Northwestern federal district formed in accordance with the Decree of the President Russian Federation No. 849 dated May 13, 2000

The Northwestern Federal District includes 11 constituent entities of the Russian Federation: the Republic, the Komi Republic, the Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Kaliningrad, Leningrad, Murmansk, Novgorod, Pskov regions, the city of St. Petersburg, the Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

The center of the Northwestern Federal District is the city of St. Petersburg (area - 1.4 thousand km2, population as of 01.01.2007 - 4.6 million people).
The territory of the Northwestern Federal District is 1,687 thousand km2, or 9.9% of the territory of Russia.

As of January 1, 2007, 13.6 million people (9.53%) lived in the district, of which urban population was 82.2%, rural population- 17.8%, men - 45.9%, women - 54.1%. Population density - 8.0 people. per 1 m2.

The largest cities of the Northwestern Federal District are St. Petersburg, Kaliningrad, Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, Cherepovets, Vologda, Petrozavodsk, Severodvinsk, Novgorod, Syktyvkar. St. Petersburg is a millionaire city. The number of other cities does not exceed 230,000 people.

The resource and raw materials base of the Northwestern Federal District is not among the richest in Russia, nevertheless, the extraction of almost the entire Russian volume of apatite (with reserves of 72% of the total Russian) and titanium (77% of reserves) is concentrated in the district. Oil and gas reserves are about 8% of the total Russian reserves, coal reserves are about 3% Russian reserves. At the same time, production fuel resources plays important role in the economy of the district, although it is only 4% of the total for oil and 7% for coal. The district is concentrated large stocks peat and oil shale. About 19% of nickel and iron ores are mined here, while nickel reserves make up 18% of the total Russian reserves. Bauxite reserves (45% of Russia's total) have not yet been fully developed - their extraction is only 15% of the Russian level. The district has large reserves of diamonds (19% of the total Russian), there are deposits rare metals, gold, barite, uranium. Exploration of reserves of manganese and chromium ores is underway.

The Northwestern Federal District produces 10% of the country's gross domestic product (5th place among the districts). By the size of the average per capita gross regional product the district ranks 3rd among.

The economy of the Northwestern Federal District is growing at a slower pace than the Russian economy as a whole.

An important role in the economy of the district is played by the metallurgical complex, consisting of 75% of ferrous and 25% of non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises, as well as mechanical engineering. The Okrug has developed a science-intensive industry specializing in the production of electronics and electrical engineering, instrument making; developed shipbuilding.

The Northwestern Federal District of Russia is one of the most developed timber industry regions of the country, and the timber industry sector is one of the key sectors in the region's economy. Almost 60% of the forests of the European part of Russia grow here. The stock of wood is about 10 billion m3. It produces 30% of Russian lumber, 40% of plywood, about 40% of industrial wood, 50% of cardboard and 60% of paper.

On the basis of the use of phosphate raw materials, gas and the disposal of metallurgy waste, the production of complex mineral fertilizers and plastics has been established, rubber products, synthetic resins, paints and varnishes, household chemicals are produced. Light industry The Northwestern Federal District specializes in the production of linen fabrics.

Developed fishing industry. In terms of fish catch, the Northwestern Federal District ranks second after the Far East. Fishing is carried out for cod, herring, sea bass, flounder, halibut, in rivers and lakes - salmon, whitefish, grayling, vendace, smelt. Fish processing is carried out at fish processing plants in Murmansk and Arkhangelsk.

The absolute leader among the types of activities are manufacturing industries, where almost 75% of industrial output is carried out.

On the territory of the North-Western Federal District, 9% of the area of ​​housing in Russia is put into operation annually (5th place among the federal districts). In 2006, per 1,000 inhabitants, 340 m2 of housing was put into operation in the district, which is lower than the average Russian value, however, according to this indicator, the North-Western Federal District ranks third among other districts.

Over the past 5 years, the average per capita cash income in the Northwestern Federal District was higher than in Russia, reaching 10,640 rubles in 2006, which corresponds to the 3rd place among the federal districts. The share of the population with monetary incomes below the subsistence level in 2006 was 14.5% of the total population of the district.

At the end of 2006 in the bodies public service employment in the Northwestern Federal District, 119 thousand people were registered as unemployed, which amounted to 6.9% of total number unemployed in Russia. Unemployment benefits received 103 thousand people. The level of registered unemployment in the Northwestern Federal District - 1.6% - is one of the lowest in Russia.

The main production potential falls on St. Petersburg, the Leningrad and Vologda regions. The economic core of the region is St. Petersburg with a number of satellite cities. Economy this region based on science-intensive and highly skilled industries. The production of turbines, generators, compressors is concentrated in the region, instrument making and the production of automation equipment are developed. Vyborg specializes in electronics, Gatchina - in the production of agricultural machinery and spare parts. Production potential Vologda region are ferrous metallurgy, chemical industry and mechanical engineering. There are also enterprises of the timber, woodworking and pulp and paper industries in the region.

