At the opening ceremony of the road section of the Crimean Bridge. The head of state got acquainted with the readiness single center traffic control and all operational services to the operation of the transport crossing. The traffic on the bridge will start on May 16.

Crimean bridge will connect the Kerch Peninsula (Crimea) with the Taman Peninsula (Krasnodar Territory). It will ensure uninterrupted transport links between Crimea and mainland Russia. The bridge starts on the Taman Peninsula, runs along the existing five-kilometer dam and Tuzla Island, crosses the Kerch Strait, rounding Cape Ak-Burun from the north, and comes out on the Crimean coast. The transport crossing consists of parallel automobile and railway routes. Pedestrian areas and bike paths are not provided.

Story

The railway bridge across the Kerch Strait was first built during the Great Patriotic War. In the fall of 1944, it was erected by Soviet military engineers in 150 days. The bridge connected the Krasnodar coast near the Chushka Spit with the Crimean coast near the village of Zhukovka. The structure, 4.5 km long and 22 m wide, consisted of 115 spans and a device for passing ships. On February 18, 1945, the bridge was destroyed by a powerful ice drift from Sea of ​​Azov. Instead of a bridge crossing, on September 22, 1954, a ferry service across the Kerch Strait began to operate (Krasnodar port "Caucasus" - port "Crimea").

Since the late 1990s, the idea of ​​building a combined road and rail bridge across the strait has been actively discussed by Russian and Ukrainian authorities. In February 2014, after forced change authorities in Ukraine, negotiations were terminated. In March of the same year, Crimea was reunited with Russia. The main transport corridor connecting the peninsula with the mainland of the Russian Federation remained the Kerch ferry crossing.

On March 19, 2014, Russian President Vladimir Putin set the task for the Russian Ministry of Transport to build a bridge across the strait in two versions - road and rail. Of the several proposed projects, the one that provided for construction not in the narrowest section of the strait, like a bridge built in 1944, was recognized as the most optimal, but to the south - from Taman Peninsula to Kerch through the island of Tuzla. In August 2014, Russian President Vladimir Putin approved the design documentation for the construction of a bridge with a highway and electrified railways.

Project executors

The customer of the project was the Federal State Institution "Department of Federal highways"Taman" of the Federal Road Agency of the Russian Federation. In accordance with the government decree dated January 30, 2015, Stroygazmontazh LLC (part of the Arkady Rotenberg SGM group of companies) was appointed as the general contractor for the work. The bridge construction project is managed by OOO Stroygazmontazh-Most.

Nearly 220 people were involved in the construction of the bridge. Russian enterprises, the construction is carried out by more than 30 bridge crews, more than 10 thousand workers and over 1.5 thousand engineering and technical specialists.

Main technical characteristics

• The total length of the bridge is 19 km (it will become the longest in Russia);
• four-lane highway(two lanes in each direction) with a total capacity of up to 40,000 vehicles per day;
• allowed speed on the highway for cars - 90 km / h;
• two railway tracks with a capacity of up to 47 pairs of trains per day;
• the permitted speed of passenger trains - 90 km/h, freight - 80 km/h;
• capacity - 14 million passengers and 13 million tons of cargo per year;
• arched spans 35 m high are provided for navigation.

The transport crossing project also includes the construction of railway and automobile infrastructure along both banks of the Kerch Strait. More than 100 km of roads and railways are being built.

Railway approaches to the bridge from the side Krasnodar Territory and Crimea - these are roads with a length of 40 and 17.5 km. They will be put into operation in 2019, simultaneously with the railway part of the crossing.

Financing

The cost of the state contract for the design and construction of the bridge (expenses of the contractor LLC Stroygazmontazh) was approved in the amount of 223 billion 143 million rubles in the prices of the corresponding years. total cost construction will amount to 227.922 billion rubles. Works are carried out only at the expense of the federal budget within the framework of the federal target program"Socio-economic development of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol until 2020".

Name of the bridge

Until the end of 2017, the transport crossing through the Kerch Strait had no official name. The question of the name of the future bridge was asked to Russian President Vladimir Putin at a big press conference on December 23, 2016. In response, the head of state offered to find out the opinion of Russians through a survey.

