Road construction in Russian capital doesn't stop for a day. And, despite the fact that sometimes it seems that all the reserves for improving the transport situation are already close to exhaustion, the city authorities, designers and builders manage to find new solutions to make life easier for motorists and public transport passengers. The commissioning of the system of chord roads and rocades will additionally relieve the load on the center and the main ring roads of the city.

Initially, Moscow turned out to be a hostage to the radial-ring transport system. And at a time when motorization was relatively slow, this state of affairs suited everyone. However, the capital was not ready for a sharp increase in the city's population and the number of cars at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. Analysts of the Monarch and B construction company, which is part of the Monarch Group of Companies, came to this conclusion.

The actions taken then by the city authorities did not keep pace with the pace of its development - new and reconstructed streets instantly turned into places of traffic congestion.

It became clear that building more and more new rings is a solution that does not give a serious effect and improves the traffic situation only for a short period of time. But it was obviously impossible to abandon the existing radial-annular system. Under these conditions, the city authorities, together with the best engineering and design minds, had to figure out how to make sure that the city does not get stuck in giant traffic jams in the near future.

The main idea was the redistribution of flows. In order to get from one sleeping area to another, located at the opposite end of the city, there were two travel options: through the Moscow Ring Road and through the center. Alternative paths were either inconvenient or too time consuming. New routes were needed. This is how the project for the construction of a system of chords and rocades appeared.

NORTH EASTERN CHORD

This highway will pass the North-Eastern a chord 35 kilometers long will pass from new track M11 "Moscow - St. Petersburg" to the Kosinskaya overpass - interchange at the intersection of the Moscow Ring Road with the highway "Veshnyaki - Lyubertsy". The chord will connect the Moscow Ring Road, Entuziastov Highway, Izmailovskoye, Shchelkovskoye, Otkrytoye, Yaroslavskoye, Altufevskoye and Dmitrovskoye Highways. It will reduce the traffic load on the center, the Third Transport Ring, the Moscow Ring Road and outbound highways.

The other day, Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin opened traffic on overpasses at the junction of the North-Eastern Expressway with Entuziastov Highway and Budyonny Avenue. In August, an overpass was opened at the intersection of the new highway and Schelkovo highway. The main work on the construction of the North-Eastern Expressway is planned to be completed in 2019, said the head of the city's construction complex Marat Khusnullin.

In addition to the section from the Enthusiasts Highway to Izmailovsky highway, two more have already been built - from Businovskaya interchange before festival street and from Izmailovsky to Shchelkovsky highway. Now work is underway on sections from the Entuziastov Highway to the Moscow Ring Road and from Festivalnaya Street to Dmitrovskoe highway.

NORTHWESTERN CHORD

The task of this city highway is to provide a diagonal connection between the northeast and southwestern regions the capital, bypassing the city center, unload the Third Transport Ring, Moscow Ring Road, Garden Ring, Leningradskoye, volokolamskoe highway and other highways. The new highway will run from Skolkovo to Yaroslavl highway.

The reconstructed Bolshaya Akademicheskaya Street, together with the Alabyano-Baltiysky Tunnel, formed the main part of the highway, which, in the area of ​​Dmitrovskoye Highway, joined the North-Eastern Expressway and through the Businovskaya Interchange got access to a new highway in the direction of Sheremetyevo Airport.

Thanks to the Mikhalkovsky tunnel, it became possible to remove traffic light objects. Traffic has already been launched on the overpass at the intersection of Skolkovskoye highway with Vyazemskaya and Vitebskaya streets, along the turning overpass with Ryabinovaya and the bridge over the Setun River.

finish everything construction works on the North-Western Chord and it is planned to launch the entire highway in 2018.

SOUTHERN ROKADA

The road will connect the Moscow Ring Road through Rublevskoe Highway, Balaklavsky Prospekt, Varshavskoye Highway, Kantemirovskaya Street, Kashirskoe highway and street Borisovskie Ponds. Rokada will become a backup for the Moscow Ring Road and the southern section of the Third Ring Road. Its task is to redistribute traffic flows and unload the Kashirskoye and Varshavskoye highways, as well as Proletarsky Prospekt. The new highway will include existing roads, which will be reconstructed and expanded.