The Northwestern Federal District (NWFD) is located in the north and northwest of the European part of Russia and includes 11 subjects of the Federation - the Republics of Karelia and Komi, Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Kaliningrad, Leningrad, Murmansk, Novgorod, Pskov regions, St. Petersburg and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The Northwestern Federal District was established by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 849 dated May 13, 2000. The center of the district is St. Petersburg.

The area of ​​the federal district is 1677.9 thousand km 2, which is 9.9% of the territory of Russia.

The Northwestern Federal District occupies an advantageous geopolitical position. This is the only one of the federal districts of the Russian Federation that directly borders on the countries European Union, Central and Northern Europe: Norway, Finland, Poland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Belarus. The Okrug plays an important strategic role as a border region.

Its internal borders are adjacent to the territories of the Ural, Volga, Central federal districts. The region occupies the entire territory of the European North, has access to the Northern Arctic Ocean and Baltic, White, Barents, the Kara Seas, which creates favorable conditions for the development of export-import relations.

population population The population of the Northwestern Federal District is 13.5 million people, or 9.5% of the population of Russia. Since 1992, the number of inhabitants living on its territory has been declining. The highest rates of natural population decline were noted in the Vologda Oblast, the Republic of Karelia and St. Petersburg. Population decline is associated with unfavorable demographic situation in all regions of the district, characterized as negative indicators natural increase and increased migration processes.

The old age structure of the population makes a significant contribution to the significant natural decline in the Okrug's population. people in retirement age in the North-West Federal District there are already 1.5 times more than children under 16 years old. The Pskov and Novgorod oblasts stand out with a particularly old age structure of the population, which is associated with the long-term outflow of young people from these regions in the previous decades. The northern territories (Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Komi Republic, Murmansk Oblast) are distinguished by a younger age structure of the population. The city of St. Petersburg also stands out with the old age structure of the population.

Depopulation, i.e. population decline is a serious demographic and socio-economic problem of the federal district, requiring both state incentives to achieve positive indicators of natural reproduction, and a regulated influx of migrants (both are carried out within the framework of the new federal demographic policy for the period up to 2025).

At the same time, only the city of St. Petersburg, Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions are distinguished by a stable migration influx in the NWFD. These regions constantly have a positive migration balance, both with other regions of the district, and with most of the other subjects of the Russian Federation and new independent states. The relative migration inflow to the Kaliningrad region is especially intense, where it often overlaps the natural population decline. Therefore, the population of this region of the country compared with the beginning of the 90s. increased, while in all other regions of the Northwestern Federal District it decreased.

All other regions of the NWFD have a negative migration balance. The outflow of residents from the northern territories is especially intense - from the Komi Republic, the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, the Murmansk and Arkhangelsk regions. In these regions, outbound migration is main reason population decline. Mostly young people and people of working age with children leave, which leads to further aging of the age structure of the population and aggravation of demographic problems.

The population of the Northwestern Federal District is distributed unevenly. The average population density is 8.2 people. per 1 km 2. The main part of the population is in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region (72.0 people per 1 km 2). highest density population is typical for the Kaliningrad region (63.1 people per

1 km 2). The northern part of the okrug is characterized by low population density, with the most sparsely populated region being the Nenets Autonomous Okrug (24.0 people per 1 km2), located in the Arctic.

The federal district is different high level of urbanization for Russia - almost 82% of the population lives in urban areas, while almost a third of the population is concentrated in the largest St. Petersburg agglomeration in the country. The smallest part of the urban population is observed in the Pskov, Arkhangelsk, Vologda regions and the Komi Republic.

National composition The county's population is heterogeneous. The NWFD is distinguished by the multinational composition of the population; most are Russians. Among other nationalities, Komi, Karelians, Saami predominate, in the northeast Arkhangelsk region- Nenets. On the European North acute problem of survival of indigenous small peoples due to the reduction of their habitat. St. Petersburg is also multinational, where, as in Moscow, there are diasporas: Ukrainian, Tatar, peoples of the Caucasus, Estonian and others.

Human Resources The districts, especially in St. Petersburg, are distinguished by the presence of a significant number of highly qualified specialists employed in science-intensive industries, in science and trade, including private entrepreneurship, as well as in market infrastructure.

In the structure of the employed population by sectors of the economy, the share of those working in trade, public catering, consumer services and health care is increasing. simultaneous reduction employed in industry, agriculture and construction. The solution of socio-demographic problems is possible through the stabilization and recovery of the economy, the adoption of effective nationwide and regional measures to implement social programs of the federal and regional levels, aimed at social protection population.

in the Northwestern Federal District, where total strength population is declining, there is an increase in the number of economically active population, including those employed in the economy. Both the unemployment rate and the number of unemployed are steadily declining. The level of registered unemployment in the NWFD (1.4%) is one of the lowest in Russia.