On November 16, 2017, a voting started on the website nazovimost.rf, during which users were asked to choose a name for the bridge. The five most popular options were submitted for consideration: Crimean, Kerch, Tuzlinsky, Friendship Bridge and Reunification Bridge. Voting participants could also propose their own version of the name.

Construction stages

By the end of 2015, the necessary infrastructure for construction was created on both sides of the Kerch Strait. To ensure transport links with offshore areas, temporary working bridges were erected, from which technological work in the waters of the strait. In October 2015, the first working bridge, 1.2 km long, connected the Taman Peninsula and Tuzla. Two more (with a length of 1.8 and 2 km) - towards each other from Kerch and Tuzla Island - were put into operation in the summer of 2016. On March 18 of the same year, Russian President Vladimir Putin visited the construction site for the first time.

On March 10, 2016, builders began the construction of pile foundations for supports Kerch bridge on land, and on May 17 - in the offshore sections.

In mid-June 2017, the assembly of the navigable arch of the railway part of the bridge was completed (weight - about 6 thousand tons, consists of more than 400 large elements). The railway span is a combination of a span structure with through main trusses and an arch. Installation of the arch began on August 27, 2017. It was delivered to the transport crossing by a special floating system, then the structure was lifted onto the fairway supports. On August 29, the railway arch span was raised to the design height. The offshore operation to transport and lift the arch has become unique for Russian bridge building. According to the construction information center, arched spans with such dimensions have not yet been installed in marine conditions.

At the end of July 2017, on the Kerch coast, the assembly of the road part of the bridge was completed (weight - about 5.5 thousand tons, consists of almost 200 large elements). Arched spans are the most dimensional elements of the Crimean bridge, the length of each is 227 m, the height of the arch is highest point- 45 m. On October 11, 2017, an operation began to transport the road arch. On October 12, the arched span was raised to the fairway supports and secured. Once installed, it provided unobstructed passage for ships through a free space 185 m wide and 35 m high above sea level.

On February 2, 2017, the construction of spans between the marine supports of the crossing began. By the beginning of 2018, almost all piles for the road and railway parts of the future bridge were installed - more than 6.5 thousand pieces. In some areas, the depth of their immersion reached 105 m, which corresponds to the height of a 35-storey building. More than 130,000 of almost 250,000 tons of metal structures of superstructures were assembled.

By the end of April 2018, the builders had completed the laying of the asphalt concrete pavement on the road part of the transport crossing, performed static and dynamic tests of this part of the bridge. In early May, the construction customer - the Taman Federal Highway Administration - accepted the road part of the Crimean Bridge to complete preparations for the opening of traffic.

Opening of traffic on the bridge

The opening of the working movement of cars on the bridge was planned in December 2018, the beginning of the temporary operation of the railway line - in December 2019.

In a number of areas, work was carried out ahead of schedule. On March 14, 2018, Russian President Vladimir Putin, who visited the construction site, did not rule out that the movement of cars would be opened ahead of schedule. At the same time, the head of the Stroygazmontazh company, Arkady Rotenberg, said that the builders would be ready to hand over the automotive part of the facility after May 9, 2018.

The Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation is considering a phased scheme for organizing traffic on the automobile part of the passage through the Kerch Strait. At the first stage - in May 2018 - the passage will be opened for cars and passenger buses. The start of regular freight traffic is scheduled for the end of 2018.

According to information center"Crimean Bridge", traffic for motorists will be opened on May 16 at 05:30 Moscow time simultaneously from both banks of the Kerch Strait. At the same time, the entrance to the auto approaches to the bridge from the side of the Taman and Kerch peninsulas will be opened one hour before the official start of traffic. From the Krasnodar Territory to the bridge leads federal highway A-290 to the interchange with the new road on the Taman Peninsula, then 40 km along the auto-approach to the bridge. From the side of Crimea, traffic starts from the interchange on the existing Simferopol-Kerch highway and further 8.6 km to the transport crossing.

The Crimean bridge is expected not only in the Crimea, but throughout Russia. Nevertheless, air tickets are expensive, and it is difficult to get them at the height of the holiday season, and the ferry service does not always work stably. Fortunately, already this summer, everyone will be able to drive to Crimea by car without stopping: the opening of the Crimean bridge is scheduled for May, and President V.V. himself will come to open it. Putin.

We will share all the current news about the Kerch Bridge and tell you why it is unique.

