Where to go to study? Become social educator or choose humanitarian profession? But how to decide if the possibilities are huge, but it is quite difficult to understand what is what? Questions, questions, questions... And they concern many young people, and not only them. We will try to answer them and give the main indicators of what humanitarian sciences different from social ones.

Definition of Humanities and Social Sciences

Humanities - if you describe them plain language, then they study a person from the point of view of his spiritual, cultural, moral, social and mental sphere. There are also certain intersections with the social sciences, while at the same time being opposed to the exact or natural. If specificity and accuracy are necessary in mathematics, physics or chemistry, then in literature, psychology, ethics, etc. there are clear definitions, but at the same time the subject is given in all possible versatility and interpretation. So that each person can find something of their own in this. Among the humanities are: literature, law, history, pedagogy, aesthetics and many others.
Social sciences - there are certain similarities and intersections with such subjects as history, pedagogy, psychology, but the subject of study is presented from a slightly different position. In this group of academic disciplines, it is important to study aspects of a person's being in projection on his social activities. That is, not just in such and such a year such and such events occurred, but how exactly what happened affected a person’s life, and a person influenced events. What happened in the worldview, what were the shifts, conclusions and subsequent actions.
Social science is a subjective understanding of the issue for each person, despite the existence of clear definitions. And like the humanities cycle, they are very different from the exact disciplines with their specificity and objectivity.

Comparison between humanities and social sciences

First of all, it is worth noting the undoubted similarity of the social and humanitarian. One can even say that the social sciences are a kind of subsection of the humanities with their own specific features.
The social sciences are focused on society and specific people. The existence of a person and how it is connected with society is studied. In the same time humanitarian cycle involves the study of disciplines not necessarily related to specific people in terms of public activity. Here it is more important to consider the issue in such a way that each person can find something of his own.
Sociology is not only a theory, but also a practice - various studies, surveys, testing of personal qualities of a person. Humanitarian subjects in more degree theoretical, and where practice is required, there is no clear orientation to society, and abstract concepts are often considered.

TheDifference.ru determined that the difference between the humanities and the social sciences is as follows:

The social sciences are oriented towards man in terms of his social activities, and the humanities often pursue abstract goals and consider abstract concepts.
AT social sciences Ah there are practical tools that are focused on the study of society and man, and the humanitarian is often not required.

1. Natural and social sciences and humanities

Natural and social and humanitarian sciences study man. His biological nature study natural science, and the social qualities of a person - public.
natural and social Sciences differ markedly from each other.
Natural study nature that has existed and can exist independently of man. Public sciences cannot study society without studying the activities of the people living in it, their thoughts and aspirations. If in natural sciences object and subject are different, then in public- object and subject are the same => public sciences cannot be objective.
Similar to other areas scientific research, social sciences are aimed at comprehending the truth, discovering the objective laws of the functioning of society, the trends of its development.

2. Classification of social sciences and humanities

• historical sciences(National history, General history, archeology, ethnography, etc.)
• Economic Sciences (economic theory, Accounting, statistics, etc.)
• Philosophical Sciences(history of philosophy, logic, ethics, aesthetics, etc.)
• Philological sciences(linguistics, literary criticism, journalism, etc.)
• Legal Sciences(story legal teachings, constitutional law, etc.)
• Pedagogical Sciences (general pedagogy, history of pedagogy and education, etc.)
• Psychological sciences (general psychology, personality psychology, etc.)
• Sociological Sciences(theory, methodology and history of sociology, demography, etc.)
• Political science(theory of politics, political technologies, etc.)
• Culturology(theory and history of culture, museology, etc.)

3. Sociology, political science, social psychology

Sociology- the science of general and specific social laws and patterns of development and functioning of historically defined social systems, about the mechanisms of action and forms of manifestation of these laws in the activities of people, social groups, classes, peoples.

In other words, sociology is the science of society as an integral system, the laws of its formation, functioning and development.

Political science (in narrow sense) - one of the sciences that studies politics, namely - general theory politics, exploring the specific patterns of relations social actors about power and influence special type interactions between the ruling and the ruled, the rulers and the ruled.

