Unfortunately, statistics show that every year the number of children with a delay mental development is growing. Such a delay, in turn, provokes a violation of speech and mental functions. Deal with violations speech development classes on special techniques will help: massage of the earlobes, massage of the tongue for the development of the child's speech, articulatory gymnastics. All of them are aimed at one goal - to help the baby develop his speech.

Speech therapy massage - what is it?

Speech therapy massage is a popular method of corrective and pedagogical influence. It is based on the mechanical effect on the speech apparatus. With proper exposure, normalization of speech occurs.

This technique has been used for a long time, but continues to evolve every year. Defectologists, teachers, speech therapists are constantly developing new methods and tactics for massage. There are classes like professional level, and home (performed by parents or the child himself).

What goals do specialists pursue when prescribing speech therapy exercises?

• To tone the muscles of the face.
• Normalize the work of inactive muscles.
• Reduce pathological movements in the muscles (convulsions, hyperkinesis, etc.).
• Increase the range of articulatory movements.
• Form arbitrary articulatory movements.
• Correct the condition with paresis and paralysis of muscles.

How to develop the most significant areas for a child in 20-30 minutes a day

• Three ready-made scenarios for complex developmental classes in pdf format;
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• A plan diagram for compiling such activities at home

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Effective types of logo massage

Recognized as the most popular the following types speech therapy massage.

1. Classic or manual massage. It is carried out by a specialist with the help of hands and various devices (toothbrush, spatula). Patting, stroking, rubbing, light vibration are used.
2. Probe massage according to Novikova. This type of influence was proposed by speech therapist Elena Viktorovna Novikova. It is carried out with the help of devices (axes, forks and others).
3. Acupressure, during which the specialist acts on the points associated with the speech apparatus. Stimulation of these points contributes to the activation of speech.
4. Vibratory massage.
5. Self massage, during which the baby himself massages the muscles of the face.

All types of massage (except the last one) are carried out qualified specialists. If it is not possible to constantly conduct classes with a specialist, parents can do logomassage. To do this, they need to take a course in the necessary massage technique.

Depending on the ultimate goal massage is divided into 2 types:

1. soothing (with hypertonicity, paresis);
2. activating (with cerebral palsy).

Indications for carrying out

Massage for the development of speech has clear indications for:

1. all kinds of stuttering;
2. various speech defects (aphasia, dyslalia, bradilalia);
3. loss of voice (partial);
4. minor voice disturbances;
5. uncontrolled salivation;
6. cerebral palsy (infantile cerebral palsy);
7. pronunciation pathology caused by strong facial muscle tension;
8. hypertonicity of the facial muscles;
9. development problems articulatory muscles;
10. dysarthria (limited mobility of the tongue, palate, lips).

Indications for speech therapy massage are determined by the doctor. Parents of the baby are given a referral to visit a masseur or speech therapist in the nursery. medical institution. If parents do not want to visit a public specialist, they can turn to a private one. At the same time, it is definitely worth checking his qualifications (availability of diplomas and certificates).

Contraindications

Logomassage has a number of contraindications:

1. stomatitis, gingivitis and other diseases of the oral cavity;
2. conjunctivitis, blepharitis and other eye diseases;
3. infectious diseases general type (chickenpox, influenza, measles and others);
4. herpetic infection;
5. pulsation of arteries and veins;
6. swollen lymph nodes;
7. skin diseases (dermatitis, lichen);
8. exacerbation of any somatic disease;
9. violation of the integrity of the massaged skin (abrasions, cuts);
10. bruises on the face;
11. violations of the vascular wall, thrombosis;
12. oncological diseases;
13. fungal lesions of the skin;
14. the child's fear of a specialist or devices;
15. baby skin hypersensitivity.

The local neuropathologist must issue a certificate to parents stating that there are no contraindications for speech therapy massage. An experienced and qualified speech therapist will definitely require this document from parents.

Features of logo massage

Carrying out exercises for speech correction in children is a serious action that requires special training of a specialist, parents and children. Therefore it is important to know certain rules preparation.

Preparation of a speech therapist before the session consists in drawing up an individual exercise plan for each child and observing sanitary and hygienic standards:

• clean individual clothing (gown or suit), medical gloves, mask;
• disposable or disinfected instruments;
• frequent hand washing or use of an antiseptic solution;
• the use of an antiseptic solution for the baby's oral cavity ("Miramistin", "Geksoral");
• use of sterile wipes.

Parent and child preparation is also important.

• If the session is held at home, it is necessary to ventilate the room.
• The child should not be hungry. But you should not feed him immediately before the arrival of a specialist.
• If the baby is not in the mood, is naughty and cries, it is worth postponing logomassage.
• If the baby does not feel well (headache, nausea, other symptoms), it is worth postponing the session.

The duration of one massage session depends on the age of the child. The smaller the baby, the shorter the work with a speech therapist.

• Age from 0 to 3 years - 5-10 minutes.
• Age from 4 to 7 years - 15-20 minutes.
• School-age child - more than 20 minutes.

The first logomassage session should not last more than 5-10 minutes. For the first time, the baby meets a speech therapist, new experience mechanical impact. If the child reacted normally for the first time, feel free to increase the duration of the work.

The massage course consists of 10-20 procedures. There are 2-3 classes per week. Sometimes, by special need, classes can take place every other day or alternate with other rehabilitation activities. If a child needs several courses, then a break is observed between them. The minimum duration of the break is 14 days. During this time, the baby's body has time to rebuild and prepare for a new impact.

Various massage techniques

Consider the basic massage techniques depending on the areas involved.

Speech therapy tongue massage

• It is carried out with professional devices (probes, spatulas) or improvised materials (spoons, toothbrushes). Can be carried out with hands in sterile gloves.
• During the procedure, dry sterile wipes are placed under the tongue to absorb excess saliva.
• If there are complaints of pain and discomfort on the part of the child, work stops until the next time.