According to the plans of the city authorities, the Southern Rocade will pass from Balaklavsky prospect through the tunnel under the Varshavskoe highway, then through the overpass it will cross the railway tracks, cross the Chertanovka river over the bridge and connect with Kantemirovskaya street in the area Proletarian Avenue. Further through the tunnel, drivers will be able to get to Borisovskie Prudy Street in the direction of Maryino. Farther rocade will go along Verkhnie Polya Street, from where the transport will head towards the Moscow Ring Road through Kapotnya.

To date, the section from Rublevsky Highway to Balaklavsky Prospekt has already been put into operation. Overpasses and pedestrian crossings were built here. The plans of the city authorities include the construction of a junction at the intersection of Varshavskoye Highway and Balaklavsky Prospekt. A tunnel, overpass, U-turn ramps and side driveways will appear in this place. In addition, an overpass will be erected under the tracks Paveletsky direction, a bridge across the Chertanovka River and an underground pedestrian crossing. And the section from the intersection with Proletarsky Prospekt to the Moscow Ring Road will be formed at the expense of existing streets.

Total length of chord roads will be about 243 kilometers. They will build over a hundred transport facilities- tunnels, overpasses, bridges and overpasses. The launch of traffic on new high-speed routes will make it possible to actually create a new ring, but with exits to the Moscow Ring Road, which will unload the last and the Third Ring Road. The plans are to connect the North-Western and North-Eastern chords in the area of ​​Festivalnaya Street with access to the road to the Businovskaya interchange and further to toll road Moscow, Saint Petersburg. The Southern Rocade will intersect with the North-Western Chord in the Krylatskoye area.

Along the section of the North-Eastern Expressway (SVKh) from the Entuziastov Highway to the Moscow Ring Road (MKAD) started the movement transport. The new route will redistribute traffic flows and reduce the load on outbound highways.

“In fact, this is one of the most difficult sections of the North-Eastern Expressway and, in general, of any road construction in Moscow: great amount of communications of operating enterprises, docking with the railway, the site itself is very complex. This is the largest and longest overpass in the city - 2.5 kilometers of a straight line, as well as the most important section. It will improve transport accessibility for a million people living in about ten districts of Moscow, including those beyond the Moscow Ring Road: Nekrasovka, Kosino-Ukhtomsky and a number of other districts, ”said Sergei Sobyanin.

The section of the North-Eastern Expressway from the Entuziastov Highway to the Moscow Ring Road began to be built in February 2016 and completed in September 2018. it twice as fast normative period of construction.

“Next, we will connect sections of the chord in the north and create a new city highway. By the way, this is one of the few sections that does not run along existing corridors, but creates, in fact, a new corridor. It will improve the situation on Shchelkovskoye and Otkrytoye Highways, as well as on the Entuziastov Highway and the Moscow Ring Road. The most important section, the most important highway,” added the Mayor of Moscow.

Six lanes and no traffic lights

A traffic-free six-lane highway runs from the existing temporary storage area at the intersection with the Entuziastov highway, then - with north side Kazan direction of the Moscow Railway (MZhD) to the exit to the Kosinskaya flyover of the Moscow Ring Road. Total paved 1 1,8 kilometers of roads, including six flyovers.

On this site chords were built the longest overpass in Moscow- 2.5 kilometers of direct travel from railway platform Plyushchevo to the overpass-exit from Perovskaya street to temporary storage warehouse.

“This is one of the most difficult sections, because 2.5 kilometers are artificial structures in the form of an overpass running parallel to the railway. This is the most complex element, which we had to implement during construction,” said Petr Aksenov, First Deputy Head of the Moscow City Construction Department.