Actual information about the Crimean bridge

According to the latest data, The Crimean bridge will open at dawn on May 16! The first team of builders will pass through it. Then, after 6.00, they will start car traffic. The bridge will be personally received by the President, V.V. Putin. Construction was completed six months earlier than planned. By the end of May, both cars and buses, including passenger ones, designed to transport guests of the peninsula along, will be able to pass over the bridge.

Finishing touches in the construction of the Crimean bridge

At the beginning of May, the road part of the Crimean bridge is 98 percent ready, the builders said, and its commissioning is scheduled for the second half of May. Be the first to cross the bridge cars and passenger buses, freight transport will be able to do this only at the end of the season, in the fall.

Final work on the bridge

Work on the bridge has come to its end and does not stop for a minute: last blocks barrier fence, lighting masts are connected to the power grid, architectural lighting of the bridge arch is mounted, asphalt is washed, electronic sensors are tested and installed road signs.

The application of thermoplastic road markings and the installation of noise barriers are almost completed. They, made of fiberglass to maintain visibility, will fence off auto-approaches so that residents of neighboring settlements did not hear traffic noise. Protective screens at the entrance to the bridge will be metal, this was done at the insistence of environmentalists, so that birds from neighboring lakes see the barrier and do not break.

Auto-approach readiness

The length of auto-approaches in the direction of the Kuban is 40 kilometers, and together with exits and interchanges - 53.4 kilometers. But in May, not all of the Kuban auto-approach will work - road junctions will not be put into operation yet, except for one, at the 34th kilometer, where the arrangement and landscaping are just finishing.

On both sides of the bridge at the 26th kilometer, recreation areas and multifunctional gas stations are organized, and inspection points for vehicles will soon be put into operation on both sides of the bridge.

ASUDD readiness

The automated traffic control system is already in test mode. To ensure traffic safety not only on the bridge, but also on auto approaches, which is 70 kilometers away, operators monitor the flow of cars not only on computers, but also on a huge panel that displays all the parameters of the bridge.

ASUDD was developed on the basis of Russian innovative technologies, and its main task is traffic control and comprehensive control, including compliance with the rules traffic, control of the weight and dimensions of transport and tracking the traffic flow.

The traffic flow monitoring system will collect information from sensors on flow speed, traffic interval, lane congestion and classify vehicles, which will make it possible to select a traffic control program for the bridge.

19 video cameras and ten automatic control systems will monitor the implementation of traffic rules. Information about violations will be sent to the traffic police posts, which will definitely stop the actions of the violator.

Automatic weather stations will determine the strength of the wind, air temperature and humidity, which will ultimately tell about the condition of the road, thus, both road services and motorists will become aware of the icing of the canvas, fog or strong wind. The program itself will analyze all the data and issue its forecast a few hours before the onset of adverse conditions. The main dispatcher will have to choose the right decision actions for road builders and drivers.

The system will not only notify about an accident, but also help drivers find a way out by showing information on the scoreboard (there are seven of them on the bridge), if the lane is blocked, they will be able to slow down and change lanes.

Another system monitors the structures of the bridge itself in case of deformation by transport, hurricane winds or earthquakes. If several factors coincide and the situation becomes critical, the sensors will react instantly, then the traffic can be stopped by dispatchers.

Railway part of the bridge

The construction of the railway part of the bridge is ongoing, and according to the plan, it will be completed by the end of the year.

Now the last pipe piles are being driven in, then the foundations of the supports will be poured. The assembly of spans is already underway - 40,000 tons of metal structures have been assembled, sections for sliding spans have been prepared. When the spans are ready, the laying of sleepers and rails from the side of Taman will begin.

Opening date of the Crimean bridge - in May 2018

Great news for everyone who is interested in when the bridge to Crimea will be opened for cars! Construction is underway ahead of schedule. If it was originally planned that the movement would be allowed only at the end of 2018, now the deadlines have shifted. Initially, representatives of the contractor said that the Kerch bridge would be opened in early May. However, according to information at the end of April, the opening had to be postponed. new date- the second half or the end of May. The plans still indicate that the president himself will come to open the Crimean bridge. Representatives of the Stroygazmontazh company, which is responsible for the construction, assure that by the beginning of the tourist season, everyone will be able to get to the peninsula by car without a ferry crossing.