Political science (in the broadest sense) includes all political knowledge and is a complex of disciplines that study politics: the history of political thought, political philosophy, political sociology, political psychology, etc.

In other words, in this interpretation, political science acts as a single, integral science that comprehensively studies politics. She relies on applied research which use various methods, including those existing in sociology and other social sciences.

Social Psychology - studies the patterns of behavior and activities of people, due to the factor of inclusion in social groups, as well as psychological characteristics these same groups.

4. Specificity of philosophical knowledge

Eternal problems of philosophy - the questions that human thought posed a long time ago, they retain their significance.

Philosophy is always turned to history. The new philosophical systems being created do not cancel the previously put forward concepts and principles, but continue to coexist with them in a single cultural and cognitive space, therefore philosophy is always pluralistic, is diverse in its schools and directions.

Philosophizing- This is a kind of speculative activity. Philosophy is different from science. Philosophical knowledge is multilayered. Within philosophy, relatively independent areas of knowledge were formed quite a long time ago: the doctrine of being - ontology; the doctrine of knowledge epistemology; the science of morality ethics; a science that studies the beautiful in reality, the laws of the development of art - aesthetics.

To philosophical knowledge include such important areas for understanding society and man as philosophical anthropology- the doctrine of the essence and nature of man, of a specifically human way of being, as well as social philosophy.

Social philosophy makes its full contribution to the development of a wide range of problems: society as an integrity; patterns community development; the structure of society as a system; the meaning, direction and resources of social development; the ratio of the spiritual and material aspects of the life of society; man as a subject of social action; peculiarities social cognition.

Homework

1. The very term "socio-humanitarian knowledge" indicates that social science includes two types of knowledge: Social sciencies oriented to the study of structures, common ties and patterns and humanitarian knowledge with its installation on a specific individual description phenomena and events public life, human interactions and personalities.
2. For the social sciences, people are elements of the objective picture that these sciences determined, then for humanitarian knowledge , on the contrary, the forms scientific activity clarify their meaning as schemes included in the joint and individual life of people.
3. Social and humanitarian scientific disciplines have one thing in common and at the same time the main link - a person. A certain number of people make up a society (it is studied by the social sciences), in which each person plays a role (this is studied by the humanities).

Society is such a complex object that science alone cannot study it. Only by combining the efforts of many sciences, it is possible to fully and consistently describe and study the most complex education, which only exists in this world, human society. The totality of all sciences that study society as a whole is called social science. These include philosophy, history, sociology, economics, political science, psychology and social psychology, anthropology and cultural studies. This is fundamental sciences, consisting of many subdisciplines, sections, directions, scientific schools.

Social science, having arisen later than many other sciences, incorporates their concepts and specific results, statistics, tabular data, graphs and conceptual schemes, theoretical categories.

The whole set of sciences related to social science is divided into two varieties - social and humanitarian.

If the social sciences are the sciences of human behavior, then the humanities are the sciences of the spirit. In other words, the subject of the social sciences is society, the subject humanitarian disciplines- culture. The main subject of the social sciences is study of human behavior.

Sociology, psychology, social psychology, economics, political science, as well as anthropology and ethnography (the science of peoples) belong to social sciences . They have a lot in common, they are closely related and form a kind of scientific union. A group of other related disciplines adjoins it: philosophy, history, art history, cultural studies, and literary criticism. They are referred to humanitarian knowledge.

Since representatives of neighboring sciences constantly communicate and enrich each other with new knowledge, the boundaries between social philosophy, social psychology, economics, sociology and anthropology can be considered very arbitrary. At their intersection constantly arise interdisciplinary sciences, for example, at the junction of sociology and anthropology appeared social anthropology, at the intersection of economics and psychology - economic psychology. In addition, there are such integrative disciplines as legal anthropology, sociology of law, economic sociology, cultural anthropology, psychological and economic anthropology, and historical sociology.

Let's get acquainted more thoroughly with the specifics of the leading social sciences:

Economy- the science that studies the principles of organization economic activity people, the relations of production, exchange, distribution and consumption that are formed in every society, formulates the foundations rational behavior producer and consumer of goods. Economics also studies the behavior of large masses of people in a market situation. In small and large - in public and privacy- people cannot take a step without affecting economic relations . When negotiating a job, buying goods on the market, calculating our income and expenses, demanding payment of wages, and even going to visit, we - directly or indirectly - take into account the principles of economy.

