On December 14, the VI Social Forum of Russia was held. The Social Forum of Russia is an all-Russian platform for the exchange of views on issues of social policy, protection social rights citizens. The forum traditionally presents various social projects, government initiatives in the field of social protection, discusses current problems and methods for solving them with the involvement of non-profit organizations, business and the state.

The forum was opened by Deputy Prime Minister of Russia O.Yu. Golodets. In her speech, Olga Yuryevna noted the unique significance of the forum for the social sphere - due to the fact that it brings together a large number of professionals and people who are not indifferent to social problems.

Deputy Prime Minister Russian Federation Olga Golodets

The forum was attended by heads of state authorities, business representatives, independent experts and members of non-profit organizations focused on social sphere. From the All-Russian Society of the Deaf, the forum was attended by presidential adviser Evgeny Novoseltsev.

Alexey Vovchenko, First Deputy Minister of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation, spoke in the plenary discussion, he noted the important role of non-profit organizations in the implementation of social projects and the need to expand their participation in the provision of social services to society. In the future, it is NGOs that should play the main role in ensuring a decent level of social protection.
Summing up the results of the forum, the leader working group Expert Council of the Agency for Strategic Initiatives Elena Nikolaeva expressed the opinion that it is necessary to consolidate the efforts of civil society, government and business. One of the key goals is the implementation of decrees of the President of the Russian Federation in social policy. At present, social policy is the most important area of ​​activity of civil society institutions and public policy, it is it that affects the vital problems of society and man - problems in health care, education, and the world of work.

For its part, the VOG sees one of the main goals in social policy to ensure the right approach to the education of people with hearing impairments, especially children. Deaf children should have the opportunity to learn sign language through the general education program. This condition is important for people with hearing disabilities to receive special education, their further inclusion in society and full life. The All-Russian Society of the Deaf, taking part in such forums, hopes to see the understanding of these points on the part of the legislative and executive authorities in the implementation of projects social adaptation people with disabilities, including people with hearing impairments.

Thesis

Korotaeva, Marika Valerievna

Academic degree:

PhD in Psychology

Place of defense of the dissertation:

VAK specialty code:

Speciality:

Developmental psychology, acmeology

Number of pages:

Chapter 1. Theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of productivity acmeological expertise in professional activities state employees

1.1. State of the Research Problem

1.2. Acmeological characteristics of the professional activity of an expert in professional activities of civil servants

1.3. Acmeological principles, criteria, indicators and methods for conducting expertise in the professional activities of civil servants

Conclusions on the first chapter

Chapter 2. Optimization of the process of improving acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants

2.1. Acmeological model of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants

2.2. The productivity of acmeological expertise in the course of attestation of the professional activities of civil servants

2.3. The productivity of acmeological expertise in the organization and conduct innovative projects and practitioners in the professional activities of civil servants

Conclusions on the second chapter Conclusion

Introduction to the thesis (part of the abstract) On the topic "Productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants"

The relevance of the research problem is due to the need for a high professional level and quality acmeological expertise in personnel work and development of innovations in the civil service. The directions of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant are: acmeological assessment, diagnostics, monitoring of the professionalism of the activities of managers and specialists of the civil service, in which their development, training, qualification transfer is carried out in accordance with the results of their activities; effectiveness of administrative management innovations. Acmeological examination in the professional activity of a civil servant is an assessment of the level of professional knowledge, skills and abilities of a civil servant, as well as his potential and ability to self-improve in the professional field.

Thoughtful innovative activity in the civil service is described and presented in the form of innovative projects and programs, which, for official implementation into practice, must be subject to qualified expert assessment as a way of their "rationing", recognition, institutionalization. The function of acmeological expertise in the implementation of innovative administrative projects is to display and support initiatives, phenomena and precedents for the development of public administration practices that arise outside the "boundaries" of the established, established management system, to achieve them official recognition and support in the form of representation and expertise at various types and levels of events that have a legal basis, which include competitions, reviews held at the international, all-Russian and regional levels.

In the current practice of public service management, there are contradictions between:

The urgent need to conduct various kinds of examinations in the personnel and innovative work of the public service and the lack of traditions and systems in its implementation;

The need for qualified experts to carry out examinations in the public service and the lack of programs for their professional training and advanced training, as well as the insufficient acmeological culture of managers and specialists of the public service in the field of expert work.

All these aspects, which are in demand by modern management activities in the public service system, with particular acuteness reveal the relevance of conducting acmeologically oriented studies of the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant.

The state of scientific development of the research problem

The classification (typology) of examinations was developed by V.A. Lisichkin, V.L. Gorelov, G. Theil, N.F. Glazovsky, E.A. Pozachenyuk, Yu.M. Fedorov, V.I. Bakshtanovsky, S.L. Bratchenko, T.S. Karachentseva, Yu.V. Sogomonov. N.F. Talyzina and V.S. Cherepanov consider pedagogical expertise as a part of pedagogical qualimetry, which deals with the issues of examination of educational and methodological literature, structuring and planning of educational material, building professiograms, assessing the student's personality and a number of other issues related to learning technology; T.G. Novikova examines the theoretical foundations of the examination of innovative activities in education.

S.D. Beshelev, F.G. Gurvich, Z.A. Malkova, A.I. Orlov , G.V. Raushenbakh, Yu.N. Tyurin, B.G. Litvak, G.A. Satarov, B.C. Cherepanov, D.S. Shmerling and others. In these works, the role and importance of expert evaluation in solving various kinds of problems in an organization was shown, the concept of expertise and expert evaluation was worked out, procedures for optimizing the selection of experts, mathematical processing of data obtained in the process of expert evaluation were developed, the role of selection of experts in organization of the expert evaluation procedure.

Expert and evaluation activities in the personnel management system were considered in the studies of H.A. Alekseeva, O.S. Vikhansky, A.I. Naumova, S.G. Gaidarzhi, A.I. Gorbachev, JI.A. Kalinichenko, A.I. Turchynov and others). Expert assessments as a means of validating diagnostic methods in psychodiagnostics and social psychology were studied by A.S. Gorbatenko, B.P. Zhiznevsky,

A.JL Zhuravlev, Ya.L. Kolominsky, A.A. Rusalinova,

B.C. Saporovsky and others.

In line with psychological and acmeological science, this problem was partially considered in the study of the problems of improving the professionalism of specialists in the field of human resource management, psychological support for personnel work procedures, acmeological assessment, diagnostics and monitoring (E.A. Aksenova, T.Yu. Bazarov, A.V. Zharinov, A.J1. Zhuravlev, B.S. Skvortsov, K.M. Ushakov, A.V. Filippov, V.M. Shepel, etc.), as well as within the framework of managerial acmeology (O.S. Anisimov, S.A. Anisimov, I.V. Bukhtiyarova, A. A. Derkach, V. G. Zazykin, N. I. Konyukhov, E. P. Kondratieva, G. I. Marasanov, V. N. Markov, V. N. Markin, A. N. Morozov, A. S. Ognev, Yu.V. Sinyagin, S.A. Smirnov), the individual psychological characteristics of experts were studied in the works of T.G. Novikova, P.P. Enakaeva and others.

The productivity of acmeological expertise in personnel work and the implementation of administrative innovations in the civil service has not been systematically studied and requires further development in connection with its practical application both in order to improve the professionalism of all official categories of civil servants and to increase the innovative potential of the civil service as a whole. Thus, the relevance of the research problem, its insufficient development, theoretical and practical significance determined the choice of topic, made it possible to formulate the goal, object, subject, hypotheses and research objectives.

The purpose of the study is to determine acmeological determinants of the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants.

The object of the study is acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants.

The subject of the study is ways to increase the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants.

Research hypotheses

Innovativeness, efficiency, effectiveness of the professional activities of a civil servant depend on the productivity of acmeological expertise in professional activities, which is considered as a process, procedure, method, method and result of evaluating objects, subjects, procedures, results of professional and innovative activities in public administration.

The development of the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants involves: the development of an acmeological model; determination of the principles, forms and methods of conducting acmeological expertise in the civil service in assessing the professionalism of civil service personnel and the effectiveness of innovative administrative management projects that ensure its development, as well as the development acmeological technologies and systems of organizational and acmeological support of acmeological expertise in the course of its implementation.

Based on the goal, taking into account the characteristics of the object and subject, within the framework of the put forward hypotheses, the research tasks are defined:

1. Summarize the state of development of the problem under study.

2. To identify the acmeological characteristics of the expert's activities during the examination in the professional activities of civil servants.

3. Determine the acmeological principles and methods for conducting an examination in the professional activities of civil servants.

4. Design acmeological model of expertise in the professional activities of civil servants.

5. Determine ways to improve and increase the productivity of acmeological expertise in the course of attestation procedures, organization and implementation of innovative projects and practices in the professional activities of civil servants.

The theoretical basis of the study is a systematic approach, the principles of development, social determinism mental processes, knowledge, and psychological research personalities (K.A. Abulkhanova, B.G. Ananiev, A.G. Asmolov, A.A. Bodalev, L.I. Bozhovich, L.S. Vygotsky, V.S. Merlin, V.N. Myasishchev, K.K. Platonov and others), research of activity and its structure (A.V. Brushlinsky, V.V. Davydov, V.P. Zinchenko, A.N. Leontiev, S.L. Rubinstein and others), works revealing the main provisions of the psychological-acmeological approach (O.S. Anisimov, A.A. Bodalev, A.A. Derkach, N.V. Kuzmina, V.G. Mikhailovsky, A.Yu. Panasyuk, E.V. Selezneva, I.N. Semenov, Yu.V.

T.Yu.Bazarov, V.M.Gerasimov, A.S.Guseva, Yu.N.Emelyanov, E.S.Zharikov,

A.L.Zhuravlev, E.A.Klimov, A.G.Kovalev, R.L.Krichevsky, E.S.Kuzmin, L.G.Laptev, A.L.Sventsitsky, A.V.Filippov, R. H. Shakurov, V. M. Shepel, etc.); research on innovation and innovation activities (K. Angelovski, H. Barnet, J. Basset, V.I. Zagvyazinsky, S.D. Ilyenkov, A.I. Prigozhin, I. Schumpeter, etc.). General understanding the essence of the expert method and expertise is reflected in the works of O.S. Anisimov, N.E. Arkhangelsky, V.P. Bespalko, G.V. Vorobyov, A.A. Derkach,

V.I.Zhuravlenva, V.V.Kraevsky, T.G.Novikova, T.V.Sidorina, V.S.Cherepanov and others.

Empirical base of research. In total, 341 people took part in the study - civil servants acting as experts (2004 - 2007), including: in an empirical study - 315 civil servants studying at the Russian Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, in a pilot study - 26 civil servants Administrations Samara region.

The reliability and reliability of the research results is determined by the validity of the initial theoretical and methodological provisions, provided by their theoretical and methodological basis, complexity, the use of proven methodological and mathematical tools that are adequate to the nature of the phenomenon under study, representative sample, statistical significance obtained data, which ensured the validity and reliability of the results obtained in the study.

The main scientific results obtained personally by the applicant and their scientific novelty

1. Generalized theoretical approaches to the problems of expertise, this concept is considered as: obligatory receipt of information, its study (analysis), evaluation, development of proposals and possible ways in the direction of development in the form of a conclusion, if an expert (involved specialist) has special knowledge. It is shown that acmeological expertise in the professional activity of a civil servant is an interdisciplinary multifunctional diagnostic method for studying personnel and innovative phenomena and processes in terms of discovering their potential acmeological development. At the same time, the innovative activity of subject-object relations is the involvement of the participants in these forecasts (professional, educational) in the activity of creating, mastering and using innovations in practice, involving a strategy of local, modular, systemic changes, creating an innovative acmeological environment in professional work. To implement this acmeological strategy, acmeological complex-targeted programs are created as special means, which have a combination of such properties as relevance, predictability, rationality, controllability, covering all areas of innovative activity. It was revealed that acmeological expertise in the professional activity of a civil servant as an implementation tool includes acmeological technologies for diagnosing, evaluating, monitoring, correcting and developing the professionalism of civil service personnel and the effectiveness of innovative administrative projects.

2. The essential-substantive characteristic of the expert's professional activity during the acmeological examination in the professional activity of a civil servant is given. It is shown that an expert is a specialist who has the necessary knowledge, skills and experience in the field of his professional activity, which is included in the decision-making process, and expert activity is a specific type of research activity (theoretical, technological readiness, experience of the subject's creative readiness for research activities). Based on the analysis of the tasks performed by an expert in the course of normative, qualifying, understanding examinations, it was concluded that for the qualitative performance of the above functions (diagnostic, research, evaluation, control, predictive, formative, design, support), the expert must \ be a competent specialist both in the field of the object of quality assessment (professional competence) and in the field of assessment methodology (qualimetric competence).

It has been established that the increase in the productivity of expert assessments when conducting acmeological expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant is due to the selection of experts based on their individual psychological and personal-professional characteristics (professional-acmeological thinking, the ability to formulate professional ideas and concepts, high level professional skills); professional courage, determination, the ability to discuss, the fight against stencils and stamps; developed professional flair based on the social-perceptual and communicative competence of the subject of professional activity, critical analysis and reasonable use of advanced professional experience, the need for professional self-education, self-development, self-correction, the application of scientific developments in their activities; preparation of experts for evaluation activities by conducting training work aimed at improving their communicative, social-perceptual and autopsychological competencies; improvement of the procedure for evaluation activities, allowing to reduce the level of subjectivity (increase objectivity) of the work of experts; organization individual work with managers based on the analysis of the results of their work as experts.

3. Acmeological principles and methods of conducting an examination in the professional activity of a civil servant have been identified. The following basic principles have been singled out when conducting expert evaluation: environmental friendliness; dialogue and cooperation; constructiveness; creativity and flexibility; diversity and pluralism; privacy; personal responsibility. The goals of the acmeological examination of innovative activities in the public service are: control or statement of a certain innovative fact, action, result; diagnostics or research of innovative activity or results of this activity; grade innovation processes and products of innovative activity; forecast of the development of both the innovation activity itself and its impact on other processes in public administration; support or "growing" innovation to the possibility of its application in real management practice. The objectives of the expertise in personnel work are: acmeological assessment of civil service personnel in the course of personnel procedures: competitions for filling a vacant position, attestation, qualification exam, formation of a personnel reserve.

