What is the library of the future? Five specialists from Germany talk about how they see the goals, objectives and complexities of their work in the future.

“Option one: the library is a real and virtual democratic space that provides unhindered access to information that has both physical and electronic form. Wherein real space is a place where a person is pleased to be, a place for self-education, not tied to one or another educational institution, meeting place. Library as virtual space is for the reader the same unique information centre, with which he contacts when at home or on the road.

Option two: the world is divided into those who financially can afford any information and access to it, and those who have to be content with museum-like paper books.

I believe and hope that the first option will help us avoid an electronic split in society. The library will live!

Klaus-Peter Böttger, Director of the Essen City Library and Chairman of the European Bureau of Library, Information and Documents Associations (EBLIDA).

Library as a point of intersection

“The library will become a place where real world- that is, people with their needs for education, information, recreation - and the electronic world. Apart from the library, what institution can, for example, provide information seekers with such fantastic information riches as the resources of the German Digital Library or the Europeana Library? This requires physical existing places and especially qualified librarians.

I imagine the library as a place with excellently equipped rooms that meet a variety of needs: here you can sit quietly, listen to music, watch movies, leaf through newspapers and magazines, immerse yourself in virtual worlds, meet and chat with other people, attend events and seminars. In the future, the library will become a place that awakens a person's interest in self-education and drawing knowledge from a variety of information sources.”

Monika Ziller, Director of the City Library of Heilbronn and former Chairman of the Association of German Libraries.

Library as a place for public learning

“The library will become a place of out-of-school education, where people who need a cozy public space for communication and development will gather. creativity. The library will become a place of communication and public learning (public education), where people can organize themselves, gather in groups. For self-development, the user of the library is provided with any databases and any media.

Along with this, the library will undergo further very strong virtualization. Currently, the Internet versions of major newspapers are largely commercialized. Much of what is still available for free today will be provided for a fee. Libraries must continue, in accordance with Article 5 of our Constitution, to provide access to information to people who, without the participation of the library, cannot afford or are not able to obtain this information.

Barbara Lyson, Director of the Bremen City Library and board member of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) .

The library as a place open to all

“The library of the future is in a magnificent building and equipped with last word technology. First-class architecture highlights symbolic meaning libraries as places of culture and science, intellectual and educational activities, leisure. It attracts all people: some need a lively meeting place, others - the rich silence of the reading rooms.

In addition to the physically existing building, the library of the future will have a powerful cultural network built on the principle of a cloud of connected open data based on reliable, stable, citable neutral information. Written information published on the Internet is becoming more dynamic, interactive, constantly changing, which means that the library of the future must embody openness, co-creation, interoperability and flexibility.”

Elizabeth Niggemann, CEO German National Library .

The Library as a Space for Interaction

“In the scientific library of the future, the book will lose its status as the main medium of information. In this capacity, it will be completely or mainly replaced electronic resources, functioning absolutely not according to the bookish principle and entering into completely different relations with scientific discourse. The library will no longer be a place where containers of information are stored. Research librarians will have to manage resources in a very different way than before. They will have to make a cultural transition from container management to content management.

Volkovskoye village, Bogdanovichi district

Sverdlovsk region

Essay on the topic of:

"How do I see the library of the future"

Prepared by:

Glazunov Victoria Nikolaevna,

Teacher primary school

With. Volkovskoe 2014

Essay "How do I see the library of the future"

It is known that libraries in Russia existed in ancient times. And the churches were the repository of those "old" books. Then the prophecy came true in Russia, which said: "In those days they will hear the deaf words of the book and the language of the googly will be clear." Libraries in those days existed only within the walls of churches, librarians, they were also teachers, were priests.

Much has changed since then: technology has appeared, technologies are developing, humanity has ascended to a new stage of development with new values, new culture. All this became possible only thanks to the accumulation of knowledge and skills that were passed down from generation to generation, from father to son, from teacher to student.

A modern library is a place where people not only gain knowledge, but also communicate continuously, learn to listen and understand each other. Therefore, we can say with confidence that the library is a house in which a person knows himself, the world and endless expanses in the fields various sciences, and also succumbs to the addictions of the imagination, getting into unknown worlds when reading a book, for example.

How do I see the library of the future? What should be in it and what should not.