Thanks to this engineering solution, it was possible to preserve the existing regional road network. In addition, the overpass can be used to cross the tracks of the Kazan direction of the Moscow Railways.

The structure includes:

- overpass of the main passage No. 1 (1.8 kilometers, three lanes in each direction) and two single-lane overpasses (each - 143 meters). They provide traffic without traffic lights at the intersection with railroad tracks Gorky direction Moscow Railways and exits to Kuskovskaya Street;

— the left overpass of the main passage No. 2 (740 meters, three lanes in each direction), which provides entry from Budyonny Avenue and traffic along the straight line of the temporary storage warehouse towards the Moscow Ring Road;

— the right overpass of the main passage No. 2 (650 meters, three lanes in each direction) provides access to Budyonny Avenue and promising direction towards Ryazansky Prospekt along the ways of Moskovsky central ring(MCC).

In addition, a flyover No. 3 (204 meters, two traffic lanes in each direction) appeared, along which you can go from the temporary storage warehouse to Perovskaya Street.

Also built or reconstructed congresses to adjacent streets and access roads total length over four kilometers.

From the residential area in the area of ​​​​Kuskovskaya and Anosova streets, as well as near the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Veshnyaki, noise barriers three meters high and over one and a half kilometers long.

Pedestrian crossings

The most important part of the project was the construction and reconstruction of pedestrian crossings. Through the new spacious passage under the temporary storage warehouse, residents of Veshnyakov can comfortable to get to the metro station and railway platform Vykhino.

The reconstructed pedestrian crossing in the area of ​​4th Veshnyakovsky passage connects with the Assumption Church and the Veshnyakovsky cemetery.

The transition in the area of ​​the Plyushchevo railway platform is useful for those who like to walk in Kuskovo estate park.

New transport artery

The construction of the temporary storage warehouse section from the Entuziastov highway to the Moscow Ring Road made it possible to redistribute traffic flows and reduce the load on outbound routes — Ryazan Avenue, Entuziastov Highway and Schelkovskoye Highway, as well as to the eastern sectors of the Moscow Ring Road and the Third Transport Ring (TTK).

In addition, the transport situation in southeast and east sectors of the city, entry into Moscow for residents of the Kosino-Ukhtomsky and Nekrasovka districts located outside the Moscow Ring Road, as well as for residents of the city of Lyubertsy, Moscow Region, has become much easier. In the future, the chord section will provide a direct connection with the understudy federal highway Moscow - Kazan.

North-Eastern chord will link the new route M11 Moscow- St. Petersburg with the Kosinskaya flyover (namely, the interchange at the intersection of the Moscow Ring Road with the Veshnyaki-Lyubertsy highway). The road will connect the major highways of the city: MKAD, Entuziastov highway, Izmailovskoe, Shchelkovskoe, Yaroslavskoe, Altufevskoe, Otkrytoe and Dmitrovskoe highways.

In addition, from the chord it will be possible to go to 15 large Moscow streets, including Festivalnaya, Selskokhozyaistvennaya streets, Berezovaya alley, 3rd Nizhnelikhoborsky passage, Amurskaya, Shcherbakovskaya, Perovskaya, Yunosti, Papernika and others.

Near Bolshaya Akademicheskaya street The North-East chord will connect with the North-West, and in the area of ​​the Entuziastov Highway - with the projected South-East. Thus, the North-Eastern chord will provide diagonal connection north, east and southeast of the capital. This will relieve the city center, the Third Ring Road, the Moscow Ring Road and outbound highways.

track new chord will go through 28 districts Moscow and 10 major industrial zones. With accession to one of the most important transport arteries of the capital, these industrial zones will also receive prospects for development.

The northeast chord will allow personal and public transport drive up to 12 transport hubs, 21 metro and MCC stations, as well as the platforms of the Savelovsky and Kazansky directions of the Moscow Railway.