General and special criteria for acmeological expert evaluation of innovative projects in the public service have been identified.

4. The acmeological model of acmeological examination in the professional activities of civil servants includes: an adequate choice of the type of examination, the correct functional correspondence of the examination to its object, the choice of the target orientation of the examination, the development of the professionalism of experts through the improvement of their personal and professional qualities and special competence (qualimetric) , selection of adequate criteria and indicators of expert evaluation. According to the function performed, acmeological examinations are divided into monofunctional and polyfunctional, which as a result represent the target orientation of acmeological examination and, in turn, are divided into: control, evaluation, diagnostic, predictive, conflict.

5. Showing ways to increase the productivity of acmeological expertise, including the procedures necessary for the study and evaluation of all components of public administration in order to obtain professional opinion on the possibility and forecast of the effective organization of the professional activity of a civil servant. This type Acmeological expertise provides for an acmeological assessment carried out in the staffing, during which the professional activities of a civil servant, his self-development, self-organization of professional and creative activities are assessed and is carried out as part of the certification procedures and the qualification exam. The criteria-evaluative base in the professional activity of a civil servant is formed on the basis of professiographic expert research, the result of which is an indicative professiogram of a civil servant and a system of professional competencies.

6. Ways to optimize the process of improving acmeological expertise in the organization and implementation of innovative projects and practices in the professional activities of civil servants have been identified, which consist in the manifestation and support of initiatives, precedents and best practices in the development of public administration, public presentation and expertise at various types and levels of events ( competitions, reviews held at the international, all-Russian and regional levels). In organizational and legal terms, such competitions should be held by various foundations and associations under the auspices of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation or the Ministries in charge of the implementation of administrative reform in the civil service.

It is proved that innovative activity in the system of the civil service, presented in the form of socio-economic, managerial, administrative and economic initiatives, requires a prolonged acmeological examination, carried out at all stages of the formation and development of innovations. During the acmeological examination of management initiatives, it is necessary to perform consulting and accompanying functions, while the consulting function can be performed by both experts and invited specialists, the accompanying function remains the responsibility of the organizers and scientific consultants.

The practical significance of the study. The acmeological complex-targeted program for improving acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants can be used for students and trainees in the system of higher vocational education, at additional training and retraining of civil service personnel, in the process of training in higher educational institutions, in the course of adaptation of young specialists, individual counseling.

The battery of methods used in the study for conducting acmeological expert work can be used in personnel and innovative work with civil servants.

Testing and implementation of research results. Main provisions and results dissertation research were discussed at meetings of the problem group and the department of acmeology and psychology of professional activity of the Russian Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation.

The data obtained were tested by the author during practical exercises at the rate " Psychology of professional activity". Various aspects of the dissertation, experimental data, conclusions were reported by the author on " round tables"and scientific conferences: International scientific conference "Acmeology: development of personality and professional" (Samara, December 1 - 2, 2005); scientific and practical conference " Acmeological grounds for the development of the creative potential of students"(Moscow, March 30, 2006), scientific and practical conference " Ensuring the quality of human resources: problems and solutions"(Moscow April 11, 2007), in publications.

The results of the study were used in the practice of psychological and professional counseling of civil service personnel and in pedagogical activity.

Provisions for defense

1. Acmeological expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant (both in the course of acmeological monitoring and acmeological assessment in personnel work, and in the course of implementing innovative projects) is the collection or receipt of information, its study, study, analysis, understanding, interpretation, judgment , conclusions. Based on the results of the acmeological expert study, a conclusion is drawn up - a written document that fixes the grounds and conditions for the examination, the issues raised for resolution and the objects of the examination, describes the process of the expert study and the factual data established by the expert. In many acmeological expert opinions, the final document is one of the types of legal act. An important role in acmeological expert opinion is played by the interpretation of the results of the examination, which provides for the development by the expert of his attitude to the perceived object, subject.

Acmeological expertise, along with other methods, allows you to implement the following functions: diagnostic, evaluative, reflective, feedback, stimulating, prognostic, developing, preventive, autopsychological. The developmental effect of expertise in the course of acmeological monitoring is a high level of development of the subjectivity of civil service personnel, which reflects the ability to control the process of self-development, the willingness to realize one's potential through independently set goals and objectives in practical activities.

2. During the implementation of acmeological expertise, competence as the degree of qualification of an expert in a certain field of knowledge is determined on the basis of the fruitfulness of his activity, the level and breadth of acquaintance with the achievements of world science, understanding contemporary problems and development prospects. Qualimetric competence provides a clear understanding by a specialist of expert assessment methods, the ability to use various types of assessment scales, while distinguishing a fairly large number of their gradations.

An expert on innovative activities in public administration is a specialist with professional and qualimetric competence (the necessary knowledge and experience in the field of public administration, able to analyze newly received information, able to assess the object of expertise within his competence, taking into account the main directions of development of the public service who owns the technologies used in the examination, is able to assess the possibility of their application in specific situation and give appropriate recommendations and conclusions, as well as being responsible for the conclusions and recommendations made by him), who knows scientific schools or basic scientific theories within which the approach is carried out and owns the techniques and technologies for conducting an examination and is endowed with (possessing) specific qualities: intuition, intelligence , heuristic, iredica-tornost, humanitarian view.

3. Acmeological expertise in the public service system performs the following functions: humanistic, social, prognostic, corrective, motivational, research, evaluation, normative, developing, as well as consulting and teaching and support. Expertise is considered as a process, procedure, method, method and result of evaluating objects, subjects, procedures, activities, results. In the normative acmeological examination, both a combination and separately set following goals can be used - control, evaluation, diagnostic; with a qualifying (interpretive) examination - diagnostics and evaluation; in tasting acmeological examination - diagnostics and prognosis; in understanding acmeological expertise - predictive and consulting-supporting. The composition of the general criteria for evaluating an innovative project includes indicators: novelty (innovation) of the project idea; the scale, consistency and effectiveness of the innovation project; translatability of the project idea. Special criteria include: the completeness of the structure of the innovation project; the degree of elaboration of the structural elements of the project; consistency of structural parts of the project. Particular criteria include: the realism of the innovative project; feasibility of an innovative project; instrumentality (controllability) of the project.

4. Acmeological models of expertise reveal conceptual approaches to the implementation of the goals facing the professional activities of civil servants, and allow for expertise: at the level of idea development - "understanding" acmeological expertise; at the level of modification and reconstruction of existing practice - "qualifying" (interpreting) acmeological expertise; at the level of transformation of innovation - normative acmeological expertise allows us to consider issues of traditionalization, innovation, etc. The task of predictive acmeological expertise is to go beyond the known, to step over the boundaries of the existing system of knowledge. The control function is put forward in the first place in the expertise of innovative projects, materials and innovative activities, in modern social, economic, environmental expertise and a number of others. The basis of this type of acmeological examinations are legislative acts, norms, regulations, standards and regulations. Elements of diagnostic examinations (diagnosis of determining conditions proper) take place in all types of expert activities, but most often they are used in personnel work in assessing the professionalism of civil service personnel.

5. The basis of acmeological expertise in personnel work is the development of a system of criteria and indicators for expert evaluation of the effectiveness of professional activities in the civil service. Indicators and the system of indicators constitute one of the instruments of control in the field of public administration, within which, based on the use of a system of indicators (not only financial), systematic monitoring of the activities of both organizational units and individual employees is carried out, data on the effectiveness of administrative processes are collected, which creates the possibility of integrated planning and regulation of administrative processes.

The objectivity of the acmeological expert assessment of the professional competence of a civil servant in the course of attestation and qualification exam increases with professional testing and direct observation of experts over the applicants, their behavior, reaction, building communications in the course of real and specially designed situations. In the course of acmeological examination, as a rule, it is especially difficult to assess the personal and professional characteristics of the participants, their fixation and avoiding subjectivity.

6. Acmeological examination of innovative activities in the public service is a study aimed at identifying the level of its innovative development and resulting in a description of the ways to implement this activity in terms of maintaining uniqueness and specificity, as well as proposals for adjusting these methods in the direction of developing the practice of public management. The object of acmeological examination of innovative projects in the professional activities of civil servants can be: professional achievements of government bodies (federal, regional, municipal); professional achievements of civil servants of various job categories; management initiatives aimed at solving individual innovative tasks at the level of the industry, region, municipality, the process of implementing these initiatives, as well as social outcomes introduction of administrative, managerial initiatives.

Experience professional competitions in various professional groups (primarily in the field of education and healthcare) shows that the greatest freedom in submitting an application and, as a result, greater freedom and variety of innovative directions, models, projects, are competitions that offer a wide alternative field and less rigidity in choice of direction, method of presenting the result, etc. The object of expertise in them can be identified strategies, initiatives, the standards in which it is impossible to set rigidly without losing novelty, initiative, originality, creativity.

Dissertation conclusion on the topic "Psychology of development, acmeology", Korotaeva, Marika Valerievna

Conclusions on the second chapter

1.Acmeological the model of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant includes: an adequate choice of the type of expertise, the correct functional correspondence of the expertise to its object, the choice of the target orientation of the expertise, the development of the professionalism of experts through the improvement of their personal professional qualities and special competence (qualimetric), the choice of adequate criteria and indicators of expert evaluation .

2. Examination models reveal conceptual approaches to the implementation of the goals of innovation activity and allow for examination: at the level of idea development - "understanding" examination; at the level of modification and reconstruction of existing practice - "qualifying" (interpretive) expertise; at the level of transformation of innovation - normative expertise allows to consider the issues of traditionalization of innovation, etc.

3. According to the function performed, the examinations are divided into monofunctional and polyfunctional, which as a result represent the target orientation of the examination and, in turn, are divided into: control, evaluation, diagnostic, predictive, conflict.

4. Depending on the level of organization, examinations are divided into: interstate, state, public, departmental, and in accordance with the level of elaboration, they are divided into primary and secondary. The latter are carried out when shortcomings are indicated in the primary examination that require revision and submission for re-examination, or are repeated at the request of the customer, etc.

5. Competent technological execution will increase the efficiency of expert procedures if they are carried out by trained specialists, knowing the features scientific schools, and if the line of irremovability of the expert throughout the entire technological chain of expertise is strictly adhered to.

6. The task of predictive expertise is to go beyond the known, to step over the boundaries of the existing system of knowledge. . For a successful forecast, it is necessary not only to know well the patterns of the system development from its past state to the present one, but (as studies on synergetics show) it is necessary to go from the possible future to the present. The control function is put forward in the first place in the expertise of innovative projects, materials and innovative activities, in modern social, economic, environmental expertise and a number of others. The basis of this type of expertise are legislative acts, norms, regulations, standards and rules. Elements of diagnostic examinations (diagnosis of the determining conditions proper) take place in all types of expert activities. As a special kind, they are common in pedagogy, psychology, jurisprudence, and medicine. Diagnostic examinations are often used to find out natural causes complicating the functioning of social systems.

7. Given that the professional implementation of technology depends on specialists and their level of professionalism, the competent selection of expert groups, as well as on preliminary dating experts with the organization and procedure for conducting an examination, the most common violations are the involvement of various groups of experts to evaluate innovative projects on different stages assessment (or changing, moving experts from one nomination to another), thereby violating the objectivity of the comprehensive assessment submitted for processing and determining the place (rank) of the materials under consideration. The absence of a well-constructed organizational stage at which it is possible for expert groups to "work" before the start of the examination leads to errors in understanding the goals and objectives and, as a result, to biased expert assessments.

8. Expertise in the professional activity of a civil servant is a set of procedures necessary for the study and evaluation of all components of public administration in order to obtain a professional opinion on the possibility and forecast of the effective organization of the professional activity of a civil servant. This type of examination provides acmeological assessment carried out in the staffing, during which the professional activity of a civil servant, his self-development, self-organization of professional and creative activity is assessed. This type of assessment, as mentioned above, is carried out, as a rule, within the framework of attestation procedures and a qualification exam. In general, expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant is a set of procedures necessary for the study and evaluation of all components of public administration in order to obtain a professional opinion on the possibility and forecast of the effective organization of the professional activities of a civil servant.

9. Important theoretical aspect acmeological expertise in personnel work is the development of a system of criteria and indicators for expert evaluation of the effectiveness of professional activities in the public service. Indicators and the system of indicators are one of the tools of controlling in the field of public administration. This tool, which uses a system of indicators (not only financial ones), allows you to systematically monitor the activities of both organizational units and individual employees, collect data on the effectiveness of administrative processes, which creates the possibility of integrated planning and regulation of administrative processes.

10. The objectivity of the expert assessment of the professional competence of a civil servant in the course of attestation and qualification exam increases with professional testing and direct observation of applicants, their behavior, reaction, building communications in real and specially designed situations. During the examination, as a rule, a particular difficulty is the assessment of the personal and professional characteristics of the participants, their fixation and avoidance of subjectivity.

11. The criteria-evaluative base in the professional activity of a civil servant is formed on the basis of professiographic expert research, the result of which is an indicative professiogram of a civil servant and a system of professional competencies.

12. An analysis of foreign experience in expert evaluation of the effectiveness of a civil servant's professional activities has shown that performance evaluations in the public sector can be grouped as follows: 1) where the role of the individual dominates in solving professional problems (for example, in law enforcement agencies - the financial police, the border service, law enforcement structures, the army), are more likely to be characterized by assessments of a personal profile; 2) a system of assessments of the behavioral plan, assessments based on the analysis of any segment of the performance results; assessments based on job analysis, which compares the results of such an analysis and the true result of the activity (public civil service).

13. The productivity of acmeological expertise in personnel work is also expressed in its value from the position of a leader. The top-level executive extracts extremely important information from her documents - which parts of his organization are well staffed with capable employees, which are not. Moreover, with a proper certification system, such a system for assessing the qualifications of employees is carried out quickly, within 2-3 days, given in the context of each unit, for each group of employees.