Library external device

Without a doubt, this is the easiest topic to fantasize about. The only thing I would like to dwell on is the following idea, what kind of readers we want to nurture in the library, such should be the architecture of the building and the layout of the territory, and the design of the reading rooms with cells for books.

Library of Pleasure

Libraries lack creativity. Readers are basically trained on interest. And where is the supply of ideas from the head of the reader? Self interest and preference? I think you need to read not to occupy your extra time with something, but just like that, for the sake of pleasure. Literally: the library is needed for the joy of readers!

The mission of the “library of the future” should not be to stuff readers with information, but to prepare a person for life, to promote self-expression of the individual as much as possible, to be adequate in wasting possible time.

A library in a sea of ​​information

Now everywhere they talk about the imperfection of libraries, about the need to switch to new forms of work. The way out of the situation can be the emergence of qualified librarians - not those who simply give out books, but librarians - teachers, librarians - psychologists who will help the reader choose what will be more useful and interesting to him.

A question of technology

Of course, one of important conditions creating a "library of the future" will be the use information technologies in line with the trends of the times. Many ideas will be implemented, for example, the reader has read a story or book and written a review about what he read. And if you post this review on any site, then many other readers and librarians will be able to appreciate it.

Not every library has a well-equipped reading room with a multimedia projector, a large screen, Internet access. But where it is, the librarian and the reader have the broadest opportunities.

The role of the librarian

I think that the role of the librarian does not decrease with increasing access to information, but, on the contrary, increases. I believe that the library of the future will be in demandcreativity librarian , which in each specific area will not be engaged in routine reading, but in creativity, which is not subject to artificial intelligence.

And in conclusion, if we try to draw a clear mathematical formula library of my dreams, then, in my opinion, it would be next -"Ideal average (rural) library" = children + (building + equipped reading rooms + reading aids) + personnel x (qualification + aspiration) + wise leadership + atmosphere of unity of all readers.

My dream library is a library where readers and librarians are united common process- reader development.

RESULTS OF A CREATIVE RESEARCH PROJECT

"Library of my childhood. Readers - about libraries Novosibirsk region»

FAMILY LIBRARY STUDIES AND MATERIALS

(January–September 2011)

"AT wonderful world the door is open…”

Mashkin Artur, 4th grade, Kargat

The first one ended main stage creative research project"Family Library Science: Investigations and Materials". The project has become part of the work that can be defined as "children - researchers of children's reading", a logical continuation of previous studies: "Journalistic investigation "Time Machine" (regional competition, 2009), "My Home Library" (pilot project, 2010). ). These studies aroused great interest among children and their leaders, and the topic ( children's reading), and the form of conduct (journalistic investigation) turned out to be successful. However, this year's project seemed to us, the organizers, more difficult for several reasons. Firstly, a strong belief has developed in society that children have practically stopped visiting libraries, which means that this topic could simply not be of interest to young authors. Secondly, in this creative work, the "journalists" had to not only use family memories and personal impressions, but also study the history of their children's library (village, district, school, etc.), and since in most cases it was not written , then search different ways obtaining information.

By the way, we expected that the very word "librarianship" in the title of the project might scare the "researchers" a little. It sounds very serious, "scientific" it sounds. Therefore, in the "Information for project participants" it was explained that this science studies what makes a collection of books a Library - readers, librarians, and, of course, books. The idea of ​​becoming librarians seemed interesting to the children; 115 children aged 9-13 (grades 3-6) from 16 districts and 5 cities of the Novosibirsk region participated in the project. And the activity of the participants, and, most importantly, very high level work suggests that the project was successful.

And with the “terrible” word “librarianship”, one of the participants treated it very decisively, remaking it into “library vision”. I would like to think that this is not a typo, but a creative designation of a special, individual vision of the role of the library in the life of society. Or maybe a look at the world through the library ... In general, it turned out to be an interesting, ambiguous concept.

The project participants were engaged not in simple library science, but in family science. The theme of their work can be defined as: "Children's libraries in the past, present and future." At the same time, it was necessary not only to write common words about the benefits of reading and libraries, and be sure to learn, study what role children's libraries have played and are playing in the life of their families. A lot of works are at the same time pages from the history of the family, and valuable local history material that tells the history of libraries. Family photo albums, library archives were used to create them. To preserve this unique material, we plan to publish electronic collection creative works.