Sociology- a science that studies the relationships that arise between groups and communities of people, the nature of the structure of society, problems social inequality and principles of resolving social conflicts.

Political science- a science that studies the phenomenon of power, the specifics social management, relations arising in the process of implementation of state-power activities.

Psychology- the science of patterns, mechanism and facts mental life man and animals. Main theme psychological thought antiquity and the Middle Ages - the problem of the soul. Psychologists study persistent and repetitive behavior in individuals. The focus is on the problems of perception, memory, thinking, learning and development of the human personality. AT modern psychology many branches of knowledge, including psychophysiology, animal psychology and comparative psychology, social psychology, child psychology and pedagogical psychology, age-related psychology, psychology of work, psychology of creativity, medical psychology and etc.

Anthropology - the science of the origin and evolution of man, education human races and about normal variations physical structure person. She studies primitive tribes that have survived today from primitive times in the lost corners of the planet: their customs, traditions, culture, manners of behavior.

Social Psychology studies small group (family, group of friends, sports team). Social psychology is a borderline discipline. She was formed at the intersection of sociology and psychology, taking on those tasks that her parents were unable to solve. It turned out that a large society does not directly affect the individual, but through an intermediary - small groups. This world of friends, acquaintances and relatives, closest to a person, plays an exceptional role in our life. We generally live in small, not in big worlds- in a specific house, in a specific family, in a specific company, etc. The small world sometimes affects us even more than the big one. That is why science appeared, which came to grips with it very seriously.

Story- one of essential sciences in the system of social and humanitarian knowledge. The object of its study is a person, his activity throughout existence human civilization. The word "history" Greek origin and means "research", "search". Some scholars believed that the object of study of history is the past. The well-known French historian M. Blok categorically objected to this. "The very idea that the past as such is capable of being the object of science is absurd."

emergence historical science dates back to ancient civilizations. The "father of history" is considered to be the ancient Greek historian Herodotus, who compiled a work dedicated to Greco-Persian Wars. However, this is hardly fair, since Herodotus used not so much historical data as legends, legends and myths. And his work cannot be considered completely reliable. Much more reason considered the fathers of history by Thucydides, Polybius, Arrian, Publius Cornelius Tacitus, Ammianus Marcellinus. These ancient historians used documents, their own observations, and eyewitness accounts to describe events. All ancient peoples considered themselves historiographers and revered history as a teacher of life. Polybius wrote: “The lessons learned from history most truly lead to enlightenment and prepare for engaging in public affairs, the story of the trials of other people is the most intelligible or only mentor that teaches us to courageously endure the vicissitudes of fate.”

And although, over time, people began to doubt that history could teach future generations not to repeat the mistakes of previous ones, the importance of studying history was not disputed. The most famous Russian historian V.O. Klyuchevsky in his reflections on history wrote: “History does not teach anything, but only punishes for ignorance of the lessons.”

Culturology primarily interested in the world of art - painting, architecture, sculpture, dance, forms of entertainment and mass spectacles, educational institutions and science. Subjects cultural creativity act a) individuals, b) small groups, c) large groups. In this sense, culturology covers all types of people's associations, but only to the extent that it concerns the creation of cultural values.

Demography studies the population - the whole set of people that make up human society. Demography is primarily interested in how they reproduce, how long they live, why and in what quantity they die, where they move large masses of people. She looks at man partly as a natural, partly as a social being. All living beings are born, die and reproduce. These processes are influenced primarily by biological laws. For example, science has proven that a person cannot live more than 110-115 years. Such is his biological resource. However, the vast majority of people live up to 60-70 years. But this is today, and two hundred years ago average duration life did not exceed 30-40 years. In poor and underdeveloped countries, even today people live less than in rich and very developed ones. In humans, life expectancy is determined by both biological, hereditary characteristics, and social conditions(life, work, rest, food).

3.7 . Social and humanitarian knowledge

social cognition is the knowledge of society. Cognition of society is a very complex process for a number of reasons.