Speech therapy face massage

• It is carried out in stages, from top to bottom. The forehead is treated first, then the cheeks, nose, lips, chin and neck.
• Impact on special points is carried out.
• Instead of manual massage, massage with teaspoons can be performed.

Speech therapy hand massage

• Hand work improves fine motor skills.
• Impact on certain points improves the nervous and brain activity gives a positive attitude.
• The warmth of the hands of a specialist soothes and relaxes.

Ear lobe massage

• First, the ears are massaged separately, and then together.
• The movement starts from the lower edge of the earlobe, gradually moving up.
• All movements are smooth, gentle, but rhythmic.

Speech therapy children's massage at home

If it is not possible to constantly engage with a specialist, then the logo massage technique can be mastered at home. To do this, you need to take special courses or ask for help from an experienced speech therapist. Professionals in their field will teach the minimum set of techniques and exercises for proper development speech apparatus. This experience will help parents more than once in the future.

How is massage done at home?

1. After the diagnosis is made, individual plan activities with the baby. Adults choose the appropriate exercises. So, with hypotonicity of the facial muscles, a completely different tactic will be used than with uncontrolled salivation.
2. The room is being prepared for the procedure. It must be removed and ventilated.
3. Tools for the procedure (toothbrush, spatula, spoons) are thoroughly washed and treated with boiling water.
4. If the procedure is performed in the oral cavity, clean medical gloves must be worn.
5. The parent washes their hands with soap and treats them with an alcohol-based antiseptic.
6. The child is in a semi-sitting position with a soft cushion under the neck.
7. Best movements: stroking, rubbing, light vibration. It is necessary to monitor the mood of the baby. Massage is not carried out if the baby is not in the spirit. The time of logomassage is regulated according to children's age. If the baby has no signs of allergy, aromatic oils can be used (lavender oil - soothes, lemon oil - tones and starts brain activity). For babies, it is better to use not oils, but powders.
8. At the end of the session, it is important to praise the baby, tell him pleasant words. You can play your favorite games with it. Such actions will form a benevolent attitude towards classes in the children's mind.

Here is an example of simple massage exercises that help strengthen the articulatory muscles. And it is easy to carry out with the child at home.

All movements are repeated eight to ten times and are carried out "from the center" to the periphery. Includes stroking, kneading, rubbing and pinching.

1. Light strokes of the upper part of the shoulder girdle (from bottom to top).
2. Stroking the chin and lower face (in the direction from the center to the ears)
3. Lip massage: stroking alternately upper and lower lip in the direction from the middle to the corners. Stroking the nasolabial folds (in the direction from the corners of the lips to the nose). Then a slight pinching of the lips in the direction from the middle to the corners.
4. Facial massage. Stroking from the middle to the temples of the forehead, then from the middle to the hair. Stroking eyebrows, cheeks. Kneading the buccal and zygomatic muscles - ( circular motions in a spiral from the center to the ears). And we finish by pinching the cheeks.
5. Tongue massage. Includes soft circular movements to knead the tongue from the tip to the middle (front and along the side edges). Then sips of the tongue are made (holding the tip) - up, down, left, right. And we “comb” the tongue with a toothbrush with movements from the depth to the bottom. We finish the massage with kneading - squeezing the tongue from the sides in the direction "from the sides to the middle."

Children's speech therapy massage at home gives good results in combination with articulatory gymnastics. And if you add breathing exercises, physiotherapy, learning specialized games and tongue twisters, and maternal care, there is simply amazing progress in the development of speech. Doctors advise parents not to despair, but to study logomassage techniques. This invaluable experience will help out mom or dad more than once, even while raising a healthy baby.

Massage speech therapy procedures are one of the methods corrective action at various forms speech development disorders. Speech therapy massage has a beneficial effect on the human body and stimulates the muscular and nervous systems, which is important for the speech-motor process. It can be part of a complex of medical and pedagogical recovery of adults after strokes, children, adolescents who are diagnosed with speech disorders and disorders (including stuttering).

Why do speech therapists prescribe massage?

Speech therapy massage is a mechanical irritation (stroking, kneading) in the areas of the muscles of the upper shoulder girdle, neck, head, especially the area of ​​the tongue, soft palate, cheeks and lips. In practice, physiotherapy reduces the period of formation and normalization of the pronunciation side of speech under the influence of a speech therapy character, helps to improve the state of the voice, speech breathing, stabilizes the emotional background of a person. This procedure is considered one of the tools for the development of speech - this is how you can characterize what speech therapy massage (LM) is.

But the reasons for speech that is incomprehensible to others can be not only violations of the tone of the organs of articulation (mobility of the muscle tissues of the lips, tongue), but also problems of grammatical construction of speech and syllabic structures of words, underdevelopment phonemic hearing. Therefore, a systematic approach is needed to correct general and speech development.

The main tasks of speech therapy massage include the activation and normalization of the peripheral speech and articulation apparatus, the strengthening of the pharyngeal reflex, the stimulation of speech development, and the reduction of salivation.

About indications and contraindications for massage

There are certain indications for speech therapy massage associated with impaired articulatory motility. These include:

- a state of dysarthria - when there are violations of the innervation (supply of nerves) of the muscles of the speech apparatus;

– mechanical dyslalia(shortening of the hyoid ligament);

- rhinolalia (impaired speech pronunciation due to defects in the structure of the speech apparatus).

To do this, a speech therapist examines the patient, excluding contraindications:

- conditions with acute inflammatory processes and elevated body temperature;

- the presence of epilepsy, seizures;

- infectious diseases of the oral cavity;

- rashes of herpes on the lips, skin diseases on the head;

- propensity to bleed from the nose;

- vomiting, nausea;

- conjunctivitis.

There are cases when LM is prescribed to a child with autism, motor alalia, speech development delay (SRR). Speech therapy massage for ZRR is a dubious appointment, since it helps to correct sound pronunciation, and the child this case does not speak. Therefore, it can be used not as the main method of correction, but only in combination with other methods.