Direct access to the global market and proximity European states, the presence of two ice-free seaports - Kaliningrad and Murmansk, the established land transport network and proximity to the main industrialized districts of Russia - Central and Ural, largely determined the multifaceted role of the territory of the district as a major supplier of various raw materials and industrial products, fuel and energy resources, a forge of qualified personnel, the most important Russian exporter of not only its own products, but also those produced in other regions of Russia. At the same time, the district can be considered as the largest importer of various products, the main recipient of foreign investment, and an important transit region.

The basis of the economy of the Northwestern Federal District is the use of rich natural resource potential and favorable economic and geographical position of the region.

The main branches of market specialization that determine its place in the all-Russian territorial division of labor are ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, the fuel industry (coal, oil, gas), diversified engineering, forestry, woodworking and pulp and paper, chemical and fishing industries. Agriculture specializes in dairy farming and reindeer breeding.

The Federal District occupies a leading position in the production of electrical equipment, electronics, opto-mechanical products, shipbuilding, produces a significant part of the republican volume of phosphate raw materials (being the leader in the production of apatite and nepheline concentrates), industrial wood, more than 45% of cellulose, 62% of paper, 52 % of cardboard, finished rolled products, its share in the fish catch is significant. It is one of the leading centers scientific and technological progress, training of highly qualified personnel, the center of Russian history and culture, as well as tourism. The district performs important transport functions in the implementation of maritime transport.

Federal District of Russia is an economic region top management, which is a large territorial and industrial complex, which combines industries of market specialization with industries that complement territorial complex, and infrastructure.

Federal districts of Russia (Russian Federation) were created in accordance with the Decree of the President of Russia V.V. Putin No. 849 "On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Federal District" dated May 13, 2000.
In accordance with this Decree, all subjects of the Russian Federation (regions of Russia) are united into eight federal districts: the North-Western Federal District, the Central Federal District, the Volga Federal District, the Southern Federal District, the North Caucasian Federal District, the Urals Federal District, the Siberian Federal District , Far Eastern Federal District. Each of the eight existing federal districts has an administrative center.
In accordance with federal law"About general principles organizations local government in the Russian Federation" dated October 6, 2003 No. 131-FZ, the regions of Russia include urban districts and municipal districts.

A municipal area is a collection of several urban or rural settlements or settlements and inter-settlement territories united by a common territory.

The city district is urban settlement that is not part of the municipality.

Russian Federation (Russia)- the largest state in the world by area. The year of foundation of Russia is considered to be 862 (the beginning of Russian statehood). The area of ​​the Russian Federation is 17.1 million km2, and is divided into 83 subjects of the federation in eight federal districts, including 46 regions, 21 republics, 9 territories, 1 autonomous region, 4 autonomous regions and 2 cities federal significance.

Federal districts of Russia: Central Federal District, North Caucasian Federal District, Northwestern Federal District, Urals Federal District, Southern Federal District, Siberian Federal District, Volga Federal District, Far Eastern Federal District.

Central Federal District in Russia.

Central Federal District. Administrative center federal district - the city of Moscow.

Central Federal District (CFD)- was formed on May 13, 2000 in accordance with Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 849 “On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Federal District”. The territory of the district is 650.3 thousand square meters. km. (3.8%) of the territory of Russia and ranks first in Russia in terms of population. The Central Federal District is located in the central part of the East European Plain, its administrative center is the city of Moscow.
The Central Federal District consists of 18 subjects of the Russian Federation.

Northwestern Federal District in Russia.

NORTH-WESTERN Federal District. Area 1,677,900 sq. km. The administrative center of the district is the city of St. Petersburg.

Northwestern Federal District (NWFD)- was formed on May 13, 2000 in accordance with Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 849 "On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Federal District." The Northwestern region is located in the north and northwest of the European part non-chernozem zone RF. The center of the Northwestern Federal District is the city of St. Petersburg.
The Northwestern Federal District consists of 11 subjects of the Russian Federation.

Southern Federal District in Russia.

Southern Federal District. The administrative center of the district is the city of Rostov-on-Don.

Southern Federal District (SFD)- formed by Decree of the President of Russia V.V. Putin dated May 13, 2000 No. 849, the composition of the Southern Federal District was changed on January 19, 2010 in accordance with the Decree of the President of Russia D.A. Medvedev No. 82 "On Amendments to the List of Federal Districts approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 13, 2000 No. 849, and to Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 12, 2008 No. 724 "Issues of the System and Structure of Federal Executive Bodies" .
From the moment of formation on May 13, 2000, the district was called "North Caucasian", by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 1149 of June 21, 2000 - it was renamed into "Southern".
The Southern Federal District is located in the southern part of the European part of Russia, in the lower reaches of the Volga River. The center of the Southern Federal District is the city of Rostov-on-Don.
The Southern Federal District consists of 13 subjects of the Russian Federation

By decree of the President of Russia V.V. Putin dated July 28, 2016 No. 375, the Crimean Federal District was abolished, and its constituent entities - the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol - were included in the Southern Federal District.