We agreed to consider as children's libraries all the libraries that the heroes of the journalistic article visited at preschool and school age, i.e. authors and those older relatives whom they chose as "stars". Most often, the authors and respondents recalled district urban and rural libraries (137 references), as well as school libraries (82 references), isolated memories - about libraries in a pioneer camp, a sanatorium, the House of Pioneers, the House of Culture, as well as in military garrisons and even on border outpost. Before the start of the project, we assumed that it could have had a different name - "Children's libraries of the Novosibirsk region through the eyes of children", but it turned out that its geography is much wider. Respondents remembered libraries not only in Siberia (Omsk region, Altai Territory etc.), but also Mordovia, and Chechnya, and even neighboring countries - Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Latvia. This caused the need to compile a list of "Library Geography", which includes all the libraries mentioned in creative works.

Perhaps the question arises, is it worth talking about libraries just mentioned in the works? We think it's worth it. After all, if Respondents (parents, grandparents, great-grandmothers) after many years remember which library they visited in childhood, apparently, these memories are valuable to them. In general, it is worth noting that the respondents willingly answered the questions, recalled their childhood with pleasure. This even surprised some authors, they did not expect that they could learn so much from their older relatives that they remember what the library looked like, what was the name of the librarian, what was the first book read on their own ... In many works, children proudly write about their loved ones as real readers. For example, several respondents have been reading for over 50 years, and they continue to borrow books from the library! Others started reading in a small rural library as a child, and then they enthusiastically collected books all their lives, becoming real bibliophiles. Children are proud of the fact that in their childhood their relatives participated in library events, received diplomas and gratitude, and that their families were recognized as the “Most Readers” according to the results of competitions ... By the way, the children received a lot of new information about their families by holding a “journalistic investigation". But it's not the only one positive effect from the project. Children often hear admonitions from adults that it is useful to read, that the one who takes books in the library will become an educated person, and ... they ignore this. The project participants, asking their elders, made sure that reading is a pleasure, that visiting the library can be no less exciting than, say, going to the cinema, and every self-respecting child should be a reader of the library.

The authors had not only to ask the elders, but also to tell about themselves as a reader of the library. Such introspection led some "journalists" to the idea that they should read more, including in order to keep up with their "stars". After all, some of them, in the words of one author, are real “super readers”. In general, it cannot be unequivocally stated that modern children read much less than previous generations. Indeed, many read only as part of the school curriculum. (By the way, not only avid readers became participants in the project, which can only be welcomed. It means that their topic of the project was somehow interested.)

But there are also such “journalists” who can be called the main readers in the family. They read much more than their older relatives at the same age. The reasons "researchers" call different:

Books have become more accessible, no need to wait in line at the library, but you can read on the Internet or buy;
- modern books more attractive in appearance (bright covers, an abundance of illustrations, large print; this turned out to be important not only for primary school students, but also for sixth graders. The “glamorous” look of books in some cases turns out to be a decisive condition for reading);
- compared to the past, much more adventure literature began to be published, such genres as children's detective story, fantasy, series like "Girls' Favorite Books" appeared ( romance novels for kids);
- some "journalists" admit that they do not read fiction, but they are fond of encyclopedias, which are now being published a lot;
- reading becomes an elitist occupation, “not for everyone”, and therefore prestigious. Among our "journalists" there are intellectuals who read classics for adults (for example, Goethe), or literature in the original, in English.

How different is the reading of children of the 20th and 21st centuries, i.e. authors of articles and their "stars"? It was not the purpose of this study project, however, if the respondents recall the books of their already distant childhood, then these are really “unforgettable books”. This is how we named the list, the first part of which is “Children's Choice of the 20th Century”, the second - “Children's Choice of the 21st Century”. There are many coincidences in these lists, so the third part is "Books that everyone reads." It turns out that today's children in primary school still fond of the books of V. Dragunsky and N. Nosov, V. Bianchi and E. Ilyina ("The Fourth Height"), M. Twain and S. Lagerlef. More differences become with the onset of adolescence; Writers who were extremely popular before (A. Dumas, J. Verne, F. Cooper, etc.) are almost unknown to modern children.