14. Generalization of Qualification requirements of seven Ministries (Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation, Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, Ministry Agriculture Russian Federation, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation) for the indicator " knowledge, skills and qualities» made it possible to identify both general and specific areas « knowledge, skills and qualities» for four categories of federal civil servants, which served as the basis for the development of new methodological tools for expert assessment of the professional competence of civil servants - tests of professional knowledge, including questions reflecting the basic competencies of civil servants.

15. As expert measurements have shown, the level of competence in two basic areas of professional activity of civil servants - the basics of civil service and information technology competence - is average and below average. Variation depending on gender and age is low. This result of the expert assessment allows us to conclude that the level of professionalism of civil servants is insufficient, they do not have the necessary amount of basic knowledge, skills and abilities.

16. Based on the selected groups of basic and special competencies, a professional survey was conducted of managers and specialists of the Ministry of Health (10 people) and the Ministry of Humanitarian and Social Development (Department of Information and Analytical Technologies - 16 people) of the Samara Region in order to determine the functional content of basic and special competencies, significance (priority) of each competency for groups of positions (managers and specialists) and civil service profile. The expert group included the most successful workers who, together with the acmeologist and the worker, were able to personnel service conduct a professional analysis of their own professional activities. The structure of the interview consists of three mandatory questions for each type of competence: identify professional tasks within this type of competence; highlight professionally important qualities that ensure the solution of these problems; identify typical mistakes and difficulties in solving these problems. The survey also involves discussing with the expert all related questions aimed at final result- compiling a complete list of professional tasks and professionally important qualities for each category of civil servants

17. The ratio of the rating of competencies for the three groups of civil servants shows: on average, the ratings of competencies of all categories of civil servants differ to a small extent, which indicates the presence of a common professional thinking; competency ratings are interconnected with the status of a civil servant and the specific profile of the civil service; the higher the status of the head (comparison of heads of departments and heads of departments), the greater the importance of the main types of competencies; for civil servants of the Department of Information and Analytical Technologies, control and accounting, innovation and research, expert and consulting, representative types of competencies are more significant; for specialists, regulatory-regulatory and innovative-research competence is of the least importance, and the greatest is the ability to work with documents, control and accounting, special knowledge, and communicative competence.

18. The function of the expertise of innovative activities in the civil service is to show and support initiatives, phenomena and precedents for the development of public administration practices that arise outside the "boundaries" of the established, well-established management system, public presentation and expertise at various types and levels of events that have a legal basis, to which include competitions, reviews held at the international, all-Russian and regional levels. In organizational and legal terms, such competitions should be held by various Foundations and Associations under the auspices of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation or the Ministries in charge of the implementation of administrative reform in the civil service.

19. An important tool for further development of innovations is the system of peer review. Taking into account the experience of applying peer review of innovative projects in education in the public service, the procedure for reviewing innovative initiatives with the assignment of the status of a federal experimental site should consist of three stages: review of the application, review of the project, review of the model.

20. The object of expertise of innovative projects in the professional activities of civil servants may be: professional achievements of government bodies (federal, regional, municipal); professional achievements of civil servants of various job categories; management initiatives aimed at solving individual innovative tasks at the level of the industry, region, municipality, the process of implementing these initiatives, as well as the social results of the implementation of initiatives.

21. The subject of expertise at the first stage may be innovative projects for the implementation of federal and regional programs, author's systems of professional activity, innovative organizational management systems. At the second stage - the described results of implemented initiatives, activities, products of activities. At the third stage - the innovative management activity itself (in the case of exports carried out on the basis of a specific public authority).

22. Innovative activity in the civil service system, presented in the form of socio-economic, managerial, administrative and economic initiatives, requires a prolonged examination carried out at all stages of the formation and development of innovations. During the examination of management initiatives, it is necessary to perform consulting and accompanying functions, while the consulting function can be performed by both experts and invited specialists, the accompanying function remains within the competence of the organizers and scientific consultants.

23. The experience of holding professional competitions in various professional groups (primarily in the field of education and healthcare) shows that the greatest freedom in submitting an application and, as a result, greater freedom and variety of innovative directions, models, projects, are competitions in which it is proposed a wide alternative field and less rigidity in the choice of direction, method of presenting the result, etc. The object of expertise in them can be identified strategies, initiatives, the standards in which it is impossible to set rigidly without losing novelty, initiative, originality, creativity.

Conclusion

Despite the relevance and practical significance, the problem of the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants has not been fully studied. The work carried out integrated the results of modern psychological and acmeological research into the problems of acmeological expertise and its application in assessing and developing the professionalism of civil service personnel and developing innovative activities. The substantiation of the theoretical and methodological base, the expansion of the idea of ​​the subject under study, makes it possible to reach the applied level.

In the genesis of the study of the problem of acmeological expertise of civil servants, philosophical, psychological and pedagogical, acmeological, scientific, managerial directions. It is shown that the problem of acmeological expertise has the framework of interdisciplinary scientific discipline. It has been established that, despite numerous studies of various types, types, methods of examination, the productivity of acmeological examination as a concept has not yet been considered in relation to acmeological the content of the professional activities of civil servants. The integrative approach developed in acmeology is a prerequisite for the formulation and study of this problem. It is shown that in all approaches to the concept of expertise, both in Russian and foreign practice, there is something in common that either unites them or allows them to be considered as not contradictory, but complementary approaches to the concept: mandatory obtaining of information, its study (analysis), evaluation , development of proposals and possible ways in the direction of development in the form of a certain conclusion, if the expert (involved specialist) has special knowledge.

The dissertation shows that acmeological expertise in professional activities is aimed at solving personnel and innovative tasks that are relevant to the current level of development of the public service, developing proposals for correcting emerging problems. The goals of acmeological expertise are substantiated, which include research, evaluation, control, diagnostics, prognosis, formation. The acmeological essence of expertise in the professional activities of civil servants lies in the fact that the processes, procedures, methods, methods and results of expert evaluation are aimed at identifying current and potential development areas both in the field of personnel work and professionalism assessment, and in innovative and transformative activities. civil servants.

It was revealed that the productivity of acmeological expertise also depends on the level of professionalism and competence of the expert. The necessary requirements for experts are determined by professional and qualimetric competence, mastery of scientific methodology and expertise techniques. The training program for experts on the implementation of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants is a regulatory and supportive tool for improving the professional level of civil servants in general, as well as developing the innovative potential of the civil service.

In the practice of public service, expertise is a reflection of practice and, therefore, involves participation in the construction of what happened, identifying the essential in it. Expertise relies on those links of reflexive analysis that are associated with the transition from a situational view of what happened to the essential and uses this result to answer the initial questions: what is the cause of the difficulty, what is the most important system-forming in the event under consideration, how does this case differ from others, what is the prospect of this case in comparison with others, etc. Outside of the transition to an essential view of experience, events, perspective, there is no difference between ordinary and individually significant reflection and expert analysis. As research is the basis of the expert's activity, then the examination is built on top of a practical attempt to understand the situation, uses the results of empirical reflection as material to start its process.

Thus, several areas can become the subject of expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant:

1. Innovations in the civil service (changes and reforms in the civil service, national projects, etc.). Approaches to the examination of innovative activities in the public service may differ:

The object of consideration (region, government agency different levels, project, organizational and managerial processes of activity, etc.),

Methods of collecting and processing data in the study (statistics, qualimetry, sociometry, peer review, etc.) that ensure the adoption of a managerial decision.

2. Innovations implemented in the field of logistical support of innovations in the civil service, the expertise of which includes the assessment of technical and technological, ergonomic and medical-physiological components, equipment and requires the involvement of specialists from other fields of activity. The main purpose of this examination is diagnostics, research, evaluation and conclusion on the issue of possible innovations that allow making positive changes in the management process, while meeting medical, ergonomic and technical and technological requirements.

3. Acmeological assessment, carried out in staffing, during which the professional activity of a civil servant, his self-development, self-organization of professional and creative activities are evaluated. This type of assessment, as mentioned above, is carried out, as a rule, within the framework of attestation procedures and a qualification exam.

4. Innovations carried out in management technologies, which are the main object of expertise. The following aspects may be the subject of examination educational technologies:

Compliance of the declared goals with the real content of management;

The degree of implementation of the scientific and methodological principles of management technology in the proposed methodology;

Possibilities of using management technology for management in a particular region, industry, organization;

The cost of implementing management technology.

Thus, the study revealed that the examination in the professional activities of a civil servant is a set of procedures necessary for the study and evaluation of all components of public administration in order to obtain a professional opinion on the possibility and forecast of the effective organization of the professional activities of a civil servant.

The study confirmed the initial hypothesis, the correctness of setting the research objectives, the provisions submitted for defense, and made it possible to formulate the following scientific and practical recommendations: the development of the productivity of acmeological expertise should become an integral part of increasing the innovative and personal-professional development of a civil servant; continuous educational and self-educational processes are required within the framework of additional professional education for the training of experts, the use of adequate expert procedures in various areas of public service, which ensures a high level of development of professional tasks.

prospects further research in this direction, an interdisciplinary approach to all the developed provisions and the results obtained, the development and testing of tools to optimize the development of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants are assumed.

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To expand the geography of successful implementation of socio-economic projects in the Russian regions, the Agency for Strategic Initiatives (ASI) will hold a panel discussion at the International Investment Forum (MIF) Sochi-2016, where it will present the results of the best practices and initiatives for the socio-economic development of regions. This competition is held in Russia for the first time.

ASI Deputy General Director Marika Korotaeva spoke in an interview with TASS about what became the prerequisites for holding the competition and named the contenders for victory.

- For three years, the ASI has compiled a rating of the investment attractiveness of regions. How is the rating compiled and who is currently in the lead?

First, it is important to understand that this rating is based on assessments given by entrepreneurs themselves to the conditions for doing business in the regions. Together with business associations "Business Russia", "Opora Rossii", as well as the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation and the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, we conduct surveys and get an extremely clear picture of the strengths and weaknesses each region. Among the leaders of the rating of investment attractiveness are now the Republic of Tatarstan, Belgorod, Kaluga, Tula, Tyumen, Vladimir regions, Chuvashia and Krasnodar region. During our work, we discovered a large number of practices that do not directly affect the investment climate, but make the life of people in the region better, creating an atmosphere in which they want to work, live and invest money.

- What was the main goal of the competition?

For us, the competition is not an end in itself, it is part of a system for scaling the right ideas, because there is no point in reinventing the wheel in the face of the need for prompt adoption right decisions. We need to find the best solutions and refine them with ministries and departments, making them as universal as possible and acceptable to most regions. I am sure that some practices will be worked out at the federal level and scaled throughout the country.

We are creating a "Right Solutions Store", where you can get not theoretical advice, but a universal solution in the form of a project, with reference to the donor region and its implementation practice, as well as economic and social effect, plus guaranteed support from the federal agency in charge of the topic. One of the implementation tools is also a standard road map. You can work with this right now.

In essence, it is about standardizing management and accelerating the implementation of the best solutions. We often talk about the regional development strategy, but this directly depends on whether there is a mechanism for prompt response to the changing economic and social reality.

We have created a mechanism and a platform for the exchange of best practices between regions. Thanks to the competition, it was possible to make an information cut of popular practices, good ideas are literally in the air and are being implemented in several regions at the same time, such as, for example, the "People's Budget", which involves solving the priority problems of residents by combining the resources of the regional budget, the budget of municipalities, financial resources population, as well as other attracted funds.

Our task is to generalize similar practices, create the best model, finalize it with the ministries in terms of unification and compliance with the law, and present a certain “polished” model for scaling in the regions.

- Who is the participant of the competition?

Of course, the region itself, since only it has all the information in order to recognize this or that management decision as successful. According to the results of the first competition, we reviewed 302 projects from 68 regions of the country. For the first competition, this is an excellent indicator. A list of 18 contenders for victory in six categories has now been formed: "Social and Economic Policy", "Creation of comfortable conditions for life", "Development human capital", "Interaction with the public", "Effective budgeting" and "Quality of public services". We will sum up the results of the competition on September 30 at the International Investment Forum in Sochi.

- What social and economic practices of the regions were among the contenders for victory?

It was a difficult choice, since the well-developed methodology of the competition allowed us to collect high-quality material, namely, a lot of good and useful practices.

Among those that, by decision of the expert jury, were included in the list of contenders for victory, I would name the practice of installing additional fire detectors in the living quarters where dysfunctional families as well as low-income and large families. If you look at the statistics, the main share of fires falls on this risk zone. Of course, the practice needs to be spread throughout the country.

There are excellent practices for remote areas: the Leningrad region presented the project "Motor shops in the village", according to this project, an entrepreneur can open small auto shops to work in remote areas. settlements through subsidies from the regional budget. The double benefit is obvious: it is much more expensive to operate a stationary store than to create mobile stores, while solving the problem of providing the most necessary remote settlements.

Great social and cultural project Sverdlovsk region for people with visual impairments "Traditions of folk culture - at your fingertips" makes it possible to "see" all the cultural diversity and uniqueness of their small homeland.

- As for the legislative component, many good regional and municipal initiatives may not fit into the framework of existing legislation and be interpreted as abuse of authority? How to deal with it?

Legislation is a man-made thing, changing in accordance with the real needs of citizens. If the project works in the region, then the initiators have already brought this practice into line with regional legislation. It remains only to understand how to install it in another region. We will finalize some of the practices sent to us with the interested ministries and departments, and here, most likely, we will not do without amending the legislative acts.

I will say more, in the future, we will probably have the nomination "Legislative Initiative". Faced with the fact that some regions deliberately presented their new regulations as best practice, since this is what allowed the regions to solve any issue systematically. An example is always clearer. The adoption of the law on a young specialist in the Samara region, given the lack of a definition at the federal level, made it possible to create in the region a whole program of preferential, comfortable treatment for yesterday's university graduates.

For example, assistance in purchasing housing in different regions young people are treated differently. A social mortgage program for young scientists, teachers and doctors has been launched in the Moscow Region. In the Kaluga region, social benefits are provided for employees of enterprises that work on the territory of industrial parks. Similar practices were sent to us from Volgograd, Rostov, the Saratov Region, Udmurtia, and Bashkortostan. In Buryatia, the practice of youth housing complexes is being implemented, for the purchase of housing in which young people under 30 are granted benefits.

- What other socio-economic practices can count on representation in Sochi?