The length of the main route of the North-East Expressway will be about 35 kilometers. AT total, taking into account exits and reconstruction road network, it is planned to build more 100 kilometers of roads 70 flyovers, bridges and tunnels (with a total length of about 40 kilometers) and 16 pedestrian crossings. Now, as part of the construction of the North-Eastern Expressway, 69 kilometers of roads 58 artificial structures(length 28 kilometers) and 13 pedestrian crossings.

On the this moment completed construction of sections of the North-Eastern Expressway:

- from Businovskaya road junction to Festivalnaya street;

- from Izmailovsky to Schelkovo highway;

— from Enthusiasts Highway to Izmailovsky Highway;

- from the Enthusiasts highway to the Moscow Ring Road.

Contractors have two-year warranty obligations, despite the fact that all acts are accepted and signed.

“Contractors are not leaving, they have a number of works related to the railway at the new substation. This substation connects the second stage of the North-Eastern chord, which runs from Otkrytoye to Yaroslavskoe highway,” said Petr Aksenov.

Soon, traffic will be opened along the section of the North-Eastern Expressway from Festivalnaya Street to Dmitrovskoye Highway.

Sections of the chord from Dmitrovsky to Yaroslavsky and from Yaroslavsky to Yaroslavl are also being designed. open highway. As part of these sections, about 33 kilometers of roads.

Four chords

The chord lines are key element new road frame of Moscow, which has been created in the city for the last eight years. New chords are about 300 kilometers of new roads, 127 flyovers, bridges and tunnels and more 50 pedestrian crossings.

It is planned to build four such highways:

— northwest chord — from Skolkovskoye to Dmitrovskoye highway;

— northeast chord- from the new highway M11 Moscow - St. Petersburg to the Kosinskaya overpass;

— southeast chord — from Entuziastov Highway to Polyany Street;

— Southern Rocade- from Rublevsky highway to Kapotnya.

The Moscow government arbitrarily demolished "arbitrarily" built buildings.

In order to achieve this demolition in Civil Code RF in Art. 222 urgently made changes:

1. Unauthorized construction is a building, structure or other structure erected, created on a land plot not provided in accordance with the established procedure, or on a land plot, the permitted use of which does not allow construction on it this object, or erected, created without obtaining the necessary permits for this or in violation of urban planning and building codes and rules.

2. Unauthorized construction is subject to demolition ...

At the same time, Art. 222 in paragraph 4 specifically noted that an unauthorized building is subject to demolition if the building occupied by it » … the land plot is located in an area with special conditions use of territories ... or in the right of way of engineering networks of federal, regional or local significance.

The content of the new edition of Art. 222 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation shows that unauthorized construction in Moscow that violates the Law is carried out not only by merchants, but also by the Government of Moscow, which initiated changes to Art. 222 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. These changes will also affect new construction projects that will be carried out after the introduction of amendments to Article 222. In order that after the completion of construction, new buildings could not be recognized as unauthorized and subject to demolition, the requirements of Art. 222 must also be carried out in the projects of these new buildings. For this, projects must not be unauthorized, must comply with the requirements of laws, and before implementation must be tested for compliance with Art. 222 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.

Such an unauthorized project is the project of the section of the North-Eastern Expressway in the Moscow region of Veshnyaki (VAO). The route of this section of the chord motorway according to the project is laid on the territory of the forest park of the object cultural heritage regional significance Manor "Kuskovo". It is laid on the site specified in paragraph 1 of Art. 222 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, as « not provided in accordance with the established procedure, or on a land plot, the permitted use of which does not allow the construction of this object on it.

Passage of the Northeast Chord

"Provided in due course" is the area determined by master plan of the city of Moscow until 2025, at the address: 1st Veshnyakovsky proezd, Ryazansky district of the South-Eastern Administrative District. The estate "Kuskovo" is located in another, Eastern administrative district, and laying a route here is prohibited by the approved Master Plan Law of the City of Moscow No. 17 dated 05.05.2010.