1. Society is the most complex of the objects of knowledge. In social life, all events and phenomena are so complex and diverse, so different from each other and so intricately intertwined that it is very difficult to detect certain patterns in it.

2. In social cognition, not only material (as in natural science), but also ideal, spiritual relations are explored. These relations are much more complex, diverse and contradictory than the connections in nature.

3. In social cognition, society acts both as an object and as a subject of cognition: people create their own own history and they know it.

Speaking about the specifics of social cognition, extremes should be avoided. On the one hand, it is impossible to explain the reasons for the historical backwardness of Russia with the help of Einstein's theory of relativity. On the other hand, one cannot assert that all those methods by which nature is studied are unsuitable for social science.

Primary and elementary method knowledge is observation. But it differs from the observation that is used in natural science when observing the stars. In social science, knowledge concerns the animate, endowed with consciousness objects. And if, for example, the stars, even after observing them for many years, remain completely unperturbed in relation to the observer and his intentions, then in public life everything is different. As a rule, a back reaction is detected on the part of the object under study, something makes observation impossible from the very beginning, or interrupts it somewhere in the middle, or introduces into it such interference that significantly distorts the results of the study. Therefore, non-participant observation in social science gives insufficiently reliable results. Another method is needed, which is called included observation. It is carried out not from the outside, not from the outside in relation to the object under study ( social group), but from within it.

For all its importance and necessity, observation in social science demonstrates the same fundamental shortcomings as in other sciences. Observing, we cannot change the object in the direction we are interested in, regulate the conditions and course of the process under study, reproduce it as many times as is required for the completion of the observation. Significant shortcomings of observation are largely overcome in experiment.

The experiment is active, transformative. In the experiment, we interfere with the natural course of events. According to V.A. Stoff, an experiment can be defined as a type of activity undertaken in order to scientific knowledge, the discovery of objective patterns and consisting in the impact on the object (process) under study by means of special tools and devices. Thanks to the experiment, it is possible to: 1) isolate the object under study from the influence of secondary, insignificant and obscuring its essence phenomena and study it in a “pure” form; 2) repeatedly reproduce the course of the process in strictly fixed, controllable and accountable conditions; 3) systematically change, vary, combine various conditions in order to get the desired result.

social experiment has a number of significant features.

1. The social experiment has a concrete historical character. Experiments in the field of physics, chemistry, biology can be repeated in different eras, in various countries, because the laws of development of nature do not depend on the form and type industrial relations, nor from national and historical features. Social experiments aimed at transforming the economy, the national-state structure, the system of upbringing and education, etc., can lead to various historical eras, in different countries not only different, but also directly opposite results.

2. The object of the social experiment has much lesser degree isolation from similar objects remaining outside the experiment and all influences this society generally. Here, reliable isolation devices such as vacuum pumps, protective screens, etc., used in the process, are not possible. physical experiment. And this means that the social experiment cannot be carried out with a sufficient degree of approximation to "pure conditions".

3. A social experiment imposes increased requirements for observing “safety precautions” in the process of its implementation compared to natural science experiments, where even experiments performed by trial and error are acceptable. A social experiment at any point in its course constantly has a direct impact on well-being, well-being, physical and mental health people involved in the "experimental" group. Underestimation of any detail, any failure in the course of the experiment can have a detrimental effect on people, and no good intentions of its organizers can justify this.

4. A social experiment may not be carried out for the purpose of obtaining directly theoretical knowledge. To put experiments (experiments) on people is inhumane in the name of any theory. A social experiment is a stating, confirming experiment.

One of theoretical methods knowledge is historical method research, i.e. a method that reveals significant historical facts and stages of development, which ultimately allows you to create a theory of the object, reveal the logic and patterns of its development.

Another method is modeling. Modeling is understood as such a method of scientific knowledge, in which the study is carried out not on the object of interest to us (original), but on its substitute (analogue), similar to it in certain respects. As in other industries scientific knowledge, modeling in social science is used when the subject itself is not available for direct study (say, it does not yet exist at all, for example, in predictive studies), or this direct study requires enormous costs, or it is impossible due to ethical considerations.