The bridge itself is more than 90% complete, but the road infrastructure of the Crimea itself does not keep up with the builders. While urgent supplies are being made to it from the side of Kerch, the construction of routes is also underway that will connect the bridge with Simferopol, Sevastopol, Yalta, bypassing major cities and avoid traffic jams. As noted by the authorities of the republic, it is important not only to launch the bridge, but also to avoid a transport collapse so that tourists do not leave Crimea with negative reviews.

In the first months, only cars and buses will be able to drive across the Crimean bridge without restrictions. Truck traffic is expected to start in the autumn, and the rails will be laid at the end of the year. The Tavrida highway, which will connect Sevastopol and Kerch, is still under construction, so tourists need to be prepared that problems with roads on the peninsula itself have not yet been resolved.

The scheme of movement on the bridge to the Crimea

The Ministry of Transport foresees that during the summer holidays, many Russians will want to get to the Crimea through Taman. In order to prevent traffic jams and increased loads on the bridge, a decision was made to draw up a traffic scheme.

When the Crimean bridge across the Kerch Strait is opened, buses and cars will be the first to cross it. Due to the fact that the bridge will be built in a shorter time than planned, this will happen in the spring of 2018! Freight transport will be able to move along the Kerch bridge according to the schedule, mainly at night. An exception will be made only for special vehicles serving the construction of the bridge. By the end of the year, all four lanes will be operational, and the throughput will be 40,000 vehicles per day.

Despite the fact that transport interchanges with the rest road network not yet completed, in May, a through road will start operating on the banks of the Taman from the A-290 highway to the Crimean bridge. On the Crimean side, at this time, an auto-approach from the bridge to the interchange with the Tavrida highway will start working. From here, the movement of vehicles will continue along the existing Kerch-Simferopol highway.

When the new lanes of the Tavrida highway are put into operation, auto-approaches to the bridge will begin to operate, and the restriction for freight transport will be lifted.

A parallel railway bridge will also open in 2019. It will carry, according to preliminary estimates, more than 14 million passengers a year.

What do builders do a month before the opening date of the Crimean bridge?

AT this moment work is underway to improve traffic safety and environmental safety bridge. To reduce the noise load, acoustic screens 3-6 meters high are installed on the areas adjacent to the Kerch Strait on both sides. The same screens on both sides will be installed on the bridge itself: 700 meters long from the side of Taman and 1300 meters from the side of the Kerch coast.

According to experts, the noise-protective panels are made of stainless steel, while the sound-absorbing panels will be made of mineral wool. The panel is very resistant to fire, water and wind, and anti-vandal safety is provided by stiffening ribs installed at a distance of a meter from each other.

Trees planted at the entrance to the bridge according to a special scheme will also help reduce the acoustic load. The same screens will be installed on the railway bridge when it is ready to go into operation. Noise barriers will also be installed on road approaches to the bridge on both sides, the area of ​​protective screens will be 25,000 m² on each side.

The bridge itself will not be left without additional protection - fairings are mounted along the facade of the arch, which can remove the effect of wind on the arched span and make the passage over the bridge comfortable. The fact is that the wind speed just at the level of the roadway through the arch can reach 40 meters per second. After testing, the shape of the fairings was designed like that of an aircraft wing. Protection against aerodynamic phenomena consists of 190 structural elements and is similar to the cornice on the facade. It is noteworthy that they were mounted from the arch, the movement of ships along the strait was not limited.

The arrangement of the road is also coming to an end: a barrier fence and all lighting have been installed. When waterproofing is applied to the roadbed, it will be possible to start laying the final road surface. So the moment when the Kerch bridge will be opened is not far off.

What is unique about the Crimean bridge?

The idea to throw a bridge across the strait existed before. In the 11th century, Prince Gleb took care of it, in 1870 - the British, at the beginning of the 20th century - Nicholas II, in 1942 - the Germans, but construction began only in 1944. It was still built, even loads went through it, but since, in addition to metal, wooden piles were involved, the bridge could not withstand the ice drift and was dismantled, they did not begin to repair it. Instead of the bridge, a crossing was arranged, which has been working properly for all the years, but will end its existence in May 2018.