Types of massage

It is necessary to understand for what purpose the massage course is prescribed, whether it will be activating or relaxing, with what accompaniment it will be carried out (setting sounds, articulatory gymnastics).

Types of speech therapy massage are classified into:

- classic - with a standard set of manual techniques;

- point - impact on bioactive points;

- hardware - a technique using vacuum and vibration devices;

- probe - massage using a special tool according to the method of Novikova E.V.;

- massage developed by Dyakova E.A. - a systematized and generalized methodology for various kinds of speech disorders;

- segmental-reflex - performed using the classical technique with segmental division into zones (face-head - cervical region - collar zone).

About therapeutic classical massage

The traditional type of massage is performed on the damaged area of ​​the body directly or next to it, while the reflex effect is not taken into account. The procedure involves the LM of the face and tongue, as well as gymnastics for respiratory and articulation apparatus. Apply classic massage techniques.

Speech therapy massage in pictures can be seen below.

1. Working out the frontal part of the face: stroking movements from the middle of the forehead to the temple, to the hair from the eyebrows and slight kneading of the frontal zone.
   
   
2. Cheek zone: kneading, stretching along the cheeks from the corners of the mouth to the temporal part of the face, to the lower part of the chin from the cheekbones.
   
   
3. Nose area: stroking and stretching movements of the wings of the nose, then stroking to the corners of the mouth.
   
   
4. Mouth zone: the lower and upper lips are stroked alternately with a stretch to the corners.
   
   
5. Chin area: working out with stroking and kneading techniques from the center to the periphery.
   
   

Such a speech therapy facial massage for a child can be done at home. After that, a massage of the lingual muscles is carried out and, if necessary, gymnastics.

Briefly about performing acupressure

The effectiveness of acupressure largely depends on the correct determination of the localization of the impact points during palpation; pulsation is often noted on the face in such places. You should start the massage course with the study of no more than four points, with a gradual increase in their number.

Acupressure speech therapy massage is performed using complexes of bioactive points (BAP) depending on the goals pursued by the procedure (for example, to normalize articulatory muscles or tension in muscle tissues voice apparatus). Massaging of symmetrical points is performed simultaneously and in pairs, points of local and general action. Sessions are held every other day with a treatment course determined by the doctor.

Probe massage method

The technique of probe massage of the tongue was developed by Novikova E.V. The author created special techniques and special tools - a set of eight probes. Each of the probes used is intended for a specific area of ​​the soft palate, cheeks, lips, tongue and contributes to the gradual resuscitation of the area being treated. Upon examination, the doctor determines the degree of damage to the muscles of the child's face and the number of sessions required.

Such a children's speech therapy massage at home can be performed under the condition special education parents. Carrying out a probe LM requires training and experience, therefore it should be carried out by an experienced masseur-speech therapist. It is important that the child does not experience discomfort during this. This procedure is contraindicated in infants under six months of age.

About massage according to the method of Dyakova E.A.

Speech therapists use the method developed by E.A. Dyakova. She was able to systematize and present a description of the LM methods and techniques, as well as substantiate the expediency of its use in various forms of speech disorders.

In the book "Speech therapy massage" Dyakova E.A. described in detail the physiological aspects of the complex of massage procedures, the procedure for the diagnostic examination of patients, detailed methodologies differentiated and point LM and basic techniques of speech therapy massage.

With a slow, light effect, the excitability of tissues decreases, which has a relaxing effect. And with fast movements, the irritability of the tissues increases, therefore, the muscles contract. The use of differentiated massage techniques helps to increase muscle tone in case of hypotension and decrease them in case of spasticity. articulatory muscles.

Reduced muscle tone: technique and massage techniques

Reduced muscle tone can be caused by Down syndrome, rickets, and other diseases that require activation of muscle groups. Speech therapy massage with reduced tone of the tongue is carried out in the classical technique, starting with the face. Each of the techniques is repeated up to ten times.

Stroking, rubbing techniques are performed, at the end they use tapping and tingling. A feature of the procedure will be an increasing pressure force, while the child should experience a comfortable feeling. Particular attention is paid to the muscles of the lips: each lip is massaged separately, the nasolabial folds are carefully worked out.

Massage with increased muscle tone: basic techniques and methods

Increased muscular excitation due to hypoxia, birth injuries, is stopped by a relaxing massage technique. From classical tricks preference is given to strokes and vibrations.

Speech therapy massage with increased tone of the tongue begins in the collar zone, moves to the shoulders, then to the face, tongue and lips. To relax the tongue, a light massaging of the neck is carried out with the head turning left and right, counterclockwise and clockwise.

The massage is performed with slightly pressing, smooth, light movements. A series of smoothing techniques is carried out in the areas of the forehead, cheeks, eyes, chin, with the transition to the neck-collarbone area and back to the face (earlobes).

Relaxing speech therapy massage involves working out the muscles of the tongue using up-down and right-left swaying, smooth stroking of the edges and center. The direction of movement on the tongue is carried out to the root from the tip. At the end of the session, the tongue is pulled forward and movements are made to the sides.

The procedure for performing massage of the muscles of the tongue

Massage of the muscles of the tongue should be done in the supine position two hours before or after meals. Start the procedure by working out the gums horizontal movements, then the movements along the gums change to vertical.

From the middle line, the palate is massaged with a finger, while the child can pronounce the sounds E and A. The exercise is duplicated up to 15 times.

Speech therapy massage of the tongue is carried out with the fingers of one hand, and the massaged organ itself is held by the phalanges of the second hand. To do this, use the techniques of stroking, patting, as well as grinding, vibration, tingling with a special probe, flattening the tongue with an enema-syringe.

To relax the muscle tissue of the tongue, do under lower jaw vibrating movements with the index finger in the zone of the submandibular fossa and at the angles of the jaw - 15 seconds each. Movements along the tongue muscles can be straight, circular, spiral, the directions of their movement are indicated in the figure.
Speech therapy mouth massage is an obligatory stage of preparation before starting a tongue massage.