Construction of a chord in the estate "Kuskovo" prohibits Federal Law No. 73 of 06/25/2002"On objects of cultural heritage ..." Art. 3_1, art. 5_1, because it is construction "on land, the permitted use of which does not allow the construction of this object on it." Federal Law No. 73 of 2002 prohibits such capital construction on the territory of a cultural heritage site. As a result, 20 hectares of forest will be cut down, with dozens of centuries-old oaks growing in it.

Manor "Kuskovo"

Thus, according to paragraph 1 of Art. 222 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the construction of the Khordy motorway in Kuskovo is an unauthorized construction, and after this section is built, the motorway is to be demolished as an unauthorized structure.

The motorway of the chord is being laid in Veshnyaki along security zone cultural heritage site federal significance 370-year-old Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin. The motorway in this place captures the land, which “located in a zone with special conditions for the use of territories” (clause 4, article 222 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).

Thus, this section of the motorway is also subject to the new wording of Art. 222 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Section of the chord in accordance with paragraph 4 of Art. 222 is an unauthorized building, and after the completion of construction the motorway at this location is also to be demolished as unauthorized construction.

The highway is being laid at a distance from the Temple building four times smaller than the permissible, safe. Physical state of the ancient Temple, built in 1644, was not examined in accordance with the requirements of MDS 11-17 of 2004 - "Rules for the inspection of buildings ... for liturgical ... purposes", which should have been done before the start of the project to find out whether the Temple building would withstand vibration loads from the flow motorway cars, and whether it is possible to build a chord in this place for this reason.

Such loads inevitably cause subsidence of foundations near located buildings. For the ancient Temple, the value of these allowable drawdowns is set to no more than 5 mm (SP 22.13330.2011, Appendix L). The project calculated these drawdowns for the fence of the temple and commercial buildings on its territory. And for the Temple building itself, there is no calculation in the project. The calculation was either not made or not published, because it showed a larger drawdown than 5 mm. That is, the fact that the Temple will collapse in the project is hidden. As a result, the Temple will be destroyed by the vibrations of the traffic flow of 10,000 per hour. The lives of the praying parishioners are at risk.

Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Veshnyaki

The chord highway is being laid in Veshnyaki for 3 kilometers over three tunnels of the largest sewerage collector in Moscow, through which 3 million cubic meters of sewage passes daily to the Lyubertsy aeration station - this is half of Moscow's sewage.

So the motorway of the chord passes "in the right of way of engineering networks" and, according to paragraph 4 of the new edition of Art. 222 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, is an unauthorized construction, which, after the completion of construction must also be demolished as unauthorized construction.

The diameters of the collector tunnels are 3, 4 and 6 meters, they were built 50 years ago and, according to the workers involved in their repair, the walls of the tunnels are so rotten that they are pierced through with a crowbar. They are repaired (“sanitized”), but the strength of the walls cannot be restored by this. To restore strength, the tunnels must be built anew, must be designed for new loads and new external conditions their work.

The right of way of engineering networks (security zone) of the sewer collector in the conditions of water-saturated soils of Veshnyakov according to the “Operation Regulations sewer network Moscow (DZhKH i B 2006)”, is 50 meters on each side, into which the motorway enters. The construction of a motorway on top of the collector and in its buffer zone is prohibited by road construction standards and urban planning standards (SP 34.13330.2012 clause 6.36; SP 42.13330.2011 clause 12.33; 12.34; STO NOSTOY 2.17.66-2012 clause 6.4. 2.; 6.4.7.; 6.4.8.).

If the highway is not demolished as an unauthorized structure, then during its operation the walls of the collector tunnels will not withstand the new loads from the weight of the highway roadbed, the weight and vibration of the traffic flow of 10,000 cars per hour and will constantly collapse along the entire length of the collector located under the highway. The roadbed will collapse into these failures. The motorway and the collector will not be operated. Half of the inhabitants of Moscow will be left without water and sewerage. Residential areas adjacent to the motorway, Kuskovo Forest Park, Khram, Railway, subways will be flooded with fecal sewage.