There are many truly interesting and relevant practices among those presented to us. Among them we can name the "Medicinal Insurance of the Population", proposed by the Kirov Region.

The essence of this practice is the centralized procurement of medicines for 90% of the funds of the regional budget, and 10% due to co-payments from patients. Thanks to this approach, the region not only always has the necessary drugs, but also managed to reduce mortality rates from cardiovascular diseases.

In Udmurtia, the My School Card project has been implemented for several years now. A plastic card allows parents to control their child's attendance at school, helps pay for food, travel in public transport. Parents can urgently transfer money to the same card, it is possible to connect other functions. In the Republic of Udmurtia, 44% of students (more than 104 thousand children) already use these cards.

- Are there currently any practices of support in the regions of small and medium-sized businesses in a crisis, in conditions of a lack of funds coming to the budget?

In the current conditions, the issue of effective anti-crisis management is acute. We know perfectly well that resources are always limited, the only thing that matters is how they are disposed of. It's like in a family: if you're lucky with your wife - and the economy is going well, but with the "bad" one, no matter how much you bring, it's always not enough. Now you can’t work the way you used to work: there is no time for trial and error.

It is impossible to talk about who is better and who is worse at coping with the crisis, because both municipalities and regions initially have different conditions. But I am sure that there is no need to create additional institutions to support small and medium-sized businesses, enough of them have already been created. The problem is different: entrepreneurs do not always have a clear understanding of who, why and how to contact. It is necessary to form a clear understanding of the area of ​​responsibility of each institution.

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Dissertation abstract on the topic "Productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants"

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Korotaeva Marika Vale

PRODUCTIVITY OF ACMEOLOGICAL EXPERTISE IN PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES OF STATE

EMPLOYEES

Specialty 19.00.13 - developmental psychology, acmeology 4 - "(psychological sciences) -

dissertations for competition degree PhD in Psychology and Neology of Sciences

Moscow 2007

The work was carried out at the Department of Acmeology and Psychology of Professional Activities of the Russian Academy of Public Administration under the "President

Russian Federation - |

supervisor: _ "-I;

doctor of psychological sciences. ;

Stepnova Lyudmila Anatolyevna; "

Official opponents: ^

doctor of psychological sciences, professor

Zazykin Vladimir Georgievich "-,;

PhD in Psychology 1"

Narushak Valeria Borisovna:

Lead organization - Russian University Friendship between nations!

"Dissertation Council D-502 006 13 on psychological and _ | T

pedagogical sciences at the Russian Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation at 119606, Moscow, avenue, 1 -. Vernadsky, 84, 1 educational core, room 3350:,

The dissertation can be found in the library of the RAGS

Scientific Secretary of the Dissertation Council Doctor of Psychology

V.G. Aseev

1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION

The relevance of the research problem is due to the need for a high professional level and quality of acmeological expertise in personnel work and development of innovations in the civil service , qualification transfer is carried out in accordance with the results of their activities, the effectiveness of administrative management innovations Acmeological expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant is an assessment of the level of professional knowledge, skills and abilities of a civil servant, as well as his potential and ability to self-improve in the professional field

Thoughtful innovative activity in the public service is described and presented in the form of innovative projects and programs, which, for official implementation into practice, must be subject to qualified expert assessment as a way of their "rationing", recognition, institutionalization. The function of acmeological expertise in the implementation of innovative administrative projects is to show and support initiatives. , phenomena and precedents for the development of public administration practices that arise beyond the "boundaries" of the established, established system of government, seek their official recognition and support in the form of presentation and export at various types and levels of events that have a legal basis, which include competitions, reviews held at the international, all-Russian and regional levels

In the current practice of public service management, there are contradictions between

The urgent need to conduct various kinds of examinations in the personnel and innovative work of the public service and the lack of traditions and systems in its implementation,

The need for qualified experts to carry out examinations in the public service and the lack of programs for their professional training and advanced training, as well as the insufficient acmeological culture of managers and specialists of the public service in the field of expert work

All these aspects, which are in demand by modern management activities in the public service system, with particular acuteness reveal the relevance of conducting acmeologically oriented studies of the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant.

The classification (typology) of examinations was developed by V A Lisichkin, V L Gorelov, G Theil, N F Glazovsky, E A Pozachenyuk, Yu M Fedorov, V I Bakshtanovskiy, S L Bratchenko, T S Karachentseva, Yu V Sogomonov N F Talyzina and VS Cherepanov consider pedagogical expertise as a part of pedagogical qualimetry dealing with the issues of expertise of educational and methodological literature, structuring and planning educational material, constructing professiograms, assessing the student's personality and a number of other issues related to learning technology, T G Novikova considers the theoretical foundations of expertise of innovative activities in education

The development of theories of expert assessments and their application in the field of economics, sociology, statistics, qualimetry, pedagogy and management was carried out by S D Beshelev, F G Gurvich, 3 A Malkova, A I Orlov, G V Raushenbakh, Yu N Tyurin, B G Litvak, G A. Satarov, V. S. Cherepanov, D. S. Shmerling, et al. In these works, the role and importance of expert assessment in solving various types of problems in an organization was shown, the concept of examination and expert assessment was worked out, procedures were developed for optimizing the selection of experts, mathematical processing of data obtained in the process expert evaluation, the role of selection of experts in the organization of the expert evaluation procedure is shown

Expert and evaluation activities in the personnel management system were considered in the studies of N.A. Alekseev, OS Vikhansky, A.I. Naumov, S.G. Gaidarzhi, A.I. Gorbachev, L.A. Kalinichenko, A.I. social psychology were studied by A. S. Gorbatenko, B. P. Zhiznevsky, A. L. Zhuravlev, I. L. Kolominsky, A. A. Rusalinova, V. S. Saporovsky, and others.

In line with psychological and acmeological science, this problem was partially considered in the study of the problems of increasing the professionalism of specialists in the field of human resource management, psychological support for personnel work procedures, acmeological assessment, diagnostics and monitoring (E. A. Aksenova, T. Yu Bazarov, A. V. Zharinov, A. L. Zhuravlev , V S Skvortsov, K M Ushakov, A V Filippov, V M Shepel and others), as well as within the framework of managerial acmeology (O S Anisimov, S A Anisimov, I V Bukhtiyarova, A A Derkach, V G Zazykin, N I Konyukhov , E P Kondratieva, G I Marasanov, V N Markov, V N Markin, A N Morozov, A S Ognev, Yu V Sinyagin, S A Smirnov), the individual psychological characteristics of experts were studied in the works of T G Novikova, R R Enakaeva and others

The productivity of acmeological expertise in personnel work and the implementation of administrative innovations in the civil service has not been systematically studied and requires further development in connection with its practical application both in order to improve the professionalism of all

Thus, the relevance of the research problem, its insufficient development, theoretical and practical significance determined the choice of the topic, made it possible to formulate the goal, object, subject, hypotheses and objectives of the study

The purpose of the study is to determine the acmeological determinants of the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants

The object of the study is acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants

The subject of the study is ways to increase the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants

Research hypotheses

Innovativeness, efficiency, effectiveness of professional activities of a civil servant depend on the productivity of acmeological expertise in professional activities, which is considered as a process, procedure, method, method and result of evaluating objects, objects, procedures, results of professional and innovative activities in public administration

The development of the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants involves the development of an acmeological model, the definition of principles, forms and methods for conducting acmeological expertise in the civil service in assessing the professionalism of civil service personnel and the effectiveness of innovative administrative management projects that ensure its development, as well as the development of acmeological technologies and systems organizational and acmeological support of acmeological expertise during its implementation

Based on the goal, taking into account the characteristics of the object and subject, within the framework of the put forward hypotheses, the research tasks are defined

1 Summarize the state of development of the problem under study

2 Identify the acmeological characteristics of the expert's activities during the examination in the professional activities of civil servants

3 Define acmeological principles and methods for conducting expertise in the professional activities of civil servants

4 Develop an acmeological model of expertise in the professional activities of civil servants

5 Determine ways to improve and increase the productivity of acmeological expertise in the course of certification procedures, organization and implementation of innovative projects and practices in the professional activities of civil servants

The theoretical basis of the study is a systematic approach, principles of development, social deterministic hy mental

processes, cognition, as well as psychological studies of personality (K A Abulkhanova, B G Ananiev, AGAsmolov, AABadalev, LIBozhovich, L S Vygotsky, V S Merlin, V N Myasishchev, K K Platonov, etc.), studies of activity and its structure (A V. Brushlinsky, V. V. Davydov, V. P. Zinchenko, A. P. Leontiev, S. L. Rubinshtein, and others), works that reveal the main provisions of the psychological-acmeological approach (O. S. Anisimov, A. A. Vodalev, A. A. Derkach, N. V. Kuzmina, V. G. Mikhailovsky, A. Yu Panasyuk, E. V. Selezneva, I. N. Semenov, Yu. , E S Zharikov, A L Zhuravlev, E A Klimov, A G Kovalev, R L Krichevsky, E S Kuzmin, L G Laptev, A L Sventsitsky, A V Filippov, R X Shakurov, V M Shepel, et al), studies in Innovation and Innovation (K Angelovsky, X Barnet, J. Bassett, V. I. Zagvyazinsky, S. D. Ilyenkov, A. I. Prigogine, I. Schumpeter, etc.) understanding of the essence of the expert method and expertise is reflected in the works of OS Anisimov, N. E. Arkhangelsky, V. P. Bespalko, G. V. Vorobyov, A. A. Derkach, V. I. Zhuravlenv, V. V. Kraevsky, T. G. Novikova, T. V. Sidorina, V. S. Cherepanov, and others.

Empirical base of the study A total of 341 people took part in the study - civil servants acting as experts (2004 - 2007), including in an empirical study - 315 civil servants studying at the Russian Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, in a pilot study - 26 civil servants employees of the Administration of the Samara region

The reliability and reliability of the research results is determined by the validity of the initial theoretical and methodological provisions, provided by their theoretical and methodological basis, complexity, the use of proven methodological and mathematical tools that are adequate to the nature of the phenomenon under study, a representative sample, the statistical significance of the data obtained, which ensured the validity and reliability of the data obtained in the study. results

1 Theoretical approaches to the problems of expertise are generalized, this concept is considered as a mandatory receipt of information, its study (analysis), evaluation, development of proposals and possible ways in the direction of development in the form of a conclusion, if an expert (involved specialist) has special knowledge. It is shown that acmeological expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant is an interdisciplinary multifunctional diagnostic method for studying personnel and innovative phenomena and processes in terms of discovering the potential for acmeological development in them.

the activity of subject-object relations is the involvement of the participants in these forecasts (professional, educational) in the activity of creating, mastering and using innovations in practice, involving a strategy of local, modular, systemic changes, creating an innovative acmeological environment in professional work To implement this acmeological strategy in as special means, acmeological complex-targeted programs are created that have a combination of such properties as relevance, predictability, rationality, controllability, covering all areas of innovative activity. monitoring, correction and development of professionalism of civil service personnel and the effectiveness of innovative administrative projects

2 The essential-substantive characteristic of the expert's professional activity is given when conducting an acmeological examination in the professional activity of a civil servant. activity is a specific type of research activity (theoretical, technological readiness, experience of the subject’s creative readiness for research activity) research, evaluation, control, predictive, formative, design, support), the expert must be a competent specialist both in the field of the object of quality assessment (professional computer tent), and in the field of assessment methodology (qualimetric competence)

It has been established that the increase in the productivity of expert assessments in the course of acmeological examination in the professional activities of a civil servant is due to the selection of experts based on their individual psychological and personal-professional characteristics (professional-acmeological thinking, the ability to formulate professional ideas and concepts, a high level of professional skill) , professional courage, decisiveness, ability to discuss, fight against stencils and stamps, developed professional flair based on the social-perceptual and communicative competence of the subject of professional activity, critical analysis and reasonable use of advanced professional experience, the need for professional

self-education, self-development, self-correction, the application of scientific developments in their activities, the preparation of experts for evaluation activities by conducting training work aimed at increasing their communicative, social-perceptual and autopsychological competence, improving the procedure for evaluation activities, which allows to reduce the level of subjectivity (increase objectivity) of work experts, organizing individual work with managers based on the analysis of the results of their work as experts

3 The acmeological principles and methods of conducting an examination in the professional activities of a civil servant are identified. The basic principles are identified when conducting an expert assessment of environmental friendliness, dialogue and cooperation, constructiveness, creativity and flexibility, versatility and pluralism, confidentiality, personal responsibility. The goals of the acmeological examination of innovative activities in the civil service are control or a statement of some innovative fact, action, result, diagnostics or research of innovative activity or the results of this activity, assessment of innovative processes and products of innovative activity, forecast of the development of both the innovative activity itself and its impact on other processes in public administration, support or "growing "innovation to the possibility of its application in real management practice The goals of expertise in personnel work are the acmeological assessment of civil service personnel s during the personnel procedures of competitions for filling a vacant position, attestation, qualification exam, formation of a personnel reserve

General and special criteria for acmeological expert evaluation of innovative projects in the public service have been identified

4 The acmeological model of acmeological examination in the professional activities of civil servants includes an adequate choice of the type of examination, the correct functional correspondence of the examination to its object, the choice of the target orientation of the examination, the development of the professionalism of experts through the improvement of their personal and professional qualities and special competence (qualimetric), the choice of adequate criteria and indicators of expert assessment According to the function performed, acmeological examinations are divided into monofunctional and polyfunctional, which as a result represent the target orientation of acmeological examination and, in turn, are divided into control, evaluation, diagnostic, predictive, conflict

5 The ways of increasing the productivity of acmeological expertise are shown, including the procedures necessary for the study and evaluation of all components of public administration in order to obtain a professional opinion on the possibility and forecast of effective

organization of the professional activities of a civil servant This type of acmeological examination provides for an acmeological assessment carried out in staffing, during which the professional activities of a civil servant, his self-development, self-organization of professional and creative activities are assessed and is carried out as part of the certification procedures and qualification exam activity of a civil servant is formed on the basis of professiographic expert research, the result of which is an indicative professiogram of a civil servant and a system of professional competencies

b Identified ways to optimize the process of improving acmeological expertise in the organization and implementation of innovative projects and practices in the professional activities of civil servants, which consist in the manifestation and support of initiatives, precedents and best practices in the development of public administration, public presentation and expertise at various types and levels of events (competitions , reviews held at the international, all-Russian and regional levels) In organizational and legal terms, such competitions should be held by various funds and associations under the auspices of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation or the Ministries in charge of the implementation of administrative reform in the public service