About speech therapy massage with spoons

Effective for the process of speech formation in a child is a technique that uses ordinary spoons as a tool for LM. The procedure provides for the study of the surfaces of the face and neck with the convex side of the spoons, stroking and rubbing techniques.

Speech therapy massage with spoons can be carried out with children in a playful way. At the same time, massaging, which is performed by the child himself, has a pleasant effect, since the baby will not hurt himself. The different temperature of the spoons can be used for stimulating or relaxing massage effects.

This method can serve preparatory stage for probe and classical massages, to articulatory gymnastics. Also, during the procedure, the child learns the names of the parts of the face, the development of fine motor skills occurs.

When familiarizing themselves with the technique of conducting and the rules of massage with the help of spoons, parents will be able to perform it themselves at home, in particular if speech therapy massage is prescribed for children of two years.

Briefly about the massage technique for dysarthria

When eliminating dysarthria caused by a lesion nervous system, requires massage procedures on the lingual muscles and correction of sound pronunciation using articulation and breathing exercises. LM will contribute to the normalization of muscle tone and pronunciation of words, help to eliminate voice disorders. It is recommended to use a differentiated speech therapy massage.

With dysarthria, massage sessions activate and strengthen the labial muscles with acupressure technique. Before massaging the tongue, passive gymnastics is performed, relaxing and stretching the muscular basal tissues of the tongue. The duration of the procedure depends on the degree of the disease and the age of the patient.

Features of massage with alalia and rhinolalia

The group of speech disorders, called alalia, includes conditions in which the child's speech occurs with a strong delay (not formed). Stimulation of speech zones will effectively help LM techniques. To do this, the patient's face and hands are massaged to develop fine motor skills associated with speech function and brain activity.

Speech therapy massage for alalia begins with the study of the face using classical techniques: the frontal part - the eye sockets - the cheeks - the space between the eyebrows. Then the areas of the nose, mouth and tongue are massaged. After that, the hands are warmed up, starting from the back of the palm from the bottom up along the phalanges with the transition to the inside.

With changes in the timbre of the voice with distortion of sound pronunciation, caused by violations of the resonator function of the nasal cavity, massage procedures are also prescribed. Speech therapy massage for rhinolalia is aimed at activating the soft palate. To do this, using index finger on the border of the soft and hard palate, stroking and rubbing is performed for reflex contraction of the muscles of the palate and pharynx. Next, zigzag and point movements are made across the sky from right to left and back. Already in early period it is necessary to do speech therapy massage for infants and breathing exercises aimed at normalizing the muscle tone of the articulatory and respiratory organs. It is important to choose the optimal training program for the child and the position for manipulation.

Usually, a differentiated relaxing LM is performed for the face and articulation apparatus. The facial muscles and lips are worked out using the method of light smoothing, including the use of acupressure and hardware (vibration) massages. To relax the neck, they resort to passive movements of the head, and this partially relieves tension from the root of the tongue.

Speech therapy massage for children with cerebral palsy is aimed at strengthening and activating the muscles of the tongue. To do this, use a wooden spatula, which produces stroking and vibrating movements.

The main massage techniques are shown in the figures.

With a relaxing massage, to enhance this effect, you can put a warm compress on the patient's face five minutes before the procedure, for example, a towel soaked in water at 45℃ and thoroughly wrung out.

You need to use the right tools and equipment. To do this, you need to consult with speech therapists where they do speech therapy massage. The instrumental method is often used to massage the tongue, complementing manual massage techniques. But it is not worth replacing them completely, since only a speech therapist can determine the state of muscle tone, based on their feelings during the procedure.

Speech therapist. Defectologist. Speech therapy massage of the face and organs of articulation: Video

Savostkina E.N. teacher-speech therapist MBDOU « Kindergarten No. 28 "Golden Cockerel"

AT recent decades the number of children with speech disorders is steadily increasing, and, as a rule, with the most severe ones. In addition to children with a violation of one or two sounds, it is increasingly possible to meet children who have 10-12 sounds missing or distorted, or even more. Often, mixing of sounds, their replacements and violations are added to this. syllabic structure, that is, the child cannot reproduce words without error, rearranges syllables, simplifies the confluence of consonants, etc. There are also frequent violations of the assimilation of the grammatical structure of the native language.

correct, good speech- this is communication, and self-expression, and a tool for learning, and prevention of most school problems.

Speech is conditioned reflex. For its development it is necessary physiological basis- Availability unconditioned reflexes, normal hearing, healthy articulation and nervous system. The work of a speech therapist without preparing this foundation is often ineffective.

Massage in speech therapy correction - part integrated work. This method is especially effective in severe speech disorders - alalia, dysarthria, etc.

One of the most effective ways to correct speech disorders is speech therapy massage and self-massage.

Not only effective, but also ancient - massage has been known for more than one millennium, and among all peoples of the world. Since ancient times, massage has been part of the medical art.

The origin of the word is not entirely clear. "massage" . So, some authors believe that it comes from Arabic "mass" or "rnasch" - "gently press, touch" , others - from Greek "masso" - "clasp hands" , third - from Latin mass - "sticky to fingers" .

Only in late XIX century, science has become seriously interested in massage. Since then, many methods of therapeutic, sports, cosmetic and health massage have been developed.

According to Professor B. R. Yaremenko, massage accelerates the reverse development of speech disorders by 4-5 times! You can perform it both in class with a speech therapist, and at home with your mother. There is no addiction to massage, but there is always a benefit.

Self-massage is a massage performed by the child himself with the help of hands or aids.

The use of self-massage with spoons in the complex corrective work to overcome speech disorders significantly increases its effectiveness. Self-massage in speech therapy correction can be used to prevent dysarthria disorders in early preschool age, and it is also dynamic articulation exercises, causing effect similar to massage. Basic massage techniques: stroking, rubbing, kneading, vibration.