Through the investigation, the journalists learned a lot… about themselves. For example, at what age did they learn to read (they themselves, of course, no longer remember this). Compared to older children, modern children learn to read and write earlier (at 3-5 years old), but apply their skills - i.e. read books - do not rush. They become library readers as early as 2-3 years old (of course, their parents sign them up). Their older relatives mostly began to read in the first grade or shortly before school, and books immediately, then they were recorded in the library, most often on their own initiative. This gave reason for pride - how mature and smart they are, since they were enrolled in a real library! Not without reason, one of our researchers notes: “Comparing the childhood of grandparents and my own, I noted that children are now less independent, but more loaded with lessons, circles, studying foreign languages"(Krivenko Veronika, Gymnasium No. 13, Novosibirsk).

At different generations There is another unifying point. In several works there is a story about how a child (usually a boy of 10-12 years old), who is not very fond of reading, suddenly met a book that turned him into a real avid reader. For the older generation it could have been a work by A. Belyaev or a book about the war, for the younger generation it could have been an epic about Harry Potter, the main thing is that the meeting took place, for which the “journalists” and their “stars” are grateful to their librarians.

What unites all authors is an interest in what is called very boring in professional literature and reports: “ public events". In many works, the wish is expressed that library lessons, literary hours, games and quizzes were held even more. Moreover, children are very fond of actively participating in library holidays and productions, acting as actors, presenters, co-authors of the script, etc. As for the interest of children in the creative and research work organized by libraries, it is obvious, and the current project is another proof of it. It is this area of ​​activity of children's libraries - education, organization of leisure, creation of conditions for creativity and communication - that is most in demand by the young "users", and in this regard, libraries, apparently, are out of competition.

Several "journalists" participate in our investigations for the second time. And what is especially pleasant, the level of their work has become even higher (although a year and a half ago they wrote interesting articles, and two participants were even winners of the competition). The works of 4 authors are placed on our website under the heading "Master class". They really have a lot to learn - thoroughness in research, originality of presentation and design of the material. The main thing is that the articles are interesting to read, while the works are completely different:

Kreknin Alexander (MBOU Secondary School No. 198, Novosibirsk) showed outstanding research talents. To tell about the childhood of his father, who lived in Chukotka for several years, Sasha clarified information about his library on the Internet, found the village on the map. Not just said that he reads in the library to them. Y. Magalifa, but also interviewed the artist L. Lazareva, who illustrated the writer's books and knew him personally;
- Lakina Darya (Vengerovsky district, Urez village) decorated her work with a photo essay;
- Anton Shkuropatov (Gymnasium No. 7 "Sibirskaya", Novosibirsk) presented his thoughts on the future of libraries in the form fantasy story. His article stands out for its excellent literary style;
- Fribus Svetlana (Kupinsky district, Medyakovskaya secondary school) proved to be a real local historian. She talked about the unofficial school "library" that no longer exists. But once she helped children, including Sveta's mother, learn to read with interest. Sveta also wrote about the librarian of the school where her mother studied, even found her photo. She also asked her peers to draw how they see the library of the future.

Some works (authors - Egor Panov, Ordynsky district, Krasny Yar village, Marina Melnikova, Krasnozersky district, Mokhnaty Log village, Timofey Cherkasov, secondary school No. 163 of Novosibirsk, and others) tell the history of the library for several decades, sometimes even from its foundation. And often because there are librarians among the "stars", which means that the life of this family is especially closely connected with children's libraries. The authors of many articles proudly talk about their grandmothers, mothers, aunts, who work or worked in libraries (Valeria Nekrasova, Krasnozerskoye settlement, Egor Senashov, Barabinsk, Nikita Kondratiev, Kuibyshev district, Oktyabrskaya secondary school, Maxim Prokhorenko, Moscow, Russia). Chulym and others). And Loginovskaya Ksenia (r.p. Krasnozerskoye) is a representative of a real library dynasty (grandmother, great-aunt, mother are librarians). Of course, the childhood of such "journalists" is special - "library". Libraries for them really native home, and they themselves are the main assistants in all matters.

Articles of the project participants are an unofficial history of libraries. After all, children do not care about "readability - attendance - fund negotiability”, they have their own “criteria for the quality of library services”. Decades later, adults remember what the atmosphere of the library was like: friendly, at the same time, the abundance of books inspired respect and set them in a serious, even solemn mood. Kolobukhova LN tells: “In those years, the library was considered a holy place. We, the children, went to it, as if to a temple ... We plunged into some kind of mysterious world. The librarians were very beautiful (clothes, hairstyle), very kind, attentive to us. It seemed that they knew about everything in the world, like fairies ”(Kolobukhova Erika, Chulym). And today's children can forgive the fact that "the funds are not replenished often enough with new literature" if they like to communicate with librarians, if they feel that they are not only welcome, but also treated with respect. And then every trip to the library (some even daily) becomes a joyful event.