Volga Federal District in Russia.

Volga Federal District. The county seat is the city Nizhny Novgorod.

Volga Federal District (VFD)- was formed on May 13, 2000 in accordance with the Decree of the President of Russia V.V. Putin No. 849 "On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Federal District". The Volga Federal District occupies the central and eastern part of the European part of Russia. The center of the Volga Federal District is the city of Nizhny Novgorod.
The Volga Federal District consists of 14 subjects of the Russian Federation.

Ural Federal District in Russia.

Ural federal district. The administrative center of the district is the city of Yekaterinburg.

Ural Federal District (UrFO)- was formed on May 13, 2000 in accordance with Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 849 "On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Federal District." The center of the Ural Federal District is the city of Yekaterinburg.
The Ural Federal District consists of 6 subjects of the Russian Federation.

It occupies a relatively small area (10% of the country's territory) and concentrates about 10% of the population of Russia with medium density population 8 people / km 2. Center - St. Petersburg.

The specialization of the economy of the district is determined, first of all, by its advantageous geographical position: access to the Baltic Sea, proximity to the Baltic countries and Finland, as well as to the developed Central District and the raw material base of the North.

Raw material base for many industrial enterprises Northwestern District serve the north of the European part of Russia. For example, aluminum smelters in the cities of Volkhov (Leningrad region) operate on bauxite from the local Tikhvin deposit and nepheline Kola Peninsula. The refinery in Ukhta uses oil from the Komi Republic through an oil pipeline.

Apatites of the Kola Peninsula and methane phosphorites serve as raw materials for the production of phosphate fertilizers in the city of Kingisepp. Nitrogen fertilizers, as well as polymeric materials are produced

Novgorod chemical plant, which uses natural gas as a raw material, which comes through a gas pipeline.

Cherepovets metallurgical plant "Severstal" (Vologda region) supplies rolled steel to metal-intensive engineering enterprises in St. Petersburg. Izhora Plant and Elektrosila (St. Petersburg) produce power equipment, including for nuclear power plants. Baltiysky, Admiralteysky (St. Petersburg) and Vyborgsky (Vyborg) shipyards build nuclear-powered icebreakers, large tankers, dry cargo ships, fishing and research vessels. St. Petersburg also manufactures subway cars, Kirovets heavy tractors and machine tools.

precision engineering was developed in St. Petersburg thanks to qualified workers and the scientific and technical potential of the city. Instrumentation, Computer Engineering, precision optics, consumer electronics: the range of products is quite large.

Profitable geographical position Northwestern Federal District (access to the Baltic Sea) determined its specialization in the road transport complex. Due to the loss of ports in Tallinn, Klaipeda, Riga and Ventspils, the volume of export-import cargo flows passing through the domestic Baltic ports has increased dramatically. The economic recovery in the industry can be judged by the expansion of existing and construction of new ports in the Gulf of Finland. In addition to the four currently operating: in St. Petersburg (the largest), Kaliningrad (non-freezing), Baltiysk ( home base Baltic Fleet) and Vyborg, new ports are being built in Ust-Luga, Batareinaya Bay (near the city of Vyborg). Pinery) and Primorsk (Fig. 1).

New modern customs inspection points for motor vehicles have been opened on the Russian-Finnish border. They will allow unloading existing ones and significantly reduce the loss of time for Russian and foreign transport workers when crossing the border.

Port facilities is a complex complex, including fishing and transport vessels, shipbuilding and shipyards, receiving bases and fish canning enterprises. Moreover, fishing is carried out not only in the Baltic Sea, but also in the Atlantic.

Fish industry is one of the main areas of specialization of the district.

Rice. 1. New port complexes Gulf of Finland

- the most western edge Russia, it's part of the former East Prussia, which became part of the USSR in 1945 by decision of the Potsdam Conference. The region occupies a small territory (0.1% of the country's territory) and is a Russian exclave, concluded between by the Baltic Sea, Lithuania and Poland. The population makes up 0.6% of the country's population and is concentrated in cities (77%). The population density of the region is high - 63 people/km2.

Centre - Kaliningrad, large cities - Sovete k, Chernyakhovsk.

The port of Kaliningrad is located at the mouth of the Pregol River and is connected to the sea by a deep-water canal through which large-capacity vessels can pass. The fishing industry and port facilities are the main branches of specialization of the region.

The peculiarity of the Kaliningrad region is also that it contains up to 90% of the world's amber reserves, which are mined in quarries at the Primorskoye and Palminikskoye deposits. Amber is a pine resin hardened and polished with water, which is used in medicine, the chemical industry, but most importantly, jewelry is made from it. This is the symbol of the Baltic Sea.

The share of the European North accounts for 1/4 of the all-Russian production of iron ore, 9/10 - of apatites (raw materials for the production of phosphate fertilizers). The European North is a supplier of coal, oil, gas, non-ferrous and rare metals.