The Crimean bridge is unique in many respects:

• the length of its arches is 227 meters, the height is 45 meters, and the weight is 5 thousand tons;
• the dimensions of the passage under the bridge are 185 m in width and 35 m in height;
• it took 46,000 liters of anti-corrosion paint to paint the arch;
• the arch is equipped with viewing passages, lightning protection, alarm;
• the bridge will be able to withstand an earthquake of 9.1 points without any problems;
• the structure is being built by a team of 13,000 people without days off.

When the Crimean Bridge opens in May 2018, it will be the longest structure in Russia. Its length will be 19 km - however, 11.5 of them will pass by land.

By the way, the Crimean bridge even has its own talisman! Cat Bridge closely follows the work and loves to pose against the backdrop of piles.

So far, you can get to the Crimea with the help of a ferry crossing, where, due to the large flow of tourists, there has been a very difficult situation. During the holiday season, about 2 thousand cars accumulate at the crossing, which have to wait for their turn for days.

In order to choose the most optimal option for laying the bridge, 74 options were analyzed. The potential intensity of automobile and railway transport, construction costs, the feasibility of building tunnel crossings.

The most probable experts immediately called the "Tuzla alignment", since it was this route of the Kerch bridge that was initially shorter than the others by 10-15 km. However, its main advantage is its remoteness from the Kerch ferry crossing and intensive shipping.

This option also makes it possible to use the Tuzla Spit, 750 meters wide. It is proposed to lay a road and a railway along it, which will reduce the number of bridge crossings by 6.5 km, which means that the labor intensity and cost of construction will decrease significantly.

The first bridge, 1.4 km long, will run from the Taman Peninsula to Tuzla Island, and the second, 6.1 km long, is designed to connect Tuzla with the Kerch Peninsula. Total length bridge will be about 19 km.

On the Crimean coast, a highway will be laid to the M-17 highway 8 km long and a railway 17.8 km long to the station. Bagerovo, through which the railway of republican significance passes. AT Krasnodar Territory a highway to the M-25 road with a length of 41 km and a railway with a length of 42 km to the Vyshesteblievskaya intermediate station on the Kavkaz-Crimea railway are being designed.

Few people know, but the railway bridge across the Kerch Strait was already built once. More than fifty years ago, when the Germans still hoped to gain complete power over all of Eurasia, Hitler hatched a blue dream - to connect Germany with the countries of the Persian Gulf through the Kerch Strait by rail. During the occupation of the peninsula fascist troops steel structures for the construction of the bridge were brought to the Crimea. Work began in the spring of 1944, after the liberation of the Crimean peninsula from the Nazi invaders.

On November 3, 1944, the bridge was opened rail traffic. However, after three months the bridge supports were destroyed by ice. Having lost my strategic importance, the bridge was dismantled and replaced ferry crossing. However, regardless of such a seemingly primitive design, the construction of a bridge of such length on the sea strait in war time - historical event and technical achievement.

The new Kerch bridge is supposed to be made two-level, since it should include railways and highway. At the same time, on some sections of the bridge, trains will move in parallel with cars, and on others they will pass above or below them.

The Crimean or Kerch Bridge is a project that was planned to be implemented for a little over 100 years. Crimea has always been one of essential elements consciousness of Russians. The construction of the largest and longest structure in the Russian Federation is considered a symbol of patriotism, movement towards a new world. The construction of the Crimean bridge has become one of the most significant events in history modern Russia. His discovery marked new era in the socio-economic segment of the life of the peninsula and the whole country.

Top view of the Crimean bridge across the Kerch Strait

Bridge length	19 kilometers
bridge height	80 meters
Dome height above water	35 meters
Bridge Width (Auto Part)	19.5 meters
Number of lanes	6 (4 cars, 2 railways)
Bandwidth auto/day	40 000
Construction start date	February 2016
Bridge opening date	May 16, 2018
Permitted speed	90 km/h
Price	227.92 billion rubles

The idea of ​​\u200b\u200bbuilding the Crimean bridge

The largest and most labor-intensive construction in the Russian Federation is almost completed. But the project is not a new trend. It was planned to build the Crimean bridge in the distant times of the reign of Tsar Nicholas II. In 1910 Russian Empire there was already a plan that planned to connect the peninsula with the main continent. But the project was not destined to take place due to the outbreak of the First World War.

At the end of hostilities and post-war reconstruction country, the idea to build the Kerch bridge has not disappeared. In the 1930s, Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin again thought about the need to build a road across the strait. The plans were to lay railroad tracks. But this time too, the unstable situation in the world prevented the implementation of large-scale construction.