Reading creative work, you note with pleasure how many wonderful, and most importantly, librarians loved by children work in Novosibirsk and the region. To make them known not only to their readers, we have created a “Book of Honor”, ​​which contains the names of all librarians who were told about by “journalists” and their “stars”. Of course, this Book is unofficial, but definitely the most honorable! And this is clear evidence of the prestige of the profession of a librarian in young readers. And how creative and caring people work in libraries can be seen from the fact that they often acted as leaders of research projects, generously sharing information, suggesting ideas, helping to arrange articles.

The gloomy outlook for libraries in the era of the Internet and new information technologies in general is one of the most discussed topics in the professional library field. last decade. What is the library of the future? Three experts told us about how they see the prospects for the development of libraries and book culture in XXIcentury.

According to Svetlana Viktorovna Anishchenko, who has been heading the Centralized library system Chelyabinsk, libraries are not in danger. We asked Svetlana Viktorovna where she got such confidence from and how Chelyabinsk librarians plan to compete with the Internet .

How long have you been working in the field of librarianship?

34 years. After graduating from the Altai state institute Culture in 1980 was hired by the Central Library. A.S. Pushkin.

- To choose this profession, you must probably love to read very much. Have you had a love for books since childhood?

In my childhood, first graders who learned to read better and faster than anyone were rewarded with going to the school library and allowed to take home the book they liked. This made a strong impression on me. Since then, I have always read a lot and different.

I chose the profession of a librarian on the advice of my class teacher. Determining in the choice, in addition to the love of reading, was the desire for live communication with people, the possibility of constant creative growth. The profession of a librarian is diverse and creative.

What book had the most effect on you strong influence, perhaps turned your worldview upside down?

I was simply stunned by V. Hugo's book "The Man Who Laughs".

If we talk about the book, the impression of which I carried through my whole life, then this is “The Master and Margarita” by M. Bulgakov. I have read it over and over again and discover something new each time.

- Do you think that now, in the age of information technology, libraries do not lose their relevance?

Only 48 services annually municipal libraries The city is used by more than 200 thousand inhabitants, among them 37% are children under the age of 14 years.

Yes, indeed, there is the Internet. There is a lot of information on the Internet, but it is not structured and you have to choose from it. But only if you have the time and know how to search. The library also employs consultants who will help to implement quick search. There are indeed bookstores where you can buy books. But how many people can afford to buy books at ever-increasing prices? Well, if it's new. And if you need a book published 10 years ago, especially on a narrow subject. I was recently approached by the director of a large bookstore with a request to find necessary literature, because they could not find it on the Internet and buy it in a store - and this is not the only case.

- Can you roughly tell how many new readers you have recent times?

It is difficult to answer this question unambiguously. If we talk about the registration card index of readers, then only in the Central Library. A.S. Pushkin since the beginning of the year, more than 1.5 thousand new readers have signed up.

Information and bibliographic services for remote users are also carried out by phone or e-mail. And what about the users of the library website, the so-called virtual readers? How many of them are new, we cannot answer. And what about the readers of the Mobile Library, which worked on Kirovka from May to October?

- You mentioned the "Mobile Library". However, this is an unconventional approach to librarianship. Are you afraid of the onset of an e-book on paper?

No. Electronic books - a new carrier of information. And they will not replace paper books.

The traditional book lives its own life, the electronic one lives its own. Everyone has the right to choose which medium, traditional or electronic, to read. Each book, electronic and paper, has its advantages and disadvantages. Printed texts are easier to remember, develop writing literacy. Stand up for digital technologies and refuse printed books- it's like cutting the branch on which you sit.

- What do you think will happen to paper books in 20 years?

Rumors of imminent death paper books greatly exaggerated. Traditional books, of course, will be preserved, especially children's books.

An experience foreign libraries, in which electronic technology began to develop much earlier, indicates that in the library collections only 20-30% of books are on electronic media, the rest are paper.

And further. For people, tactile communication with a book is important. Therefore, in this sense, there is no need to fear for the future of the paper book.

- In your opinion, how does the role of the library change with the change of the book?