It is evidently presented that innovative activity in the system of the state civil service, presented in the form of socio-economic, managerial, administrative and

economic initiatives, requires prolonged acmeological expertise, carried out at all stages of the formation and development of innovations and scientific advisors

The practical significance of the study. The acmeological complex-targeted program for improving acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants can be used for students and listeners in the system of higher professional education, with additional training and retraining of civil service personnel, in the process of studying in higher educational institutions, in the course of adaptation of young professionals, individual counseling

The battery of methods used in the study for conducting acmeological expert work can be used in personnel and innovative work with civil servants

Approbation and implementation of the research results The main provisions and results of the dissertation research were discussed at meetings of the problem group and the Department of Acmeology and Psychology of Professional Activities of the Russian Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation

The obtained data were tested by the author during practical classes on the course "Psychology of professional activity" Various aspects of the thesis, experimental data, conclusions were reported by the author at "round tables" and scientific conferences International Scientific Conference "Acmeology Personality and Professional Development" (Samara, December 1 - 2 2005), scientific and practical conference "Acmeological foundations for the development of the creative potential of students" (Moscow, March 30, 2006), scientific and practical conference "Ensuring the quality of personnel potential of the problem and solutions" (Moscow, April 11, 2007), in publications

The results of the study were used in the practice of psychological and professional counseling of civil service personnel and in pedagogical activities

1 Acmeological expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant (both in the course of acmeological monitoring and acmeological assessment in personnel work, and in the course of implementing innovative projects) is the collection or receipt of information, its research, study, analysis, understanding, interpretation, judgment, conclusions Based on the results of an acmeological expert study, a conclusion is drawn up - a written document that fixes the grounds and conditions for the examination, the issues raised for resolution and objects of examination, describes the process of expert study and the factual data established by the expert. In many acmeological expert opinions, the final document is one of the types of normative -legal act An important role in the acmeological expert opinion is played by the interpretation of the results of the examination, which provides for the development by the expert of his attitude to the perceived object, subject

Acmeological expertise, along with other methods, allows you to implement the following functions: diagnostic, evaluative, reflective, feedback, stimulating, prognostic, developing, preventive, autopsychological. the process of self-development, the readiness to realize one's potential through independently set goals and objectives in practical activities

2 In the course of acmeological expertise, competence as the degree of qualification of an expert in a certain field of knowledge is determined on the basis of the fruitfulness of his activity, the level and breadth of acquaintance with the achievements of world science, understanding of modern problems and development prospects Qualimetric competence provides a clear understanding of expert assessment methods, the ability to use various types of rating scales, while distinguishing a fairly large number of their gradations

An expert on innovative activities in public administration is a specialist with professional and qualimetric competence (the necessary knowledge and experience in the field of public administration, able to analyze newly received information, able to assess the object of expertise within his competence, taking into account the main directions of development of the public service, owning technologies used in the examination, able to assess the possibility of their application in a particular situation and give appropriate recommendations and conclusions, as well as being responsible for the conclusions and recommendations made by him), who knows the scientific schools or main scientific theories within which the approach is carried out and owns the techniques and technologies carrying out an examination and endowed (possessing) with specific qualities of intuition, intellect, heuristic, reductive, humanitarian outlook

3 Acmeological expertise in the public service system performs the following functions humanistic, social, prognostic, corrective, motivational, research, evaluation, normative, developing, as well as consulting and training-supporting Expertise is considered as a process, procedure, method, method and result of evaluating objects, objects, procedures, activities, results In the normative acmeological examination, both a combination and separately set following goals can be used - control, evaluation, diagnostic; understanding acmeological expertise - predictive and consulting-supporting The general criteria for evaluating an innovative project include indicators of novelty (innovation) of the project idea, scale, consistency and effectiveness of the innovative project, trans feasibility of the project idea Special criteria include the completeness of the structure of the innovation project, the degree of elaboration of the structural elements of the project, the consistency of the structural parts of the project. Particular criteria include the realism of the innovation project, the feasibility of the innovation project, the instrumentality (controllability) of the project

4 Acmeological examination models reveal conceptual approaches to the implementation of the goals of the professional activities of civil servants, and allow for examination at the level of idea development - "understanding" acmeological examination, at the level of modification and reconstruction of existing practice - "qualifying" (interpreting) acmeological examination, at the level of innovation transformation - normative acmeological expertise allows to consider issues of traditionalization, innovation, etc. The task of predictive acmeological expertise is to go beyond the known, to step over the boundaries of the existing knowledge system. activities, in modern social, economic, environmental expertise and a number of others. The basis of this type of acmeological expertise is legislative acts, norms, regulations, standards and rules Elements of diagnostic examinations (diagnosis of determining conditions proper) takes place in all types of expert activities, but most often they are used in personnel work when assessing the professionalism of civil service personnel

5 The basis of acmeological expertise in personnel work is the development of a system of criteria and indicators for expert evaluation of the effectiveness of professional activities in the public service systematic monitoring of the activities of both organizational units and individual employees is carried out, data is collected on the effectiveness of administrative processes, which creates the possibility of integrated planning and regulation of administrative processes

Objectivity of acmeological expert assessment

The professional competence of a civil servant during the attestation and qualification exam increases with professional testing and direct observation of applicants by experts, their behavior, reaction, building communications in the course of real and specially designed situations In the course of acmeological examination, as a rule, the assessment of personal and professional characteristics of participants, their fixation and avoidance of subjectivism

6 Acmeological examination of innovative activities in the public service is a study aimed at identifying the level of its innovative development and resulting in a description of the ways to implement this activity in terms of maintaining uniqueness and specificity, as well as proposals for adjusting these methods in the direction of developing practice

of public administration The object of acmeological examination of innovative projects in the professional activities of civil servants can be professional achievements of government bodies (federal, regional, municipal), professional achievements of civil servants of various job categories, management initiatives aimed at solving individual innovative tasks at the level of the industry, region, municipal education, on the process of implementing these initiatives, as well as on the social results of the implementation of administrative and managerial initiatives

The experience of holding professional competitions in various professional groups (primarily in the field of education and healthcare) shows that the greatest freedom in submitting an application and, as a result, greater freedom and variety of innovative directions, models, projects, are competitions that offer a wide alternative field and less rigidity in the choice of direction, method of presenting the result, etc. The object of expertise in them can be strategies, initiatives, the standards in which it is impossible to set rigidly without losing novelty, initiative, originality, creativity

The structure of the dissertation is determined by the objectives and logic of the study and consists of an introduction, two chapters, conclusions by chapters, conclusion, list of sources and literature used, applications.

P. MAIN CONTENT OF THE WORK

In the genesis of the study of the problem of the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant, several areas of research have been identified. responsibility), b) the object of expertise, which is the professional and innovative activities of a civil servant or characteristics that describe or confirm the activity itself or its results, the subject of expertise, which are facts and circumstances a certain kind examined using special knowledge and skills, c) means and forms determined on the basis of the goals and objectives of the examination, d) examination criteria determined by the nature of the objects subject to expert assessment, the presence or absence of developed standards, measures, standards, products of examination in the form expert opinions, e) scientific grounds for expert assessment, in which the invariant component is theoretical and

general methodological basis of expertise, and the variable component includes the typology of expertise, conceptual approaches to the expertise of innovative activities, requirements for the organization and procedure of expertise and technology for its implementation

In personnel work in the public service, the acmeological assessment of personnel makes it possible to identify gaps in the competencies of each employee and provide for measures to eliminate them, identify their weak and strong professional qualities, thereby carefully prepare individual plans professional development and effectively plan a career Various approaches to assessment are distinguished, within which various types of assessments are distinguished, expert and instrumental, targeted, planned and current (operational) Three groups of methods of expert assessments (qualitative, quantitative and combined), types of assessments and stages of the organization at which the assessment is carried out (preliminary assessment, assessment in the course of activity (current), final assessment)

An important direction in the development of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant is the expertise of innovative projects within the framework of ongoing reforms and national projects. Theoretical expertise (as well as theoretical research) is aimed at a comprehensive knowledge of objective reality (for example, innovation in the civil service) in its existing relationships and patterns and is associated with the improvement and development of the conceptual apparatus. Examination of innovative practical activity (empirical research) requires understanding of reality, revealing new observational data on innovative activity, stimulating the development of theoretical research, setting new tasks for them, and as a result, the development of theoretical foundations, allowing to explain practical (factual) data The following types of expertise in the innovative activity of a civil servant are distinguished: innovations in the civil service (changes and reforms in the civil service, national projects, etc.), innovations implemented in the field of logistics innovations in the civil service, expertise which includes an assessment of the technical, technological, ergonomic and social components, equipment and requires the involvement of specialists from other fields of activity, innovations carried out in management technologies, which are the main object of expertise

The survey of specialists in the field of management made it possible to determine who can be an expert in management - a person who knows the problems in management well and sees development prospects, who knows how to think, calculate all his steps, reducing risks to a minimum,

independent specialists with a high level of education and culture, a professional in the field of public administration, a specialist, a person of innovative thinking, an expert can be a person who is competent in theoretical issues and has practical experience, a person who knows the subject of expertise, existing standards and norms in that area, which is subject to examination, methods of conducting examination, various specialists with knowledge in this field, experience in expert activities, practical experience in this field, highly educated subjects in this field with practical experience in public institutions, competent in the subject of examination

The survey made it possible to determine the range of qualities that, according to the respondents, an expert in innovation in management should have high competence, benevolence, authority, analytical skills, he should be a competent person in his subject, field of knowledge, should have a fairly broad outlook, should go in step with the times, a high professional who is able to take the position of another, distance himself from his experience, openness, possess competence in the field of the subject of examination, objectivity and independence, professionalism, goodwill, objectivity, competence, responsibility, decency, honesty, responsibility, rationalism, sociability, critical thinking, high intelligence, theoretical training, the ability to think logically, objectivity, competence, flexibility, tolerance, sociability, creativity, objectivity, have analytical skills, design thinking, efficiency, interest

In the examination of innovative activity in the public service, two ways of thinking of experts compete with each other - critical and creative. tasting and understanding expertise is dominated by creative thinking, which is associated with design skills, with the generalization of information in the form of several structures, and even with the discovery of original ideas, models, methods, etc. the state of the object under study) and both critical and creative thinking, without which it is impossible to objectively evaluate the results of innovative activity

For acmeological expertise carried out in socio-economic systems, which includes public administration, not only professional and

qualimetric competence, but also the human, moral wisdom of experts The development of complex decisions in a situation of uncertainty when assessing innovative activities in the public service requires an expert erudition in many areas of knowledge. materially dangerous innovations and support creative, progressive innovations

There are several groups of methods used in qualimetry, with the help of which the quality of the expert's work is assessed: heuristic, statistical, test, documentary (rating) assessments, combined assessments, based on self-assessment, based on the results of past expert activities, based on the definition of competence, based on the assessment group of each specialist candidate

The specificity and diversity of exported innovative activities in the public service makes it difficult to create unified (universal) rules and models for conducting an examination. Therefore, in the process of getting acquainted with the procedure for conducting an examination, it is advisable to carry out additional training for selected experts

When developing an acmeological model for the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants, it was taken into account that, depending on the level of organization, expertise is divided into interstate, state, public, departmental, and in accordance with the level of elaboration, they are divided into primary and secondary (Figure 1) The latter are carried out when, when shortcomings are indicated in the primary examination that require revision and submission for re-examination, or are repeated at the request of the customer in the form of an invariant or variable component or a combination of them. These components include the theoretical and methodological base, theories and conceptual approaches of exporting, the typology of economic expertise of innovative activity, requirements for experts, procedure for organization of expertise, form of expertise, results of expertise

Competent technological execution will increase the efficiency of expert procedures if they are carried out by trained specialists who know the characteristics of scientific schools, and

the line of irremovability of the expert will be strictly adhered to throughout the entire export process chain

Considering that the professional implementation of technology depends on specialists and their level of professionalism, the competent selection of expert groups, as well as on the preliminary acquaintance of experts with the organization and procedure for conducting an examination, the most common violations are to involve various groups of experts to evaluate innovative projects at different stages of implementation. assessment (or change, transfer of experts from one nomination to another), thereby violating the objectivity of the comprehensive assessment presented for processing and determining the place (rank) of the materials under consideration. expertise, leads to errors in understanding the goals and objectives and, as a result, biased expert assessments

An analysis of foreign experience in expert evaluation of the professional activities of a civil servant showed that performance evaluations in the public sector can be grouped as follows: 1) where the role of the individual dominates in solving professional problems (for example, in law enforcement agencies, border service, law enforcement agencies, the army), rather, assessments of a personal profile are characteristic, 2) a system of assessments of a behavioral plan, assessments based on the analysis of any segment of the performance results, assessments based on the analysis of official duties, where the results of such an analysis and the true result of the activity are compared (public civil service)

The productivity of acmeological expertise in personnel work is also expressed in its value from the position of a manager. A top-level manager extracts extremely important information from her documents - which departments of his organization are well staffed with capable employees, which ones are not.

