.
- By - be, gy - ge, you - ve, ly - le, we - ne, we - me, py - pe, you - te, ry - re, sy - se.
Say phrases with different intonation. Imagine that you are talking to a friend who doubts your every word. You need to calmly and convincingly defend your case.
1. Mila Mimosa bought mom (evenly, calmly).
2. Mila Mimosa bought mom? (highlight the first word with intonation).
1. Mila Mimosa bought mom
2. Mila Mimosa bought mom?
1. Mila Mimosa bought mom
2. Mila Mimosa bought mom?
1. Mila Mimosa bought for her mother.
2. Mila Mimosa bought mom?
1. Mila Mimosa bought mom!
Say the tongue twisters that come to your mind first silently, then in a whisper, and at the end clearly and loudly. After that, say them, chuckling, with humor, then - with the intention of saying something terrible, and at the very end - at a very fast pace.
Perform diction exercises daily and you will see results in three months. Don't be surprised if they start telling you that you've changed a lot. I hope that it will not be difficult for you to perform all the exercises for diction. Good luck!