Over the years economic reforms in Russia, the volume of capital investments in the sector of specialization of the economy of the European North, its production infrastructure, geological exploration decreased. Production volumes also declined. However, in recent times there have been positive trends in the increase in industrial production.

Developments hard coal of the Pechora Basin, oil and gas of the Timano-Pechora oil and gas province are being conducted in the Komi Republic, as well as in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

The raw material factor determines the specialization of industry in most of the northern cities of the district. Even during the period of planned economy in the area of ​​oil and gas fields, the Timan-Pechora Territorial Production Complex (TPK) was formed with the center in the city of Ukhta. A large oil refinery operates here, and a gas processing plant operates in Sosnogorsk. Pipelines have been built linking the deposits of the Timan-Pechora province with the processing plants of the Central and Northwestern regions. These are the Usinsk-Ukhta-Kotlas-Yaroslavl-Moscow oil pipeline and the gas pipeline (section of the Siyaniye Severa gas pipeline from Western Siberia) Vuktyl-Ukhta-Gryazovets with branches to Moscow and St. Petersburg and further to Belarus, Latvia and Estonia.

In addition, the timber, woodworking, pulp and paper industries are developing; ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy.

Indicators of the Northwestern Federal District

Administrative-territorial composition: Saint Petersburg; republics - Komi, Karelia. Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Kaliningrad, Leningrad, Murmansk, Novgorod, Pskov regions. Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

Territory- 1687 thousand km 2. Population - 13.5 million people.

Administrative center- Saint Petersburg.

The Northwestern Federal District unites the Northwestern and Northern economic regions and the Kaliningrad region.

The Okrug plays an important strategic role as a border region of Russia in the European North and West of the country, within which large industrial and cultural centers are located, seaports in the Baltic, White and Barents Seas.

Table 2. The share of economic indicators of the Northwestern Federal District in the national

Specialization of the industrial production of the district by type economic activity determined on the basis of the coefficient of localization in table. 3.

Table 3. Specialization of industrial production in the Northwestern Federal District

The types of economic activity that determine the specialization of the district in terms of the localization coefficient can be considered the following (see Table 3): mining, except for fuel and energy; manufacturing industries (including the production of food products, including drinks, and tobacco; wood processing and the production of wood products; pulp and paper production; publishing and printing activities; metallurgical production and production of finished metal products; production of electrical equipment, electronic and optical equipment; production Vehicle and equipment; other productions); production and distribution of electricity, gas and water.

According to the natural-geographical and transport conditions, the peculiarities of the distribution of productive forces and the population of the territory, the district is divided into three component parts; North-Western economic region, Northern economic region and Kaliningrad region.

Journal articles

1. Badokina E. A. The use of the price of capital in the justification of investment policy / E. A. Badokina, I. N. Shvetsova // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2008. - N. 20. - S. 88-97 (On the example of the Komi Republic)

2. Berendeev M. V. Post-Soviet regional identity of the society of the Kaliningrad region: the problem of formation and measurement / M. V. Berenedeev// Bulletin of Moscow State University. Ser. Sociology and political science. - 2007. - N. 3. - S. 29-42

3. Beskrovnaya V. Implementation of the principles of budgetary federalism in the regions of Russia / V. Beskrovnaya // Federalism. - 2008. - N. 2. - P. 113-124 (Tables of revenues and expenditures of the budgets of St. Petersburg, the Pskov region and the Republic of Karelia for 2005-2007 are given.)

4. Boos G. The main directions of the budget policy of the Kaliningrad region / GV Boos, E. Yu. Matveeva // Finance. - 2009. - N. 2. - S. 3-8

5. Broilo E. V. The main problematic trends in the development of the Northwestern Federal District in the conditions of the market / E. V. Broilo // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2007. - N. 5. - S. 97-103

6. Broilo E. V. Analysis of the problems of sustainable development of the North-Western Federal District / E. V. Broilo // Problems modern economy. - 2007. - N. 2. - S. 262-266 (On the example of the Pskov region)

7. Broilo E. V. Problems of stable economic development Northwest region/ E.V. Broilo / / / ECO. - 2007. - N. 2. - S. 51-61

8. Broilo E. Financial stabilization of organizations of the Republic of Komi and the use of factoring / E. Broilo // Problems of theory and practice of management. - 2007. - N. 8. - S. 35-40

9. Brusser P. Public-private partnership - a new mechanism for attracting investments / P. Brusser, S. Rozhkova // Securities market. - 2007. - N. 2. - S. 29-33 (On the example of St. Petersburg)

10. Budanov G. A. The role of regional authorities in the formation of socio-economic policy: stages of evolution / G. A. Budanov // EKO. - 2008. - N. 6. - S. 92-105 (On the example of the Vologda region)

11. Bulavin I. V. Analysis of the quality of program-target planning in the context of the implementation of the socio-economic strategy of the region / I. V. Bulavin // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2008. - N. 6. - S. 17-28 On the example of the Vologda region