In his goal-setting activity, which makes history, man has always sought to comprehend the future. There has been a growing interest in the future in modern era in connection with the formation of the information and computer society, in connection with those global issues that call into question the very existence of humanity. foresight came out on top.

scientific foresight is such knowledge about the unknown, which is based on already known knowledge about the essence of the phenomena and processes that interest us and about their tendencies further development. Scientific foresight does not claim to be absolutely accurate and complete knowledge of the future, to its obligatory reliability: even carefully verified and balanced forecasts are justified only with a certain degree of certainty.

Spiritual life of society

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Science, as one of the forms of knowledge and explanation of the world, is constantly evolving: the number of its branches and directions is steadily growing. This trend is especially clearly demonstrated by the development of social sciences, which open up more and more new facets of the life of modern society. What are they? What is the subject of their study? Read more about this in the article.

social science

This concept appeared relatively recently. Scientists associate its occurrence with the development of science in general, which began in the 16-17th century. It was then that science stood up own way development, combining and absorbing the entire system of near-scientific knowledge that was formed at that time.

It should be noted that social science is complete system scientific knowledge, which at its core contains a number of disciplines. The task of the latter is a comprehensive study of society and its constituent elements.

The rapid development and complication of this category in the last couple of centuries poses new challenges for science. The emergence of new institutions, the complication public relations and relationships require the introduction of new categories, the establishment of dependencies and patterns, open up new industries and sub-sectors of this type of scientific knowledge.

What is he studying?

The answer to the question of what constitutes the subject matter of the social sciences is already embedded in itself. This part of scientific knowledge concentrates its cognitive efforts on such complex concept like a society. Its essence is most fully revealed thanks to the development of sociology.

The latter is quite often presented as a science of society. However, such a broad interpretation of the subject of this discipline does not allow one to obtain full view about her.

and sociology?

Many researchers of both modern and past centuries have tried to answer this question. can boast huge amount theories and concepts that explain the essence of the concept of "society". The latter cannot consist of only one individual, an indispensable condition here is the totality of several beings, which must certainly be in the process of interaction. That is why today scientists present society as a kind of "clump" of all kinds of connections and interactions that entangle the world. human relations. Allocate a row distinctive characteristics societies:

• The presence of a certain social community, reflecting public side life, social peculiarity of relations and different kind interactions.
• The presence of regulatory bodies, which sociologists call social institutions, the latter are the most stable connections and relationships. A prime example such an institution is the family.
• special social space. Territorial categories are inapplicable here, since society can go beyond them.
• Self-sufficiency is a characteristic that makes it possible to distinguish a society from other similar social formations.

Given the detailed presentation of the main category of sociology, it is possible to expand the idea of ​​it as a science. It is no longer just a science of society, but also an integrated system of knowledge about various social institutions, relationships, communities.

Social sciences study society, forming a versatile view of it. Each examines the object from its own side: political science - political, economics - economic, cultural studies - cultural, etc.

Causes

Starting from the 16th century, the development of scientific knowledge became quite dynamic, and by the middle of the 19th, a process of differentiation was observed in the already separated science. The essence of the latter was that in line with scientific knowledge began to take shape individual industries. The foundation for their formation and, in fact, the reason for the separation was the allocation of the object, subject and methods of research. Based on these components, the disciplines were concentrated around two main areas human life: nature and society.

What are the reasons for separating from scientific knowledge what is today known as social science? First of all, these are the changes that took place in society in the 16th-17th centuries. It was then that its formation began in the form in which it was preserved until today. Outdated structures are being replaced by mass ones, which require heightened attention, because it became necessary not only to understand but also to be able to manage them.

Another factor contributing to the emergence of social sciences was the active development of natural sciences, which in some way "provoked" the emergence of the first. It is known that one of characteristic features scientific knowledge of the late 19th century was the so-called naturalistic understanding of society and the processes taking place in it. A feature of this approach was that social scientists tried to explain within the framework of the categories and methods of the natural sciences. Then sociology appears, which its creator, Auguste Comte, calls social physics. The scientist, studying society, tries to apply to it natural science methods. Thus, social science is a system of scientific knowledge that took shape later than natural science and developed under its direct influence.