One of the new methods of speech therapy massage is massage with spoons, proposed and described by a well-known St. Petersburg speech therapist, the author of many manuals on speech therapy and preschool education- Olga Igorevna Krupenchuk, who has a number of advantages. Firstly, it helps to avoid a negative reaction to probe massage, the massage movements are quite simple, which allows you to teach children self-massage. Spoons do not require sterilization - just wash them. Secondly, different temperature spoons can be used for a relaxing or stimulating massage. The area of ​​influence of a spoon, even a coffee one, is much larger than the area of ​​influence of a finger. With a spoon you can carry out such movements that it is impossible to do with a finger. For example, pressing with the side edge, rubbing with the edge of a spoon, deep kneading large area; movements pushing back the lips, kneading the lips and cheeks, relying on the entire scoop.

Thirdly, interested parents can easily master it and apply it at home.

In addition to all this, the use of spoon self-massage in speech therapy also gives the development of fine motor skills in a child, helps in the practical assimilation of prepositions and prepositional words.

A child, doing self-massage with spoons, easily learns the names of parts of the face.

Massage with spoons can be carried out as on subgroup lesson, and on the individual, including it as necessary in the structure of the lesson.

Doing self-massage, the child performs movements with a pleasant effort for him and will never hurt himself.

Spoons can be taken in different ways, which helps to keep children interested in the activity. For kids preschool age spoons are better to use coffee. Spoons should be made of stainless steel with a minimum of decorations on the handle and a round, not sharp, tip.

If the child has a pronounced gag reflex, just temporarily exclude the movement of a spoon in his mouth for him. And gradually in individually deal with this problem: massage the tongue, starting from the tip, gradually pushing the border of the reflex deeper. It helps a lot to talk with the child during the massage, diverting his attention from the procedure. The fact is that the reason for this phenomenon is often psychological: a fixed reaction to some influence in the past.

If the muscles are hypotonic and the child needs a stimulating massage, place a glass of water in front of him. cold water and let him dip his spoons into it from time to time. With muscle hypertonicity, place a glass with warm water and have the child dip their spoons into it.

For massage, you need to take 2 spoons for each child.

While working with a child, you can massage him with spoons, and then teach him self-massage so that he can do this at home under parental supervision.

Children learn the techniques of self-massage with spoons under the guidance of a teacher, a speech therapist. Teaching children self-massage with spoons, the speech therapist shows each technique on himself and comments on it. Children perform a massage technique on their own: at first, with visual control (mirror), and then without it. Before performing self-massage techniques, children should take a calm, relaxed posture. As children get acquainted with the techniques of hand movements, fingers, they will become more coordinated and accurate. When self-massage techniques are mastered by children, it is possible to carry out movements under poetic text. The exercise is performed while reading a poem, and this is also no coincidence. Poems like rhythm organized speech, contribute to the formation of a sense of rhythm in children and are in a non-specific way correction of violations of the syllabic structure.

The form of conducting can be both individual and subgroup. (4-5 people). Self-massage can be included in speech therapy lesson, while self-massage techniques can precede or complete articulatory gymnastics.

Thus, massage with spoons has effective influence in the prevention and correction of speech disorders.

Using self-massage with spoons in our work with children of middle and older preschool age, we found positive results. Self-massage contributes to the normalization of the muscle tone of the mimic and articulatory muscles, the formation of the correct structure of the organs of the articulatory apparatus. Significantly reduces salivation, hyperkinesis, synkenesis and deviation of the tongue. The development of fine motor skills, accurate, coordinated movements of the hands and fingers, which helps not only in speech therapy work, but also improves self-care skills in children, contributes to the best teaching children in the classroom. Self-massage with spoons using poetic forms improves memory, correlating movements with the text of poems.

Self-massage with spoons has a huge impact on the delivery and automation of sounds, as well as the assimilation and use of sound in independent speech children.

Bibliography

1. Krupenchuk O.I. Speech therapy massage with spoons. St. Petersburg: Publishing House "Litera" , 2014.
2. Filicheva T.B., Chirkina G.V. Training program

Parents notice problems in speech function his child only by three or four years.

Until this age, babies lisp cutely, distort words or skip letters, but these defects are absolutely harmless in most cases and pass with time. By the age of four, the mother already understands exactly whether the speech of her baby is developing correctly.

It is better to correct speech defects in childhood. And the sooner the better. Burr, ignoring some letters of the alphabet, delayed speech development, "porridge" in the mouth, stuttering - these are the reasons for contacting a speech therapist.

First of all, the doctor will determine the cause of the defect and prescribe a therapeutic speech therapy massage. The specialist will first examine the child's oral cavity, examine the condition of the shoulder girdle and facial muscles, and only after a complete analysis will determine the treatment tactics.

Speech therapy massage is a technique that contributes to the normalization of the pronunciation side of speech and the emotional state of the child.

Regular exercises successfully correct pronunciation, improve the sound of the voice, tone the muscles of the speech apparatus, stimulate normal speech, and reduce salivation.

Massage sessions are aimed at the muscles of the tongue, lips, cheeks and palate.

Massage for low muscle tone

Reduced tone called muscle hypotension. The reasons for it may be the following:

• rickets;
• sepsis;
• Down syndrome;
• botulism and other ailments.

Technique for hypotension

The procedure begins with the study of the main muscle groups, gradually moving to the secondary ones. Actions used during activating massage sessions: stroking, kneading, rubbing, pinching, vibration.

First, four light movements are made, the strength grows. Movements become pressing, but do not cause discomfort. Repeat up to ten times.

Stroke the forehead area from the middle to the sides, use the middle and index fingers of both hands. Do kneading with index and thumbs connected in a fist.

Rubbing is carried out along a spiral path from the middle of the forehead to the temples. Finish with light tapping and pinching with the tips of your index fingers.

Cheeks

Start rubbing and kneading the cheeks in horizontal lines from the sinuses to the auricles. Knead your cheeks with two fingers in a clockwise direction. After kneading in a spiral path from the ears to the chin.