Moreover, with a proper certification system, such a system for assessing the qualifications of employees is carried out quickly, within 2-3 days, given in the context of each unit, for each group of employees

To assess the productivity of acmeological expertise in personnel work, in our study, we conducted comparative analysis qualification requirements for professional knowledge and skills necessary for the performance official duties federal state civil servants, which will later be used by experts as a benchmark for evaluation Generalization of the qualification requirements of seven ministries (Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation, Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation,

Rice Acmeological model of expertise in the professional activity of a civil servant

Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation) in terms of "knowledge, skills and qualities" made it possible to identify both general and specific areas of "knowledge, skills and qualities" for four categories of federal civil servants, which served as the basis for the development of new methodological tools for the expert assessment of the professional competence of civil servants - professional knowledge tests, including questions reflecting the basic competencies of civil servants

As expert measurements have shown, the level of competence in two basic areas of professional activity of civil servants - the basics of civil service and information technology competence - is average and below average

Variability depending on gender and age is low. This result of the expert assessment allows us to conclude that the level of professionalism of civil servants is insufficient, they do not have the necessary amount of basic knowledge, skills and abilities (Table 1.2)

Table 1

Competence coefficient of professional knowledge of civil servants in the course of expert assessment (distribution by __sex, N- 125 people)_

Gender Coefficient of competence in the test of basic knowledge in the civil service Coefficient of competence in the test of information technology competence

women 0.395 0.531

husband 0.381 0.543

total 0.39 0.54

table 2

The coefficient of competence of professional basic knowledge of civil servants in the field of public service in the course of an expert assessment (age distribution, No. 125 people)

Age Under 30 31^10 41-50 Over 50

Competence coefficient 0.441 0.372 0.398 0.375

Based on the selected groups of basic and special competencies, a professional survey was conducted of managers and specialists of the Ministry of Health (10 people) and the Ministry of Humanitarian and Social Development (Department of Information and Analytical Technologies - 16 people) of the Samara Region in order to determine the functional content of basic and special competencies, the significance (priority) of each competence for groups of positions (managers and specialists) and the profile of the civil service

Expert assessment of the content of professional competencies of the heads of the Ministry of Health of the regional Administration (based on the 2006 study)

Table 3

Ba L.G1 Competence Tasks, functions, qualities

6,5 strategic thinking Assessment and forecasting of the development of the industry Development of the concept of service development

6.3 Strategic planning Development of plans for the implementation of concepts

6.9 Operational planning specific tasks with the appointment of those responsible for the implementation

6.4 Management training Knowledge of legislation, basics of management Work experience

6.4 Information-analytical Analysis and state of the industry Summarizing the results and bringing them to higher authorities

6.1 Planning Planning for the implementation of projects, the work of subordinate institutions in accordance with the schedule

4.8 Regulatory and regulatory Organization of the work of subordinate units, with control over the activities of subordinates through the development of regulations

6.5 Organizational and Executive Organization effective work in management and subordinate institutions

6.6 Ability to work with documents Knowledge of the regulatory framework Ability to draw up regulations Document control

6.4 Coordinating Coordination of the work of employees Organization of interdepartmental interaction

4.8 Controlling and accounting Control over the timing and quality of the performance of the functions of subordinates Control over the implementation of regulations

3.6 Innovation research Studying the experience of colleagues Development and implementation of new technologies

3.8 Expert-consulting Evaluation of the quality of work of the department Development of recommendations

3.6 Representation of the interests of the ministry in the authorities Work with subordinate institutions

4.9 Special knowledge Knowledge of medical specialties, psychology, legislation, economics, management fundamentals

4.6 Ability to organize and conduct meetings Formation of the purpose and objectives of the meeting Notifying participants Conducting skills Ability to draw conclusions

4.9 Communication Communication skills

4.8 Self-competence Self-assessment

0.0 Other types of competence Knowledge of industry resources, erudition, tolerance

The structure of the interview consists of three mandatory questions for each type of competence to identify professional tasks within this type of competence, highlight professionally important qualities that ensure the solution of these tasks, identify typical mistakes and difficulties in solving these tasks

The survey also involves a discussion with an expert of all related issues aimed at the final result - compiling a complete list of professional tasks and professionally important qualities for each category of civil servants.

The ratio of the rating of the competent gene by fem groups ] of convict officials shows (diagram 1); and average ratings of competencies of all categories of civil servants differ to an insignificant extent, which shows the presence of a single professional thinking; ratings of competencies of echaimosvashty with the statutes of states with a different employee and the specifics of the profile of the civil service: the higher the status of the head (comparison of heads of departments and heads of departments, the more important are the main types of komiegesh noets; for iracy."

For employees of the Department of Information and Analytical Technologies, control and accounting, innovation and research, expert and consulting, representative types of competencies are more significant; special knowledge, communication

An important tool for the further development of innovations is the system of development of acmeological expert assessment. Taking into account the experience of applying expert assessment of innovative projects in education in the public service, the procedure for the examination of innovative initiatives with the assignment of the status of a federal experimental site should consist of three stages: examination of the application, examination of the project, examination of the model. expertise at the first stage can be innovative projects for the implementation of federal and regional programs, author's systems of professional activity, innovative organizational management systems At the second stage - the described results of implemented initiatives, activities, products of activity on the basis of a specific government authority)

To assess the degree of consistency of expert assessments when determining the comparative preference of alternative options, the method is most often used rank correlations The result of the activities of the expert groups within the this approach is presented, as a rule, in the form of compiled scales of various types (scale of names, ordinal scale, scale of intervals, ranking, pairwise comparison, classifications, etc.) and their interpretation This approach is used in the organization of normative examination and is also an integral part of most examinations conducted both in the field of education and in other areas. Its advantage lies in the fact that the result is always confirmed by statistical data, on on the basis of which one or another decision with a weighty justification is made

When conducting an acmeological examination based on a situational analysis, technologies for preparing, making and implementing decisions in a single innovative situation or practice were used. The task of the experts was to assess the personal, professional, leadership qualities of the contestants in situations that were actually and artificially created for this purpose

The "situational" conceptual approach, which consists in applying various specific tested scenarios, linking expert procedures to a specific situation (thematic round tables, case studies, briefings), is associated with the identification of the most important factors(variables) influencing innovation activity, assessing the possible consequences of their changes, determining the consequences

decisions made using situational analysis technologies, issuance of an expert opinion for decision making

As practice has shown, this approach can be applied both for normative control and for qualifying examination. Using this approach, with a limited time resource, the experts, with a limited time resource, most fully, clearly and objectively consider and evaluate the characteristics of a modern civil servant who is ready to implement changes, develop, and have a good both theoretical and practical training, professionalism, reasonably combining tradition with innovation in their professional activities

The presented approach to the organization of acmeological expertise, taking into account the specifics of innovative activity, makes it possible to implement a reasonable flexible procedure and achieve the goals, while identifying transformed and unchanging management values ​​and traditions.

The study confirmed the initial hypothesis, the correctness of setting the research objectives, the provisions submitted for defense, and made it possible to formulate the following scientific and practical recommendations. within the framework of additional professional education for the training of experts, the use of adequate expert procedures in various areas of public service, ensuring a high level of development of professional tasks

Prospects for further research in this direction involve an interdisciplinary approach to all the developed provisions and the results obtained, the development and testing of tools to optimize the development of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants

2 The productivity of acmeological expertise during the certification of the professional activities of civil servants - M, 2007 - 1 p l

3 Acmeological principles, criteria, indicators and methods for conducting an examination in the professional activities of civil servants - M, 2007 - 1 p l

4 Productivity of acmeological expertise in the organization and implementation of innovative projects and practices in the professional activities of civil servants - M, 2007 - 0.8 p l

5 Acmeological expertise during the certification of professional activities of civil servants // Abstracts of the international scientific conference "Acmeology personal and professional development of a person" - M, 2007 - 0.4 p l

dissertations for the degree of candidate of psychological sciences

Korotaeva Marika Valerievna

The productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants

Supervisor Doctor of Psychology Lyudmila Anatolyevna Stepnova

Production of the original layout Korotaeva Marika Valerievna

Signed for publication on May 15, 2007 FORMAT 60X84 1/16 Offset paper Print size 1.3 Circulation 100 copies Order 199

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Dissertation content author of the scientific article: candidate of psychological sciences, Korotaeva, Marika Valerievna, 2007

Introduction

Chapter 1. Theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants

1.1. State of the Research Problem

1.2. Acmeological characteristics of the professional activity of an expert in the professional activity of civil servants

1.3. Acmeological principles, criteria, indicators and methods for conducting an examination in the professional activities of civil servants

Conclusions on the first chapter

Chapter 2. Optimization of the process of improving acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants

2.1. Acmeological model of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants

2.2. The productivity of acmeological expertise in the course of attestation of the professional activities of civil servants

2.3. The productivity of acmeological expertise in the organization and implementation of innovative projects and practices in the professional activities of civil servants

Conclusions on the second chapter Conclusion

Dissertation Introduction in psychology, on the topic "Productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants"

The relevance of the research problem is due to the need for a high professional level and quality of acmeological expertise in personnel work and the development of innovations in the civil service. The directions of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant are: acmeological assessment, diagnostics, monitoring of the professionalism of the activities of managers and specialists of the civil service, in which their development, training, qualification transfer is carried out in accordance with the results of their activities; effectiveness of administrative management innovations. Acmeological expertise in the professional activity of a civil servant is an assessment of the level of professional knowledge, skills and abilities of a civil servant, as well as his potential and ability to self-improve in the professional field.

Thoughtful innovative activity in the civil service is described and presented in the form of innovative projects and programs, which, for official implementation into practice, must be subject to qualified expert assessment as a way of their "rationing", recognition, institutionalization. The function of acmeological expertise in the implementation of innovative administrative projects is to show and support initiatives, phenomena and precedents for the development of public administration practices that arise outside the "boundaries" of the established, established management system, to seek their official recognition and support in the form of presentation and expertise at various types and levels of events having a legal basis, which include competitions, reviews held at the international, all-Russian and regional levels.

In the current practice of public service management, there are contradictions between:

The urgent need to conduct various kinds of examinations in the personnel and innovative work of the public service and the lack of traditions and systems in its implementation;

The need for qualified experts to carry out examinations in the public service and the lack of programs for their professional training and advanced training, as well as the insufficient acmeological culture of managers and specialists of the public service in the field of expert work.

All these aspects, which are in demand by modern management activities in the public service system, with particular acuteness reveal the relevance of conducting acmeologically oriented studies of the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant.

The state of scientific development of the research problem

The classification (typology) of examinations was developed by V.A. Lisichkin, V.L. Gorelov, G. Theil, N.F. Glazovsky, E.A. Pozachenyuk, Yu.M. Fedorov, V.I. Bakshtanovsky, S.L. Bratchenko, T.S. Karachentseva, Yu.V. Sogomonov. N.F. Talyzina and V.S. Cherepanov consider pedagogical expertise as a part of pedagogical qualimetry, which deals with the issues of examination of educational and methodological literature, structuring and planning of educational material, building professiograms, assessing the student's personality and a number of other issues related to learning technology; T.G. Novikova examines the theoretical foundations of the examination of innovative activities in education.

S.D. Beshelev, F.G. Gurvich, Z.A. Malkova, A.I. Orlov, G.V. Raushenbakh, Yu.N. Tyurin, B.G. Litvak, G.A. Satarov, B.C. Cherepanov, D.S. Shmerling and others. In these works, the role and importance of expert evaluation in solving various kinds of problems in an organization was shown, the concept of expertise and expert evaluation was worked out, procedures for optimizing the selection of experts, mathematical processing of data obtained in the process of expert evaluation were developed, the role of selection of experts in organization of the expert evaluation procedure.

Expert and evaluation activities in the personnel management system were considered in the studies of H.A. Alekseeva, O.S. Vikhansky, A.I. Naumova, S.G. Gaidarzhi, A.I. Gorbachev, JI.A. Kalinichenko, A.I. Turchynov and others). Expert assessments as a means of validating diagnostic methods in psychodiagnostics and social psychology were studied by A.S. Gorbatenko, B.P. Zhiznevsky,

A.JL Zhuravlev, Ya.L. Kolominsky, A.A. Rusalinova,

B.C. Saporovsky and others.

In line with psychological and acmeological science, this problem was partially considered in the study of the problems of improving the professionalism of specialists in the field of human resource management, psychological support for personnel work procedures, acmeological assessment, diagnostics and monitoring (E.A. Aksenova, T.Yu. Bazarov, A.V. Zharinov, A.J1 Zhuravlev, V.S. Skvortsov, K.M. Ushakov, A.V. Filippov, V.M. Shepel, etc.), as well as within the framework of managerial acmeology (O.S. Anisimov, S.A. Anisimov, I.V. Bukhtiyarova, A. A. Derkach, V. G. Zazykin, N. I. Konyukhov, E. P. Kondratieva, G. I. Marasanov, V. N. Markov, V. N. Markin, A. N. Morozov, A. S. Ognev, Yu.V. Sinyagin, S.A. Smirnov), individual psychological characteristics of experts were studied in the works of T.G. Novikova, P.P. Enakaeva and others.

The productivity of acmeological expertise in personnel work and the implementation of administrative innovations in the civil service has not been systematically studied and requires further development in connection with its practical application both in order to improve the professionalism of all official categories of civil servants and to increase the innovative potential of the civil service as a whole. Thus, the relevance of the research problem, its insufficient development, theoretical and practical significance determined the choice of topic, made it possible to formulate the goal, object, subject, hypotheses and research objectives.

The purpose of the study is to determine the acmeological determinants of the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants.

The object of the study is acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants.

The subject of the study is ways to increase the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants.

Research hypotheses

Innovativeness, efficiency, effectiveness of the professional activities of a civil servant depend on the productivity of acmeological expertise in professional activities, which is considered as a process, procedure, method, method and result of evaluating objects, subjects, procedures, results of professional and innovative activities in public administration.

The development of the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants involves: the development of an acmeological model; determination of the principles, forms and methods of conducting acmeological expertise in the civil service when assessing the professionalism of civil service personnel and the effectiveness of innovative administrative management projects that ensure its development, as well as the development of acmeological technologies and a system of organizational and acmeological support for acmeological expertise in the course of its implementation.

Based on the goal, taking into account the characteristics of the object and subject, within the framework of the put forward hypotheses, the research tasks are defined:

1. Summarize the state of development of the problem under study.

2. To identify the acmeological characteristics of the expert's activities during the examination in the professional activities of civil servants.

3. Determine the acmeological principles and methods for conducting an examination in the professional activities of civil servants.

4. Develop an acmeological model of expertise in the professional activities of civil servants.

5. Determine ways to improve and increase the productivity of acmeological expertise in the course of attestation procedures, organization and implementation of innovative projects and practices in the professional activities of civil servants.