The library is turning into a multifunctional socio-cultural center. The reader comes to the library today not only for a book, but also for communication, satisfaction and realization of their abilities, talents, social ambitions, for intellectual leisure and information!

This, in my opinion, is the main change and purpose of the library at the present stage.

- Tell us about new forms of interaction with readers

The image of a modern library is an image of a changing and mobile library capable of surprising the visitor. This quality - to surprise, arouse interest, curiosity - becomes the main motive of our activity.

A sign of recent times has been the use of work formats that are atypical for us, which find a positive public response. Readers are increasingly becoming initiators and active participants in new library projects. These are book free markets (free, free exchange of books) and the festival of ecological culture, Library Night and a summer reading room in the park, bookcrossing and workshops for making dolls, eco-bags, Mayakov's Readings and Pushkin's Seasons, youth apartments.

- There are clubs in your library, thematic projects are being implemented, tell us about them in more detail.

The library seeks to position itself in urban space with the most various projects. One of the well-known cultural and educational projects of the library is the book and reading festival "Chelyabinsk Reading", which has been held in our city for 9 years, with active participation regional libraries, the Chelyabinsk branch of the Union of Writers, Book Publishers and Library Partners. In the summer of 2014, the Mobile Library project on Kirovka aroused great interest among young people, implemented jointly with MTS with the support of the Department of Culture of the Chelyabinsk City Administration. For more than 3 years we have been implementing the popular social project "World of New Opportunities" to teach computer literacy to older people.

On the eve of 2015 Year of Literature, we are planning several more thematic projects. One of them has just started. The project is called "Let's return poetry to libraries" - to promote books and works of poets of the Ural poetic school together with M. Volkova's publishing house.

As for clubs, the number of amateur clubs and associations of interest in libraries is growing today. And this is not surprising. The realization of creative abilities, communication, comfortable and cozy atmosphere - this is what many people lack today and what our libraries can provide.

In total, not today in the libraries of 58 clubs, including Central Library named after A. S. Pushkin - 13.

The Central Library has become a concert venue for the Lira romance club and the Sails of Hope author's song club, a poetic platform for aspiring poets of the youth apartment house, poetry lovers and professional poets within the framework of the Poetic Environment club, an exhibition platform and a meeting place for clubs of decorative and applied art "Bereginya". Club "Bereginya" this year celebrated its 15th anniversary.

- How do you see the future of the library?

The library of the future is a real and virtual space that provides unhindered access to information. At the same time, the real space of the library is a place where a person is pleased to be, a place for self-education, a place for meetings and leisure. The library as a virtual space is a kind of unique information center that provides the user with the necessary databases and media products.

I wanted the library to become such a harmonious place or the point of intersection of the real and the virtual.

We also decided to talk to the head of the largest library in the city. Director of the Chelyabinsk Regional Scientific Library Natalya Ivanovna Diskaya answered our questions.

- In the field of culture, librarianship is completely special place. How long have you been working in this field?

I have been working as the director of CHUNB since April 2014. Prior to that, by the nature of her previous activity, she supervised regional and municipal libraries.

- And what priority tasks did you set for yourself when you started your work as a leader?

I have great respect for my team. These are professionals in their field, most of whom have been working in the library for more than one year. My task is to create conditions for their activities. Today it is very important to complete the repair of the main building, to begin work on putting the premises of the department of foreign literature in order. In addition, the depository is located in an emergency building. As you can see, there are many problems, and many of them could be solved by the second building, the construction of which was promised to us by the Governor of the Chelyabinsk Region B.A. Dubrovsky in August this year.

- Now there is a noticeable trend towards rapprochement various kinds cultural activities, blurred professional standards related to long-established industries such as museums, librarianship, club business, and so on. What is the essential difference between a library and other cultural institutions?

Whether we like it or not, libraries are in the service sector. The main library service is meeting the information needs of users. But today we provide not only information, but also educational, cultural and leisure services. Although for the library, first of all, it is important to help the reader find the information he needs, this or that document. This is what distinguishes the library from other cultural institutions.

- How do you feel about paid services in libraries?

The library is one of the public cultural institutions. Most of the services we provide are free of charge. Today, the entrance to our showroom is open to everyone who wants to see the exposition. Everyone can freely come to meet the presentation. People should have the opportunity not only to choose, but also to use this choice. But while remaining accessible, the library still has to earn some money on its own.