In 1944, the railway bridge to the Crimea still managed to be built. Construction lasted 150 days, and its length reached 4.5 kilometers. The work was carried out on the orders of Hitler German specialists. During the siege of the Crimea, this route was necessary for the transport of goods to the Kuban. After displacement german army the building was badly damaged, but Soviet engineers were able to restore and improve the routes through the Kerch Strait.

Crimean bridge on the map

But the winter of 1945 turned out to be too harsh for the construction, the authorities did not have the opportunity to devote time to the maintenance and timely strengthening of the crossing. By February, more of the supports had been destroyed by ice, causing a major accident. Ideas to restore the building arose in 1946, but the project was considered too costly. The bridge across the Kerch Strait was never built.

Negotiations with Ukraine in 2010-2013 became the final stage in planning communication between the peninsula and the Russian Federation. An agreement was made to create a path through the water. But the final and successful construction began after the Crimea became part of the Russian Federation.

Chronology of the construction of the Crimean bridge

After the annexation of the peninsula to Russia, the ministers were asked about transport communication with the peninsula. The official construction of the Kerch Bridge began in February 2016, when the builders immersed the first piles. After that, the work unfolded in several directions - the sea and land routes.

Initially, there were 4 options for connecting the earth, taking into account various factors. Three ideas originated from a spit called Chushka, but they turned out to be less successful, so it was decided to choose a less dangerous project. The choice of where the Crimean bridge begins and ends fell on the gap from the Taman Peninsula, going through the Tuzla Spit and directly to the island of Tuzla.

The decision was due to the fact that in other parts there was a high risk of building a building due to tectonic faults. In addition, within the limits it was necessary to place facilities for servicing the facility, construction sites.

The beginning of the construction of the Crimean bridge was launched at the beginning of 2016 under the leadership of the Stroygazmontazh company. By spring, the supporting structures were erected. At the beginning of summer, the construction company installed the first superstructures. The work was carried out immediately from eight points of the future bridge.

Already on April 26, 2018, evaluation tests of the automobile part of the bridge were carried out. Finished project was handed over by the contractor ahead of schedule - May 16, 2018. The completion of work on the creation of the railway part will last until 2019.

Video: Special report on the construction of the Crimean bridge

The main characteristics of the Crimean bridge

The length of the Crimean bridge is considered the largest among other elevated bridges. transport routes countries. At the same time, it has two parts located above the water, as well as a section providing supports on the island of Tuzla.

The team working on the design of the structure paid special attention to the features of the building. It was extremely important not to create obstacles for navigable transport, as well as to provide a reliable crossing that would withstand natural conditions.

The length of the Crimean bridge across the Kerch Strait from the peninsula to the island of Tuzla is 5.5 kilometers. On this segment there is a navigable corridor, which allows for maritime communication. The wave-like arrangement of the structure nodes is due to the need to bypass seismically active and volcanic areas. Therefore, the length of the Kerch bridge is considered colossal in comparison with the modern buildings of the country.

The works of 2017 turned out to be the most difficult, when the builders had to lay the sea spans of the building. Scrupulous and well-planned actions made it possible to pave a significant path in short term. Possible difficulties with unstable ground were taken into account, natural conditions. Crimean bridge length km - 19.

The structure is considered not only the longest, but also quite high, since the total vertical distance reaches 80 meters. The height of the Crimean bridge on the upper support (arch) is 35 meters.

Crimean bridge - infographic

The geographical location of the Crimean bridge

The construction originates from the mainland of Russia on the Taman Peninsula. It is from this section that you need to start the journey if you plan to travel to the Crimea along new design. The end of the crossing is located in the area of ​​​​historical monuments. cultural heritage earth. You can find out where the Crimean bridge starts and where it ends by looking at a modern atlas.

A similar path can be made from the Kerch Peninsula to the mainland. At the end of the road, the driver will be in Taman. The Crimean bridge is already shown on the map with the necessary landmarks, so travelers will not have difficulty finding the way. During the trip, the Tuzlinskaya Spit is crossed.

At the time of the design, there were disputes about which points the Crimean bridge would connect. But after a thorough analysis, it was decided that it was the crossing from the side of Tuzla, and not Chushka, that would be the best option. This is due large quantity difficulties associated with the construction of the structure across the Chushka Peninsula.