Pinch the entire cheek in a chaotic manner. Massage the lines on the cheekbones in an arc from the chin to the auricle and from the upper lip to the outer corner of the eye.

Lips

The labial muscles stretch from the middle to the corners of the mouth. Each lip is treated separately. Stroke your lips first, then pinch. Carefully knead the nasolabial fold.

Massage for increased muscle tone

Brain damage during childbirth or during fetal development lead to hypertonicity of the muscles of the speech apparatus. Also, the causes of the disease can be:

• hypoxia;
• rubella;
• asphyxia;
• Rh factor conflict;
• birth trauma.

Technique for hypertension

Increased tone requires the use of relaxation techniques, including the following elements: classical stroking, vibration movements and acupressure. The procedure begins with the collar zone, shoulders, face, tongue and lips.

Relaxation of muscle fibers is achieved by slow sliding and slightly pressing movements. The number of repetitions is 8-10 times.

With your palms, stroke the neck from the hairline to the collar area. Repeat the movement ten times.

With three fingers, move from the side of the temples to the middle of the forehead, then rush from the hairline to the superciliary arches.

Cheeks

Stroke your cheeks in a circle with your fingertips. Move your fingers in an arc from the temples to the nostrils. Rub your cheeks in an arc from your ears to your nose in a spiral motion. Stroke the cheekbones with light pressure from the ears to the chin.

Lips

Stroke both lips alternately with your fingers, and then knead from the corners of the mouth to the middle. With both hands, stroke from the sinuses to the chin and in reverse side. Tap your fingers all over your lips.

Language

The specialist makes a special tool. At home, the procedure is carried out with the help of the index finger. Stroke it from the tip of the tongue to its root.

How to do speech therapy massage with spoons

For the procedure, you will need four teaspoons. It is advisable to prepare a few more clean spoons in case of a fall.

Spoons should not have ornate patterns, as well as other elements that can injure the baby during the session.

Each element is repeated 6-8 times.

Spoon massage technique:

• Use the curved side of the spoons to stroke your child's whiskey clockwise.
• Stroke the eye sockets with bulges. Lead along superciliary arch to the outer corner of the eye, slide the spoon back under the eye.
• In a circle, stroke the baby's cheeks with the convex sides of the spoons.
• Rub the whiskey in a spiral with slides of spoons. The movement ends with a gentle push.
• Rub the space between the eyebrows in spiral paths with slides of spoons.
• Massage the cheeks from the chin to the eyes with the side of the spoon.
• Rub the nasolabial area with the end of a spoon.
• Work the entire upper lip with the tip of a spoon. Make light pressure.
• Massage your bottom lip in the same way.
• Chin and cheekbones knead with slides of spoons using circular motions.

Speech therapy massage technique for dysarthria

Dysarthria is a severe speech disorder associated with a malfunction of the central nervous system. The disease is characterized by the substitution of sounds, the appearance of slurred speech. One of the complications of dysarthria is complete vocal paralysis.

The procedure is performed with the index finger wrapped in a piece of gauze. In this case, the baby lies on the back, under the neck he has a small roller, his head is slightly tilted back.

• Tap your fingers above the upper lip from left to right, tap the area under the lower lip in the opposite direction.
• Upper lip. Slap the pads from nose to lip then gently stroke this area with the edge of the nail.
• Two fingers of both hands lie on the corners of the lips. With pressing movements, reduce the corners of the lips, the mouth should take the form of a tube.
• Place the pad of your index finger in the middle of your lower lip and push it up.
• Use the thumbs and forefingers of both hands to work the two labial muscles. To do this, connect them together and “sculpt dumplings”, moving from left to right.
• Put your finger wrapped in gauze behind the child's cheek. Make circular motions, rising along the cheek. The fingers inside the cheek and outside it should touch each other.
• Press the tip of the tongue to the top row of teeth.

The first sessions last no longer than 8 minutes. Gradually, the time increases to 20 minutes. Full course is 20 sessions, it can be repeated after two months.

Speech therapy hand and face massage

Carry out the procedure in warm room after washing and disinfecting hands with an antiseptic.

Face
The facial muscles are massaged with a mitten. Make sure that the child does not feel pain and excessive friction. The session begins with massaging the frontal lobe from central region to the sides, then stroke the eyes from the inner point of the superciliary arch to the outer and in the opposite direction.

The next step will be the eyebrows and hairline. Finish the procedure by stroking and kneading the cheeks and lips.

Arms
The massage procedure of the hands gives a positive attitude and develops fine motor skills, which are associated with the work of the brain, as well as with normal functioning. various systems and organs.

Motor skills directly affect human speech. Daily sessions of speech therapy hand massage can significantly improve articulation.

Stretch your fingers. Start at the end of the little finger. Rise along the finger up, kneading every centimeter. Then press the fingertips, kneading and tapping on them with the tip of the nail plate.

Then, with spiral movements, go through the palm of your hand. Finish with kneading inside palms from the edge to its center.

Video on how to do speech therapy massage and what are its benefits.

Conclusion

It is impossible for your child to make a decision on the conduct of speech therapy massage on his own. The doctor must examine the baby and prescribe a relaxing or tonic massage.

Report any changes to your doctor. Interaction with doctors, the regularity of procedures and the addition of massage with special exercises that develop articulation and sound pronunciation are the main components of success.

Speech disorders are common among preschool children. They are of varying degrees of difficulty. The treatment of young patients is based on the correction of the pronunciation of sounds, and for this, speech therapy massage is carried out, which helps to achieve good results in short time. Massaging is shown for all types of correction. It is especially important in the early stages of treatment.

Summarized information

Speech therapy massage is an impact that allows you to correct speech defects. The masseur excites points of nerve endings, and muscle activity appears. The tongue, skin around the lips, cheeks are stimulated, it becomes easier to pronounce sounds.