- Tell us more about the exhibitions in the library.

Our library today is a large information and educational center. "Exhibition Hall of the Public" is one of the interesting projects, attracting the attention of library visitors. Exhibition topics are varied. In July we opened the first exhibition "The Right to Education". It was an exhibition of the winning works of the International Poster Competition, which was attended by artists from 80 countries. We dedicated the exhibition "Thoughts at night looking" to the birthday of Chelyabinsk. This art project was prepared by a wonderful artist, photographer Vladimir Vitlif. The historical and documentary exhibition "Atomic Project of the USSR" attracted great attention of library visitors. In total it was visited by about 1500 people. And now we are preparing new project Christmas Folk Exhibition

- Recently, the head of the capital's department of culture, Sergei Kapkov, said that no one enrolls in libraries, because they are not needed - there is the Internet and bookstores. This is true?

For me best argument are numbers. Over the past 10 months, we have registered more than five thousand new readers. Families come to us today student groups, classes. The door to the library is almost never closed. This is the best confirmation that the library is absolutely in demand.

- Why do we need libraries in the 21st century, in the age of information technologies, fundamentally new means of storing and transmitting information?

The library participates in the upbringing of a person, in his socialization. It helps a person, especially a young one, to choose the right way. Always good to read good books, communicate with smart knowledgeable people.

- There is an opinion that young people are more likely to turn to e-books than to paper ones. Will there be a paper book format in the future?

The paper book will exist because the book in its traditional form cannot be replaced. She has special magic. Another thing is how it should look. It is a pleasure to read a book printed on high-quality paper with good printing. Unfortunately, now the market is flooded with book products of different execution and content, but I think that the reader has already understood what to pay attention to. No electronic resource can replace a book in in full. A person should be able to hold a book in his hands, return to the lines that he remembered, to the thoughts that hooked him, to the biographies that did not leave him indifferent. An electronic resource sometimes does not provide such an opportunity, but it certainly should be.

- But now even libraries are promoting electronic media An example of this is the Mobile Libraries project, which was implemented in Chelyabinsk.

Libraries promote not electronic books, but instill a love of reading, Of course, we use this version of the work. Any reader should have access to authors, publications, on any media. But this does not detract from the dignity of the book in its traditional sense.

- Since we have already touched on the topic of bookishness and technical progress tell me how modern technologies affected library services?

Yes indeed Computer techologies slowly but surely, they are changing the format of interaction between the reader and the librarian. It's great that modern technology has become part of the library process. And Digital catalogue, and online booking, and electronic resources - all this simplifies the system and saves the reader and librarian time. The further we work with these technologies, the more clearly we understand the unconditional benefits of this trend.

- Do they use electronic catalogs or traditional card index more often?

Mostly electronic. But we have both an electronic catalog and a regular one - alphabetical and subject. They are used by students who come, researchers who are engaged subject topics. These search methods complement each other.

- How can you describe modern readers, their needs?

All our readers are different, but they are all very interesting, active, inquisitive. Each of them comes to the library with purpose. One - just to write coursework, the second - to prepare yourself for thesis, someone comes to see the exhibition, someone - to chat. We speak to each of our readers in different formats, depending on their requests. Looking at them, we check our step. We understand that it is important for the reader how much time he spends searching for a book - that means we are working on it, it is important for him which book he will receive - we are working on replenishing funds, we are creating comfortable environment to make our readers feel welcome.

- Tell us about how you plan to organize cooperation between libraries and writers in the Year of Literature.

For authors Public library is an excellent platform for the presentation of their publications. We always gather an interesting audience. In addition, we annually organize a competition among South Ural publications. Next year we plan to hold this competition within the framework of book fair. This is also an occasion to talk about what is happening in the literary process now.

When discussing the future of libraries, one should not forget about their main "content" - books. To find out if there will be XXIcentury book, and what will happen to the culture of reading, we turned to a professional in the field of book production - the director of the publishing house "Vzglyad" Evgeny Vladimirovich Dribinsky.

- In the nineties, the slogan "Russians are the most reading nation in the world" was popular. Is this true?