Development of social sciences

The rapid development of knowledge about society in the late 19th - early 20th century was due to the desire to find the levers to control it in a rapidly changing world. The natural sciences, unable to cope with the explanation of processes, reveal their inconsistency and limitations. The formation and development of the social sciences make it possible to obtain answers to many questions of both the past and the present. New processes and phenomena that take place in the world require new approaches to the study, as well as the application the latest technologies and methodologies. All this stimulates the development of both scientific knowledge in general and the social sciences in particular.

Considering that the natural sciences have become a stimulus for the development of the social sciences, it is necessary to find out how to distinguish one from the other.

Natural and social sciences: distinctive characteristics

The main difference that allows one or another knowledge to be attributed to certain group is, of course, an object of study. In other words, what the attention of science is directed to, in this case that's two various areas being.

It is known that the natural sciences arose before the social sciences, and their methods influenced the development of the methodology of the latter. Its development took place in a different cognitive direction - by understanding the processes taking place in society, in contrast to the explanation offered by the sciences of nature.

Another feature that emphasizes the differences between the natural and social sciences is to ensure the objectivity of the process of cognition. In the first case, the scientist is outside the subject of research, observing it "from the outside". In the second, he himself is often a participant in the processes that take place in society. Here, objectivity is ensured by comparison with universal values and norms: cultural, moral, religious, political and others.

What are the social sciences?

Immediately, we note that there are some difficulties in determining where to attribute this or that science. Modern scientific knowledge gravitates toward the so-called interdisciplinarity, when the sciences borrow methods from each other. That is why it is sometimes difficult to attribute science to one group or another: both social and natural sciences have a number of characteristics that make them related.

Since the social sciences occurred later than the natural ones, initial stage of its development, many scientists believed that it was possible to study society and the processes taking place in it using natural scientific methods. A striking example is sociology, which was called social physics. Later, with the development of their own system of methods, the social (social) sciences moved away from the natural sciences.

Another feature that unites these is that each of them acquires knowledge in the same ways, among which:

• system of such general scientific methods like observation, simulation, experiment;
• logical methods of cognition: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, etc.;
• reliance on scientific facts, consistency and consistency of judgments, the unambiguity of the concepts used and the rigor of their definitions.

Also, both spheres of science are related by how they differ from other types and forms of knowledge: the validity and consistency of the acquired knowledge, their objectivity, etc.

The system of scientific knowledge about society

The whole set of sciences that study society is sometimes combined into one, which is called social science. This discipline, being complex, allows you to form a general idea of ​​society and the place of the individual in it. It is formed on the basis of knowledge about various: economics, politics, culture, psychology and others. In other words, social science is an integrated system of social sciences that forms an idea of ​​such a complex and diverse phenomenon as society, the roles and functions of a person in it.

Classification of social sciences

Based on which social sciences belong to any level of knowledge about society or give an idea of ​​almost all spheres of its life, scientists have divided them into several groups:

• the first includes those sciences that give general ideas about society itself, the laws of its development, the main components, etc. (sociology, philosophy);
• the second covers those disciplines that explore one side of society (economics, political science, cultural studies, ethics, etc.);
• the third group includes the sciences that permeate all areas of the life of society (history, jurisprudence).

Sometimes social sciences are divided into two spheres: social and humanitarian. Both of them are closely interconnected, because one way or another they are related to society. The first characterizes the most general patterns leaks social processes, and the second refers to subjective level, which explores a person with his values, motives, goals, intentions, etc.

Thus, it can be indicated that the social sciences study society in a general, broader aspect, as part of material world, as well as in a narrow one - at the level of the state, nation, family, associations or social groups.

The most famous social sciences

Given the fact that modern society is a rather complex and diverse phenomenon, it is impossible to study it within the framework of one discipline. This situation can be explained based on the fact that the number of relationships and connections in society today is huge. We all come across in our lives such areas as: economics, politics, law, culture, language, history, etc. All this diversity is a clear manifestation of how versatile modern society. That is why at least 10 social sciences can be cited, each of which characterizes one of the aspects of society: sociology, political science, history, economics, jurisprudence, pedagogy, cultural studies, psychology, geography, anthropology.