12. Bushueva L. I. Statistical analysis innovation activity of enterprises of the Republic of Komi / L. I. Bushueva // Problems of modern economics. - 2008. - N. 3. - S. 73-77

13. Byrko A. N. Regional tax regulation of social economic processes(on the example of the Republic of Karelia) / A. N. Byrko // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2007. - N. 8. - S. 171-175

14. Vaniev A. G. On the work of organs state power Novgorod region on attracting investments for the economic development of the region / A. G. Vaniev // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2007. - N. 18. - S. 50-59

15. Verkholantseva K. Participation experience Russian regions in European transboundary spaces (on the example of Euroregion "Karelia") / K. Verkholantseva // Power. - 2009. - N. 3. - S. 70-73

16. Vinokurov A. A. Northwestern Federal District: Features and Directions of Regional Development / A. A. Vinokurov // Regional Economics: Theory and Practice. - 2008. - N. 5. - S. 12-21

17. Vinokurov E. Kaliningrad region: between Russia and Europe / E. Vinokurov // World economy and international relationships. - 2007. - N. 8. - S. 25-30

18. Volkov V. A. Organization of public authority in cities of federal significance / V. A. Volkov // Management consulting. - 2007. - N. 3. - S. 226-233

19. Vulfovich R. M. Prospects for the development of the management system of St. Petersburg / R. M. Vulfovich // Management consulting. - 2007. - N. 3. - S. 140-151

20. Gadzhiev Yu. Economy of the Republic of Komi / Yu. Gadzhiev // Economist. - 2007. - N. 2. - S. 66-75

21. Gekht A. N. Investment policy and interbudgetary relations as tools territorial development regions (on the example of the Republic of Karelia) / A. N. Gekht // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2007. - N. 10. - S. 96-104

22. Glushanok T. Republic of Karelia: labor resources and the labor market / T. Glushanok // Man and labor. - 2007. - N. 3. - S. 25-28

23. Gogoberidze G. G. Maritime potential and strategies for the development of coastal areas Murmansk region/ GG Gogoberidze // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2008. - N. 14. - S. 21-29

24. Gosteva L. F. Tourism as a factor in the economic development of the region / L. F. Gosteva, N. D. Sereda // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2008. - N. 15. - S. 88-94 (On the example of the Vologda region)

25. Long-term forecast of socio-economic development of the Vologda Oblast / L. G. Iogman [et al.] // Problems of Forecasting. - 2009. - N. 1. - S. 74-92

26. Evtyugin A. A. To the question of the efficiency of living and materialized labor in modern agricultural production (on the example of the Vologda region) / A. A. Evtyugin // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2008. - N. 21. - S. 88-91

27. Egorov D. G. Modification of the input-output balance for assessing alternative social economic strategies development northern regions Russia (on the example of the Murmansk region) / D. G. Egorov, A. V. Egorova // National interests: priorities and security. - 2009. - N. 2. - S. 38-49 + Tables.

28. Zhevlakov VZ Problems and prospects for the development of the banking sector / VZ Zhevlakov // Finance and credit. - 2008. - N. 42. - S. 10-14 On the example of the Kaliningrad region.

29. Zhirnel E. V. Territorial structure of the economy and problems of regional competitiveness (on the example of the Republic of Karelia) / E. V. Zhirnel // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2007. - N. 5. - S. 108-112

30. Zasyad-Volk VV Factors of effective land policy in the region / VV Zasyad-Volk // Management consulting. - 2007. - N. 2. - S. 62-82 (On the example of the Leningrad region)

31. Ivanov V. APK of the Republic of Komi: opportunities innovative development/ V. Ivanov // Problems of theory and practice of management. - 2008. - N. 6. - S. 27-33

32. Ivanov S. N. Integration of information flows in the region to reduce transaction costs in construction / S. N. Ivanov // Economic revival of Russia. - 2008. - N. 4. - S. 67-72 (On the example of St. Petersburg)

33. Ilyina I. The quality and structure of nutrition of the population of the Arkhangelsk region: dynamics and socio-demographic differentiation / I. Ilyina // Social politics and social partnership. - 2008. - N. 11. - S. 71-80

34. Kashina M. A. Council of municipalities of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation as a mechanism for horizontal and vertical coordination of the activities of local governments (on the example of the Leningrad region) / M. A. Kashina // Management consulting. - 2008. - N. 3. - S. 129-148

35. Kirillov A. A. Management by results: possible approaches (on the example of the implementation of the "program for reforming regional finance in the Leningrad region") / A. A. Kirillov // Management consulting. - 2007. - N. 2. - S. 219-225

36. Klebanov I. On the development of the Northwestern Federal District / I. Klebanov // Issues of local government. - 2007. - N. 3. - S. 4-5 (Speech at the northwestern interregional forum of the party " United Russia March 5, 2007)

37. Klepikov A. Joyless records: analysis of the results of regional development in 2008 shows that the crisis hit the North-West more than most other federal districts / A. Klepikov // Expert. Northwest. - 2009. - N. 11. - S. 18-19