Initial sessions take 3 minutes. After speech organs adapt to the load, the procedure time is increased. To visit a specialist or not depends on the violation of speech skills. The standard number of sessions is 10, but in severe cases it increases.

Speech therapist massage corrects pronunciation skills, restores the rate of breathing, voice timbre. Massage actions are a condition for the restoration of speech skills.

The oral cavity of the child before the session is put in order. It is recommended to eat two hours before the session. The baby is washed, paying special attention to the skin around the lips. The hands of the speech therapist during massaging should be undamaged, the nails trimmed short. During the procedure, all jewelry is removed from the hands.

Massages are carried out by specialists. These include:

• Speech therapist.
• Defectologist.

Massage goals

Correcting pronunciation errors in a child is the primary task of a speech therapist, but not the only one. Children with delayed speech development or who do not speak at all have accompanying abnormalities. Impact on certain points of the face and tongue helps to cope with the following problems:

• Saliva is less.
• Muscle tone is normalized.
• The coordination of speech organs is restored.

Massage improves circulation and metabolic processes on the tissue level. Relieves stress in children with psychological complexes due to incorrect speech.

Indications and contraindications

A specialist is engaged in identifying deviations in which speech therapy procedures are indicated. The organs of speech are examined for the purpose of treatment. For each child, individual approach. The factors of the course of the disease and the severity are taken into account. Compiled personal program recreational activities, designed for one month.

Massage is prescribed for problems such as:

• stuttering;
• dysarthria;
• pronunciation disorder;
• voice defects (complete or partial loss).

The percentage of children with various speech disorders is increasing every year. The pathology of the development of the speech apparatus is not an independent disease: it is accompanied by disorders of the central nervous system. Children must be observed by a neurologist.

Along with speech defects, the child suffers attention, memory, thinking. Develops reluctance to communicate with peers, to leave the house. Treatment of speech pathology - important requirement for the future social activity of a small person.

According to statistics, up to 30% of kindergarten children have speech defects.

Common Violations:

• dysarthria;
• dyspalia;
• rhinolalia;
• underdevelopment of phonetic and phonemic skills.

Speech therapist conducts remedial classes individually with each child. Proper massage procedures improve the motility of the articulatory organs. Stimulation blood vessels accelerates the flow of oxygen to the brain, which improves attentiveness and memorization.

Massage is carried out with strengthening or lethargy of the muscles of the tongue. The specialist massages the hands, head, earlobes, tongue.

Procedures cannot be carried out with:

• high temperature;
• skin rashes;
• viral diseases;
• inappropriate mental behavior.

The position of the child during massage

The correct posture helps to achieve the greatest effect from classes. Breathing becomes easy, and the work of the defectologist is simplified.

• The child is placed on the couch in a prone position. A pillow or a special roller is placed under the head. The head leans back, arms are located along the body. The legs are bent at the knees or lie freely.
• The child in a semi-sitting position is located in a chair with a headrest.
• Infants under the age of one year are in a pram half-sitting.
• Children who are afraid are allowed to be on the lap of an adult in a half-sitting position.

The masseur sits behind the head of the child or to the right of him, depending on the massaged area.

Types of logo massage:

There are special massaging methods. They are classified into separate types:

• Acupressure.

Separate zones associated with speech disorders are subjected to massaging.

• Classic massage.

With the help of rubbing, stroking, kneading, problem areas of the speech apparatus are massaged. Speech therapists use a toothbrush to achieve results.

• Hardware massage.

Massaging is carried out using special devices.

• Massaging based on various techniques.

Self massage

The child performs self-massage at home. These are certain movements of the tongue that are learned in classes with a speech therapist and repeated at home to consolidate skills. The goal of the defectologist is to teach parents the basic techniques of massaging. The importance of classes for the development of speech is explained.

Speech therapy massage at home is carried out using household items. Use a spoon or toothbrush. The toothbrush is selected with soft bristles. Cotton pads are placed under the child's tongue. They are changed every three minutes due to strong salivation. Before the procedure, the tongue should be relaxed. Rub gently with a brush. The movements are circular, spiral, without strong pressure. With the help of a brush, weak strokes are made on the tongue. Massaging is recommended to be carried out in the form of a game.

Speech therapy massage for dysarthria at home is allowed only after consultation with a speech therapist. This is due to the specifics of the disease. Massage methods depend on the presence or absence of tongue tone.

For additional acquaintance with the methods of speech correction, parents are recommended to study the information from the book by Krupenchuk O.I. "Lessons of a speech therapist".

Massage techniques

There are basic speech therapy massaging techniques:

• Stroking.

The speech therapist's hand glides freely over the skin without shifting it into folds. The degree of pressure depends on the massaging area. It has a calming and relaxing effect. It is performed with the palm of your hand, without tension. Used for face and tongue massage. This procedure starts and ends the session.

• Trituration.

The speech therapist shifts, shifts, stretches the skin. The blood flow to the affected areas increases, the supply of tissues with oxygen improves, and the contractile function increases. Active rubbing lowers nervous excitability. Apply when massaging the face, limbs. The movements of a specialist do not depend on the direction of the lymph flow.

• Kneading.

The defectologist grabs the skin with his hands: squeezes, compresses and rolls it. The tissues receive nutrients increases muscle activity. Used for tongue and hand massage. The massaging session is carried out gently, smoothly. The strength of the impact is increased gradually.

• Vibration.

mechanical effect causing oscillatory movements. Done with your fingertips. Apply on the face, tongue, hands.

The head, neck, shoulders are indirectly exposed to massage. The main emphasis is on the muscle tissues of the speech apparatus, since the lips, tongue, cheeks and palate are responsible for the reproduction of sounds.

Massage is prescribed after visiting a neurologist. A certificate is issued indicating the degree of lag in speech development. The speech therapist prescribes additional diagnostics before the massage to determine muscle tension. It is impossible to delay diagnosis and treatment.