What new edition Art. 222 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation requires that the motorway of the chord after its construction in Veshnyaki was demolished says that it is impossible to build a chord in Veshnyaki.

New edition of Art. 222 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation considers unauthorized and subject to demolition buildings that are created on a land plot:

— « the permitted use of which does not allow the construction of this facility on it”;

— which the “located in a zone with special conditions for the use of territories”;

— which is located "in the right of way of engineering networks".

Article 222 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation prohibits the construction of a motorway on such land plots . It is necessary to build in accordance with the General Plan in the Ryazan region of the SEAD. There it will not be demolished.

Until now, the project for the construction of a motorway in Veshnyaki violated all existing federal laws and the laws of the city of Moscow in this area, about which we have repeatedly reported to the Government of Moscow. Now the project has switched to violating new laws that came out after its completion.

As of February 14, 2016, 121,359 citizens of Russia have signed a petition addressed to the President of the Russian Federation and the Mayor of Moscow, demanding that the construction of the North-Eastern Expressway be prohibited on the lands of the forest park of the federal cultural heritage site of the Kuskovo estate. Including their family members, the number of protesters is several hundred thousand people. The Moscow government does not notice these protests.

Residents of the Veshnyaki district, in accordance with Art. 222 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation require from the Government of Moscow prevent unauthorized construction of the chord section in Veshnyaki, cancel the project and move the construction of the motorway to its rightful place, established by the General Plan of Moscow - 1st Veshnyakovsky proezd, Ryazansky district of the South-Eastern Administrative District.

On behalf of the initiative group
"Save Veshnyaki" architect
I.N. Kuznetsova

North-Eastern Chord detailed map 2019 – the latest changes in the construction of the main interchange in Perovo and Vykhino will invariably hit Veshnyaki and may jeopardize the existence of pedestrian and bicycle paths in transport hub"Botanical Garden". Last news about the construction of the chord are no longer full of headlines about protests and detainees - people have come to terms with the deforestation in Kuskovo, the closure of the public garden and the threat of losing a number of cultural objects. In the same time, new project will allow to get rid of traffic jams and will connect Izmailovskoe, Shchelkovskoe Altufevskoe and Dmitrovskoe highways, improving the logistics of the city many times over. The main confrontation takes place between urban residents-pedestrians, as well as drivers-entrepreneurs. Given the large volume budget funds and significant economic benefits that Moscow will receive after the commissioning of the North eastern chord, people who protect the environment and green spaces have practically no chance of influencing the situation.

So, the residents of Anosov and Plyushchev streets, who complained about the cutting down of trees and filthy playgrounds, received advice from officials to completely leave Moscow if fresh air is so important to them. Indeed, many people want to live in these areas of the capital, even if they are offered to breathe only exhaust gases instead of air. Such is the fate of most megacities not only in Russia but also abroad. Concrete jungles are crowding out green spaces - a trend that can only be influenced by restricting access road transport to the capital. But this would mean losses and supply problems, which the authorities do not want.

On the North East Chord detailed diagram 2019 shows that the road is really necessary in the current traffic situation. However, people are quite understandable, given that on a number of issues they were not even public hearings. The changes that were made to the project are very minor, so there is no need to talk about reaching a compromise. Currently, activists continue to be on duty in the Kuskovo estate, everyone is waiting for the start of cutting down trees in the protected area. It is noteworthy that a very sad fate awaits the residents of nearby houses, because heavy vehicles will begin to walk through their area, the emissions of which are even hard to imagine. Will it be possible to save the Kuskovo park - big question, but there is no united front of activists on this issue, despite the petition and a large number of appeals. Even two police squads can disperse a small pile.

After the detailed 2019 North-Eastern Expressway was published and protests began, work on the controversial areas was suspended, but this is unlikely to mean the abandonment of construction. Rather, it is an attempt to lull the vigilance of the most active citizens and carry out a quick cutting down, after which it will be impossible to prove anything, and the protests will lose their meaning.