There is no doubt that the source of basic information about society is sociology. It is she who reveals the essence of this multifaceted object of study. In addition, today political science, which characterizes the political sphere, has gained sufficient fame.

Jurisprudence allows you to learn how to regulate relations in society with the help of rules of conduct, enshrined by the state in the form of legal norms. And psychology allows you to do this with the help of other mechanisms, studying the psychology of the crowd, group and person.

Thus, each of the 10 social sciences explores society from its own side with the help of own methods research.

Scientific publications publishing social science research

One of the most famous is the journal Social Sciences and Modernity. Today it is one of the few publications that allows you to get acquainted with enough a wide range most different directions modern social science. There are articles on sociology and history, political science and philosophy, research that raises the problems of cultural and psychological plan.

Home hallmark publication is an opportunity to accommodate and get acquainted with interdisciplinary research that is carried out at the junction of various scientific directions. Today, the globalizing world makes its own demands: a scientist must go beyond the narrow confines of his industry and take into account modern tendencies development of the world society as a single organism.

The classification of scientific activity is not so great, if it is divided into those that have axiomatic confirmation and those that have an "inaccurate" formulation, then there are only two options. Speaking in terms, science is divided into the humanities and natural sciences. There is also the concept of social sciences, which is not immediately explained by many citizens. Let's figure out how the humanities differ from the social sciences.

Humanitarian sciences

As already noted, the humanities do not have exact confirmation and postulate. These include: psychology, economics, philosophy, sociology, jurisprudence. Understanding and acquiring new knowledge human nature and the arts are the most important features of the humanities. This is normative knowledge educated person. By deepening science, the settlement of integrity in relation to man and the core of nature is being explored by scientists and professors.

Although until very recently the humanities were limited in the study of social management, now modern science- on the contrary, seeks to solve the problem of social construction social population. The main direction of which today has gained some progress and interest among many humanist scientists is the study of society and its capabilities before technological discoveries, as well as knowledge social statistics.

Social Sciences

The social sciences, in addition to the listed humanities, also cover social circle research- this is history, jurisprudence, linguistics, rhetoric, political science, pedagogy, cultural studies, geography, anthropology. So large spectrum sciences studies historical stages the past, as well as what may happen in the history of the future. Solves fundamental theorems social society. This science explores human relationships and attitudes.

Even in the recent past, the social sciences had no basis and were considered only from the point of view of necessity in one area or another. Today they are relevant for all segments of society. The theory that people will be able to manage themselves through social statistics and research is gaining popularity and consideration.

The similarity of the two sciences

Some sciences such as history, political science and sociology are to some extent harbingers of the future, i.e. guided by the skills of the historical past and the analysis of the social political mood societies, political scientists and sociologists can predict an assessment of what might happen in the future. Thus, sociology, history and political science are closely linked. A characteristic difference is the fact that political science studies theories, while sociology studies entire social corporations.

Philosophy, political science and psychology have among themselves common features. All these sciences mainly investigate social views and human image actions in any given situation. The experience of philosophy advises political scientists on some issues concerning the relations of peoples and the role of the state in public welfare. Psychology can also be both a humanitarian science and a social one. The opinion about why a person will do this and what he was guided by is very appropriate and, to some extent, necessary for the development of the correct promising tops.

The sciences that are part of the humanities cannot be standard and isolated theories alone, they are in demand and cover the sciences of the social environment. Conversely, they find common ground in your search.

Distinction between humanities and social sciences

In simple terms, the humanities are aimed at studying a person from the point of view of his inner nature: spirituality, morality, culture, ingenuity. In turn, social ones are aimed at studying not only the inner nature of a person, but also his actions in a given situation, his worldview on what is happening in society.
There are several major differences between the humanities and the social sciences:

1. Abstract concepts that reveal signs and properties are oriented in the humanities. For example, " experienced person”, in this case, it is not the person himself who is considered, but the very experience that he received. The social sciences focus their attention on man and his activities in social society.
2. In order to theoretically navigate the study social development society, social scientists use proven tools and rules. In the humanities, this is rarely practiced.