Dysarthria is a speech disorder associated with diseases of the nervous system: it is difficult for a child to pronounce whole words. Without correction, in the future there are difficulties with reading, writing. The construction of proposals is difficult. The disease occurs in five percent of children. Pronunciation is difficult due to the inactivity of the palate, tongue, lips.

The cause of the disease is the difficult course of pregnancy and trauma during childbirth. These include:

• Rhesus-conflict pregnant.
• Fetal hypoxia.
• premature birth.
• Toxicosis.

The nervous system of the fetus during gestation is affected due to complex course pregnancy. Dysarthria is acquired.

Diseases transferred in infancy cause deviations in the development of speech. These include:

• brain infections.
• Head injury.
• Hydrocephalus.

The risk of dysarthria after illness increases. The condition of the child is controlled by the parents and the pediatrician. The first symptoms of the disease appear at an early age. These include:

• Quiet voice.
• Slow pace of speech.
• Indistinct pronunciation of sounds.
• Confused breath.
• Not the emotionality of a child.
• Spasm or hypotension of the muscles of the tongue.

An infant with dysarthria does not utter sounds characteristic of its age. There is no babbling, sucking is difficult. The baby often chokes, spits up.

After identifying the disease, speech therapy massage is prescribed. It helps to change the pronunciation of sounds and correct speech errors. A defectologist selects a massage complex of measures to normalize the motor skills of the speech organs and restore swallowing. With the help of massage procedures, combined muscles with a small contractility are stimulated.

Logomassage has a general healing effect on the body, and not only eliminates speech defects. The massage therapist activates the nervous and muscular system increasing their productivity.

Corrective massage for dysarthria is divided into two types:

• Spot. Certain biological points are affected.
• Segmented. It is carried out near problem areas.

Before the session, the child is calmed down, relaxed in order to avoid a stressful state. Infectious or skin diseases are unacceptable during massage. Therapy is delayed until recovery.

Massage procedures are divided into periods. Conduct up to 20 sessions every other day. Then they take a break for one month, and continue treatment according to indications. Very rarely, with damage to the speech apparatus, the number of procedures is increased. The initial sessions last up to six minutes, while the last sessions take 20 minutes. The duration depends on the age and the degree of speech defects.

It is impossible to cause pain during the massage. Violent massaging aggravates the disease. If children are afraid and worried, then the session time is reduced. Appropriate treatment methods are used. Use the technique of stroking the facial muscles, knead the fingers. Children adapt to massage techniques and cease to feel discomfort. Distractions are used: a speech therapist reads fairy tales and poems, showing his good disposition.

Dysarthria involves massaging only areas with excited muscle tone.

Massage for various forms of dysarthria

For deep impact developed special programs massage for different forms of the disease.

• Spasmodic dysarthria.

Muscle contraction increases, blood flow normalizes. Use the technique of stroking in the direction of the lymphatic ducts. Rubbing is done pointwise. Vibration and kneading are excluded. Massaging is carried out by a specialist with good knowledge muscle anatomy.

• hyperkinetic dysarthria.

Applies lung technique stroking. Before the session, breathing exercises are performed. The treatment regimen is compiled by a speech therapist individually for each patient.

Tonic massage is carried out to reduce muscle excitation, to create primary pronunciation skills. Movements are carried out along the line of the eyebrows and head. Then the direction is changed - from the forehead to the neck and shoulders. The last step relax the muscles around the lips. After carrying out the manipulations, they begin to train the language.

Tonic massage forms a phased pronunciation of sounds. Good results treatments appear in the early stages of correction.

Massage for spasms of the speech apparatus

Defects in pronunciation are associated with the imperfection of the nervous system. They are manifested by the inability to control the jaw and pronounce syllables. Severe cases cause paralysis of the facial muscles.

Children have problems:

• The chewing process is disturbed, which is associated with violations of the systems responsible for the movement of the jaw.
• Due to spasm, the mouth takes on unnatural shapes.
• Speech is disrupted.
• The child is unable to keep his mouth open.

Perform massaging of the muscles responsible for the movement of the jaw. Cheeks are massaged from the inside and outside, temples, oral cavity. Then the procedures are extended to the muscles that are indirectly responsible for the motor ability of the jaw.

Mimic muscles of the face are prone to spasms: it is not reflected on the face emotional condition. The group muscles of the mouth are massaged. The method of exposure is developed by a specialist, taking into account the degree of damage to muscle tissues.

The tongue has a unique muscular structure. Because of this specificity, massaging occurs according to a special method.

The root of the tongue is deep and not exposed to massage effects. The speech therapist draws up a program of massaging those muscles that suffer the most. Massaging techniques are associated with the excitation of the muscles of the tongue. Tongue turns in an arc with excessive tension. Touch causes vomiting. Massage begins with a cavity under the tongue. After relaxation, they move on to massaging it.

The weak tone of the tongue muscles provides for the beginning of massaging precisely from them. After carrying out manipulations on the affected area, they move on to the indirect muscles. The result of the correction depends on the sequence of actions.

Speech therapy hand massage

It has been proven that hand motility affects the development of speech. The masseur stimulates the fingertips, palms. Stroking and kneading methods are used. Massaging the palms is carried out with the help of ballpoint pen. The baby rotates the handle between the hands, fingers. At the end of the procedure, gymnastics for the limbs is performed.

Probe massage

The method of massaging with the help of probes was developed by speech therapist Novikova E.V. Probes are devices for massaging the tongue. There are 8 of them in total, and they are applied strictly according to the established order. Each fixture develops a specific area. The procedure is performed with dyslalia. This disease is characterized by a severe speech impediment in a child.

Principles of using speech therapy massage

A specialist who uses a corrective method of exposure should be well versed in the methodology of massage procedures, in the physiology and anatomy of the speech apparatus, and competently draw up a program of massage techniques. It takes into account the state of muscle tone. On this basis, a sequence of manipulations is developed. Compliance with the principles of treatment allows you to achieve the restoration of pronunciation.