38. Kovalev V. A. Komi Republic: from the post-authoritarian syndrome to the administrative regime / V. A. Kovalev // political science. - 2007. - N. 2. - S. 172-187

39. Kozyreva G. Economic behavior of enterprises of the forestry sector of Karelia in the conditions of market transformations / G. Kozyreva // Questions of Economics. - 2007. - N. 7. - S. 136-151

40. Kolosova G. V. Social support for disabled people in St. Petersburg: state and prospects / G. V. Kolosova // Worker social service. - 2007. - N. 4. - S. 6-16

41. Kolotnecha O. Plywood clot. The reason for the collapse of one of the largest timber processing enterprises in the Novgorod region / O. Kolotnecha // Expert. Northwest. - 2009. - N. 9. - S. 14-15

42. Kondakov I. A. Comparative assessment of the scientific and technical potential of the Vologda region / I. A. Kondakov // Economics of the region. - 2009. - N. 1. - S. 104-118

43. Kostyleva L.V. Statistical estimates priorities of the regional socio-economic policy (on the materials of the North-West Federal District) / L. V. Kostyleva, E. A. Chekmareva // Questions of statistics. - 2008. - N. 7. - S. 34-39

44. Krumgolts D. V. Opportunities and main directions for the development of the fuel and energy complex of the North-Western Federal District in long term/ DV Krumgolts // Problems of modern economy. - 2007. - N. 3. - S. 457-459

45. Larichev A. A. The Republic of Karelia - a subject of the Russian Federation or a state? / A. A. Larichev // Constitutional and municipal law. - 2007. - N. 18. - S. 21-23

46. ​​Levina I. V. Regional problems of development of the timber industry complex / I. V. Levina // Regional economy of Russia. - 2009. - N. 7. - S. 12-15 (On the example of the Komi Republic)

47. Lutova S. K. Ethnopolitical situation in St. Petersburg in early XXI century / S. K. Lutova // Management consulting. - 2007. - N. 2. - S. 56-61

48. Maklakhov A. V. Regional strategy for innovative development of industry / A. V. Maklakhov, V. V. Mitenev // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2008. - N. 3. - S. 31-36 (On the example of the Vologda region)

49. Mamedov A.K. Economic analysis demographic component rural areas Pskov region / A. K. Mamedov // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2008. - N. 35. - S. 77-83

50. Menkova N. M. Non-traditional methods increasing the financial independence of municipalities (for example, historical development Arkhangelsk region) / N. M. Menkova // Finance and credit. - 2007. - N. 42. - S. 51-59

51. Mironova N. Arkhangelsk region: experience of self-organization and local development / N. Mironova // Municipal authority. - 2007. - N. 6. - S. 36-42

52. Mikhel E. Economic factors of labor migration in the border region / E. Mikhel // Man and labor. - 2009. - N. 3. - P. 39 (On the example of the Republic of Karelia)

53. Moskalenko K. A. Special economic zone in the Kaliningrad region in the context of globalization: political and economic aspects of formation and development / K. A. Moskalenko // Bulletin of St. Petersburg University. Ser. Philosophy. Culturology. Political science. Law .... - 2008. - N. 2. - S. 117-124

54. Nemina VN Some aspects of activities and forms of interaction between public authorities and the non-profit sector in St. Petersburg / VN Nemina // Problems of the modern economy. - 2007. - N. 1. - S. 134-137

55. Ovchinnikov V. A. Reforming local government (on the example of the Leningrad region) / V. A. Ovchinnikov, N. G. Barbarova // Management consulting. - 2007. - N. 2. - S. 32-40

56. Ovchinnikova E. Expansion of the horizon / E. Ovchinnikova // Expert. Northwest. - 2008. - N. 22. - P. 30-38 (On the development of long-term, at least until 2020, strategies for the socio-economic development of the North-West)

57. Pastarnakova O. A. Project approach in the organization of cross-border cooperation at the local level / O. A. Pastarnakova // Management consulting. - 2008. - N. 1. - S. 203-215 (On the example of the North-West of the Russian Federation)

58. Rozhkova S. A. Using the world experience of public-private partnership in Russia / S. A. Rozhkova // ECO. - 2008. - N. 2. - S. 104-112 (On the example of St. Petersburg)

59. Rybakov F. F. Prospects for the socio-economic development of St. Petersburg / F. F. Rybakov // Economic revival of Russia. - 2008. - N. 1. - S. 56-61

60. Rybakov F. F. Industry of St. Petersburg: structural shifts recent years/ F. F. Rybakov // Bulletin of St. Petersburg University. Ser. Economics. - 2008. - N. 3. - S. 37-44

61. Sergeev A. Dynamics of socio-economic development of St. Petersburg / A. Sergeev // Economist. - 2008. - N. 5. - S. 52-62