We have very deep and high-quality literary traditions and we love to read. Another thing is that the active development of information technology could not but affect the reader's behavior. We began to consume texts of a completely different kind, the quality of reading has changed. Today, an adult perceives a huge amount of information by reading news feeds on the Internet, business and applied literature, advertisements, and even a stream of various SMS messages; we are constantly immersed in the process of reading. Perhaps we began to read less literary texts, but in general we began to read much more. I think this applies not only to Russia, but also to global trends.

- Both the library and the publisher work for the reader and change with him. Therefore, it is logical to begin our dialogue with an assessment of the preferences, literary predilections and demands of the modern reader.

I am not a psychologist, it is difficult for me to talk about the needs of the modern reader. What drives a person when he makes a choice in favor of a particular book? Everyone has their own motives. The book serves as entertainment, broadens one's horizons, provides encyclopedic knowledge, fulfills educational function helping to establish moral guidelines for the reader. But I also like the fact that the book develops our imagination, helps to make a picture of our world in color. This is a very important function of it.

- Should libraries and publishing houses follow the reader, his preferences, or is it still her duty to shape the reader's taste?

If we talk about publishers, then, on the one hand, we belong to the profession that is responsible for shaping tastes. From what book and in what performance a child or an adult picks up - with what content and illustrations, on what paper and in what binding - it largely depends on whether he wants to do it a second time or we completely discourage this desire. Will this book provide cultural, aesthetic development, or will it satisfy only the need for entertainment?

On the other hand, we are included in market relations, and the market dictates its needs, so much depends on the personality of a particular editor, on the policy of a particular publishing house. But I wouldn't risk doing a book that I didn't believe in.

- Now they talk a lot about the fact that the existence of libraries is becoming irrelevant - everything can now be downloaded to the reader, tablet and computer. Are Libraries Necessary?

The role of the library as a repository is fading away, and the day is not far off when the library in the traditional sense will be completely gone. It is difficult for her to compete with the Internet. The availability of the book is growing all the time. If 30 years ago we went to the library simply because it was difficult to get a book elsewhere, now there is no such problem. You can find almost any work and read.

On the other hand, a colossal lack of communication is accumulating among people (hence the huge success social networks). And if the library feels the request of society, it can become the link that will unite not only readers, but also those who simply want to communicate, according to their interests.

- What should be the library in modern conditions?

In my opinion, the library's way of survival is its reformatting from a place that provides services for storing and lending books to a territory of communication. The doors of the library should be open around the clock, a person should come there like a temple - talk with the caretaker (I don’t like the word librarian), with other people, get to know young writers and poets, discuss their work and what is happening outside the window over a cup of tea .

The network must grow so that such libraries are within walking distance. Such a platform can be organized in almost every yard. Firstly, it will be easier for the library to feel the needs of its visitor, and secondly, it will become a true club for communication, for the development of the culture of the local community. And a person will have a choice both in terms of leisure and in terms of intellectual development. Figuratively speaking, if I have a free evening, I can go to the cinema, the theater or the library. But in last case I have to be sure that I will make good use of my time.

- What do you think, is there a future for paper books in the era of all kinds of electronic gadgets?

Statistics show that book production, both in quantity and circulation terms, is growing. There is another problem, it is that there is not enough retail space where books would be displayed. Unfortunately, with other equal conditions, bookstores it is difficult to compete with grocery, say.

Maybe reading will become a more elitist occupation, for example, if publications become more expensive, but the book does not disappear in its material incarnation. In my opinion, turning to a book is an action without which modern man can't get by. It is necessary to give people the opportunity to read, and this is not only the work of teachers, but publishers and librarians as well.

The students of the Department of Library Science of ChGAKI answered us about how the students who will work in this area and participate in its development see the future of libraries.

Anna, 19 years old:“For me, the library is not some kind of book storage, or even a place to get information. I usually find all books for personal use on the Internet. And I'm sure that's what most students do. The library should rather be a place where people come to talk, spend time reading a book, a kind of club. To do this, libraries should be pleasant and comfortable to be in.”

Dmitry, 20 years old:“The most important thing in a library is its content. It is important that the library fund be filled according to the needs of readers, so that the library can find the rarest and latest editions that even the pirates have not yet managed to digitize and put on the Internet.”

Andrey, 20 years old:“The library should be analogous to a search engine, such as Google but in reality. Not always at ordinary readers have such abilities that allow them to easily find the right books on topic, for example when writing scientific work. The most important thing in modern library- these are services for clarifying the request - convenient catalogs, competent librarians, big base data from good sources.