The theoretical basis of the study is a systematic approach, principles of development, social determinism of mental processes, cognition, as well as psychological studies of personality (K.A. Abulkhanova, B.G. Ananiev, A.G. Asmolov, A.A. Bodalev, L.I. Bozhovich, L.S. Vygotsky, V.S. Merlin, V.N. Myasishchev, K.K. P. Zinchenko, A.N. V. Kuzmina, V. G. Mikhailovsky, A. Yu. Panasyuk, E. V. Selezneva, I. N. Semenov, Yu. .A.Anisimov,

T.Yu.Bazarov, V.M.Gerasimov, A.S.Guseva, Yu.N.Emelyanov, E.S.Zharikov,

A.L.Zhuravlev, E.A.Klimov, A.G.Kovalev, R.L.Krichevsky, E.S.Kuzmin, L.G.Laptev, A.L.Sventsitsky, A.V.Filippov, R. H. Shakurov, V. M. Shepel, etc.); research on innovation and innovation activities (K. Angelovski, H. Barnet, J. Basset, V.I. Zagvyazinsky, S.D. Ilyenkov, A.I. Prigozhin, I. Schumpeter, etc.). A common understanding of the essence of the expert method and expertise is reflected in the works of O.S. Anisimov, N.E. Arkhangelsky, V.P. Bespalko, G.V. Vorobyov, A.A. Derkach,

V.I.Zhuravlenva, V.V.Kraevsky, T.G.Novikova, T.V.Sidorina, V.S.Cherepanov and others.

Empirical base of research. In total, 341 people took part in the study - civil servants acting as experts (2004 - 2007), including: in an empirical study - 315 civil servants studying at the Russian Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, in a pilot study - 26 civil servants Administration of the Samara region.

The reliability and reliability of the research results is determined by the validity of the initial theoretical and methodological provisions, provided by their theoretical and methodological basis, complexity, the use of proven methodological and mathematical tools adequate to the nature of the phenomenon under study, a representative sample, the statistical significance of the data obtained, which ensured the validity and reliability of the obtained data. in research results.

The main scientific results obtained personally by the applicant and their scientific novelty

1. Theoretical approaches to the problems of expertise are generalized, this concept is considered as: obligatory obtaining of information, its research (analysis), evaluation, development of proposals and possible ways in the direction of development in the form of a conclusion, if an expert (involved specialist) has special knowledge. It is shown that acmeological expertise in the professional activity of a civil servant is an interdisciplinary multifunctional diagnostic method for studying personnel and innovative phenomena and processes in terms of discovering the potential for acmeological development in them. At the same time, the innovative activity of subject-object relations is the involvement of the participants in these forecasts (professional, educational) in the activity of creating, mastering and using innovations in practice, involving a strategy of local, modular, systemic changes, creating an innovative acmeological environment in professional work. To implement this acmeological strategy, acmeological complex-targeted programs are created as special means, which have a combination of such properties as relevance, predictability, rationality, controllability, covering all areas of innovative activity. It was revealed that acmeological expertise in the professional activity of a civil servant as an implementation tool includes acmeological technologies for diagnosing, evaluating, monitoring, correcting and developing the professionalism of civil service personnel and the effectiveness of innovative administrative projects.

2. The essential-substantive characteristic of the expert's professional activity during the acmeological examination in the professional activity of a civil servant is given. It is shown that an expert is a specialist who has the necessary knowledge, skills and experience in the field of his professional activity, which is included in the decision-making process, and expert activity is a specific type of research activity (theoretical, technological readiness, experience of the subject's creative readiness for research activities). Based on the analysis of the tasks performed by an expert in the course of normative, qualifying, understanding examinations, it was concluded that for the qualitative performance of the above functions (diagnostic, research, evaluation, control, predictive, formative, design, support), the expert must \ be a competent specialist both in the field of the object of quality assessment (professional competence) and in the field of assessment methodology (qualimetric competence).

It has been established that the increase in the productivity of expert assessments when conducting acmeological expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant is due to the selection of experts based on their individual psychological and personal-professional characteristics (professional-acmeological thinking, the ability to formulate professional ideas and concepts, a high level of professional skill) ; professional courage, determination, the ability to discuss, the fight against stencils and stamps; developed professional flair based on the social-perceptual and communicative competence of the subject of professional activity, critical analysis and reasonable use of advanced professional experience, the need for professional self-education, self-development, self-correction, the application of scientific developments in their activities; preparing experts for evaluation activities by conducting training work aimed at improving their communicative, social-perceptual and autopsychological competence; improvement of the procedure for evaluation activities, allowing to reduce the level of subjectivity (increase objectivity) of the work of experts; organization of individual work with managers based on the analysis of the results of their work as experts.

3. Acmeological principles and methods of conducting an examination in the professional activity of a civil servant have been identified. The following basic principles have been singled out when conducting expert evaluation: environmental friendliness; dialogue and cooperation; constructiveness; creativity and flexibility; diversity and pluralism; privacy; personal responsibility. The goals of the acmeological examination of innovative activities in the public service are: control or statement of a certain innovative fact, action, result; diagnostics or research of innovative activity or results of this activity; evaluation of innovative processes and products of innovative activity; forecast of the development of both the innovation activity itself and its impact on other processes in public administration; support or "growing" innovation to the possibility of its application in real management practice. The objectives of the expertise in personnel work are: acmeological assessment of civil service personnel in the course of personnel procedures: competitions for filling a vacant position, attestation, qualification exam, formation of a personnel reserve.

General and special criteria for acmeological expert evaluation of innovative projects in the public service have been identified.

4. The acmeological model of acmeological examination in the professional activities of civil servants includes: an adequate choice of the type of examination, the correct functional correspondence of the examination to its object, the choice of the target orientation of the examination, the development of the professionalism of experts through the improvement of their personal and professional qualities and special competence (qualimetric) , selection of adequate criteria and indicators of expert evaluation. According to the function performed, acmeological examinations are divided into monofunctional and polyfunctional, which as a result represent the target orientation of acmeological examination and, in turn, are divided into: control, evaluation, diagnostic, predictive, conflict.

5. The ways of increasing the productivity of acmeological expertise are shown, including the procedures necessary for the study and evaluation of all components of public administration in order to obtain a professional opinion on the possibility and forecast of the effective organization of the professional activity of a civil servant. This type of acmeological examination provides for an acmeological assessment carried out in staffing, during which the professional activities of a civil servant, his self-development, self-organization of professional and creative activities are assessed and is carried out as part of the certification procedures and the qualification exam. The criteria-evaluative base in the professional activity of a civil servant is formed on the basis of professiographic expert research, the result of which is an indicative professiogram of a civil servant and a system of professional competencies.

6. Ways to optimize the process of improving acmeological expertise in the organization and implementation of innovative projects and practices in the professional activities of civil servants have been identified, which consist in the manifestation and support of initiatives, precedents and best practices in the development of public administration, public presentation and expertise at various types and levels of events ( competitions, reviews held at the international, all-Russian and regional levels). In organizational and legal terms, such competitions should be held by various foundations and associations under the auspices of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation or the Ministries in charge of the implementation of administrative reform in the civil service.

It is proved that innovative activity in the system of the civil service, presented in the form of socio-economic, managerial, administrative and economic initiatives, requires a prolonged acmeological examination, carried out at all stages of the formation and development of innovations. During the acmeological examination of management initiatives, it is necessary to perform consulting and accompanying functions, while the consulting function can be performed by both experts and invited specialists, the accompanying function remains the responsibility of the organizers and scientific consultants.

The practical significance of the study. The acmeological complex-targeted program for improving acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants can be used for students and listeners in the system of higher professional education, with additional training and retraining of civil service personnel, in the process of studying in higher educational institutions, in the course of adaptation of young professionals, individual counseling.

The battery of methods used in the study for conducting acmeological expert work can be used in personnel and innovative work with civil servants.

Testing and implementation of research results. The main provisions and results of the dissertation research were discussed at meetings of the problem group and the department of acmeology and psychology of professional activity of the Russian Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation.

The obtained data were tested by the author during practical classes on the course "Psychology of professional activity". Various aspects of the dissertation, experimental data, conclusions were reported by the author at round tables and scientific conferences: International scientific conference "Acmeology: development of personality and professional" (Samara, December 1 - 2, 2005); scientific and practical conference "Acmeological foundations for the development of the creative potential of students" (Moscow, March 30, 2006), scientific and practical conference "Ensuring the quality of human resources: problems and solutions" (Moscow, April 11, 2007), in publications.

The results of the study were used in the practice of psychological and professional counseling of civil service personnel and in pedagogical activities.

Provisions for defense

1. Acmeological expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant (both in the course of acmeological monitoring and acmeological assessment in personnel work, and in the course of implementing innovative projects) is the collection or receipt of information, its study, study, analysis, understanding, interpretation, judgment , conclusions. Based on the results of the acmeological expert study, a conclusion is drawn up - a written document that fixes the grounds and conditions for the examination, the issues raised for resolution and the objects of the examination, describes the process of the expert study and the factual data established by the expert. In many acmeological expert opinions, the final document is one of the types of legal act. An important role in the acmeological expert opinion is played by the interpretation of the results of the examination, which provides for the development by the expert of his attitude to the perceived object, subject.

Acmeological expertise, along with other methods, allows you to implement the following functions: diagnostic, evaluative, reflective, feedback, stimulating, prognostic, developing, preventive, autopsychological. The developmental effect of expertise in the course of acmeological monitoring is a high level of development of the subjectivity of civil service personnel, which reflects the ability to control the process of self-development, the willingness to realize one's potential through independently set goals and objectives in practical activities.

2. During the implementation of acmeological expertise, competence as the degree of qualification of an expert in a certain field of knowledge is determined on the basis of the fruitfulness of his activity, the level and breadth of acquaintance with the achievements of world science, understanding of modern problems and development prospects. Qualimetric competence provides a clear understanding by a specialist of expert assessment methods, the ability to use various types of assessment scales, while distinguishing a fairly large number of their gradations.

An expert on innovative activities in public administration is a specialist with professional and qualimetric competence (the necessary knowledge and experience in the field of public administration, able to analyze newly received information, able to assess the object of expertise within his competence, taking into account the main directions of development of the public service who owns the technologies used in the examination, is able to assess the possibility of their application in a particular situation and give appropriate recommendations and conclusions, as well as being responsible for the conclusions and recommendations made by him), who knows the scientific schools or main scientific theories within which the approach is carried out and owns the techniques and technologies for conducting an examination and endowed (possessing) with specific qualities: intuition, intellect, heuristic, iredicatory, humanitarian outlook.

3. Acmeological expertise in the public service system performs the following functions: humanistic, social, prognostic, corrective, motivational, research, evaluation, normative, developing, as well as consulting and teaching and support. Expertise is considered as a process, procedure, method, method and result of evaluating objects, subjects, procedures, activities, results. In the normative acmeological examination, both a combination and separately set following goals can be used - control, evaluation, diagnostic; with a qualifying (interpretive) examination - diagnostics and evaluation; in tasting acmeological examination - diagnostics and prognosis; in understanding acmeological expertise - predictive and consulting-supporting. The composition of the general criteria for evaluating an innovative project includes indicators: novelty (innovation) of the project idea; the scale, consistency and effectiveness of the innovation project; translatability of the project idea. Special criteria include: the completeness of the structure of the innovation project; the degree of elaboration of the structural elements of the project; consistency of structural parts of the project. Particular criteria include: the realism of the innovative project; feasibility of an innovative project; instrumentality (controllability) of the project.

4. Acmeological models of expertise reveal conceptual approaches to the implementation of the goals facing the professional activities of civil servants, and allow for expertise: at the level of idea development - "understanding" acmeological expertise; at the level of modification and reconstruction of existing practice - "qualifying" (interpreting) acmeological expertise; at the level of transformation of innovation - normative acmeological expertise allows us to consider issues of traditionalization, innovation, etc. The task of predictive acmeological expertise is to go beyond the known, to step over the boundaries of the existing system of knowledge. The control function is put forward in the first place in the expertise of innovative projects, materials and innovative activities, in modern social, economic, environmental expertise and a number of others. The basis of this type of acmeological examinations are legislative acts, norms, regulations, standards and rules. Elements of diagnostic examinations (diagnosis of determining conditions proper) take place in all types of expert activities, but most often they are used in personnel work in assessing the professionalism of civil service personnel.

5. The basis of acmeological expertise in personnel work is the development of a system of criteria and indicators for expert evaluation of the effectiveness of professional activities in the civil service. Indicators and the system of indicators constitute one of the instruments of control in the field of public administration, within which, based on the use of a system of indicators (not only financial), systematic monitoring of the activities of both organizational units and individual employees is carried out, data on the effectiveness of administrative processes are collected, which creates the possibility of integrated planning and regulation of administrative processes.

The objectivity of the acmeological expert assessment of the professional competence of a civil servant in the course of attestation and qualification exam increases with professional testing and direct observation of experts over the applicants, their behavior, reaction, building communications in the course of real and specially designed situations. In the course of acmeological examination, as a rule, it is especially difficult to assess the personal and professional characteristics of the participants, their fixation and avoiding subjectivity.

6. Acmeological examination of innovative activities in the public service is a study aimed at identifying the level of its innovative development and resulting in a description of the ways to implement this activity in terms of maintaining uniqueness and specificity, as well as proposals for adjusting these methods in the direction of developing the practice of public management. The object of acmeological examination of innovative projects in the professional activities of civil servants can be: professional achievements of government bodies (federal, regional, municipal); professional achievements of civil servants of various job categories; management initiatives aimed at solving individual innovative tasks at the level of the industry, region, municipality, on the process of implementing these initiatives, as well as on the social results of the implementation of administrative and management initiatives.

The experience of holding professional competitions in various professional groups (primarily in the field of education and healthcare) shows that the greatest freedom in submitting an application and, as a result, greater freedom and variety of innovative directions, models, projects, are competitions that offer a wide alternative field and less rigidity in the choice of direction, method of presenting the result, etc. The object of expertise in them can be identified strategies, initiatives, the standards in which it is impossible to set rigidly without losing novelty, initiative, originality, creativity.