62. Sidorov Yu. Yu. Special economic zones in industrial policy Petersburg / Yu. Yu. Sidorov // Problems of the modern economy. - 2008. - N. 3. - S. 400-402

63. Sinitsky V. The development of the North must remain strategic objective state / V. Sinitsky // Social policy and social partnership. - 2008. - N. 4. - S. 52-55

64. Sintsov K. V. The concept of socio-economic development of the Pskov region / K. V. Sintsov // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2007. - N. 5. - S. 113-116

65. Skachkov I. Rescue knot / I. Skachkov, A. Efremov // Securities market. - 2009. - N. 3-4. - pp. 48-50 (On the Murmansk port development project)

66. Sobolev O. N. On the main directions of optimizing the activities of state authorities of the Russian Federation to ensure national security in the Kaliningrad region / O. N. Sobolev // State and Law. - 2008. - N. 7. - S. 76-81

67. Strikunov A. V. Integration processes in agro-industrial production / A. V. Strikunov, L. I. Strikunova // Bulletin of the branch of the North-Western Academy of Public Administration in Pskov. - 2008. - N. 2. - S. 46-51

68. Styrov M. Estimation of financial resources of the industry of the Republic of Komi / M. Styrov // Federalism. - 2009. - N. 1. - S. 237-242

69. Tazhetdinov S. R. On increasing the income of regional budgets / S. R. Tazhetdinov // Finance. - 2007. - N. 3. - S. 19-21 (On the example of St. Petersburg)

70. Labor market trends in retail / E. Razumova [et al.] // Handbook of personnel management. - 2007. - N. 10. - P. 114-117 (On the example of the labor market in the field of retail (retail trade) in St. Petersburg)

71. Tolstoguzov O. V. Problems of improving state development planning economic system at the regional level (the experience of the Republic of Karelia) / O. V. Tolstoguzov // Regional Economics: Theory and Practice. - 2009. - N. 6. - S. 9-15

72. Trofimov A. Ya. Problems of reforming the local government of the Pskov region on present stage/ A. Ya. Trofimov // Bulletin of the branch of the North-Western Academy of Public Administration in Pskov. - 2008. - N. 2. - S. 12-16

73. Uskova T. V. Problems of assessing the competitiveness of regions / T. V. Uskova, A. S. Barabanov // Questions of statistics. - 2009. - N. 1. - P. 49-56 On the example of the North-Western Federal District.

74. Uskova T. V. The industrial sector of the Vologda Oblast: problems and development trends / T. V. Uskova // Forecasting problems. - 2008. - N. 5. - S. 81-87

75. Feraru G. S. Socio-economic trends in the development of the timber industry complex of the Arkhangelsk region: problems and ways to solve them / G. S. Feraru // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2008. - N. 22. - S. 32-40

76. Fofanova N. Active Forms protection of the population from unemployment contribute to the implementation public policy employment in the Kola North / N. Fofanova, L. Grushevskaya // Personnel Service and Personnel. - 2007. - N. 10. - S. 6-9

77. Chaika L. V. Forecast of the development of energy and the economy of the region (on the example of the Komi Republic) / L. V. Chaika // Problems of forecasting. - 2007. - N. 3. - S. 94-105

78. Chaldaeva L. A. Regional securities market: problems of formation and development / L. A. Chaldaeva, I. N. Fedorenko // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2009. - N. 5. - S. 20-23 (On the example of the Northwestern Federal District)

79. Chervonnaya I. I. Formation of regional labor potential (on the example of the Arkhangelsk region) / I. I. Chervonnaya // Problems of modern economics. - 2008. - N. 3. - S. 443-446

81. Chernyaeva Z. History and state of the state debt of the Republic of Karelia / Z. Chernyaeva // Securities market. - 2008. - N. 23/24. - pp. 65-69

82. Chuzhmarov A. Problems of provision economic security Industry of the Republic of Komi / A. Chuzhmarov // Federalism. - 2008. - N. 3. - S. 236-243

83. Kharin A. G. Research of features of investments in the Kaliningrad region: sources of financing and assessment of investors' expectations / A. G. Kharin // Finance and credit. - 2009. - N. 14. - S. 79-82

84. Khaimur E. Prospects for government borrowing and public debt of St. Petersburg for 2009 - 2011 / E. Khaimur // Securities market. - 2009. - N. 3-4. - pp. 62-64

85. Shilovsky A. V. Diplomacy of the regions: experience and prospects / A. V. Shilovsky // Regionology. - 2008. - N. 1. - S. 30-40 (On the example of the Murmansk region)

86. Shishkina E. A. Kaliningrad region as a regional model of the global socio-cultural and socio-natural space / E. A. Shishkina // Regionology. - 2008. - N. 4. - S. 340-346

87. Yakovleva A. V. Analysis of unemployment in a large city and its predictive analytical value for regulation of the labor market (on the example of Moscow and St. Petersburg) / A. V. Yakovleva // Regional economy: theory and practice. - 2008. - N. 30. - S. 53-59