The Crimean bridge on the map of the Black Sea passes through the Kerch Strait, skirting dangerous volcanic territories. From the side of the Tuzla Spit, the distance to Tuzla Island reaches 7 km. The distance along the land part is 6.5 km, and the length of the offshore section near the Kerch Peninsula is 5.5 km.

Before the opening, road signs were installed on the Crimean bridge, indicating where and where to go. Therefore, those who do not live in the nearby territory will also find their way to the bridge. Also, lighting was provided along the route, which allows you to comfortably move around the grandiose structure.

Where the Crimean bridge begins from the side of the main part of Russia, there is a mark on the map - Taman. This peninsula is officially considered the place where the crossing to Kerch comes from. During construction, a camp was built in the village for shift workers erecting the structure.

Opening of the Crimean bridge

So far, the Crimean bridge has been opened only in the automotive part. The railway passage is still being finalized, final events are being carried out. In addition, while there is a restriction for freight transport. The launch of traffic on the railway line is planned for the winter of 2019.

Officially, the opening date of the Crimean road bridge at 5:30 am on May 16th. Russian President Vladimir Putin came to the grand event.

One of the first to pass through the structure, ready and open for driving, was the unofficial mascot of the construction site - a cat named Bridge, who accompanied the process of erecting a colossal project.

The mascot of the Crimean bridge is a cat named Mostik

The grand opening of the Crimean bridge was accompanied by driving on both sides of the Kerch Strait without stopping transport. It has become important requirement for the operation of the building. The crossing must be carried out in accordance with the route map provided by the authorities. For trucks over 3.5 tons, the passage is not yet provided.

So since May 2018, traffic on the Crimean bridge has been officially opened for motorists and motorcyclists. Trucks will be able to cross the structure by autumn 2018, and the tracks will be fully operational by December 2019.

Will the Crimean bridge be paid?

The traffic pattern on the Crimean bridge is standard, but it is important to take into account that it is impossible to make stops along the way through the crossing. The representatives of the authorities did not announce the collection of finances for travel on the new construction. The movement is open and free, except for certain restrictions. The throughput of cars per day is 40,000. Total lanes on which driving is carried out - 4 (2 in both directions of the road).

The scheme of the entrance to the Crimean bridge is posted on the resource of the Ministry of Roads of Crimea. From the side of the mainland, it is necessary to drive up to the structure from the side of Taman on the corresponding peninsula. For environmental reasons, the nearest connection of the route departing from the crossing with Kerch is 5 km from the city.

The speed limit for cars on the Crimean bridge is no more than 90 km/h. Estimated speed for freight trains equal to 80 km / h, and passenger - 120 km / h.

The construction of the Crimean bridge is rightfully considered the Construction of the Century for the Russian Federation. This building is the longest in the country, but it is also equal to the longest buildings in Europe. The connection of the peninsula with the mainland will allow to withdraw economic policy to a new level, as well as to regulate pricing in the Crimea. This is an excellent event for tourism and other segments of the country's life.

Positive changes after the construction of the Crimean bridge - infographic

Krymsky Bridge is a major infrastructure project of the Russian Federation.

The bridge passes through the Kerch Strait and connects the Crimean peninsula with mainland Russia, with the Krasnodar Territory.

Putting the bridge into explantation is truly sacred for our country. It marks the unity of Russia and Crimea. Every inhabitant of our country has dreamed of this road since the events of 2014.

Why was the Crimean Bridge built?

The Crimean bridge was built to simplify and build new logistics links between the regions of Russia and the republic. The operation of the bridge solves the problems of logistics and gives a powerful impetus economic development Crimea. The issues of supplying the region with the necessary goods, equipment, marketing finished products from the region. Commodity prices in the region will fall as supply chains become cheaper.

The work of the bridge will also significantly boost the economy of Taman, which is practically becoming a suburb of the city of Kerch. For sure, new production, housing and logistics centers will appear near the bridge. After the bridge is put into operation, we can expect a rapid growth of the Crimean economy in agriculture, ship repair and shipbuilding, chemical industry.

Crimean bridge photo

Separately, it is worth highlighting the tourism sector. Logistical accessibility and lower prices for goods and services can spur domestic tourism to growth.

The length of the Crimean bridge

The length of the Crimean bridge is 19 kilometers.