Dissertation conclusion scientific article on the topic "Psychology of development, acmeology"

Conclusions on the second chapter

1. The acmeological model of acmeological examination in the professional activity of a civil servant includes: an adequate choice of the type of examination, the correct functional correspondence of the examination to its object, the choice of the target orientation of the examination, the development of the professionalism of experts through the improvement of their personal professional qualities and special competence (qualimetric), the choice of adequate criteria and indicators of expert evaluation.

2. Examination models reveal conceptual approaches to the implementation of the goals of innovation activity and allow for examination: at the level of idea development - "understanding" examination; at the level of modification and reconstruction of existing practice - "qualifying" (interpretive) expertise; at the level of transformation of innovation - normative expertise allows to consider the issues of traditionalization of innovation, etc.

3. According to the function performed, the examinations are divided into monofunctional and polyfunctional, which as a result represent the target orientation of the examination and, in turn, are divided into: control, evaluation, diagnostic, predictive, conflict.

4. Depending on the level of organization, examinations are divided into: interstate, state, public, departmental, and in accordance with the level of elaboration, they are divided into primary and secondary. The latter are carried out when shortcomings are indicated in the primary examination that require revision and submission for re-examination, or are repeated at the request of the customer, etc.

5. Competent technological execution will increase the efficiency of expert procedures if they are carried out by trained specialists who know the characteristics of scientific schools, and if the line of irremovability of the expert throughout the entire technological chain of expertise is strictly maintained.

6. The task of predictive expertise is to go beyond the known, to step over the boundaries of the existing system of knowledge. . For a successful forecast, it is necessary not only to know well the patterns of the system development from its past state to the present one, but (as studies on synergetics show) it is necessary to go from the possible future to the present. The control function is put forward in the first place in the expertise of innovative projects, materials and innovative activities, in modern social, economic, environmental expertise and a number of others. The basis of this type of expertise are legislative acts, norms, regulations, standards and rules. Elements of diagnostic examinations (diagnosis of the determining conditions proper) take place in all types of expert activities. As a special kind, they are common in pedagogy, psychology, jurisprudence, and medicine. Diagnostic examinations are quite often used to clarify the natural causes that complicate the functioning of social systems.

7. Considering that the professional implementation of technology depends on specialists and their level of professionalism, the competent selection of expert groups, as well as on the preliminary acquaintance of experts with the organization and procedure for conducting an examination, the most common violations are the involvement of various groups of experts to evaluate innovative projects at different stages of the evaluation (or change, moving experts from one nomination to another), thereby violating the objectivity of the comprehensive assessment submitted for processing and determining the place (rank) of the materials under consideration. The absence of a well-constructed organizational stage at which it is possible for expert groups to "work" before the start of the examination leads to errors in understanding the goals and objectives and, as a result, to biased expert assessments.

8. Expertise in the professional activity of a civil servant is a set of procedures necessary for the study and evaluation of all components of public administration in order to obtain a professional opinion on the possibility and forecast of the effective organization of the professional activity of a civil servant. This type of examination provides for an acmeological assessment carried out in the staffing, during which the professional activities of a civil servant, his self-development, self-organization of professional and creative activities are assessed. This type of assessment, as mentioned above, is carried out, as a rule, within the framework of attestation procedures and a qualification exam. In general, expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant is a set of procedures necessary for the study and evaluation of all components of public administration in order to obtain a professional opinion on the possibility and forecast of the effective organization of the professional activities of a civil servant.

9. An important theoretical aspect of acmeological expertise in personnel work is the development of a system of criteria and indicators for expert evaluation of the effectiveness of professional activities in the public service. Indicators and the system of indicators are one of the tools of controlling in the field of public administration. This tool, which uses a system of indicators (not only financial ones), allows you to systematically monitor the activities of both organizational units and individual employees, collect data on the effectiveness of administrative processes, which creates the possibility of integrated planning and regulation of administrative processes.

10. The objectivity of the expert assessment of the professional competence of a civil servant in the course of attestation and qualification exam increases with professional testing and direct observation of applicants, their behavior, reaction, building communications in real and specially designed situations. During the examination, as a rule, a particular difficulty is the assessment of the personal and professional characteristics of the participants, their fixation and avoidance of subjectivity.

11. The criteria-evaluative base in the professional activity of a civil servant is formed on the basis of professiographic expert research, the result of which is an indicative professiogram of a civil servant and a system of professional competencies.

12. An analysis of foreign experience in expert evaluation of the effectiveness of a civil servant's professional activities has shown that performance evaluations in the public sector can be grouped as follows: 1) where the role of the individual dominates in solving professional problems (for example, in law enforcement agencies - the financial police, the border service, law enforcement structures, the army), are more likely to be characterized by assessments of a personal profile; 2) a system of assessments of the behavioral plan, assessments based on the analysis of any segment of the performance results; assessments based on job analysis, which compares the results of such an analysis and the true result of the activity (public civil service).

13. The productivity of acmeological expertise in personnel work is also expressed in its value from the position of a leader. The top-level executive extracts extremely important information from her documents - which parts of his organization are well staffed with capable employees, which are not. Moreover, with a proper certification system, such a system for assessing the qualifications of employees is carried out quickly, within 2-3 days, given in the context of each unit, for each group of employees.

14. Summarizing the Qualification Requirements of seven Ministries (Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation, Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation) in terms of “knowledge, skills and qualities" made it possible to identify both general and specific areas of "knowledge, skills and qualities" for four categories of federal civil servants, which served as the basis for the development of new methodological tools for expert assessment of the professional competence of civil servants - tests of professional knowledge, including questions reflecting the core competencies of civil servants.

15. As expert measurements have shown, the level of competence in two basic areas of professional activity of civil servants - the basics of civil service and information technology competence - is average and below average. Variation depending on gender and age is low. This result of the expert assessment allows us to conclude that the level of professionalism of civil servants is insufficient, they do not have the necessary amount of basic knowledge, skills and abilities.

16. Based on the selected groups of basic and special competencies, a professional survey was conducted of managers and specialists of the Ministry of Health (10 people) and the Ministry of Humanitarian and Social Development (Department of Information and Analytical Technologies - 16 people) of the Samara Region in order to determine the functional content of basic and special competencies, significance (priority) of each competency for groups of positions (managers and specialists) and civil service profile. The expert group included the most successful employees who, together with an acmeologist and a personnel officer, were able to conduct a professional analysis of their own professional activities. The structure of the interview consists of three mandatory questions for each type of competence: identify professional tasks within this type of competence; highlight professionally important qualities that ensure the solution of these problems; identify typical mistakes and difficulties in solving these problems. The survey also involves a discussion with an expert of all related issues aimed at the final result - the compilation of a complete list of professional tasks and professionally important qualities for each category of civil servants

17. The ratio of the rating of competencies for the three groups of civil servants shows: on average, the ratings of competencies of all categories of civil servants differ to a small extent, which indicates the presence of a common professional thinking; competency ratings are interconnected with the status of a civil servant and the specific profile of the civil service; the higher the status of the head (comparison of heads of departments and heads of departments), the greater the importance of the main types of competencies; for civil servants of the Department of Information and Analytical Technologies, control and accounting, innovation and research, expert and consulting, representative types of competencies are more significant; for specialists, regulatory-regulatory and innovative-research competence is of the least importance, and the greatest is the ability to work with documents, control and accounting, special knowledge, and communicative competence.

18. The function of the expertise of innovative activities in the civil service is to show and support initiatives, phenomena and precedents for the development of public administration practices that arise outside the "boundaries" of the established, well-established management system, public presentation and expertise at various types and levels of events that have a legal basis, to which include competitions, reviews held at the international, all-Russian and regional levels. In organizational and legal terms, such competitions should be held by various Foundations and Associations under the auspices of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation or the Ministries in charge of the implementation of administrative reform in the civil service.

19. An important tool for further development of innovations is the system of peer review. Taking into account the experience of applying peer review of innovative projects in education in the public service, the procedure for reviewing innovative initiatives with the assignment of the status of a federal experimental site should consist of three stages: review of the application, review of the project, review of the model.

20. The object of expertise of innovative projects in the professional activities of civil servants may be: professional achievements of government bodies (federal, regional, municipal); professional achievements of civil servants of various job categories; management initiatives aimed at solving individual innovative tasks at the level of the industry, region, municipality, the process of implementing these initiatives, as well as the social results of the implementation of initiatives.

21. The subject of expertise at the first stage may be innovative projects for the implementation of federal and regional programs, author's systems of professional activity, innovative organizational management systems. At the second stage - the described results of implemented initiatives, activities, products of activities. At the third stage - the innovative management activity itself (in the case of exports carried out on the basis of a specific public authority).

22. Innovative activity in the civil service system, presented in the form of socio-economic, managerial, administrative and economic initiatives, requires a prolonged examination carried out at all stages of the formation and development of innovations. During the examination of management initiatives, it is necessary to perform consulting and accompanying functions, while the consulting function can be performed by both experts and invited specialists, the accompanying function remains within the competence of the organizers and scientific consultants.

23. The experience of holding professional competitions in various professional groups (primarily in the field of education and healthcare) shows that the greatest freedom in submitting an application and, as a result, greater freedom and variety of innovative directions, models, projects, are competitions in which it is proposed a wide alternative field and less rigidity in the choice of direction, method of presenting the result, etc. The object of expertise in them can be identified strategies, initiatives, the standards in which it is impossible to set rigidly without losing novelty, initiative, originality, creativity.

Conclusion

Despite the relevance and practical significance, the problem of the productivity of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants has not been fully studied. The work carried out integrated the results of modern psychological and acmeological research into the problems of acmeological expertise and its application in assessing and developing the professionalism of civil service personnel and developing innovative activities. The substantiation of the theoretical and methodological base, the expansion of the idea of ​​the subject under study, makes it possible to reach the applied level.

In the genesis of the study of the problem of acmeological expertise of civil servants, philosophical, psychological and pedagogical, acmeological, scientific, managerial directions are singled out. It is shown that the problem of acmeological expertise has the framework of an interdisciplinary scientific discipline. It has been established that, despite numerous studies of various types, types, methods of expertise, the productivity of acmeological expertise as a concept has not yet been considered in relation to the acmeological content of the professional activities of civil servants. The integrative approach developed in acmeology is a prerequisite for the formulation and study of this problem. It is shown that in all approaches to the concept of expertise, both in Russian and foreign practice, there is something in common that either unites them or allows them to be considered as not contradictory, but complementary approaches to the concept: mandatory obtaining of information, its study (analysis), evaluation , development of proposals and possible ways in the direction of development in the form of a certain conclusion, if the expert (involved specialist) has special knowledge.

The dissertation shows that acmeological expertise in professional activities is aimed at solving personnel and innovative tasks that are relevant to the current level of development of the public service, developing proposals for correcting emerging problems. The goals of acmeological expertise are substantiated, which include research, evaluation, control, diagnostics, prognosis, formation. The acmeological essence of expertise in the professional activities of civil servants lies in the fact that the processes, procedures, methods, methods and results of expert evaluation are aimed at identifying current and potential development areas both in the field of personnel work and professionalism assessment, and in innovative and transformative activities. civil servants.

It was revealed that the productivity of acmeological expertise also depends on the level of professionalism and competence of the expert. The necessary requirements for experts are determined by professional and qualimetric competence, mastery of scientific methodology and expertise techniques. The training program for experts on the implementation of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants is a regulatory and supportive tool for improving the professional level of civil servants in general, as well as developing the innovative potential of the civil service.

In the practice of public service, expertise is a reflection of practice and, therefore, involves participation in the construction of what happened, identifying the essential in it. Expertise relies on those links of reflexive analysis that are associated with the transition from a situational view of what happened to the essential and uses this result to answer the initial questions: what is the cause of the difficulty, what is the most important system-forming in the event under consideration, how does this case differ from others, what is the prospect of this case in comparison with others, etc. Outside of the transition to an essential view of experience, events, perspective, there is no difference between ordinary and individually significant reflection and expert analysis. Since the research work is the basis of the expert's activity, thus the examination is built on top of a practical attempt to understand the situation, it uses the results of empirical reflection as material to start its process.

Thus, several areas can become the subject of expertise in the professional activities of a civil servant:

1. Innovations in the civil service (changes and reforms in the civil service, national projects, etc.). Approaches to the examination of innovative activities in the public service may differ:

The object of consideration (region, state institution of various levels, project, organizational and managerial processes of activity, etc.),

Methods of collecting and processing data in the study (statistics, qualimetry, sociometry, peer review, etc.), which ensure the adoption of a managerial decision.

2. Innovations implemented in the field of logistical support of innovations in the civil service, the expertise of which includes the assessment of technical and technological, ergonomic and medical-physiological components, equipment and requires the involvement of specialists from other fields of activity. The main purpose of this examination is diagnostics, research, evaluation and conclusion on the issue of possible innovations that allow making positive changes in the management process, while meeting medical, ergonomic and technical and technological requirements.

3. Acmeological assessment, carried out in staffing, during which the professional activity of a civil servant, his self-development, self-organization of professional and creative activities are evaluated. This type of assessment, as mentioned above, is carried out, as a rule, within the framework of attestation procedures and a qualification exam.

4. Innovations carried out in management technologies, which are the main object of expertise. The following aspects of educational technologies can serve as the subject of expertise:

Compliance of the declared goals with the real content of management;

The degree of implementation of the scientific and methodological principles of management technology in the proposed methodology;

Possibilities of using management technology for management in a particular region, industry, organization;

The cost of implementing management technology.

Thus, the study revealed that the examination in the professional activities of a civil servant is a set of procedures necessary for the study and evaluation of all components of public administration in order to obtain a professional opinion on the possibility and forecast of the effective organization of the professional activities of a civil servant.

The study confirmed the initial hypothesis, the correctness of setting the research objectives, the provisions submitted for defense, and made it possible to formulate the following scientific and practical recommendations: the development of the productivity of acmeological expertise should become an integral part of increasing the innovative and personal-professional development of a civil servant; continuous educational and self-educational processes are required within the framework of additional professional education for the training of experts, the use of adequate expert procedures in various areas of public service, which ensures a high level of development of professional tasks.

Prospects for further research in this direction suggest an interdisciplinary approach to all the developed provisions and the results obtained, the development and testing of tools to optimize the development of acmeological expertise in the professional activities of civil servants.

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