The cost of the Crimean bridge

The total cost of the Crimean bridge amounted to 227.92 billion rubles.

Opening of the Crimean bridge

The Crimean bridge was opened ahead of schedule. It was planned that the first cars will drive over the bridge on December 18, 2018. But the opening took place on May 15, 2018. The object was solemnly opened by the President of Russia Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin himself, driving across the bridge in a KAMAZ truck. The opening ceremony of the bridge was broadcast on Channel One and Rossiya 24. The railway bridge is scheduled to open on December 1, 2019.

Crimean bridge characteristics

The bridge is unique not only for Russia, but also for the whole world. The bridge consists of two parallel roads - automobile and railway. The length of the bridge is 19 kilometers. Part of the route runs along the existing dam and the island of Tuzla.

The highway of the Crimean bridge consists of four lanes. The permitted speed is 120 kilometers per hour. The capacity of the highway is forty thousand cars per day. Railway, capable of passing forty-seven pairs of trains per day. Passenger trains move at a speed of 120 kilometers per hour, freight trains - 80. During the operation of the bridge, navigation in the Kerch Strait will not be affected. Arched spans reach a length of 227 meters, and a height of 35 meters above the water.

Who is the customer of the project?

The customer of the bridge project is - " federal government highways Taman»

Who is the project contractor

The project contractor is Stroygazmontazh

bridge designer

The design of the bridge was carried out by CJSC "Institute Gidrostroymost St. Petersburg".

Protection of the Crimean bridge

The Crimean bridge is a callus on the eyes of the Western public. That's why Russian Federation gives Special attention safeguarding such an important infrastructure project. In October 2017, the Russian Guard formed naval brigade responsible for the protection of the area. At the disposal of the detachment are anti-sabotage boats of project 21980 "Rook", combat swimmers.

Bridge abutments protected hydraulic structures from rams of possible pests and saboteurs. The perimeter of the bridge, screening systems, video cameras, security posts with armored vehicles are also actively guarded.

Technical characteristics and features of the Crimean bridge

The bridge stands on 595 pillars. The supports themselves stand on pile foundations. During construction, more than seven thousand different piles were driven in. The piles are driven to a depth of 12 meters on land and up to 90 meters on water.

project of the Crimean bridge photo

Many metal structures of the bridge are in the water. Therefore, special protective structures were provided for during the projection. The builders used waterproof concrete, tried to eliminate all cracks and cracks where water penetrates and corrosion occurs.

• The idea to build a bridge connecting the Crimea and Taman appeared in the 11th century. Prince Gleb in 1064 walked here on the ice. His journey was about 30 kilometers. At that time, it was not possible to build such a bridge, there were many technical problems.
• In the 19th century, Great Britain dreamed of a direct railway line to India. So in 1870, the British seriously considered the possibility of building a bridge. But the high cost of the project and the technical aspects did not allow the plans to be realized.
• also the dream of a bridge across the Kerch project, but the plans of the emperor were destroyed.
• During the Great Patriotic War, Crimea was occupied. The Germans decided to build a bridge for the supply of provisions and weapons to the Caucasus. But soon Crimea was liberated. The bridge was completed by Soviet engineers.
• The first Crimean bridge stood for half a year. There is a legend that Stalin himself rode on it. The bridge was destroyed by ice in the spring of the victorious 1945
• Ferry service between Taman and Kerch was launched in 1954.
• The new bridge is the longest in Russia.
• Before the start of construction, the area was surveyed by sappers and archaeologists. The years here have gone by bloody battles, sappers found more than 700 unexploded shells. Archaeologists have discovered many objects from antiquity, bronze age and the Middle Ages.
• The Crimean bridge passes through a seismically active area. But the engineers bypassed all the joints tectonic plates, securing the object. In addition, the engineering structure was seriously strengthened, and no landslides and earthquakes are terrible for the bridge.
• It took 400 tons of metal structures to make one support of the bridge. Of all the supports, 32 Eiffel Towers could be built.
• The construction of the bridge was carried out by 3,500 thousand workers and engineers from different regions Russia

Results

Krymsky bridge, a unique building that marks a new milestone in the history of Russia. Despite all the difficulties, sanctions, international pressure, the country is coming on the right course. The course is aimed at comprehensive development, progress, independence from external conjecture.